CN106416487B - A kind of soil improvement method of bird king tea - Google Patents

A kind of soil improvement method of bird king tea Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106416487B
CN106416487B CN201610794042.6A CN201610794042A CN106416487B CN 106416487 B CN106416487 B CN 106416487B CN 201610794042 A CN201610794042 A CN 201610794042A CN 106416487 B CN106416487 B CN 106416487B
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parts
tea
soil
bird king
bird
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CN106416487A (en
Inventor
张珍明
张家春
贺红早
刘盈盈
张玉武
黄冬福
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Guizhou Institute of Biology
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Guizhou Institute of Biology
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00Agricultural use

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of soil improvement methods of bird king tea,This method uses maize straw,Straw,Mushroom bran,Cow dung,Detritus soil,Low-quality phosphorus ore etc. passes through microbial fermentation,Soil physico-chemical property (porosity is improved by applying method application bird king tea place in spring and autumn,Water content,Mineral nutrient etc.),Not only reduce production cost,Improve bird king's tea yield,And the method for the present invention is easy to operate,It is easy to spread,Soil porosity 5~10% is improved than conventional method,Improve soil agreegate 3~5%,Increase soil moisture content 5~8%,Reduce the soil weight 10%,Reduce production cost 20%,Shorten fermentation time 10 days or more,Improve 15 kgs/acre of bird king tea spring tea yield,20 kgs/acre of autumn tea yield,Improve tea place resistance 10%,Prevent the use of agriculture chemical,And it is easy to operate etc..

Description

A kind of soil improvement method of bird king tea
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil improvement methods of bird king tea, belong to technical field of land improvement.
Background technology
Bird king tea because the high half way up the mountain one of more than 1500 meters of cloud and mist the foot of a mountain height above sea level for originating in Guiding County cloud and mist town with due to gain the name, again It is also known as " bird king tea " due to looking up at Miao ethnic group's mountain vallage because originating in.Bird king tea as good merchantable brand in tea, be it is high, high in quality by local grade, The good bird king of physical and chemical index, which plants, to be determined, before more than 2000 years, since original ancient tea tree to artificial cultivation just, and create A series of well-known teas, just have become tribute, before the 1970s, since yield is few, general resident is difficult in period in the Qing Dynasty It is tasted.Bird king tea just has become tribute caffein product early in Sheng Tang's period, between Ming Dynasty's Wanli year year《Kweiyang mansion will》(volume of consuming goods) It records:" Qian Sheng, which respectively belongs to, all produces tea, and only Guiding cloud and mist is most notable ", Qing Dynasty's period becomes one of national eight famous teas.Bird king tea is early Just as tribute, it is rare kind rare in tea in the Yuan Dynasty.Bird king place kind is unique precious local breeding, partly Arbor, mesophyll are thick, bud-leaf is green, fine hair is more, and plant tealeaves with bird king has unique perfume (or spice) with manufactured sample tea in process Gas.
Bird king's tea is best in quality, with a long history, is one of the well-known tea in Guizhou Province, has in local economy social development There are consequence and effect, state of development to have great importance to revitalizing entire Guizhou Province's tea economy, to promote to work as Ground Economy of agriculture and countryside structure, increases farmers' income, and pushs forward the building of a new socialist countryside and provides new direction.
Because the quality of bird king's tea is more unique, local government widelys popularize plantation in Guizhou, still, does not focus on science skill Art blindly expands Tea planting area, cannot not only play good effect of increasing production, but also also cause the harm such as soil erosion Frequently occur, it is serious to destroy natural ecological environment.Meanwhile half way up the mountain the foot of a mountain that king's tea is high because originating in more than 1500 meters of height above sea level, Growth conditions is extremely harsh, and temperature is low, and soil nutrient utilization rate is low and its severe water and soil erosion.Some scientific research institutions in China The cultivation technique of bird king's tea constantly explore and test with business unit, certain achievement is achieved, but still has The problems such as bird king's tea speed of growth is slow, yield is not high.Present tea tree planting belongs to low altitude area kind mostly in 300~800 meters of height above sea level It plants, and the having differences property of soil of High aititude plantation tea tree and low altitude area plantation tea tree.
