CN103988742A - Efficient high-yield cultivation method for cao apricots - Google Patents
Efficient high-yield cultivation method for cao apricots Download PDFInfo
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- CN103988742A CN103988742A CN201310053631.5A CN201310053631A CN103988742A CN 103988742 A CN103988742 A CN 103988742A CN 201310053631 A CN201310053631 A CN 201310053631A CN 103988742 A CN103988742 A CN 103988742A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivation method for apricots, in particular to an efficient high-yield cultivation method for cao apricots. According to the method, the yield is high, gains are got quickly, and the quality is good. The method comprises the following steps that farmyard manure and phosphate fertilizer are applied in a sunlight greenhouse in autumn of the year before field planting; strong biennial cao apricot seedlings pure in variety are selected and planted in the sunlight greenhouse in a field mode in the middle ten days of January of the current year; in late April of the field planting year, six to eight young sprouts are selected as main branches to be cultivated, and other sprouts are removed; soil fertilizer application is respectively carried out in early May and in early June of the field planting year once, leaf fertilizer is sprayed from July to August, and the farmyard manure is applied in middle ten days of September; the greenhouse is built in the middle ten days of November of the field planting year; flower thinning is not carried out during a flowering period in the next year of field planting, and fruit thinning is carried out at the time of half a month after flower drop; the temperature in the sunlight greenhouse rises to 25 DEG C to 30 DEG C during a fruit developing period in the next year of field planting; in April of the next year of field planting, fruit is mature, the picking period arrives, and nursery stocks are transplanted to the field outside the sunlight greenhouse to be cultivated after picking is finished.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of apricot, be specially a kind of high-yield cultivation method of Cao's apricot.
Background technology
Apricot whole body is precious, has many uses, and economic worth is very high; Apricot fruits nutrition is abundant, contains the necessary vitamin of multiple organic principle and human body and inorganic salts, is the fruit that a kind of nutritive value is higher.The nutrition of almond is abundanter, containing protein 23%-27%, crude fat 50%-60%, carbohydrate 10%, also contains inorganic salts and the multivitamins such as phosphorus, iron, potassium, calcium, and especially with Cao's apricot, in dried apricot, laetrile is many.Apricot really has good medical effect, occupies critical role in Chinese herbal medicine, cures mainly chill tuberculosis, promote the production of body fluid to quench thirst, moistening lung for removing phlegm is clearing heat and detoxicating.Apricot and apricot product have good processing characteristics, are also the staple products of foreign exchange earning.Apricot pulp can be processed into dried apricot, preserved apricot, apricot juice (apricot tea), sweet can, jam, preserved plum and haw sheet etc.Almond can be made into raw material, almond meal, almond milk, almond cream, apricot kernel butter, almond pickles, apricot kernel oil, almond powder of senior dessert etc.
China is the important Xian Xing big producing country in the world and maximum Xing Jiang producing country, the fresh apricot of producing and apricot goods super quality and competitive price.Within 2004, Chinese fresh apricot output is 400,000 tons, the row of Shen Ji world Xian Xing big producing country, and fresh apricot output is still with annual 15-20% speed increase; Calendar year 2001, Chinese apricot slurry output reaches first 1, the 2007 year Chinese apricot in the whole world and starches 30,000 tons of output, and production and trade amount accounts for the whole world and surpasses 50% than weight average.
Cao's apricot belongs to the rose family, and apricot belongs to common apricot, large in fruit, oblateness, and dark in suture, pulp is asymmetric, and top is more recessed, dark in low-lying area, top, fruit tip circle, style is remaining, and stalk is hollow dark and narrow.Pericarp background color is orange-yellow, the scarlet rosy clouds of sunny side, skin is thinner, in tough, fine hair is few, pulp is orange-yellow, the micro-Huang in nearly core place, can compare favourably with Dunhuang Li Guang apricot.Cao's apricot is eventually containing soluble solid 15-18%; Fiber is few, and juice is many, contains abundant nutriment and multivitamin.Cao's apricot economic worth is high, and purposes is wide; Wooden hard, texture is fine and smooth with line, is the good material of making furniture; Dry branches and fallen leaves, can make fuel and feed; Almond shell can preparing active carbon, in national defense industry, has many uses; Apricot, except eating raw, also can be processed preserved apricot, dried apricot, can etc.One ton of the every outlet of the sweet benevolence of Cao's apricot, is worth 6000 dollars; And one of the every outlet of preserved apricot is worth 4500 dollars; In addition, Cao's apricot is important medicinal material, sometimes manufactures the raw material of alcohol and iundustrial oil; Dessert almond is the raw material of manufacturing refreshment and almond powder.Apricot is selected not severe to natural conditions and social customs of a place, be one of fine tree species of deserted mountain barren hill greening.But its current cultivated area is large, and output is little, cultivate slowly, therefore on market, supply falls short of demand, and the color and luster of especially take is uniformly as top grade.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for problems of the prior art, provide a kind of cultivation speed fast, output is high, and income is fast, the high-yield cultivation method of Cao's apricot of quality better.
