CN102557837A - Halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism solid bacterial fertilizer of saline-alkaline habitat of desert and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism solid bacterial fertilizer of saline-alkaline habitat of desert and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN102557837A
CN102557837A CN2011104433056A CN201110443305A CN102557837A CN 102557837 A CN102557837 A CN 102557837A CN 2011104433056 A CN2011104433056 A CN 2011104433056A CN 201110443305 A CN201110443305 A CN 201110443305A CN 102557837 A CN102557837 A CN 102557837A
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saline
bacillus
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CN102557837B (en
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刘金荣
谢晓蓉
达军山
陈琼
李春杰
刘照辉
柴琦
张小虎
郑明珠
杨有俊
张旭
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Gansu Lantai Environmental Management Technology Co., Ltd.
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Lanzhou University
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Abstract

The invention discloses halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism solid bacterial fertilizer of saline-alkaline habitat of desert and a preparation method and application thereof. The bacterial fertilizer comprises 100 weight parts of fermentation material, 1-3 weight parts of sulphur powder, 0.5-1.5 weight parts of zinc sulfate, and 0.5-1.5 weight parts of magnesium sulfate of which the water content is less than or equal to 20%, wherein the fermentation material is prepared by the following steps of: uniformly mixing and stacking 2-5% of drought desert halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism agent, 10-15% of water and 85-80% of organic material for fermentation, fermenting for 7-14 days when the fermentation temperature is 50-65 DEG C, and keeping for 10-20 days when the temperature of the fermentation stack is reduced to 45-55 DEG C. The halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism solid bacterial fertilizer of saline-alkaline habitat of desert disclosed by the invention can dissolve phosphate and nitrate in soil and release a great quantity of fixed phosphorus, potassium and trace elements stored in soil to improve the effectiveness of soil nutrients, and realizes nutrition supply and effective soil for permanent survival of the plant in the saline-alkaline habitat of desert.

Description

Saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure and preparation method thereof and application are had a liking in the desert saline habitat
Technical field
The present invention relates to bio-bacterial manure technology and saltings and administer the field, be specifically related to a kind of desert saline habitat and have a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
Have a liking for existence and the evolution under saline and alkaline habitat for a long time of saline and alkaline bacterium, formed some very particular structural and physiological mechanisms, and can produce some unique meta-bolitess.The relevant enzymes of its generation and special bioactivator have an important value industrial, for the mankind have made huge contribution.Area, NORTHWEST CHINA arid oasis; Saltings, alkali flat account for 40% of whole land areas, and this area's ground water table is high, and soil alkaline is heavier and the saltings distribution is extensive; Be the critical area of NORTHWEST CHINA dry bio-diversity conservation, have simultaneously and have a liking for saline and alkaline bacterium resource galore.
Utilize mikrobe to increase soil fertility, improve the plant rhizosphere environment, the research that improves the salt tolerant alkalescence of plant more and more comes into one's own.Also had to extensive distribution the in China saltings in the past and lacked the problem of effectively administering again; The research of all kinds mikrobe saline-alkali soil conditioner that carries out; But because its bacterial classification is single, or does not have a liking for the dominant population of saline and alkaline indigenous microorganism, so flora can not well adapt to saline and alkaline habitat, arid desert; More can't reach the improvement saltings, the effect that improves the plant life ability.
Summary of the invention
What the present invention is directed to that above problem provides a kind of desert saline habitat has a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure and preparation method thereof and application.
