CN105660299A

CN105660299A - Cultivation method of golden Katy apricots

Info

Publication number: CN105660299A
Application number: CN201610169884.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王玉文; 王娅琼; 俞学林; 李瑞彬
Original assignee: Minqin County Huinong Produce Information Co Ltd
Current assignee: Minqin County Huinong Produce Information Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-03-23
Filing date: 2016-03-23
Publication date: 2016-06-15

Abstract

The invention relates to a cultivation method of golden Katy apricots. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: (1) adopting a full-steel frame double-slope greenhouse for cultivation, wherein the plant and row spacing during field planting is 1.3m*1,4m; (2) setting average daily temperature in the greenhouse to be 7 to 10 DEG C before inflorescence separation; (3) setting the temperature in the greenhouse to be 11 to 13 DEG C during a flowering period, carrying out artificial and supplementary pollination from 8 a.m. to 11 a.m. in the morning every day in the greenhouse while pollination is carried out, and adopting a writing brush to dropwise pollinate flowers one by one; (4) setting the temperature in the greenhouse to be 13 to 16 DEG C during a young fruit period, and determining fruit setting quantity according to tree age, tree vigor and strength of fruiting branches, wherein 3 to 4 fruits can be reserved on each long fruit branch, 2 to 3 fruits can be reserved on each medium fruit branch, and 1 to 2 fruits or no fruit can be reserved on each short fruit branch. According to the cultivation method disclosed by the invention, the temperature in the greenhouse in each time period is controlled reasonably, the plant growth is strong, fertilizer application is reasonable, the yield is higher than that of other greenhouses by 20 percent, and peach fruits produced through cultivation are better in qualities such as fruit quality, flavor and color.

Description

A kind of cultural method of gold Katy apricot

Technical field

The present invention relates to cultural method, be specifically related to the cultural method of a kind of gold Katy apricot.

Background technology

" gold Kate " is innovated growth by Kate, belongs to early-maturing variety. Fruit properties: fruit is big, subcircular, and stitching thread is shallow, epidermis is bright and clean, single fruit weight 119 grams, mean fruit weight 92 grams, maximum fruit weighs 183 grams, and peel is in golden yellow, and during full maturity, sunny side has red rosy clouds, sarcocarp Chinese red, meat is thick, exquisite quality, juice enriches, sour-sweet tasty and refreshing, pure in mouth feel, fragranced is dense, freestone. Quality is splendid. Not shedding before adopting, resistance to accumulating. Growth stage division: resistance, strong adaptability, yielding ability is strong. When year's harvest flower after rapid-result Seedling cultivation, Second Year Flowering Plants rate reaches 100% with strain rate of bearing fruit, and within the 4th year, enters high yield period, and per mu yield is up to 3000 kilograms. From bow structure fruit, early, fruit development period about 70 days, mid-June is ripe, and the period of maturation shifts to an earlier date 30～40 days than outdoor cropping for result. Economic benefit improves 10～15 times.

But prior art exists following technical problem: temperature each period control in greenhouse is not good causes that plant strain growth is undesirable, and fertilizer applying is unreasonable and P in soil H-number is unreasonable is easily caused the underproduction.

Summary of the invention

For above above-mentioned prior art problem, the present invention proposes the cultural method of a kind of gold Katy apricot, and concrete technical scheme is as follows:

The cultural method of a kind of gold Katy apricot, comprises the steps:

(1) all steel frame Shuan Po greenhouse is adopted to cultivate, seeding row spacing 1.3 meters × 1.4 meters during field planting;

(2) inflorescence separates in front greenhouse and arranges day samming 7-10 DEG C;

(3) temperature 11-13 DEG C is arranged in greenhouse in florescence;

(4) temperature 13-16 DEG C is arranged in young fruit period greenhouse.

Further, in step (3), when pollinating, the artificial supplementary pollination during every day of the morning 8～11 in booth, adopt brush pen by Hua Dianshou.

Further, in step (4), fruit amount is stayed to determine according to the age of tree, tree vigo(u)r and fruitful branch power: long fruit branch stays 3～4 fruits, 2～3 fruits of medium fruit branch, 1～2 fruit of fruit spur or do not stay fruit.

Further, fruit thinning carries out for about 20 days after spending.

Further, between step (1) and (2), farther include button canopy step.

Further, between step (2) and (3), farther include button canopy step.

Further, button canopy step includes: the button canopy time is late December, 20～30 days tree dish overlay films before button canopy.

Further, by the end of April and/or when daily mean temperature reaches more than 15 DEG C, fruit, close to ripe, takes off canopy.

Further, greenhouse booth length 58 meters described in step (1), span 18 meters, ridge is high 4.5 meters, floor space 1044 square metres, plants apricot 573 strain in each greenhouse; Step (2), (3), in (4), do not exceed 25 DEG C daytime, when night, temperature of shed was down to below 7 DEG C, adopt stove to heat up.

Further, before plantation, first process soil in greenhouse, apply organic fertilizer 0.8 ton/mu and mix with topsoil, organic fertilizer contains chicken manure 15 parts according to weight proportion, Chinese medicine slag 12 parts, 3 parts of carbamide, corn straw 25 parts, cotton seed hull 11 parts, 10 parts of water, Semen Maydis powder 8 parts, barnyard manure 10 parts, 6 parts of wheat bran, young plant root does not contact organic fertilizer; After organic fertilizer mixes three days with topsoil, spraying soft plantation white sugar aqueous solution, every liter of water adds soft plantation white sugar 9 grams; Combine to water every mu before blooming and execute NPK 21 kilograms; Florescence executes phosphate fertilizer, and every mu is discharged organic fertilizer 180 kilograms; Fruiting period potassium application, every mu is discharged organic fertilizer 180 kilograms, is sprayed water 2 times by the atomization shower nozzle of canopy every day simultaneously, 2 minor ticks more than 8 hours; Plucking after fruit terminates and spray an organic fertilizer immediately, organic fertilizer contains 3 parts of carbamide, corn straw 25 parts, cotton seed hull 20 parts, 20 parts of water, Semen Maydis powder 20 parts, 12 parts of wheat bran according to weight proportion.