The high-yield cultivation method of Cao's apricot of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) field planting autumn the previous year, carry out, in the greenhouse by solar heat of nursery stock cultivation, digging wide 1m-1.5m, the bar ditch of dark 0.6m, is backfilling in ditch after the farmyard manure becoming thoroughly decomposed and soil are mixed, and backfill a line is dug a line, between row and row, dig through, execute farmyard manure 5000kg for every mu, phosphate fertilizer 100kg; Treat that field planting selects kind raw Cao's apricot field planting in strong sprout in pure 2 years then mid-January in greenhouse by solar heat, carry out seed rearing;
2) field planting late April is then selected young sprout 6-8 that direction, angle and growing way are suitable and cultivates as major branch, and all the other tree-like prunings of erasing adopt spindles, and pinching when young sprout grows to 40cm, inspires Secondary Branch;
3) field planting is at the beginning of 5 months then and respectively carry out one time soil topdressing at the beginning of 6 months, and urea 50g is executed in strain, and the urea of foliage-spray 0.3% each once, make to set body and accelerate growth, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 7-8 month 2 times, suppress growth, to form more bud; Execute farmyard manure mid-September, execute the barnyard manure 2000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed for every mu, and mixed fruit-specific fertilizer 50kg;
4) canopy maintenance indoor temperature 0-5 ℃ is detained in field planting then mid-November, make it enter ahead of time dormancy, after having spent by the end of December physiological dormancy, heat up, temperature is controlled at 10-12 ℃, after this with 7 Tian Weiyige units, after each unit, raise 2 ℃, until after field planting after 30-35 days temperature be elevated to 18-20 ℃, stop the constant of holding temperature that heat up;
5) flower thinning not after field planting Second Year enters flowering stage, after fallen flowers, two weeks starts fruit thinning, in two weeks, has dredged, dredges prevent or cure a disease wormed fruit, malformed fruit, overstocked fruit and fruitlet, and long fruit branch stays 3-4, and really medium fruit branch stays 2 fruits, and fruit spur stays a fruit;
6) field planting Second Year enters Fruit after date, temperature in greenhouse by solar heat is increased to 25-30 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 50-60%, and every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 250kg, the urea that spray in every 10 days is one time 0.3% and 0.3% biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer, promote fruit growth;
7) April of field planting Second Year, fruit maturation, enters the picking period, after harvesting, Nursery stock transplanting is cultivated in the plot outside greenhouse by solar heat, and cultivates and do soil preparation for next circulation.
Further, during described Cao's apricot field planting in strong sprout, seeding row spacing 1m * 1m or 1m * 1.5m, 440 strain-666 strains of planting in the greenhouse by solar heat of every mu.
Further, described Cao's apricot strong sprout, its height more than 1.2m, the diel that is soaked in water before cultivation, then carry out libation at an ancient wedding ceremony root with the mud that is added with root-growing agent.
Further again, described mud comprises that mass percent is 48-50% water, the fine earth of 48-50%, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate micro polynary composite fertilizer of 1-2%; Described root-growing agent is the alcoholic solution containing 1.5g methyl α-naphthyl acetate.
Further, in described flowering stage, put into honeybee and carry out spontaneous pollination, and with comprising that volume ratio is that 0.3% the urea of 1:1 and the foliage fertilizer of 0.3% borax spray, and has additional nutrients.
The high-yield cultivation method of Cao's apricot of the present invention, by greenhouse by solar heat, nursery stock Cao apricot in early stage seedling and flowering stage has been played to crucial protective effect, make it avoid freeze injury, improve greatly setting ratio and done sth. in advance the time of listing, than Cao's apricot in open country plantation, go on the market ahead of time 1-2 month, and output at least improves 50%, economic benefit is obvious; Cao's apricot producing after fruit is transplanted to open country simultaneously, thereby makes greenhouse by solar heat can continue to utilize, guaranteed the continuous growth of Cao's apricot and the succession of the old by the new of trees, output can be steadily improved; Its beneficial effect is, simple to operate, cultivation speed is fast, and efficiency is high, and achievement output is large, and early, remarkable in economical benefits improves Time To Market, is conducive to the popularizing planting of Cao's apricot kind.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described and explained.