The soil amelioration techniques of traditional bird king's tea are by largely using chemical fertilizer come fertilizing soil, and this method is not only not The nutrient of soil can be improved, and soil hardening can be caused, fertilizer is largely lost, and it is low that there are utilization rates, disadvantage of high cost.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome in existing bird king tea planting process, plant recovery of nutrient is low, water and soil stream The defects of serious, of high cost is lost, a kind of soil improvement method of bird king's tea at low cost, easy to operate, party's law technology are provided Simply, easy to spread, production cost is reduced, bird king's tea yield and quality is improved.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:A kind of soil improvement side of bird king tea Method includes the following steps:
(1) agent prescription is improved:Divide calculating by weight, by 1~2 part of 1~2 part of maize straw, beans bar, the grass stalk of crushing 1~2 part, 2~4 parts of cow dung, 3~4 parts of edible fungus bran, 3~5 parts of fertile soil, 1~3 part of low-quality phosphorus ore and rot it is withered 2~3 parts of branch fallen leaves are uniformly mixed, and pH is controlled 5.5~7.0, and it is spare to be placed in long fermentation vat;
(2) microorganism is extracted:It is placed in 3~5 parts of cow dung in sterile triangular flask, 10~15 parts of sterile water is added, 45 It crosses and cultivates through Congo red culture medium again under the conditions of~50 DEG C, after being cultivated 10~15 days in shaken cultivation case, obtain single bacterium colony, Single bacterium colony is chosen to isolate and purify to obtain single cellulose-degrading bacteria;
(3) modifying agent ferments:Cellulose-degrading bacteria is added into 10~15 parts of swill for 0.01~0.03 part, mixing postposition Expand culture 8~12 days under conditions of temperature is 40~45 DEG C, relative humidity is 75~85%, is then mixed into step (1) institute In the improvement agent prescription stated, in fermentation vat temperature control at 25~30 DEG C, relative humidity control 70~80%, keep it is loose, Ventilative, midway turning 2 times is fermented 25~45 days, is macerated after heap decomposes and is applied again;
(4) modifying agent applies:The fine day after the rain in 2 months~March of spring or autumn September~October, along tree crown vertically lower 5~ The positions 10cm trench digging deep placement, ditching depth is 5~10 centimetres, 15~20 centimetres wide, by the modifying agent item after step (3) fermentation Apply rear 1~3cm of earthing.
In improvement agent prescription described in step (1), divide calculating by weight, by 1~2 part of maize straw, the beans bar 1 of crushing ~2 parts, 1~2 part of grass stalk, 2~4 parts of cow dung, 3~4 parts of edible fungus bran, 3~5 parts of fertile soil, 1~3 part of low-quality phosphorus ore, 2~3 parts of rotten dry branches and fallen leaves is uniformly mixed, then with 1~3 part of the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction come control ph, pH controls 5.5~ 7.0, it is spare to be placed in long fermentation vat.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:The present invention is using maize straw, straw, mushroom bran, cow dung, corruption Matter soil, low-quality phosphorus ore etc. improve soil by microbial fermentation, in spring and autumn by applying method application bird king tea place Physicochemical property (porosity, water content, mineral nutrient etc.) not only reduces production cost, improves bird king's tea yield, and the present invention Method it is easy to operate, easy to spread, than conventional method improve soil porosity 5~10%, improve soil agreegate 3~5%, Increase soil moisture content 5~8%, reduce the soil weight 10%, reduce production cost 20%, shortens fermentation time 10 days or more, 15 kgs/acre of bird king tea spring tea yield, 20 kgs/acre of autumn tea yield are improved, tea place resistance 10% is improved, prevents agriculture chemical It uses, and easy to operate etc..Therefore, method of the invention can realize the scale of bird king's tea, industrialization production, be particluarly suitable for The karst Efficient Cultivation of High aititude.
