CN101543176B - Method for cultivating early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees - Google Patents
Method for cultivating early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN101543176B CN101543176B CN2009100944498A CN200910094449A CN101543176B CN 101543176 B CN101543176 B CN 101543176B CN 2009100944498 A CN2009100944498 A CN 2009100944498A CN 200910094449 A CN200910094449 A CN 200910094449A CN 101543176 B CN101543176 B CN 101543176B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees, which comprises the following steps: field planting of tree seedlings; tip-promotion fertilization after the tree seedlings survive; applying compound fertilizer to roots according to the amount of between 20 and 30 grams per plant before sprouting; pinching when young sprouts grow to form 4 to 8 pieces of leaves, and pinching again when the young sprouts after the pinching have 2 to 3 new sprouts; and continuously pinching until the tree seedlings grow into a fruit high-yield period. The method can effectively keep the relative balance of reproductive growth and vegetation growth of the young lemon trees, cultivate branch tip groups with fewer tree crown skeleton branch levels and appropriate lengths, shorten the vegetation growth time, and can blossom and grow fruits in 8 to 10 months after the field planting; and the year yield can reach 100 to 300 kilograms per mou, the second year yield can reach between 1,000 and 1,500 kilograms per mou, the fourth year yield can reach between 4,000 and 5,000 kilograms per mou, the harvest time can be advanced by 2 to 3 years compared with that of the traditional cultivation method, and the production investment can be reduced by more than 30 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of lemon type, especially a kind of breeding method of early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees type belongs to field of plant growing technology.
Background technology
The lemon growth is vigorous, and branch is taken out and sent out often, takes out the amount of giving birth to greatly, often need carry out trimming and finishing.Traditional trimming and finishing method, not only take a lot of work, time-consuming, the expense agricultural chemicals, the expense fertilizer, and it is strong easily to form branch eccentric growth gesture, make lemon plant tall and big, nourish and grow and the reproductive growth imbalance, cause difficulty as a result for a moment, fruit-setting rate low (average per unit area yield is lower than 200--300kg/ mu), fresh fruit is of poor quality, problems such as management cost height; Two treelet is early tied is early ageing, and vigorous because of nourishing and growing when treating to yield positive results in 3～4 years, the tree body is too tall and big, lemon fresh fruit bagging difficulty, and also fruit is less and excessive, is not easy to the extermination of disease and insect pest simultaneously, increases problems such as cost.Therefore, change traditional lemon shaping and trimming method, make full use of lemon physiology, growth characteristics, cultivate and early tie high grade producing lemon type, become solve the lemon treelet as a result difficulty, yield poorly, poor quality and the high technical measures of management cost.
Summary of the invention
For overcome existing lemon treelet as a result evening, as a result difficulty, yield poorly, poor quality, the high deficiency of management cost, the invention provides a kind of breeding method of early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees type.
The present invention, inspires following 2～3 buds of terminal bud and terminal bud and sprouts simultaneously to suppress the growth of lemon branch terminal bud by selecting and repeatedly tender tip pinching, with bud picking thin branch of generation, for lopping, reduce tree body nutritive loss with pinching, concentrated nutrient inspires the brachyplast tip, finally turns out short fruit bearing shoot group.
The present invention specifically finishes by following technical proposal: a kind of breeding method of early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees, comprise sapling field planting step, and the short tip fertilising step after sapling survives is characterized in that also comprising the following steps:
A, take out the tip before, by the amount of 20～30g/ strain, in conjunction with pouring water or applying composite fertilizer, pinching when the tender tip grows to 4～8 leaves on every side in rhizosphere during ground moistening;
Before B, the tender tip after pinching are taken out the tip,,, take out when the tender tip and give birth to 2～3 young sprouts of formation in conjunction with pouring water or around rhizosphere, applying composite fertilizer during ground moistening by the amount of 20～30g/ strain, and the pinching once more when growing 4～8 leaves of each young sprout;
C, repeat the B step to growth of seedling to yielding positive results, and when yielding positive results, take out the tip with the tender tip, before the tender tip was taken out the tip, according to treelet growing way and result quantities decision fertilising, tree vigo(u)r was prosperous result do not execute less, the weak result of tree vigo(u)r presses the amount of 20～30g/ strain more, in conjunction with pouring water or around rhizosphere, applying composite fertilizer during ground moistening, take out to give birth to when the tender tip and form 2～3 young sprouts, and the pinching when growing 4～8 leaves of each young sprout, so continuously pinching grows into fruit high yield period until sapling.
