CN105850488A - Method for increasing intercropping efficiency of haloxylon ammodendron and eucommia ulmoides in arid desert region - Google Patents
Method for increasing intercropping efficiency of haloxylon ammodendron and eucommia ulmoides in arid desert region Download PDFInfo
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- CN105850488A CN105850488A CN201610376065.5A CN201610376065A CN105850488A CN 105850488 A CN105850488 A CN 105850488A CN 201610376065 A CN201610376065 A CN 201610376065A CN 105850488 A CN105850488 A CN 105850488A
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- Prior art keywords
- seedling
- cortex eucommiae
- intercropping
- sacsaoul
- efficiency
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/06—Uprooting or pulling up trees; Extracting or eliminating stumps
- A01G23/062—Pulling up trees or stumps
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for increasing the intercropping efficiency of haloxylon ammodendron and eucommia ulmoides in an arid desert region. The method comprises the following steps: (1) digging of haloxylon ammodendron planting furrows; (2) digging of intercropping eucommia ulmoides planting furrows; (3) seedling selection: selecting haloxylon ammodendron seedlings and eucommia ulmoides seedlings without pest and disease damage in a year; (4) planting: after the soil is unfrozen in the next spring, planting the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings and eucommia ulmoides seedlings with a seedling planter; and (5) field management measures. In the invention, through intercropping of haloxylon ammodendron and eucommia ulmoides, reciprocal symbiosis of the haloxylon ammodendron and eucommia ulmoides can be realized in the arid desert condition, the problems of single benefit of haloxylon ammodendron planting and low plant survival rate are solved, and organic unity of the ecological, economic and social benefits in desert control is realized so as to provide technical support for the safe and efficient production in the arid desert region.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to a kind of intercropping in forestry and Desertification Control field, particularly relates to improve arid
Desert Regions sacsaoul and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency.
Background technology
The desertification situation of China is the severeest, is one of serious country of desertification in the world, how to administer desertification
Have become as a difficult problem in the urgent need to address.
The Cortex Eucommiae is deciduous tree, and adaptability is very strong, and distribution is wide, can cultivate in China's most area.The Cortex Eucommiae is at sun
Light is sufficient, grows best in well-drained environment, and it is the strictest to the requirement of soil.
Sacsaoul is a kind of drought-resistant, weatherproof, saline alkali tolerant plant, has relatively in northwest desert, the Semi-desert Area of China
For universal distribution.The sacsaoul fast growth of manual inseminating, checks winds and fixes drifting sand effective, it is possible to well improve desert and Gobi ring
Border.But, during sacsaoul is planted trees, it is contemplated that competing between plant and plant after growing into forest under the conditions of desert is exceedingly odious
Striving relation, every mu is only suitable for planting sacsaoul 300 ~ 400, therefore causes between 1 ~ 4 year before growing into forest, and sacsaoul plant cover degree is little,
Preventing and fixing sand ecological effect is poor;And plant single sacsaoul plant, anti-disaster ability is weak, and the pest and disease damage that lies dormant etc. is disastrous
Risk.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide and a kind of realizes the ecology of desert treatment, economic and social benefit
The method improving arid-desert area sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency of organic unity.
For solving the side of the problems referred to above, raising arid-desert area of the present invention sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency
Method, comprises the following steps:
(1) the excavation of sacsaoul plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction output a wide 35 ~ 45cm,
The furrow of deep 20 ~ 25cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 4 ~ 5m;
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Autumn the previous year is opened one by east-west direction in plantation in the furrow of described sacsaoul with the region that spacing is 4 ~ 5m of furrow
Wide 40 ~ the 50cm of bar, the Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch of deep 30 ~ 40cm, by every mu of farm manure executing 2000 ~ 2500kg ripening before broadcasting spring;
(3) select Seedling:
Select the annual Haloxylon Species of Seedling without pest and disease damage and Cortex Eucommiae seedling;
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, by the spacing in the rows employing seedling cultivation device of 1 ~ 1.5m with rising with planting described Haloxylon Species of Seedling, and
Described seedling cultivation device is used to plant described Cortex Eucommiae seedling by the spacing in the rows of 1.8 ~ 2.5m;
(5) field management measure:
1. water: all pour water after described Haloxylon Species of Seedling and described Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting;
Middle weeding: the Cortex Eucommiae annual spring and summer are respectively except once careless;On the ditch ridge of sacsaoul plantation, weeds all to be removed;
3. fertilising: described Haloxylon Species of Seedling and described Cortex Eucommiae seedling First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline micro-
Biosolids bacterial manure 300 ~ 500kg;The described Cortex Eucommiae seedling every strain of Second Year spring and autumn is spreaded manuer in holes the compound fertilizer of 100 ~ 200g, August
Fertilising is stopped after part;Described Haloxylon Species of Seedling is without topdressing;
4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The root rot that the Cortex Eucommiae is common, can prevent and treat by spraying 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate;Leaf blight,
Bordeaux mixture or 500 times of liquid of 65% zineb are used to prevent and treat.