Specific implementation mode
In order to keep the object of the invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, the present invention is made into one with reference to embodiment The detailed description of step.
Embodiment 1
A kind of soil improvement method of bird king tea of the present invention, includes the following steps:
(1) agent prescription is improved:Divide calculating by weight, by 1 part of 1 part of 1 part of maize straw, beans bar, the grass stalk of crushing, ox 2 parts of excrement, 3 parts of edible fungus bran, 3 parts of fertile soil, 1 part of low-quality phosphorus ore and 2 parts rotten of dry branches and fallen leaves are uniformly mixed, pH controls It is spare to be placed in long fermentation vat 5.5 for system;
(2) microorganism is extracted:It is placed in 3 parts of cow dung in sterile triangular flask, 10 parts of sterile water is added, in 45 DEG C of conditions Under, it crosses and cultivates through Congo red culture medium again after being cultivated 10 days in shaken cultivation case, obtain single bacterium colony, choose single bacterium colony separation Purifying obtains single cellulose-degrading bacteria;
(3) modifying agent ferments:Cellulose-degrading bacteria is added into 10 parts of swill for 0.01 part, it is 40 that mixing, which is placed on temperature, DEG C, relative humidity be 75% under conditions of expand culture 8 days, be then mixed into the improvement agent prescription described in step (1), fermentation vat At 25 DEG C, relative humidity control keeps loose, ventilative, midway turning 2 times 70%, ferments 25 days, macerates heap point for interior temperature control Xie Houzai is applied;
(4) modifying agent applies:The fine day after the rain in 2 months spring vertically descends the positions 5cm trench digging deep placement, ditching depth along tree crown Be 5 centimetres, it is 15 centimetres wide, will through step (3) fermentation after modifying agent row replacement after earthing 1cm;
It has been proved by practice that the method for the present invention is easy to operate, easy to spread, soil porosity 5% is improved than conventional method, Soil agreegate 3% is improved, soil moisture content 5% is increased, reduces the soil weight 10%, reduces production cost 20%, shortens hair 10 days ferment time or more improves 15 kgs/acre of bird king tea spring tea yield, 20 kgs/acre of autumn tea yield, improves tea place resistance 10%, prevent the use of agriculture chemical, and easy to operate etc..Therefore, method of the invention can realize the scale of bird king's tea, production Industry metaplasia is produced, and the karst Efficient Cultivation of High aititude is particluarly suitable for.
Embodiment 2
A kind of soil improvement method of bird king tea of the present invention, includes the following steps:
(1) agent prescription is improved:Divide calculating by weight, by 2 parts of 2 parts of 2 parts of maize straw, beans bar, the grass stalk of crushing, ox 4 parts of excrement, 4 parts of edible fungus bran, 5 parts of fertile soil, 3 parts of low-quality phosphorus ore and 3 parts rotten of dry branches and fallen leaves are uniformly mixed, pH controls It is spare to be placed in long fermentation vat 7.0 for system;
(2) microorganism is extracted:It is placed in 5 parts of cow dung in sterile triangular flask, 15 parts of sterile water is added, in 50 DEG C of conditions Under, it crosses and cultivates through Congo red culture medium again after being cultivated 15 days in shaken cultivation case, obtain single bacterium colony, choose single bacterium colony separation Purifying obtains single cellulose-degrading bacteria;
(3) modifying agent ferments:Cellulose-degrading bacteria is added into 15 parts of swill for 0.03 part, it is 45 that mixing, which is placed on temperature, DEG C, relative humidity be 85% under conditions of expand culture 12 days, be then mixed into the improvement agent prescription described in step (1), ferment At 30 DEG C, relative humidity control keeps loose, ventilative, midway turning 2 times 80%, ferments 45 days, macerates heap for temperature control in pond It is applied again after decomposition;
(4) modifying agent applies:The fine day after the rain of autumn September vertically descends the positions 10cm trench digging deep placement, trench digging deep along tree crown Degree be 10 centimetres, it is 20 centimetres wide, will through step (3) fermentation after modifying agent row replacement after earthing 3cm.