Desert saline provided by the present invention habitat have a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure, comprise fermentation materials 100 weight parts, SULPHUR POWDER 1-3 weight part, zinc sulfate 0.5-1.5 weight part, sal epsom 0.5-1.5 weight part, its water cut≤20%;
Said fermentation materials prepares according to following method: 2-5% has a liking for the arid desert saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent, 10%-15% water, 85-80% organic materials, mixes to stack fermentation; In the time of leavening temperature 50-65 ℃, kept 7-14 days; Fermentation stacking yard temperature drops to 45-55 ℃, keeps 10-20 days;
Said organic materials is by one or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 500kg of leaf, sawdust and stalk, one or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 50kg of cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure, and fish meal 5kg, brown sugar 3kg, W-Gum 3kg forms;
Saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent is had a liking in said arid desert, is made up of 17 kinds of microorganism strains; Said 17 kinds of microorganism strains (individual/milliliter) are respectively: 1.1 * 10 8-1.7 * 10 8Pseudomonas alcaligenes (Pseudomonas alcaligenes) CGMCC 1.1827,7.2 * 10 7-8.5 * 10 7Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) CGMCC 1.2004,2.1 * 10 8-2.7 * 10 8Bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) CGMCC 1.459,4.7 * 10 7-6.2 * 10 7Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) CGMCC 1.1625,7.4 * 10 7-8.7 * 10 7Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) C1.91,3.3 * 10 8-4.2 * 10 8Have a liking for salt salt Zymomonas mobilis (Halomonas halophila) CGMCC 1.23168.1 * 10 7-1.5 * 10 8Azotobacter vinelandii (Azotobacter vinelandii) CGMCC 1.1007,1.2 * 10 8-1.9 * 10 8Subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CGMCC 1.1414,5.3 * 10 6-6.1 * 10 6Rice Flavobacterium (Flavobacterium oryzae) CGMCC 1.1585,7.4 * 10 6-8.6 * 10 6Candida parapsilosis (Candida parapsilosis) CGMCC 2.1768,4.7 * 10 7-6.4 * 10 7Crooked thermomonospora fusca (Thermomonospora curvata) ACCC 41067,8.2 * 10 7-1.4 * 10 8Trichoderma (Trichoderma sp.) ACCC 31526,3.5 * 10 7-6.8 * 10 7Soil genus bacillus (Bacillus edaphicus) ACCC 03232,3.4 * 10 8-6.1 * 10 8Blown-ball Azotobacter (Azotobacter chroococcum) ACCC 01077,2.2 * 10 8-3.9 * 10 8Thiobacillus thioparus (Thiobacillus thioparus) ACCC 10288,9.7 * 10 7-2.5 * 10 8Gel-shaped bacillus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) ACCC 10095 and 7.8 * 10 7-9.3 * 10 7Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pseudomonas fluorescens) ACCC 10040.
The preparation method who has a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure in desert saline provided by the present invention habitat; Comprise and take off the row raw material by ratio of weight and the number of copies: 100 parts of fermentation materials, SULPHUR POWDER 1-3 part, zinc sulfate 0.5-1.5 part; Sal epsom 0.5-1.5 part; After it is mixed, be dried to water cut≤20% through 20-25 ℃ again, obtain the saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure of having a liking for of described desert saline habitat;
The preparation of said fermentation materials: have a liking for saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent according to saline and alkaline habitat, 2-5% arid desert, 10%-15% water, the ratio of 85-80% organic materials mixes it stacks fermentation; Between yeast phase, when leavening temperature is elevated to 50-65 ℃, kept this temperature 7-14 days; When the fermentation heap mixture temperature is reduced to 45-55 ℃, kept 10-20 days;
One or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 500kg of leaf, sawdust and stalk, one or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 50kg of cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure
Said organic materials preparation: with one or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 500kg of leaf, sawdust and stalk; One or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 50kg of cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure; Fish meal 5kg, brown sugar 3kg, W-Gum 3kg mix the back sterilization;