Described step (4) in seedling cultivation device include handle, connecting rod and " u "-shaped fork;One end of described connecting rod is provided with
Described handle, its other end is provided with described " u "-shaped fork.
Described handle is long 10 ~ 15cm, the steel pipe of diameter 3 ~ 3.5cm.
Described connecting rod is long 50 ~ 60cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 1 ~ 2cm.
Described " u "-shaped fork is long 4 ~ 5cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 0.5 ~ 1cm, the two ends of this " u "-shaped fork are tapering and two-end-point
Width is from for 3 ~ 4cm.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1, the trench digging time of the present invention is early winter autumn end.This time period is the time in slack season, and utilization now carries out trench digging can't
Delay the operation of normal farming, it is also possible to adequately and reasonably utilize human resources, reach the purpose got twice the result with half the effort.
2, the present invention fills and leads up opened furrow by the wind-force of the Nature, it is not necessary to manually carries out the loaded down with trivial details sand that covers of machinery and fills out
Bury work, and then reduce labor intensity significantly, make work efficiency significantly improve, effectively save labour force, greatly reduce
Cost of forestation.
3, the seedling cultivation device that the present invention uses, the shortcoming overcoming landfill time and effort consuming of digging pit in tradition planting system,
And shorten the time of planting, make plantation efficiency be greatly improved.
4, the present invention is by sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, it is possible to achieve under the conditions of arid desert, sacsaoul and the Cortex Eucommiae is reciprocal common
Raw, not only solve the only plantation problems such as sacsaoul benefit is single, plant survival rate is low, and reach the ecology of desert treatment, warp
Ji and the organic unity of social benefit, thus provide technical support for the efficient output of arid-desert area agricultural safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1 handle 2 connecting rod 3 " u "-shaped fork.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1 improves the method for arid-desert area sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency, comprises the following steps:
(1) the excavation of sacsaoul plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then outputs a wide 35cm, deep with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction
The furrow of 20cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 4m.Arid-desert area dust storm is big, through one winter northwester will blow
The ditch opened is filled and led up by dynamic fine sand.
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Plantation autumn the previous year in furrow and the region that the spacing of furrow is 4m of sacsaoul by east-west direction open one wide
40cm, the Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch of deep 30cm, by every mu of farm manure executing 2000kg ripening before broadcasting spring.
(3) select Seedling:
Select the annual Haloxylon Species of Seedling without pest and disease damage and Cortex Eucommiae seedling.
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, in sacsaoul plantation ditch and in Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, all it is filled with fine sand;Now, by the strain of 1m
Away from use seedling cultivation device (application number: 201620463608.2) with rise with plant Haloxylon Species of Seedling (15 cm deep soil layer food taken late at night freezes daytime time
Lifting is afforested), and press the spacing in the rows employing seedling cultivation device plantation Cortex Eucommiae seedling of 1.8m.That is: operator are by seedling root card
In " u "-shaped fork 3, one holds handle 1, picks up seedling on the other hand, enters in soil by seedling cultivation device oblique cutting, and tramp with one's feet reality, with
Time keep seedling upright.The degree of depth inserted is moderate, it is ensured that soil covers whole roots of seedling, and seedling does not falls.
Wherein:
Seedling cultivation device includes that handle 1, connecting rod 2 and " u "-shaped fork 3(are as shown in Figure 1).One end of connecting rod 2 is provided with handle 1,
Its other end is provided with " u "-shaped fork 3.
Handle 1 is long 10 ~ 15cm, the steel pipe of diameter 3 ~ 3.5cm.Connecting rod 2 is long 50 ~ 60cm, the steel of diameter 1 ~ 2cm
Muscle." u "-shaped fork 3 be long 4 ~ 5cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 0.5 ~ 1cm, this " u "-shaped pitch 3 two ends are tapering and two-end-point width from for
3~4cm。
(5) field management measure:
1. water: all pour water after Haloxylon Species of Seedling and Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting.Fill every other month once after Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting
Water, improves the survival rate of Cortex Eucommiae seedling;The Cortex Eucommiae can the most once be poured water after growing up;Haloxylon Species of Seedling water with
The irrigation the Cortex Eucommiae is carried out simultaneously.
Middle weeding: the Cortex Eucommiae annual spring and summer are respectively except once careless;On the ditch ridge of sacsaoul plantation, weeds all to remove
Fall.
