CN106416487A - Soil improvement method for Niaowang tea - Google Patents

Soil improvement method for Niaowang tea Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106416487A
CN106416487A CN201610794042.6A CN201610794042A CN106416487A CN 106416487 A CN106416487 A CN 106416487A CN 201610794042 A CN201610794042 A CN 201610794042A CN 106416487 A CN106416487 A CN 106416487A
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parts
tea
soil
percent
niaowang
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CN106416487B (en
Inventor
张珍明
张家春
贺红早
刘盈盈
张玉武
黄冬福
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Guizhou Institute of Biology
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Guizhou Institute of Biology
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00Agricultural use

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil improvement method for Niaowang tea. The method is characterized in that maize straws, rice straws, mushroom bran, cow dung, humus soil, low-quality phosphorite and the like are subjected to microbial fermentation, and a fermented product is applied into a Niaowang tea garden by a banding method in spring and autumn, thus improving physicochemical properties (porosity, water content, mineral nutrients and the like) of soil; by means of the method, the production cost is reduced, and the yield of the Niaowang tea is increased; in addition, the method disclosed by the invention is simple in operation and easy in popularization; compared with a traditional method, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the soil porosity is improved by 5 to 10 percent, the soil aggregate is improved by 3 to 5 percent, the water content of the soil is increased by 5 to 8 percent, the bulk density of the soil is reduced by 10 percent, the production cost is reduced by 20 percent, the fermentation time is shortened by 10 days or above, the yield of spring Niaowang tea is improved by 15 kilos/mu, the yield of autumn tea is improved by 20 kilos/mu, and the resistance of the tea garden is improved by 10 percent; the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers is avoided; besides, the method is simple in operation and the like.

Description

A kind of soil improvement method of bird king's tea
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil improvement method of bird king's tea, belong to technical field of land improvement.
Background technology
Bird king's tea because the high half way up the mountain one of more than 1500 meter of cloud and mist the foot of a mountain height above sea level originating in Guiding County cloud and mist town carries and gains the name, and Look up at Miao ethnic group's mountain vallage because originating in and also known as " bird king's tea ".Bird king's tea as good merchantable brand in tea, be by local grade high, high in quality, The good bird king of physical and chemical index plants decision, before more than 2000 years, just has started to artificial culture from original Gu Camellia sinensis, and creates A series of well-known teas, have just become tribute in Qing Dynasty's period, before 20 century 70s, because yield is few, general resident is difficult to Tasted.Bird king's tea just has become as tribute caffein product early in Sheng Tang's period, between Ming Dynasty's year in Wanli year《Kweiyang mansion will》(volume of consuming goods) Record:" Qian Sheng is each to belong to all product tea, and only Guiding cloud and mist is most notable ", the Qing Dynasty becomes one of national eight famous tea period.Bird king's tea is early In the Yuan Dynasty just by as tribute, it is rare famous and precious kind in tea.The local kind of bird king is unique precious place breeding, half Arbor, mesophyll are thick, bud-leaf green, fine hair are many, and plant Folium Camelliae sinensis with bird king has the perfume (or spice) of uniqueness in process with the sample tea made Gas.
Bird king's tea is best in quality, with a long history, is one of the well-known tea in Guizhou Province, has in local economy social development There are consequence and effect, its state of development has great importance to revitalizing whole Guizhou Province tea economy, for promoting to work as Ground Economy of agriculture and countryside structure, increases farmers' income, offer new direction of pushing forward the building of a new socialist countryside.
Because the quality of bird king's tea is more unique, local government widelys popularize plantation in Guizhou, but, do not focus on science skill Art, blindly expands Tea planting area, not only can not play good effect of increasing production, and also result in the harm such as soil erosion Frequently occur, serious destroys natural ecological environment.Meanwhile, king's tea half way up the mountain the foot of a mountain high because originating in more than 1500 meter of height above sea level, Growth conditionss are extremely harsh, and temperature is low, and soil nutrient utilization rate is low and its severe water and soil erosion.Some scientific research institutions of China With business unit, the cultivation technique of bird king's tea is constantly explored and tested, achieve certain achievement, but remain The problems such as bird king's tea speed of growth is slow, yield is high.Now tea tree planting, mostly in 300~800 meters of height above sea level, belongs to low altitude area kind Plant, and High aititude plants Camellia sinensis and low altitude area plants the having differences property of soil of Camellia sinensis.