The high-yield cultivation method of Cao's apricot, it comprises the following steps.
1) field planting autumn the previous year, carry out, in the greenhouse by solar heat of nursery stock cultivation, digging wide 1m-1.5m, the bar ditch of dark 0.6m, is backfilling in ditch after the farmyard manure becoming thoroughly decomposed and soil are mixed, and backfill a line is dug a line, between row and row, dig through, execute farmyard manure 5000kg for every mu, phosphate fertilizer 100kg; Treat to select mid-January then kind raw Cao's apricot field planting in strong sprout in pure 2 years in greenhouse by solar heat, carry out seed rearing; Wherein, preferably when the field planting in strong sprout of Cao's apricot, seeding row spacing 1m * 1m or 1m * 1.5m, 440 strain-666 strains of planting in the greenhouse by solar heat of every mu; And wherein, described Cao's apricot strong sprout, its height more than 1.2m, the diel that is soaked in water before cultivation, then carry out libation at an ancient wedding ceremony root with the mud that is added with root-growing agent; Preferred mud comprises that mass percent is 48-50% water, the fine earth of 48-50%, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate micro polynary composite fertilizer of 1-2%; Described root-growing agent is the alcoholic solution containing 1.5g methyl α-naphthyl acetate.
2) field planting late April is then selected young sprout 6-8 that direction, angle and growing way are suitable and cultivates as major branch, and all the other tree-like prunings of erasing adopt spindles, and pinching when young sprout grows to 40cm, inspires Secondary Branch;
3) field planting is at the beginning of 5 months then and respectively carry out one time soil topdressing at the beginning of 6 months, and urea 50g is executed in strain, and the urea of foliage-spray 0.3% each once, make to set body and accelerate growth, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 7-8 month 2 times, suppress growth, to form more bud; Execute farmyard manure mid-September, execute the barnyard manure 2000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed for every mu, and mixed fruit-specific fertilizer 50kg.
4) canopy maintenance indoor temperature 0-5 ℃ is detained in field planting then mid-November, make it enter ahead of time dormancy, after having spent by the end of December physiological dormancy, heat up, temperature is controlled at 10-12 ℃, after this with 7 Tian Weiyige units, after each unit, raise 2 ℃, until temperature rising 18-20 ℃ after 30-35 days after field planting stops the constant of holding temperature that heat up.
5) flower thinning not after field planting Second Year enters flowering stage, after fallen flowers, two weeks starts fruit thinning, in two weeks, has dredged, dredges prevent or cure a disease wormed fruit, malformed fruit, overstocked fruit and fruitlet, and long fruit branch stays 3-4, and really medium fruit branch stays 2 fruits, and fruit spur stays a fruit; Preferably, in flowering stage, put into honeybee and carry out spontaneous pollination, and with comprising that volume ratio is that 0.3% the urea of 1:1 and the foliage fertilizer of 0.3% borax spray, and has additional nutrients.
6) field planting Second Year enters Fruit after date, temperature in greenhouse by solar heat is increased to 25-30 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 50-60%, and every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 250kg, the urea that spray in every 10 days is one time 0.3% and 0.3% biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer, promote fruit growth.
7) April of field planting Second Year, fruit maturation, enters the picking period, after harvesting, Nursery stock transplanting is cultivated in the plot outside greenhouse by solar heat, and cultivates and do soil preparation for next circulation.