3. fertilising: Haloxylon Species of Seedling and Cortex Eucommiae seedling First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microorganism
Solid bacterial manure (patent No.: ZL201110443305.6) 300kg;The Cortex Eucommiae seedling every strain of Second Year spring and autumn spread manuer in holes the answering of 100g
Hefei, stops fertilising, in order to avoid affecting its winter resistance after August;Haloxylon Species of Seedling is without topdressing.
4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
The root rot that the Cortex Eucommiae is common, can prevent and treat by spraying 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate;Leaf blight, uses bohr
Many liquid or 500 times of liquid of 65% zineb are prevented and treated.
The inventive method finds through reality application, uses sacsaoul and the survival rate difference of the Cortex Eucommiae after technique intercropping
Adding 13.63% and 14.87%, plantation efficiency is greatly improved.
Embodiment 2 improves the method for arid-desert area sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency, comprises the following steps:
(1) the excavation of sacsaoul plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then outputs a wide 40cm, deep with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction
The furrow of 22cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 4.5m.Arid-desert area dust storm is big, through one winter northwester will
Blow fine sand to be filled and led up by the ditch opened.
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Plantation autumn the previous year in furrow and the region that the spacing of furrow is 4.5m of sacsaoul by east-west direction open one wide
45cm, the Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch of deep 35cm, by every mu of farm manure executing 2200kg ripening before broadcasting spring.
(3) select Seedling with embodiment 1.
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, in sacsaoul plantation ditch and in Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, all it is filled with fine sand;Now, by 1.2m's
Spacing in the rows uses seedling cultivation device (application number: 201620463608.2), and with rising with planting Haloxylon Species of Seedling, (15 cm deep soil layer food taken late at night in daytime freezes
Time with regard to lifting afforest), and press 2.2m spacing in the rows use seedling cultivation device plant Cortex Eucommiae seedling.That is: operator are by seedling root
Being stuck in " u "-shaped fork 3, one holds handle 1, picks up seedling on the other hand, enters in soil by seedling cultivation device oblique cutting, and tramp with one's feet reality,
Keep seedling upright simultaneously.The degree of depth inserted is moderate, it is ensured that soil covers whole roots of seedling, and seedling does not falls.
Wherein seedling cultivation device is with embodiment 1.
(5) field management measure:
1. water same embodiment 1.
Middle weeding is with embodiment 1.
3. fertilising: Haloxylon Species of Seedling and Cortex Eucommiae seedling First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microorganism
Solid bacterial manure (patent No.: ZL201110443305.6) 400kg;The Cortex Eucommiae seedling every strain of Second Year spring and autumn spread manuer in holes the answering of 150g
Hefei, stops fertilising, in order to avoid affecting its winter resistance after August;Haloxylon Species of Seedling is without topdressing.
4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is with embodiment 1.
The inventive method finds through reality application, uses sacsaoul and the survival rate difference of the Cortex Eucommiae after technique intercropping
Adding 15.71% and 15.36%, plantation efficiency is greatly improved.
Embodiment 3 improves the method for arid-desert area sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency, comprises the following steps:
(1) the excavation of sacsaoul plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then outputs a wide 45cm, deep with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction
The furrow of 25cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 5m.Arid-desert area dust storm is big, through one winter northwester will blow
The ditch opened is filled and led up by dynamic fine sand.
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Plantation autumn the previous year in furrow and the region that the spacing of furrow is 5m of sacsaoul by east-west direction open one wide
50cm, the Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch of deep 40cm, by every mu of farm manure executing 2500kg ripening before broadcasting spring.
(3) select Seedling with embodiment 1.
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, in sacsaoul plantation ditch and in Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, all it is filled with fine sand;Now, by 1.5m's
Spacing in the rows uses seedling cultivation device (application number: 201620463608.2), and with rising with planting Haloxylon Species of Seedling, (15 cm deep soil layer food taken late at night in daytime freezes
Time with regard to lifting afforest), and press 2.5m spacing in the rows use seedling cultivation device plant Cortex Eucommiae seedling.That is: operator are by seedling root
Being stuck in " u "-shaped fork 3, one holds handle 1, picks up seedling on the other hand, enters in soil by seedling cultivation device oblique cutting, and tramp with one's feet reality,
Keep seedling upright simultaneously.The degree of depth inserted is moderate, it is ensured that soil covers whole roots of seedling, and seedling does not falls.
Wherein seedling cultivation device is with embodiment 1.
(5) field management measure:
1. water same embodiment 1.
Middle weeding is with embodiment 1.
3. fertilising: Haloxylon Species of Seedling and Cortex Eucommiae seedling First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microorganism
Solid bacterial manure (patent No.: ZL201110443305.6) 500kg;The Cortex Eucommiae seedling every strain of Second Year spring and autumn spread manuer in holes the answering of 200g
Hefei, stops fertilising, in order to avoid affecting its winter resistance after August;Haloxylon Species of Seedling is without topdressing.
