CN1196876A

CN1196876A - Early-maturing culture tech. used in plastic shed

Info

Publication number: CN1196876A
Application number: CN97105822A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯殿齐; 王玉山
Original assignee: TAIAN INST OF FORESTRY
Current assignee: TAIAN INST OF FORESTRY
Priority date: 1997-04-18
Filing date: 1997-04-18
Publication date: 1998-10-28
Anticipated expiration: 2017-04-18
Also published as: CN1079006C

Abstract

An early-mature cultivate technique using big plastic shed for apricot tree features time control to put up plastic shed and temp and use of a pollimation method to avoid freezing damage during flower stage, increase fruit bearing rate and make fruit mature earlier.

Description

Apricot plastic tunnel ealy maturing culture technology

The invention belongs to the fruit growing field, specifically a kind of apricot greenhouse cultivation technology.

Utilize booth to carry out that fruit growing is domestic have been carried out for many years, now compared the peach that has of successfully also promoting aborning, cherry, grape etc., and only be under field conditions (factors) cultivation to apricot, because the cultivation of apricot has the freeze injury at apricot florescence and the flowers are in blossom completely sets the result and know clearly under field conditions (factors), make the perfect flower ratio of apricot low, cause the apricot percentage of fertile fruit few, yield poorly.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of freeze injury that prevents the apricot florescence, improve perfect flower ratio and the percentage of fertile fruit of apricot, increase output, make the apricot greenhouse cultivation technology of apricot precocity.

The present invention is achieved in that plastic tunnel is a bamboo wood, and xoncrete structure is the booth of not heating.The Jian Peng place will be chosen in wind sheltering, on the sunny side, sunshine abundance the place, physical features is smooth, and soil property should not be sticking excessively, traffic convenience, near the water source, the booth direction prolongs with thing, because of the apricot height big, generally require the high 1.6-1.8 rice of south minimum point, the booth peak is a 3-3.3 rice, and the canopy film is selected the polyethylene dripless film for use, ventilating opening is located on the wall of back, and high 1.4-1.7 rice can utilize existing apricot garden to build the apricot booth, also can be, but density is advisable with 2 * 3 meters for the newly-built apricot of greenhouse cultivation garden, and cultivate and become to hang down that to do short hat tree-like, must select the maturing stage early, colory kind is as red pocket, two flower Cao, bactrian camel gallstone, Venus, the headstock apricot, Mai Huangxing etc., shedding time is to be advisable 1-January 10 January, if covered early, apricot does not finish dormancy, the depauperation of apricot bud, it is irregular to bloom, and percentage of fertile fruit is low; If lid is late, then can prolong maturation time, do not reach listing as early as possible, the purpose of increasing economic efficiency, best shedding time are that apricot finishes in time to cover canopy after the dormancy, and the time that apricot finishes dormancy is at the beginning of 1 month by the end of December, temperature control comprises temperature and ground temperature, temperature is lower than 0 ℃ the flowers and fruits phenomenon can occur freezing, and temperature Tai Gaoyi causes fruit drop serious, and can cause blade to burn, influence tree bulk-growth, according to the apricot growth and development characteristics, it is divided into flower in earlier stage, flowering stage, the first ramp phase, the stone phase, the second ramp phase, it is as follows that the implementation alternating temperature is managed its actual temp claimed range:

Pollinating method can adopt honeybee pollination or artificial pollination, artificial pollination will be adopted the pollen of different cultivars earlier, in the pollination in time in back 4 hours of blooming, point is awarded, spray is awarded and all can, honeybee pollination must be prior to putting bee box in the greenhouse before blooming in 1-2 days, honeybee is released after blooming, water and fertilizer management is the time of the year when autumn changes into winter before the lid canopy, use sufficient base fertilizer and water permeable again, water water again one time behind the lid canopy, for strengthening tree vigo(u)r, reduce physiological fallen fruit, carry out foliage spray in the fruit phase, urea or the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of main spray 0.1-0.3%, spray in every 7-10 days once.

The present invention is according to technique scheme, solved the apricot florescence freeze injury problem that apricot tree cultivation exists under the natural conditions, by suitable temperature control and pollinating method, make apricot spend teleianthous ratio to improve, reached the purpose that improves output, apricot is grown in booth, than extending vegetative period 30-50 days under field conditions (factors), the tree body can accumulate more nutrition, thereby the enhancing tree vigo(u)r can improve the perfect flower ratio, and abortion flower ratio reduces greatly, improved percentage of fertile fruit effectively, because adopt greenhouse cultivation to make apricot than ripe Zao under field conditions (factors), listing has early improved economic benefit, for wealth accumulation in rural areas provides a new technology, be worth promoting.

Claims

1. apricot plastic tunnel ealy maturing culture technology, plastic tunnel is selected the polyethylene dripless film for use, and at wind sheltering sufficient place at sunshine, soil property should not be sticking excessively, traffic convenience, near the water source, booth prolongs with thing, the high 1.6-1.8 rice of south minimum point, peak is a 3-3.3 rice, ventilating opening is located on the wall of back, high 1.4-1.7 rice, and the density of apricot is advisable with 2 * 3 meters and is cultivated that to become hang down dried short hat tree-like, select the maturing stage early, colory kind, as red pocket, two flower Cao, bactrian camel gallstone, Venus, headstock apricot, Mai Huangxing etc., the time of the year when autumn changes into winter will use sufficient base fertilizer and water permeable before the lid canopy, water water again one time behind the lid canopy, the fruit phase is carried out foliage spray, mainly sprays urea or the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.1-0.3%, spray in every 7-10 days once, its starting point is shedding time to be advisable 1-January 10 January, promptly finishes in time to cover canopy at the beginning of 1 month by the end of December resting stage with apricot, and temperature controlling range is as follows: Adopt artificial pollination or honeybee pollination, the pollen of different cultivars is adopted in artificial pollination earlier, pollination in time in 4 hours after flowering stage, point is awarded, spray award all can, honeybee pollination must be put beehive in the greenhouse prior to 1-2 days flowering stage, honeybee was released after blooming to get final product again.