The soil amelioration techniques of traditional bird king's tea be by a large amount of using chemical fertilizer come fertilizing soil, this method is not only not The nutrient of soil can be improved, and soil compaction can be caused, fertilizer runs off in a large number, have that utilization rate is low, the shortcoming of high cost.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to overcome that plant recovery of nutrient in existing bird king's tea planting process is low, water and soil stream Lose the defects such as serious, cost height, a kind of low cost, the soil improvement method of bird king's tea simple to operate, party's law technology are provided Simply, easy to spread, reduce production cost, improve bird king's tea yield and quality.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:A kind of soil improvement side of bird king's tea Method, comprises the following steps:
(1) improve agent prescription:Divide calculating by weight, by 1~2 part of the corn straw pulverized, 1~2 part of bean bar, grass stalk 1~2 part, 2~4 parts of cattle manure, 3~4 parts of edible fungus bran, 3~5 parts of fertile soil, 1~3 part of low-quality phosphorus ore and rot withered Branch 2~3 parts of mix homogeneously of fallen leaves, pH controls 5.5~7.0, inserts long fermentation vat standby;
(2) microorganism is extracted:It is placed in 3~5 parts of cattle manure in aseptic triangular flask, add 10~15 parts of sterilized water, 45 Under the conditions of~50 DEG C, streak culture through Congo red culture medium again after cultivating 10~15 days in shaken cultivation case, obtain single bacterium colony, Choose single bacterium colony and isolate and purify and obtain single cellulose-degrading bacteria;
(3) modifying agent fermentation:By cellulose-degrading bacteria, 0.01~0.03 part adds to 10~15 parts of water from washing rice, mixes rearmounted In temperature be 40~45 DEG C, relative humidity be amplification culture 8~12 days under conditions of 75~85%, be then mixed into step (1) institute In the improvement agent prescription stated, in fermentation vat, at 25~30 DEG C, relative humidity controls 70~80% temperature control, keep loose, Ventilative, midway turning 2 times, ferment 25~45 days, macerate after heap decomposes and apply again;
(4) modifying agent applies:Fine day after the rain in 2 months~March of spring or autumn September~October, along tree crown vertically lower 5~ 10cm position trench digging deep placement, ditching depth is 5~10 centimetres, wide 15~20 centimetres, will be through the modifying agent bar after step (3) fermentation Apply rear earthing 1~3cm.
In improvement agent prescription described in step (1), divide calculating by weight, by 1~2 part of the corn straw pulverized, bean bar 1 ~2 parts, 1~2 part of grass stalk, 2~4 parts of cattle manure, 3~4 parts of edible fungus bran, 3~5 parts of fertile soil, 1~3 part of low-quality phosphorus ore, 2~3 parts of mix homogeneously of rotten dry branches and fallen leaves, then with Flos Lonicerae medicinal residues 1~3 part carry out control ph, pH controls 5.5~ 7.0, insert long fermentation vat standby.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:The present invention adopts corn straw, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, mushroom bran, cattle manure, corruption Matter is native, low-quality phosphorus ore etc. passes through fermentable, applies bird king tea place in spring and autumn by bar applying method and improves soil Physicochemical property (porosity, water content, mineral nutrient etc.), not only reduces production cost, improves bird king's tea yield, and the present invention Method simple to operate, easy to spread, ratio traditional method improve soil porosity 5~10%, improve soil agreegate 3~5%, Increase soil moisture content 5~8%, reduce the soil weight 10%, reduce production cost 20%, shorten fermentation time more than 10 days, Improve 15 kgs/acre of bird king's tea spring tea yield, 20 kgs/acre of autumn tea yield, improve tea place resistance 10%, prevent agriculture chemical Use, and simple to operate etc..Therefore, the method for the present invention can achieve the scale of bird king's tea, industrialization production, is particluarly suitable for The karst Efficient Cultivation of High aititude.