During described pinching, keep the tender stem of 0.3-1.0CM between pinching place and left last leaf.
Described composite fertilizer is commercial N15/P15/K15 composite fertilizer, perhaps N21/P9/K15 composite fertilizer.
The line-spacing of described sapling field planting is controlled at 3～4m, and spacing in the rows is controlled at 2～3.5m, and mu is planted and is controlled at 47～111 strain/mus.
Short tip fertilising after sapling survives is undertaken by the conventional method of prior art.
Sapling grows into fruit after high yield period, manages according to a conventional method.
In the described C step, after lemon fruit result and the maturation, get final product fruit picking, after the fruit picking, result's branch returned according to a conventional method cut, the size of controlling tree crown is 4-9m
2
The present invention has following advantage and effect: adopt such scheme, promptly by tender tip pinching breeding method, the relative equilibrium that can effectively keep lemon treelet reproductive growth and nourish and grow, it is inferior few to cultivate tree crown skeleton branch level, the branch group of suitable length, take out simultaneously and give birth to soon, often, shortened the time of nourishing and growing, saved nutrient consumption, make the nutriment savings in the tree body many, the compact branch of tree type is short, for reproductive growth creates favorable conditions, field planting can be yielded positive results in 8～10 months, when annual production can reach 100～300kg/ mu, can reach 1000～1500kg/ mu in 1 year, can reach 2000～2500kg/ mu on the 3rd year, the 4th annual production reaches 4000～5000kg/ mu, shift to an earlier date 2～3 year than the traditional cultivation method harvest time, and can reduce to produce and drop into more than 30%, especially suppress its vigorous nourishing and growing with treelet precocity fruiting, make the growth and the fresh fruit growth of lemon treelet tree body synchronous, thereby improved water and fertilizer utilization effectively, make and keep comparatively reasonably space between the plant, improved field ventilation and penetrating light condition, make fruit can the tree body in, on outer the reaching, under the shape that is evenly distributed, so that dense planting, preventing disease pest control and water and fertilizer management are for the operation of fresh fruit bagging is provided convenience.The suitable soil texture of the present invention is better, and apply in the deeper lemon producing region of plow layer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is sapling structural representation before the pinching of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is sapling structural representation after the pinching of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1 for the pinching position, and 2 are the tender stem between pinching place and left last leaf, and 3,4,5 is the position of pinching once more of taking out living young sprout after the pinching.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.
A, be that 3 meters, spacing in the rows are 2 meters and carry out field planting by line-spacing, plant 111 strains for every mu lemon seedlings;
After b, field planting survive, reach the conventional amount used fertilising according to a conventional method, to inspire the branch growth;
C, take out the tip before, press the amount of 10g/ strain, in conjunction with pouring water or around rhizosphere, applying N15/P15/K15 composite fertilizer during ground moistening, pinching when the tender tip grows to 6 leaves, the tender stem that has 0.8cm during pinching between control pinching place and left last leaf, the tender improperly tip of the adnation position of erasing simultaneously is as Fig. 1;
Before d, the tender tip after pinching are taken out the tip, press the amount of 15g/ strain, in conjunction with pouring water or around rhizosphere, applying N15/P15/K15 composite fertilizer during ground moistening, when the tender tip is taken out living 3 young sprouts that form, and pinching once more when each young sprout grows 6 leaves, have the tender stem of 0.8cm during pinching between control pinching place and left last leaf, the tender improperly tip of the adnation position of erasing simultaneously is as Fig. 2;
E, repeat the d step to growth of seedling to yielding positive results, and when yielding positive results, take out the tip with the tender tip, before the tender tip is taken out the tip, press the amount of 20g/ strain, in conjunction with pouring water or around rhizosphere, applying N15/P15/K15 composite fertilizer during ground moistening, when the tender tip is taken out living 2 young sprouts that form, and pinching once more when each young sprout grows 6 leaves, the tender stem that has 0.8cm during pinching between control pinching place and left last leaf, the tender improperly tip of the adnation position of erasing simultaneously, pinching so continuously, grow into fruit after high yield period until sapling, carry out the field management of lemon according to a conventional method, after the fruit picking, result's branch returned according to a conventional method cut, the size of tree crown controlled well is 4m
2
A, be that 4 meters, spacing in the rows are 3 meters and carry out field planting by line-spacing, plant 55 strains for every mu lemon seedlings;
After b, field planting survive, reach the conventional amount used fertilising according to a conventional method, to inspire the branch growth;
C, take out the tip before, press the amount of 20g/ strain, in conjunction with pouring water or around rhizosphere, applying N21/P9/K15 composite fertilizer during ground moistening, pinching when the tender tip grows to 6 leaves, the tender stem that has 0.4cm during pinching between control pinching place and left last leaf, the tender improperly tip of the adnation position of erasing simultaneously is as Fig. 1;