The preparation of saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent is had a liking in said arid desert, comprises Pseudomonas alcaligenes (Pseudomonas alcaligenes) CGMCC 1.1827, acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) CGMCC 1.2004, bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) CGMCC1.459, bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) CGMCC 1.1625, Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) CGMCC 1.91, has a liking for salt salt Zymomonas mobilis (Halomonas halophila) CGMCC1.2316, azotobacter vinelandii (Azotobacter vinelandii) CGMCC 1.1007, subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CGMCC 1.1414, rice Flavobacterium (Flavobacterium oryzae) CGMCC 1.1585, Candida parapsilosis (Candida parapsilosis) CGMCC 2.1768, crooked thermomonospora fusca (Thermomonospora curvata) ACCC 41067, Trichoderma (Trichoderma sp.) ACCC 31526,3.5 * 10 7-6.8 * 10 7Soil genus bacillus (Bacillus edaphicus) ACCC03232, blown-ball Azotobacter (Azotobacter chroococcum) ACCC 01077, thiobacillus thioparus (Thiobacillus thioparus) ACCC 10288, gel-shaped bacillus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) ACCC 10095 and Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pseudomonas fluorescens) ACCC 10040 are inoculated in respectively under aseptic condition in the basic medium separately; Inoculum size is 2%-5%; Shaking culture; 100-120r/min, temperature 28-32 ℃, after 18-24h cultivates; Obtain the bacterium liquid of 17 kinds of bacterial strains respectively; Said 17 kinds of bacterium liquid equal proportions are mixed, and through 28-32 ℃, the aeration-agitation fermentation culture of 18-24h, have formed the arid desert and have had a liking for saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent; The substratum of said fermentation culture comprises: (NH 4) 2SO 41-2g, H 3PO 40.5-1ml the quality percentage composition is 2% starch water 1L, pH to 7.5-9.0.
Wherein, said basic medium separately is respectively:
(1) basic medium of Pseudomonas alcaligenes, bacillus megaterium, bacillus pumilus, Bacillus licheniformis, crooked thermomonospora fusca, soil genus bacillus, thiobacillus thioparus, Pseudomonas fluorescence comprises peptone 10g; Beef extract 3g; NaCl 5g; Agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.0;
(2) basic medium of acinetobacter calcoaceticus comprises yeast extract 5g, peptone 10g, and NaCl 10g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.0;
(3) basic medium of azotobacter vinelandii, blown-ball Azotobacter comprises KH 2PO 40.2g, K 2HPO 40.8g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.2g, CaSO 42H 2O 0.1g, FeCl 30.005g, Na 2MoO 42H 2O 0.02g, yeast extract 0.5g, N.F,USP MANNITOL 20g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.2;
(4) basic medium of subtilis comprises beef extract 5g, peptone 10g, and yeast extract 5g, glucose 5g, NaCl 5g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.0;
(5) basic medium of rice Flavobacterium comprises sucrose 15g, K 2HPO 40.8g, KH 2PO 40.2g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.2g, NaCl 0.2g, CaCl 20.05g, MnSO 40.0005g, FeSO 40.025g, sodium wolframate 0.0005g, Sodium orthomolybdate 0.0005g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L;
(6) basic medium of Candida parapsilosis comprises wort 1L, agar 15g;
(7) basic medium of Trichoderma comprises yam extracting solution 1L, glucose 20g, agar 15g;
(8) basic medium of gel-shaped bacillus comprises sucrose 5g, bean cake powder 0.5g, Na 2HPO 42g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.1g, FeCl 30.005g, K 2HPO 40.05g, CaCO 30.1g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.5;
(9) basic medium of having a liking for salt salt Zymomonas mobilis comprises NaCl 80g, yeast extract 1g, peptone 5g, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 1g, FePO 40.01g, agar 16g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.4-7.6.
The having a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure and can dissolve phosphoric acid salt, nitrate salt in the soil of desert saline of the present invention habitat; Release is stored in phosphorus, potassium and the trace element that is fixed in a large number in the soil; Increase the validity of soil nutrient, fundamentally solve the nutrition supply and effective soil issues of the permanent survival of desert saline habitat plant; Wherein add SULPHUR POWDER and can make oxidized generation sulfuric acid under the thiobacillus thioparus effect of elemental sulfur in bacterial manure, sweetening of the soil alkalescence; Mikrobe wherein is breeding fast in organism, and the secretory product of generation can promote the formation of soil aggregate, and elimination is hardened, and it is acted on soil, improving desert, can make invalid soil or desert become the vegetable soil that plant can grow gradually; Having a liking for of desert saline of the present invention habitat can be formed with the beneficial microorganism community superiority after saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure is executed in the soil, suppresses the harmful microbe breeding, reduces the generation of disease and pest.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has a liking for the influence of saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer to soil physical property for the desert saline habitat.