It has been proved by practice that the method for the present invention is easy to operate, easy to spread, soil porosity is improved than conventional method 10%, soil agreegate 5% is improved, soil moisture content 8% is increased, reduces the soil weight 15%, reduces production cost 30%, contracting Short fermentation time 12 days or more improves 15 kgs/acre of bird king tea spring tea yield, 20 kgs/acre of autumn tea yield, improves tea place resistance 10%, prevent the use of agriculture chemical, and easy to operate etc..Therefore, method of the invention can realize the scale of bird king's tea, production Industry metaplasia is produced, and the karst Efficient Cultivation of High aititude is particluarly suitable for.
Embodiment 3
A kind of soil improvement method of bird king tea of the present invention, includes the following steps:
(1) agent prescription is improved:Divide calculating by weight, by 1.5 parts of 1.5 parts of maize straw, beans bar, the grass stalk of crushing 1.2 parts, 3 parts of cow dung, 3.5 parts of edible fungus bran, 4 parts of fertile soil, 2 parts of low-quality phosphorus ore, rotten 2.5 parts of mixing of dry branches and fallen leaves Uniformly, then with 2 parts of the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction come control ph, pH is controlled 6.0, and it is spare to be placed in long fermentation vat;
(2) microorganism is extracted:It is placed in 4 parts of cow dung in sterile triangular flask, 12 parts of sterile water is added, in 50 DEG C of conditions Under, it crosses and cultivates through Congo red culture medium again after being cultivated 12 days in shaken cultivation case, obtain single bacterium colony, choose single bacterium colony separation Purifying obtains single cellulose-degrading bacteria;
(3) modifying agent ferments:Cellulose-degrading bacteria is added into 12 parts of swill for 0.02 part, it is 45 that mixing, which is placed on temperature, DEG C, relative humidity be 80% under conditions of expand culture 10 days, be then mixed into the improvement agent prescription described in step (1), ferment At 30 DEG C, relative humidity control keeps loose, ventilative, midway turning 2 times 80%, ferments 45 days, macerates heap for temperature control in pond It is applied again after decomposition;
(4) modifying agent applies:The fine day after the rain in March in spring vertically descends the positions 8cm trench digging deep placement, ditching depth along tree crown Be 8 centimetres, it is 18 centimetres wide, will through step (3) fermentation after modifying agent row replacement after earthing 2cm.
The method of the present invention is easy to operate, easy to spread, improves soil porosity 8% than conventional method, improves soil group Aggressiveness 4% increases soil moisture content 6%, reduces the soil weight 10%, reduces production cost 20%, shortens fermentation time 10 days More than, 15 kgs/acre of bird king tea spring tea yield, 20 kgs/acre of autumn tea yield are improved, tea place resistance 10% is improved, prevents pesticide The use of chemical fertilizer, and it is easy to operate etc..Therefore, method of the invention can realize the scale of bird king's tea, industrialization production, especially It is suitble to the karst Efficient Cultivation in High aititude.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of soil improvement method of bird king tea, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1)Improve agent prescription:Divide calculating by weight, by 1~2 part of 1~2 part of maize straw, beans bar, the grass stalk 1~2 of crushing Part, 2~4 parts of cow dung, 3~4 parts of edible fungus bran, 3~5 parts of fertile soil, 1~3 part of low-quality phosphorus ore and rotten deadwood are fallen 2~3 parts of leaf is uniformly mixed, and pH is controlled 5.5~7.0, and it is spare to be placed in long fermentation vat;
(2)Microorganism is extracted:It is placed in 3~5 parts of cow dung in sterile triangular flask, 10~15 parts of sterile water is added, 45~50 It crosses and cultivates through Congo red culture medium again under the conditions of DEG C, after being cultivated 10~15 days in shaken cultivation case, obtain single bacterium colony, choose Single bacterium colony isolates and purifies to obtain single cellulose-degrading bacteria;
(3)Modifying agent ferments:Cellulose-degrading bacteria is added into 10~15 parts of swill for 0.01~0.03 part, mixing is placed on temperature Expand culture 8~12 days under conditions of degree is 40~45 DEG C, relative humidity is 75~85%, is then mixed into step(1)Described It improves in agent prescription, at 25 ~ 30 DEG C, relative humidity control keeps loose, ventilative 70~80% for temperature control in fermentation vat, Midway turning 2 times is fermented 25~45 days, is macerated after heap decomposes and is applied again;
(4)Modifying agent applies:The fine day after the rain in 2 months~March of spring or autumn September~October vertically descends the positions 5~10cm along trunk Trench digging deep placement, ditching depth is 5~10 centimetres, 15~20 centimetres wide, will be through step(3)Earthing after modifying agent row replacement after fermentation 1~3cm.