4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is with embodiment 1.
The inventive method finds through reality application, uses sacsaoul and the survival rate difference of the Cortex Eucommiae after technique intercropping
Adding 15.98% and 15.69%, plantation efficiency is greatly improved.
Claims (5)
1. the method improving arid-desert area sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency, comprises the following steps:
(1) the excavation of sacsaoul plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction output a wide 35 ~ 45cm,
The furrow of deep 20 ~ 25cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 4 ~ 5m;
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Autumn the previous year is opened one by east-west direction in plantation in the furrow of described sacsaoul with the region that spacing is 4 ~ 5m of furrow
Wide 40 ~ the 50cm of bar, the Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch of deep 30 ~ 40cm, by every mu of farm manure executing 2000 ~ 2500kg ripening before broadcasting spring;
(3) select Seedling:
Select the annual Haloxylon Species of Seedling without pest and disease damage and Cortex Eucommiae seedling;
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, by the spacing in the rows employing seedling cultivation device of 1 ~ 1.5m with rising with planting described Haloxylon Species of Seedling, and
Described seedling cultivation device is used to plant described Cortex Eucommiae seedling by the spacing in the rows of 1.8 ~ 2.5m;
(5) field management measure:
1. water: all pour water after described Haloxylon Species of Seedling and described Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting;
Middle weeding: the Cortex Eucommiae annual spring and summer are respectively except once careless;On the ditch ridge of sacsaoul plantation, weeds all to be removed;
3. fertilising: described Haloxylon Species of Seedling and described Cortex Eucommiae seedling First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline micro-
Biosolids bacterial manure 300 ~ 500kg;The described Cortex Eucommiae seedling every strain of Second Year spring and autumn is spreaded manuer in holes the compound fertilizer of 100 ~ 200g, August
Fertilising is stopped after part;Described Haloxylon Species of Seedling is without topdressing;
4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
2. the method improving arid-desert area sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described step (4) in seedling cultivation device include handle (1), connecting rod (2) and " u "-shaped fork (3);One end of described connecting rod (2)
Being provided with described handle (1), its other end is provided with described " u "-shaped fork (3).
3. the method improving arid-desert area sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described handle (1) is long 10 ~ 15cm, the steel pipe of diameter 3 ~ 3.5cm.
4. the method improving arid-desert area sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described connecting rod (2) is long 50 ~ 60cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 1 ~ 2cm.
5. the method improving arid-desert area sacsaoul and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping efficiency as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described " u "-shaped fork (3) is long 4 ~ 5cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 0.5 ~ 1cm, and the two ends of this " u "-shaped fork (3) are tapering and two-end-point is the widest
Distance is 3 ~ 4cm.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201610376065.5A CN105850488A (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2016-05-31 | Method for increasing intercropping efficiency of haloxylon ammodendron and eucommia ulmoides in arid desert region |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113575309A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-02 | 东北林业大学 | Intercropping dimming method for increasing fraxinellone content in root of densefruit pittany |
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CN1883253A (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2006-12-27 | 新疆农业大学 | Irrigation-free afforestation technology of haloxylon ammodendron |
CN202310746U (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2012-07-11 | 南京农业大学 | Protective pipe for improving survival rate of directly sown seedlings and transplanting seedlings of haloxylon plants |
CN102557837A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-11 | 兰州大学 | Halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism solid bacterial fertilizer of saline-alkaline habitat of desert and preparation method and application thereof |
CN104041377A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-09-17 | 南京三生万物环保科技有限公司 | Intercropping method suitable for desert area |
CN105340666A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-02-24 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Species disposition method for construction of economic ecological forest in drought area |
CN205233008U (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-05-18 | 新疆林科院造林治沙研究所 | Utilize special nursery stock plant feed unit of naked root seedling of sand ground bush mulberry in planting by stock of arid biogeographic zone sand ground |
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Patent Citations (7)
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CN1582630A (en) * | 2004-05-22 | 2005-02-23 | 乌鲁木齐市新市区春盈药材种植场 | Cultivation of eucommia |
CN1883253A (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2006-12-27 | 新疆农业大学 | Irrigation-free afforestation technology of haloxylon ammodendron |
CN202310746U (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2012-07-11 | 南京农业大学 | Protective pipe for improving survival rate of directly sown seedlings and transplanting seedlings of haloxylon plants |
CN102557837A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-11 | 兰州大学 | Halophilic and alkalophilic microorganism solid bacterial fertilizer of saline-alkaline habitat of desert and preparation method and application thereof |
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CN105340666A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-02-24 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Species disposition method for construction of economic ecological forest in drought area |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113575309A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-02 | 东北林业大学 | Intercropping dimming method for increasing fraxinellone content in root of densefruit pittany |
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Application publication date: 20160817 |
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