Embodiment
One, the preparation of saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent is had a liking in the arid desert
Pseudomonas alcaligenes (Pseudomonas alcaligenes) CGMCC 1.1827, acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) CGMCC 1.2004, bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) CGMCC 1.459, bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) CGMCC 1.1625, Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) CGMCC 1.91, have a liking for salt salt Zymomonas mobilis (Halomonas halophila) CGMCC 1.2316, azotobacter vinelandii (Azotobacter vinelandii) CGMCC1.1007, subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CGMCC 1.1414, rice Flavobacterium (Flavobacterium oryzae) CGMCC 1.1585, Candida parapsilosis (Candida parapsilosis) CGMCC 2.1768, crooked thermomonospora fusca (Thermomonospora curvata) ACCC 41067, Trichoderma (Trichoderma sp.) ACCC 31526, soil genus bacillus (Bacillus edaphicus) ACCC 03232, blown-ball Azotobacter (Azotobacter chroococcum) ACCC 01077, thiobacillus thioparus (Thiobacillus thioparus) ACCC 10288, gel-shaped bacillus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) ACCC 10095 and Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pseudomonas fluorescens) ACCC 10040 and under aseptic condition, be inoculated in respectively on the substratum separately; Inoculum size is 2%-5%; Last shaking table shaking culture; After amplitude 100-120r/min, temperature 28-32 ℃, 18-24h are cultivated; Utilize thrombocytometer to count at microscopically, quantity reaches 10 7Individual/ml gets final product.
Above-mentioned substratum is:
(1) Pseudomonas alcaligenes, bacillus megaterium, bacillus pumilus, Bacillus licheniformis, crooked thermomonospora fusca, soil genus bacillus, thiobacillus thioparus, Pseudomonas fluorescence adopt peptone 10g; Beef extract 3g, NaCl 5g, agar 15g; Zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.0;
(2) basic medium of acinetobacter calcoaceticus comprises yeast extract 5g, peptone 10g, and NaCl 10g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.0;
(3) azotobacter vinelandii, blown-ball Azotobacter adopt KH 2PO 40.2g, K 2HPO 40.8g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.2g, CaSO 42H 2O 0.1g, FeCl 30.005g, Na 2MoO 42H 2O 0.02g, yeast extract 0.5g, N.F,USP MANNITOL 20g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.2;
(4) subtilis is adopted beef extract 5g, peptone 10g, and yeast extract 5g, glucose 5g, NaCl 5g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.0;
(5) the rice Flavobacterium adopts sucrose 15g, K 2HPO 40.8g, KH 2PO 40.2g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.2g, NaCl 0.2g, CaCl 20.05g, MnSO 40.0005g, FeSO 40.025g, sodium wolframate 0.0005g, Sodium orthomolybdate 0.0005g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L;
(6) Candida parapsilosis adopts wort 1L, agar 15g;
(7) Trichoderma is adopted yam extracting solution 1L, glucose 20g, agar 15g;
(8) basic medium of gel-shaped bacillus comprises sucrose 5g, bean cake powder 0.5g, Na 2HPO 42g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.1g, FeCl 30.005g, K 2HPO 40.05g, CaCO 30.1g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.5;
(9) basic medium of having a liking for salt salt Zymomonas mobilis comprises NaCl 80g, yeast extract 1g, peptone 5g, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 1g, FePO 40.01g, agar 16g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.4-7.6.
Respectively these 17 kinds of bacterium liquid are mixed by equal proportion, and place same fermentor tank,, formed the arid desert and had a liking for saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent through 28-32 ℃, the aeration-agitation fermentation culture of 18-24h.