Specific embodiment
In order that the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage are clearer, with reference to embodiment, the present invention is made into one The detailed description of step.
Embodiment 1
A kind of soil improvement method of bird king's tea of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) improve agent prescription:Divide calculating by weight, by 1 part of the corn straw pulverized, 1 part of bean bar, 1 part of grass stalk, cattle 2 parts of excrement, 3 parts of edible fungus bran, 3 parts of fertile soil, 1 part of low-quality phosphorus ore and the 2 parts of mix homogeneously of dry branches and fallen leaves rotting, pH is controlled System 5.5, inserts long fermentation vat standby;
(2) microorganism is extracted:It is placed in 3 parts of cattle manure in aseptic triangular flask, add 10 parts of sterilized water, in 45 DEG C of conditions Under, streak culture through Congo red culture medium again after cultivating 10 days in shaken cultivation case, obtain single bacterium colony, choose single bacterium colony and separate Purification obtains single cellulose-degrading bacteria;
(3) modifying agent fermentation:By cellulose-degrading bacteria, 0.01 part adds to 10 parts of water from washing rice, and being placed in temperature after mixing is 40 DEG C, relative humidity be amplification culture 8 days under conditions of 75%, be then mixed in the improvement agent prescription described in step (1), fermentation vat At 25 DEG C, relative humidity controls 70% interior temperature control, keeps loose, ventilative, midway turning 2 times, ferments 25 days, macerate heap and divide Apply again after solution;
(4) modifying agent applies:Fine day after the rain in 2 months spring, vertically descends 5cm position trench digging deep placement, ditching depth along tree crown For 5 centimetres, wide 15 centimetres, will be through earthing 1cm after the modifying agent row replacement after step (3) fermentation;
It is proven, the method for the present invention is simple to operate, easy to spread, improve soil porosity 5% than traditional method, Improve soil agreegate 3%, increase soil moisture content 5%, reduce the soil weight 10%, reduce production cost 20%, shorten and send out More than 10 days ferment time, improve 15 kgs/acre of bird king's tea spring tea yield, 20 kgs/acre of autumn tea yield, improve tea place resistance 10%, prevent the use of agriculture chemical, and simple to operate etc..Therefore, the method for the present invention can achieve the scale of bird king's tea, product Industry metaplasia is produced, and is particluarly suitable for the karst Efficient Cultivation of High aititude.
Embodiment 2
A kind of soil improvement method of bird king's tea of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) improve agent prescription:Divide calculating by weight, by 2 parts of the corn straw pulverized, 2 parts of bean bar, 2 parts of grass stalk, cattle 4 parts of excrement, 4 parts of edible fungus bran, 5 parts of fertile soil, 3 parts of low-quality phosphorus ore and the 3 parts of mix homogeneously of dry branches and fallen leaves rotting, pH is controlled System 7.0, inserts long fermentation vat standby;
(2) microorganism is extracted:It is placed in 5 parts of cattle manure in aseptic triangular flask, add 15 parts of sterilized water, in 50 DEG C of conditions Under, streak culture through Congo red culture medium again after cultivating 15 days in shaken cultivation case, obtain single bacterium colony, choose single bacterium colony and separate Purification obtains single cellulose-degrading bacteria;
(3) modifying agent fermentation:By cellulose-degrading bacteria, 0.03 part adds to 15 parts of water from washing rice, and being placed in temperature after mixing is 45 DEG C, relative humidity be amplification culture 12 days under conditions of 85%, be then mixed in the improvement agent prescription described in step (1), fermentation In pond, temperature control is at 30 DEG C, and relative humidity controls 80%, keeps loose, ventilative, midway turning 2 times, ferments 45 days, macerate heap Apply again after decomposition;
(4) modifying agent applies:Fine day after the rain of autumn September, vertically descends 10cm position trench digging deep placement along tree crown, and trench digging is deep Spend for 10 centimetres, wide 20 centimetres, will be through earthing 3cm after the modifying agent row replacement after step (3) fermentation.