2. the soil improvement method of bird king tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(1)The modifying agent In formula, divide calculating by weight, by 1~2 part of 1~2 part of 1~2 part of maize straw, beans bar, the grass stalk of crushing, cow dung 2~4 Part, 3~4 parts of edible fungus bran, 3~5 parts of fertile soil, 1~3 part of low-quality phosphorus ore, rotten 2~3 parts of mixing of dry branches and fallen leaves are equal Even, then with 1~3 part of the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction come control ph, pH is controlled 5.5~7.0, and it is spare to be placed in long fermentation vat.
CN201610794042.6A 2016-08-31 2016-08-31 A kind of soil improvement method of bird king tea Expired - Fee Related CN106416487B (en)

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CN113331059B (en) * 2021-07-21 2022-09-09 贵州大学 Method for establishing efficient regeneration system by taking bird king tea tree hypocotyls as explants

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01256589A (en) * 1988-04-07 1989-10-13 Tokai Hakko Biseibutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Soil conditioner and production thereof
CN101904286A (en) * 2009-06-05 2010-12-08 董文卓 Method for growing blueberry
CN102557837A (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-07-11 兰州大学 Halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism solid bacterial fertilizer of saline-alkaline habitat of desert and preparation method and application thereof
CN103304280A (en) * 2013-06-16 2013-09-18 广西桂人堂金花茶产业集团股份有限公司 Ecological organic fertilizer for preparing golden camellia tea residues and production method thereof
CN103688618A (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-04-02 大连经济技术开发区迪辉农业生态园 Method for improving blueberry planting soil
CN104592998A (en) * 2014-12-25 2015-05-06 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 Acidified soil carbon-based modifier as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN104909909A (en) * 2015-06-17 2015-09-16 遵义师范学院 Organic ecological substrate for rice industrialized seedling production and preparation method of organic ecological substrate

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01256589A (en) * 1988-04-07 1989-10-13 Tokai Hakko Biseibutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Soil conditioner and production thereof
CN101904286A (en) * 2009-06-05 2010-12-08 董文卓 Method for growing blueberry
CN102557837A (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-07-11 兰州大学 Halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism solid bacterial fertilizer of saline-alkaline habitat of desert and preparation method and application thereof
CN103304280A (en) * 2013-06-16 2013-09-18 广西桂人堂金花茶产业集团股份有限公司 Ecological organic fertilizer for preparing golden camellia tea residues and production method thereof
CN103688618A (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-04-02 大连经济技术开发区迪辉农业生态园 Method for improving blueberry planting soil
CN104592998A (en) * 2014-12-25 2015-05-06 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 Acidified soil carbon-based modifier as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN104909909A (en) * 2015-06-17 2015-09-16 遵义师范学院 Organic ecological substrate for rice industrialized seedling production and preparation method of organic ecological substrate

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