The preparation of fermention medium: (NH 4) 2SO 41g, H 3PO 40.5ml add 1L quality percentage composition and be in 2% the starch water, the liming with 1% is regulated pH to 7.5, packs in the 500ml Erlenmeyer flask with 1/4 of bottle capacity, sealing is cooled off subsequent use afterwards at 121 ℃ of autoclaving 15min;
Or (NH 4) 2SO 42g, H 3PO 4It is that the liming with 1% is regulated pH to 9.0 in 2% the starch water that 1ml adds 1L quality percentage composition, packs in the 500ml Erlenmeyer flask with 1/4 of bottle capacity, and sealing is cooled off subsequent use afterwards at 121 ℃ of autoclaving 15min.
Two, saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent steady quality property testing is had a liking in saline and alkaline habitat, arid desert
Get the microbiobacterial agent of different production batchs, each bacterial classification is wherein carried out culture identification, the result sees table 1, shows that every kind of bacterial classification all has survival in the microbiobacterial agent, does not have the antagonistic effect between different strain, and batch between each bacterial classification quantity basicly stable.
Figure BSA00000644471400061
Figure BSA00000644471400071
Figure BSA00000644471400081
Three, the preparation of having a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure in desert saline habitat
1. take off the row raw material by ratio of weight and the number of copies: 100 parts of fermentation materials, 1 part of SULPHUR POWDER, 0.5 part in zinc sulfate; 0.5 part in sal epsom, or 100 parts of fermentation materials, 3 parts of SULPHUR POWDERs; 1.5 parts in zinc sulfate, 1.5 parts in sal epsom, evenly after; Be dried to water cut≤20% through 20-25 ℃ again, promptly obtain the saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure of having a liking for of desert saline of the present invention habitat.
2. the preparation of fermentation materials: have a liking for saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent according to saline and alkaline habitat, 2% arid desert, 10% water, the ratio of 85% organic materials; Or have a liking for saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent according to saline and alkaline habitat, 5% arid desert, and 15% water, the ratio of 80% organic materials mixes it stacks fermentation.Between yeast phase, when leavening temperature is elevated to 50-65 ℃, kept this temperature 7-14 days, the cooling of turning immediately when leavening temperature is higher than 65 ℃ (translate into the centre to skin, translate into the outside to the centre).Along with the passing of fermentation time, mixture temperature can descend to some extent, treats that temperature reduces to 45-55 ℃, keeps this temperature fermentation to get final product in 10-20 days.
Organic materials preparation: one or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 500kg of leaf, sawdust and stalk; One or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 50kg of cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure; Fish meal 5kg, brown sugar 3kg, W-Gum 3kg mixes after high-temperature sterilization.
Four, the effect of having a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure in desert saline habitat
1. materials and methods
1.1 soil overview experimental field
Experimental field be located at plate beach, Jinta County reservoir desert Gobi desert alkali flat all around.This region topography is smooth, diving buried depth 3.5m, and pH value 9.19, salt ion has comparative advantage with muriate.Basic climate characteristic is that annual precipitation is 46.4-92.5mm, and a year steam output is 2749.4-3500.0mm, and precipitation focused mostly in July and August.Soil type is anthropogenic-alluvial soil, aeolian sandy soil, alkaline earth, solonchak, and quality is medium loam and gravel soil, soil organic matter content 1.14%-2.38%; Hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 55.8-79.1mg/kg; Available phosphorus contents is 14.2-22.9mg/L, and the pH value is 7.8-9.19, and ground water table is at 1.2-2.5m.
1.2 TP
1.2.1 cell setting
3 processing are established in test: saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer 1.5kg/m is had a liking in (1) desert saline habitat 2, (2) farm manure 1.5kg/m 2, (3) contrast of not applying fertilizer.Each handles 6 repetitions, and district's group is arranged at random, sub-district area 5 m * 6m, and the minizone is at a distance from 1m, and sealing is all around opened up and down, and test was carried out 6 years continuously.In process of the test, often remove the weeds in the sub-district, make it be in the leisure state, the observation soil physical and chemical property changes.