Claims (5)
1. the high-yield cultivation method of Cao's apricot, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) field planting autumn the previous year, carry out, in the greenhouse by solar heat of nursery stock cultivation, digging wide 1m-1.5m, the bar ditch of dark 0.6m, is backfilling in ditch after the farmyard manure becoming thoroughly decomposed and soil are mixed, and backfill a line is dug a line, between row and row, dig through, execute farmyard manure 5000kg for every mu, phosphate fertilizer 100kg; Treat that field planting selects kind raw Cao's apricot field planting in strong sprout in pure 2 years then mid-January in greenhouse by solar heat, carry out seed rearing;
2) field planting late April is then selected young sprout 6-8 that direction, angle and growing way are suitable and cultivates as major branch, and all the other tree-like prunings of erasing adopt spindles, and pinching when young sprout grows to 40cm, inspires Secondary Branch;
3) field planting is at the beginning of 5 months then and respectively carry out one time soil topdressing at the beginning of 6 months, and urea 50g is executed in strain, and the urea of foliage-spray 0.3% each once, make to set body and accelerate growth, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 7-8 month 2 times, suppress growth, to form more bud; Execute farmyard manure mid-September, execute the barnyard manure 2000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed for every mu, and mixed fruit-specific fertilizer 50kg;
4) canopy maintenance indoor temperature 0-5 ℃ is detained in field planting then mid-November, make it enter ahead of time dormancy, after having spent by the end of December physiological dormancy, heat up, temperature is controlled at 10-12 ℃, after this with 7 Tian Weiyige units, after each unit, raise 2 ℃, until after field planting after 30-35 days temperature be elevated to 18-20 ℃, stop the constant of holding temperature that heat up;
5) flower thinning not after field planting Second Year enters flowering stage, after fallen flowers, two weeks starts fruit thinning, in two weeks, has dredged, dredges prevent or cure a disease wormed fruit, malformed fruit, overstocked fruit and fruitlet, and long fruit branch stays 3-4, and really medium fruit branch stays 2 fruits, and fruit spur stays a fruit;
6) field planting Second Year enters Fruit after date, temperature in greenhouse by solar heat is increased to 25-30 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 50-60%, and every mu imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 250kg, the urea that spray in every 10 days is one time 0.3% and 0.3% biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer, promote fruit growth;
7) April of field planting Second Year, fruit maturation, enters the picking period, after harvesting, Nursery stock transplanting is cultivated in the plot outside greenhouse by solar heat, and cultivates and do soil preparation for next circulation.
2. the high-yield cultivation method of Cao's apricot as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, during described Cao's apricot field planting in strong sprout, and seeding row spacing 1m * 1m or 1m * 1.5m, 440 strain-666 strains of planting in the greenhouse by solar heat of every mu.
3. the high-yield cultivation method of Cao's apricot as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described Cao's apricot strong sprout, its height more than 1.2m, the diel that is soaked in water before cultivation, then carry out libation at an ancient wedding ceremony root with the mud that is added with root-growing agent.
4. the high-yield cultivation method of Cao's apricot as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described mud comprises that mass percent is 48-50% water, the fine earth of 48-50%, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate micro polynary composite fertilizer of 1-2%; Described root-growing agent is the alcoholic solution containing 1.5g methyl α-naphthyl acetate.
5. the high-yield cultivation method of Cao's apricot as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described flowering stage, put into honeybee and carry out spontaneous pollination, and with comprising that volume ratio is that 0.3% the urea of 1:1 and the foliage fertilizer of 0.3% borax spray, and has additional nutrients.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123407A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 铜仁市万山区万兴珍禽生态养殖农民专业合作社 | Nai-plum planting method |
| CN105660299A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-06-15 | 民勤县惠农生产资料有限公司 | Cultivation method of golden Katy apricots |
| CN106664923A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-17 | 镇江市丹徒区艺之林林果专业合作社 | Planting method for planting Liguang apricot after soil fermentation |
| CN113767796A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-10 | 陕西省商洛市植保植检站 | Whole-process green prevention and control method for root rot and fusarium wilt of salvia miltiorrhiza |
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2013
- 2013-02-20 CN CN201310053631.5A patent/CN103988742A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123407A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 铜仁市万山区万兴珍禽生态养殖农民专业合作社 | Nai-plum planting method |
| CN105123407B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2019-04-05 | 贵州科睿捷信息技术有限公司 | It is a kind of how the implantation methods of Lee |
| CN105660299A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-06-15 | 民勤县惠农生产资料有限公司 | Cultivation method of golden Katy apricots |
| CN106664923A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-17 | 镇江市丹徒区艺之林林果专业合作社 | Planting method for planting Liguang apricot after soil fermentation |
| CN106664923B (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2019-06-14 | 镇江市丹徒区艺之林林果专业合作社 | The implantation methods of Li Guangxing are planted after a kind of fermentation of soil |
| CN113767796A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-10 | 陕西省商洛市植保植检站 | Whole-process green prevention and control method for root rot and fusarium wilt of salvia miltiorrhiza |
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Application publication date: 20140820 |