It is proven, the method for the present invention is simple to operate, easy to spread, improve soil porosity than traditional method 10%, improve soil agreegate 5%, increase soil moisture content 8%, reduce the soil weight 15%, reduce production cost 30%, contracting Short fermentation time more than 12 days, improves 15 kgs/acre of bird king's tea spring tea yield, 20 kgs/acre of autumn tea yield, improves tea place resistance 10%, prevent the use of agriculture chemical, and simple to operate etc..Therefore, the method for the present invention can achieve the scale of bird king's tea, product Industry metaplasia is produced, and is particluarly suitable for the karst Efficient Cultivation of High aititude.
Embodiment 3
A kind of soil improvement method of bird king's tea of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) improve agent prescription:Divide calculating by weight, by 1.5 parts of the corn straw pulverized, 1.5 parts of bean bar, grass stalk 1.2 parts, 3 parts of cattle manure, 3.5 parts of edible fungus bran, 4 parts of fertile soil, 2 parts of low-quality phosphorus ore, the 2.5 parts of mixing of dry branches and fallen leaves rotted Uniformly, then with Flos Lonicerae medicinal residues 2 parts carry out control ph, pH controls 6.0, inserts long fermentation vat standby;
(2) microorganism is extracted:It is placed in 4 parts of cattle manure in aseptic triangular flask, add 12 parts of sterilized water, in 50 DEG C of conditions Under, streak culture through Congo red culture medium again after cultivating 12 days in shaken cultivation case, obtain single bacterium colony, choose single bacterium colony and separate Purification obtains single cellulose-degrading bacteria;
(3) modifying agent fermentation:By cellulose-degrading bacteria, 0.02 part adds to 12 parts of water from washing rice, and being placed in temperature after mixing is 45 DEG C, relative humidity be amplification culture 10 days under conditions of 80%, be then mixed in the improvement agent prescription described in step (1), fermentation In pond, temperature control is at 30 DEG C, and relative humidity controls 80%, keeps loose, ventilative, midway turning 2 times, ferments 45 days, macerate heap Apply again after decomposition;
(4) modifying agent applies:Fine day after the rain in March in spring, vertically descends 8cm position trench digging deep placement, ditching depth along tree crown For 8 centimetres, wide 18 centimetres, will be through earthing 2cm after the modifying agent row replacement after step (3) fermentation.
The method of the present invention is simple to operate, easy to spread, improves soil porosity 8% than traditional method, improves soil group Aggressiveness 4%, increases soil moisture content 6%, reduces the soil weight 10%, reduces production cost 20%, shortens fermentation time 10 days More than, improve 15 kgs/acre of bird king's tea spring tea yield, 20 kgs/acre of autumn tea yield, improve tea place resistance 10%, prevent pesticide The use of chemical fertilizer, and simple to operate etc..Therefore, the method for the present invention can achieve the scale of bird king's tea, industrialization production, especially It is suitable for the karst Efficient Cultivation in High aititude.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of soil improvement method of bird king's tea is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) improve agent prescription:Divide calculating by weight, by 1~2 part of the corn straw pulverized, 1~2 part of bean bar, grass stalk 1~2 Part, 2~4 parts of cattle manure, 3~4 parts of edible fungus bran, 3~5 parts of fertile soil, 1~3 part of low-quality phosphorus ore and the deadwood rotting fall 2~3 parts of mix homogeneously of leaf, pH controls 5.5~7.0, inserts long fermentation vat standby;
(2) microorganism is extracted:It is placed in 3~5 parts of cattle manure in aseptic triangular flask, add 10~15 parts of sterilized water, 45~50 Under the conditions of DEG C, streak culture through Congo red culture medium again after cultivating 10~15 days in shaken cultivation case, obtain single bacterium colony, choose Single bacterium colony isolates and purifies and obtains single cellulose-degrading bacteria;
(3) modifying agent fermentation:By cellulose-degrading bacteria, 0.01~0.03 part adds to 10~15 parts of water from washing rice, is placed in temperature after mixing Spend for 40~45 DEG C, relative humidity be amplification culture 8~12 days under conditions of 75~85%, be then mixed into described in step (1) In improvement agent prescription, in fermentation vat, at 25~30 DEG C, relative humidity controls 70~80% temperature control, keeps loose, ventilative, Midway turning 2 times, ferments 25~45 days, macerates after heap decomposes and applies;
(4) modifying agent applies:Fine day after the rain in 2 months~March of spring or two season of autumn September~October, along tree crown vertically lower 5~10cm Position trench digging deep placement, ditching depth is 5~10 centimetres, wide 15~20 centimetres, after the modifying agent row replacement after fermenting through step (3) Earthing 1~3cm.