1.2.2 analysis test method
Testing method such as the soil weight, soil capillary porosity, soil infiltration rate are seen " soil physical analysis ".The organic outer heating method of SRM 935a capacity that adopts, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen adopts diffusion process, and full nitrogen adopts semimicro-Kjeldahl method, and available phosphorus adopts 0.5mol/LNaHCO 3Lixiviate phosphorus molybdenum blue colorimetric method, available potassium adopts 1mol/LNH 4OAc lixiviate flame photometry.
2 results and analysis
2.1 the influence of saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer to soil microbial community had a liking in the desert saline habitat
Table 1 soil microbial community
Figure BSA00000644471400091
Annotate: microbe population is number in every gram dry ground (6 multiple MV)
Find out that from table 1 using the desert saline habitat, to have a liking for behind the saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer in the soil content of bacterium, actinomycetes, fungi all higher.And, execute in the soil sample of having a liking for saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer in the desert saline habitat silicate bacteria such as phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria and Trichoderma useful fungi content such as (Trichoderma sp.) and obviously handle height than other through identifying.
2.2 the influence of saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer to soil nutrient had a liking in the desert saline habitat
Table 2 topsoil soils nutrient situation (2010.8)
Table 2 is the result show, uses the desert saline habitat and has a liking for the soil organism behind the saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer, full nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium and all be higher than far away and execute that farm manure is handled and contrast.
2.3 the influence of saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer to soil physical property had a liking in the desert saline habitat
Can find out by Fig. 1, use after the desert saline habitat has a liking for saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer the 1.37g/cm that soil 0-20cm soil layer unit weight is handled from contrast, farm manure 3, 1.32g/cm 3Be reduced to 1.01g/cm 3, soil infiltration rate is brought up to 32.55mm/h by 9.42mm/h, 20.94mm/h, and the soil total porosity brings up to 64.35% by 47.54%, 50.36%, and soil evaporativeness is reduced to 0.76mm/d by 3.49mm/d, 1.11mm/d.It is as shown in Figure 1 to the influence of soil physical property that saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer is had a liking in the desert saline habitat.
Use the desert saline habitat and have a liking for saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer behind the salt affected soil of Gobi desert, bacterial manure will carry out bacterial classification and merge in soil, and cellulase wherein and lignoenzyme carry out the Mierocrystalline cellulose decomposition and lignin degradation forms sugar and amino acid; Nitrogen fixation flora carries out nitrogen fixation from air; Phosphate solubilizing bacteria in the silicate flora, potassium solubilizing bacteria change into the available phosphorus of plant, potassium to invalid phosphorus, potassium in the soil, can and form crumb structure the silicate loss in the sandy soil ground simultaneously; Organic composition in butyric acid flora, the lactobacillus trans-utilization soil is regulated soil pH value simultaneously, and actinomycete group can suppress the growth of other harmful bacterium.These useful microbes help improving the physicochemical condition of soil, improve the fertilizer provision from soil fertilizer-preserving ability.After saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer is had a liking in soil application desert saline habitat, produce a large amount of soil ulmin, soil microaggregate quantity increases greatly.The soil layer soil weight reduces and the soil total porosity improves, and has strengthened the gas permeability of soil; The minimizing of soil evaporativeness can suppress the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, and the raising of soil infiltration speed helps soil desalination, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching.The improvement that saline and alkaline microbial-bacterial fertilizer acts on soil, desert is had a liking in the desert saline habitat, makes invalid soil or desert become the vegetable soil that plant can grow gradually, fundamentally solves the problem of nutrition supply with effective soil of the permanent survival of plant.