Before d, the tender tip after pinching are taken out the tip, press the amount of 30g/ strain, in conjunction with pouring water or around rhizosphere, applying N21/P9/K15 composite fertilizer during ground moistening, when the tender tip is taken out living 3 young sprouts that form, and pinching once more when each young sprout grows 6 leaves, have the tender stem of 0.4cm during pinching between control pinching place and left last leaf, the tender improperly tip of the adnation position of erasing simultaneously is as Fig. 2;
E, repeat the d step to growth of seedling to yielding positive results, and when yielding positive results, take out the tip with the tender tip, before the tender tip was taken out the tip, according to treelet growing way and result quantities decision fertilising, tree vigo(u)r was prosperous result do not execute less; The weak result of tree vigo(u)r presses the amount of 30g/ strain more, in conjunction with pouring water or around rhizosphere, applying N21/P9/K15 composite fertilizer during ground moistening, when the tender tip is taken out living 2 young sprouts that form, and pinching once more when each young sprout grows 6 leaves, the tender stem that has 0.4cm during pinching between control pinching place and left last leaf, the tender improperly tip of the adnation position of erasing simultaneously, pinching so continuously, grow into fruit after high yield period until sapling, carry out the field management of lemon according to a conventional method, in addition after the fruit picking, result's branch returned according to a conventional method cut, the size of tree crown controlled well is 9m
2
Claims (3)
1. the breeding method of an early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees type comprises sapling field planting step, and the short tip fertilising step after sapling survives is characterized in that also comprising the following steps:
A, take out the tip before, by the amount of 20～30g/ strain, apply composite fertilizer in root, pinching when the tender tip grows to 4～8 leaves during pinching, has the tender stem of 0.3-1.0cm between control pinching place and left last leaf;
Before B, the tender tip after pinching are taken out the tip,, apply composite fertilizer, take out to give birth to when the tender tip and form 2～3 young sprouts in root by the amount of 20～30g/ strain, and the pinching once more when growing 4～8 leaves of each young sprout;
C, repeat the B step to growth of seedling to yielding positive results, and when yielding positive results, take out the tip with the tender tip, before the tender tip is taken out the tip, amount by 20～30g/ strain, apply composite fertilizer in root, take out when the tender tip and give birth to form 2～3 young sprouts, and the pinching when growing 4～8 leaves of each young sprout, so continuously pinching grows into fruit high yield period until sapling.
2. the breeding method of early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees type as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the line-spacing of described sapling field planting is controlled at 3～4m, and spacing in the rows is controlled at 2～3.5m, and mu is planted and is controlled at 47～111 strain/mus.
3. the breeding method of early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees type as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the described C step, and lemon treelet result and ripe back fruit picking after the fruit picking, are returned according to a conventional method result's branch and to be cut, and the size of controlling tree crown is 4-9m
2
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100944498A CN101543176B (en) | 2009-05-11 | 2009-05-11 | Method for cultivating early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees |
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| CN2009100944498A CN101543176B (en) | 2009-05-11 | 2009-05-11 | Method for cultivating early-harvesting high-quality high-yield lemon trees |
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| CN101543176A CN101543176A (en) | 2009-09-30 |
| CN101543176B true CN101543176B (en) | 2011-09-07 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103460950B (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2015-06-24 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method for picking fresh fruits of winter flowered and summer ripened lemons in batches |
| CN106212228A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 玉林市武宁油茶种植有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Fructus Citri Limoniae |
| CN106211898A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | Fructus Citri Limoniae treelet rich water quality management method |
| CN107258445A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-10-20 | 凯里学院 | A kind of blueberry treelet early fruiting and high yield Cultivate administration method |
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Owner name: YUNNAN HONGRUI LEMON DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: HONGRUI LEMON RESEARCH INSTITUTE;YUNNAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Effective date: 20130123 |
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Effective date of registration: 20130123 Address after: 678600 Yunnan Province, Ruili Jin Dian Road No. 6 Patentee after: Yunnan HR Lemon Development Co., Ltd. Address before: 678600 Yunnan province Ruili road this auspicious Lane No. 3 Patentee before: Hongrui Lemon Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
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Granted publication date: 20110907 Termination date: 20160511 |