2. bird king's tea according to claim 1 soil improvement method it is characterised in that:Modifying agent described in step (1) In formula, divide calculating by weight, by 1~2 part of the corn straw pulverized, 1~2 part of bean bar, 1~2 part of grass stalk, cattle manure 2~4 Part, 3~4 parts of edible fungus bran, 3~5 parts of fertile soil, 1~3 part of low-quality phosphorus ore, 2~3 parts of the dry branches and fallen leaves rotting mix all Even, then with Flos Lonicerae medicinal residues 1~3 part carry out control ph, pH controls 5.5~7.0, inserts long fermentation vat standby.
CN201610794042.6A 2016-08-31 2016-08-31 A kind of soil improvement method of bird king tea Expired - Fee Related CN106416487B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113331059A (en) * 2021-07-21 2021-09-03 贵州大学 Method for establishing efficient regeneration system by taking bird king tea tree hypocotyls as explants

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01256589A (en) * 1988-04-07 1989-10-13 Tokai Hakko Biseibutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Soil conditioner and production thereof
CN101904286A (en) * 2009-06-05 2010-12-08 董文卓 Method for growing blueberry
CN102557837A (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-07-11 兰州大学 Halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism solid bacterial fertilizer of saline-alkaline habitat of desert and preparation method and application thereof
CN103304280A (en) * 2013-06-16 2013-09-18 广西桂人堂金花茶产业集团股份有限公司 Ecological organic fertilizer for preparing golden camellia tea residues and production method thereof
CN103688618A (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-04-02 大连经济技术开发区迪辉农业生态园 Method for improving blueberry planting soil
CN104592998A (en) * 2014-12-25 2015-05-06 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 Acidified soil carbon-based modifier as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN104909909A (en) * 2015-06-17 2015-09-16 遵义师范学院 Organic ecological substrate for rice industrialized seedling production and preparation method of organic ecological substrate

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01256589A (en) * 1988-04-07 1989-10-13 Tokai Hakko Biseibutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Soil conditioner and production thereof
CN101904286A (en) * 2009-06-05 2010-12-08 董文卓 Method for growing blueberry
CN102557837A (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-07-11 兰州大学 Halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism solid bacterial fertilizer of saline-alkaline habitat of desert and preparation method and application thereof
CN103304280A (en) * 2013-06-16 2013-09-18 广西桂人堂金花茶产业集团股份有限公司 Ecological organic fertilizer for preparing golden camellia tea residues and production method thereof
CN103688618A (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-04-02 大连经济技术开发区迪辉农业生态园 Method for improving blueberry planting soil
CN104592998A (en) * 2014-12-25 2015-05-06 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 Acidified soil carbon-based modifier as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN104909909A (en) * 2015-06-17 2015-09-16 遵义师范学院 Organic ecological substrate for rice industrialized seedling production and preparation method of organic ecological substrate

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113331059A (en) * 2021-07-21 2021-09-03 贵州大学 Method for establishing efficient regeneration system by taking bird king tea tree hypocotyls as explants
CN113331059B (en) * 2021-07-21 2022-09-09 贵州大学 Method for establishing efficient regeneration system by taking bird king tea tree hypocotyls as explants

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