Claims (7)

  1. A desert saline habitat have a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure, comprise fermentation materials 100 weight parts, SULPHUR POWDER 1-3 weight part, zinc sulfate 0.5-1.5 weight part, sal epsom 0.5-1.5 weight part, its water cut≤20%;
    Said fermentation materials prepares according to following method: 2-5% has a liking for the arid desert saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent, 10%-15% water, 85-80% organic materials, mixes to stack fermentation; In the time of leavening temperature 50-65 ℃, kept 7-14 days; Fermentation stacking yard temperature drops to 45-55 ℃, keeps 10-20 days;
    Said organic materials is by one or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 500kg of leaf, sawdust and stalk, one or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 50kg of cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure, and fish meal 5kg, brown sugar 3kg, W-Gum 3kg forms;
    Saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent is had a liking in said arid desert, by every milliliter of said microbial inoculum, is made up of following 17 kinds of microorganism strains: 1.1 * 10 8-1.7 * 10 8Individual Pseudomonas alcaligenes (Pseudomonas alcaligenes) CGMCC 1.1827,7.2 * 10 7-8.5 * 10 7Individual acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) CGMCC 1.2004,2.1 * 10 8-2.7 * 10 8Individual bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) CGMCC 1.459,4.7 * 10 7-6.2 * 10 7Individual bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) CGMCC 1.1625,7.4 * 10 7-8.7 * 10 7Individual Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) CGMCC 1.91,3.3 * 10 8-4.2 * 10 8Individually have a liking for salt salt Zymomonas mobilis (Halomonas halophila) CGMCC 1.2316,8.1 * 10 7-1.5 * 10 8Individual azotobacter vinelandii (Azotobacter vinelandii) CGMCC 1.1007,1.2 * 10 8-1.9 * 10 8Individual subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CGMCC 1.1414,5.3 * 10 6-6.1 * 10 6Individual rice Flavobacterium (Flavobacterium oryzae) CGMCC 1.1585,7.4 * 10 6-8.6 * 10 6Individual Candida parapsilosis (Candida parapsilosis) CGMCC 2.1768,4.7 * 10 7-6.4 * 10 7Individual crooked thermomonospora fusca (Thermomonospora curvata) ACCC 41067,8.2 * 10 7-1.4 * 10 8Individual Trichoderma (Trichoderma sp.) ACCC 31526,3.5 * 10 7-6.8 * 10 7Individual soil genus bacillus (Bacillus edaphicus) ACCC 03232,3.4 * 10 8-6.1 * 10 8Individual blown-ball Azotobacter (Azotobacter chroococcum) ACCC 01077,2.2 * 10 8-3.9 * 10 8Individual thiobacillus thioparus (Thiobacillus thioparus) ACCC 10288,9.7 * 10 7-2.5 * 10 8Individual gel-shaped bacillus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) ACCC 10095 and 7.8 * 10 7-9.3 * 10 7Individual Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pseudomonas fluorescens) ACCC 10040.
  2. 2. claim 1 is described has a liking for the application of saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure aspect alkaline land improving.
  3. 3. claim 1 is described has a liking for the application of saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure aspect increasing soil fertility.
  4. 4. claim 1 is described has a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure in the application that improves aspect the plant rhizosphere environment.
  5. 5. claim 1 is described has a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure in the application that promotes aspect the plant-growth.