Compared with currently available technology, temperature indoor temperature of the present invention each period controls rationally, and plant strain growth is vigorous, and fertilizer applies rationally, and yield is higher than other greenhouses 20%, the peach fruit that cultivation produces, and the quality such as its meat, local flavor, color and luster is more preferably.

Detailed description of the invention

Describing the present invention below, it is a kind of preferred embodiment in numerous embodiments of the present invention.

Building canopy specification: greenhouse all steel frame Shuan Po greenhouse, canopy length 58 meters, span 18 meters, ridge is high 4.5 meters, floor space 1044 square metres (about 1.56 mu), apricot 573 strain of planting.

Planting density: adopt planting culture, seeding row spacing 1.3 meters × 1.4 meters during field planting.

Temperature treatment: temperature controlling range inflorescence separation samming day before yesterday 7-10 DEG C, florescence 11-13 DEG C, young fruit period 13-16 DEG C, daytime does not generally exceed 25 DEG C. At night, when temperature of shed is down to below 7 DEG C, available stove heats up. 20～30 days tree dish overlay films before button canopy, after can making button canopy, ground temperature keeps higher level, it is to avoid temperature is high, ground temperature is low grows the adverse effect caused to Growth status. The suitable button canopy time is late December. Daily mean temperature reaches more than 15 DEG C by the end of April, and fruit takes off canopy close to time ripe.

Flower and fruit management: (1) artificial pollination. In booth, relative air humidity is big, and pollen not easily spreads, and insect pollinator is few again, and natural fruit-setting rate is low, therefore should the artificial supplementary pollination when the morning 8～11 every day, award by flower point with brush pen. (2) strict fruit thinning. If gold Katy apricot is beared fruit too much, tree vigo(u)r is very easily weak. Staying fruit amount should determine according to the age of tree, tree vigo(u)r and fruitful branch power, general long fruit branch stays 3～4 fruits, 2～3 fruits of medium fruit branch, 1～2 fruit of fruit spur or do not stay fruit. Fruit thinning is typically in spending carry out for latter about 20 days.

Above the present invention is exemplarily described; the obvious present invention implements and is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the various improvement that the design of the method for the present invention carries out with technical scheme, or not improved that directly apply to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. the cultural method of a golden Katy apricot, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:

(3) temperature 11-13 DEG C is arranged in greenhouse in florescence;

(4) temperature 13-16 DEG C is arranged in young fruit period greenhouse.

2. the cultural method of gold Katy apricot as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), when pollinating, the artificial supplementary pollination during every day of the morning 8～11 in booth, adopt brush pen by Hua Dianshou.

3. the cultural method of gold Katy apricot as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, in step (4), stay fruit amount to determine according to the age of tree, tree vigo(u)r and fruitful branch power: long fruit branch stays 3～4 fruits, 2～3 fruits of medium fruit branch, 1～2 fruit of fruit spur or do not stay fruit.

4. the cultural method of the golden Katy apricot as described in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that fruit thinning carries out for about 20 days after spending.

5. the cultural method of the golden Katy apricot as described in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that farther include button canopy step between step (1) and (2).

6. the cultural method of the golden Katy apricot as described in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that farther include button canopy step between step (2) and (3).

7. the cultural method of the golden Katy apricot as described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that button canopy step includes: the button canopy time is late December, 20～30 days tree dish overlay films before button canopy.

8. the cultural method of gold Katy apricot as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that by the end of April and/or when daily mean temperature reaches more than 15 DEG C, fruit, close to ripe, takes off canopy.

9. the cultural method of the golden Katy apricot as described in claim 1-8, it is characterised in that greenhouse booth length 58 meters described in step (1), span 18 meters, ridge is high 4.5 meters, floor space 1044 square metres, plants apricot 573 strain in each greenhouse; Step (2), (3), in (4), do not exceed 25 DEG C daytime, when night, temperature of shed was down to below 7 DEG C, adopt stove to heat up.

10. the cultural method of the golden Katy apricot as described in claim 1-9, it is characterised in that first process soil in greenhouse before plantation, applying organic fertilizer 0.8 ton/mu to mix with topsoil, organic fertilizer contains chicken manure 15 parts, Chinese medicine slag 12 parts according to weight proportion, 3 parts of carbamide, corn straw 25 parts, cotton seed hull 11 parts, 10 parts of water, Semen Maydis powder 8 parts, barnyard manure 10 parts, 6 parts of wheat bran, young plant root does not contact organic fertilizer; After organic fertilizer mixes three days with topsoil, spraying soft plantation white sugar aqueous solution, every liter of water adds soft plantation white sugar 9 grams; Combine to water every mu before blooming and execute NPK 21 kilograms; Florescence executes phosphate fertilizer, and every mu is discharged organic fertilizer 180 kilograms; Fruiting period potassium application, every mu is discharged organic fertilizer 180 kilograms, is sprayed water 2 times by the atomization shower nozzle of canopy every day simultaneously, 2 minor ticks more than 8 hours; Plucking after fruit terminates and spray an organic fertilizer immediately, organic fertilizer contains 3 parts of carbamide, corn straw 25 parts, cotton seed hull 20 parts, 20 parts of water, Semen Maydis powder 20 parts, 12 parts of wheat bran according to weight proportion.