  6. 6. the described preparation method who has a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure of claim 1; Comprise and take off the row raw material by ratio of weight and the number of copies: 100 parts of fermentation materials, SULPHUR POWDER 1-3 part, zinc sulfate 0.5-1.5 part; Sal epsom 0.5-1.5 part; After it is mixed, be dried to water cut≤20% through 20-25 ℃ again, obtain described desert saline habitat and have a liking for saline and alkaline microbial solid bacterial manure;
    The preparation of said fermentation materials: have a liking for saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent according to saline and alkaline habitat, 2-5% arid desert, 10%-15% water, the ratio of 85-80% organic materials mixes it stacks fermentation; Between yeast phase, when leavening temperature is elevated to 50-65 ℃, kept this temperature 7-14 days; When the fermentation heap mixture temperature is reduced to 45-55 ℃, kept 10-20 days;
    Said organic materials preparation: with one or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 500kg of leaf, sawdust and stalk; One or more mixture (1: 1: 1) 50kg of cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure; Fish meal 5kg, brown sugar 3kg, W-Gum 3kg mix the back sterilization;
    The preparation of saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent is had a liking in said arid desert; Comprise Pseudomonas alcaligenes (Pseudomonas alcaligenes) CGMCC 1.1827, acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) CGMCC 1.2004, bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) CGMCC 1.459, bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) CGMCC 1.1625, Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) CGMCC 1.91, have a liking for salt salt Zymomonas mobilis (Halomonas halophila) CGMCC 1.2316, azotobacter vinelandii (Azotobacter vinelandii) CGMCC 1.1007, subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CGMCC 1.1414, rice Flavobacterium (Flavobacterium oryzae) CGMCC 1.1585, Candida parapsilosis (Candida parapsilosis) CGMCC 2.1768, crooked thermomonospora fusca (Thermomonospora curvata) ACCC 41067, Trichoderma (Trichoderma sp.) ACCC 31526, soil genus bacillus (Bacillus edaphicus) ACCC 03232, blown-ball Azotobacter (Azotobacter chroococcum) ACCC 01077, thiobacillus thioparus (Thiobacillus thioparus) ACCC 10288, gel-shaped bacillus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) ACCC 10095 and Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pseudomonas fluorescens) ACCC 10040 and under aseptic condition, be inoculated in respectively in the basic medium separately; Inoculum size is 2%-5%; Shaking culture; 100-120r/min; Temperature 28-32 ℃; After 18-24h cultivates; Obtain the bacterium liquid of 17 kinds of bacterial strains respectively; Said 17 kinds of bacterium liquid equal proportions are mixed; Through 28-32 ℃, the aeration-agitation fermentation culture of 18-24h, formed the arid desert and had a liking for saline and alkaline microbiobacterial agent; The substratum of said fermentation culture comprises: (NH 4) 2SO 41-2g, H 3PO 40.5-1ml, the quality percentage composition is 2% starch water 1L, pH to 7.5-9.0.
  7. 7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said basic medium separately is respectively:
    (1) basic medium of Pseudomonas alcaligenes, bacillus megaterium, bacillus pumilus, Bacillus licheniformis, crooked thermomonospora fusca, soil genus bacillus, thiobacillus thioparus, Pseudomonas fluorescence comprises peptone 10g; Beef extract 3g; NaCl 5g; Agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.0;
    (2) basic medium of acinetobacter calcoaceticus comprises yeast extract 5g, peptone 10g, and NaCl 10g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.0;
    (3) basic medium of azotobacter vinelandii, blown-ball Azotobacter comprises KH 2PO 40.2g, K 2HPO 40.8g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.2g, CaSO 42H 2O 0.1g, FeCl 30.005g, Na 2MoO 42H 2O 0.02g, yeast extract 0.5g, N.F,USP MANNITOL 20g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.2;
    (4) basic medium of subtilis comprises beef extract 5g, peptone 10g, and yeast extract 5g, glucose 5g, NaCl 5g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.0;
    (5) basic medium of rice Flavobacterium comprises sucrose 15g, K 2HPO 40.8g, KH 2PO 40.2g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.2g, NaCl 0.2g, CaCl 20.05g, MnSO 40.0005g, FeSO 40.025g, sodium wolframate 0.0005g, Sodium orthomolybdate 0.0005g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L;
    (6) basic medium of Candida parapsilosis comprises wort 1L, agar 15g;
    (7) basic medium of Trichoderma comprises yam extracting solution 1L, glucose 20g, agar 15g;
    (8) basic medium of gel-shaped bacillus comprises sucrose 5g, bean cake powder 0.5g, Na 2HPO 42g, MgSO 47H 2O 0.1g, FeCl 30.005g, K 2HPO 40.05g, CaCO 30.1g, agar 15g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.5;
    (9) basic medium of having a liking for salt salt Zymomonas mobilis comprises NaCl 80g, yeast extract 1g, peptone 5g, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 1g, FePO 40.01g, agar 16g, zero(ppm) water 1L, pH 7.4-7.6.
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CN103320137A (en) * 2013-04-03 2013-09-25 清华大学 Composite microbiological bacteriocin saline-alkali soil improver, and preparation method and applications thereof
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