CN113575309A - Intercropping dimming method for increasing fraxinellone content in root of densefruit pittany - Google Patents
Intercropping dimming method for increasing fraxinellone content in root of densefruit pittany Download PDFInfo
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- XYYAFLHHHZVPRN-GXTWGEPZSA-N Fraxinellone Chemical compound C=1([C@@H]2OC(=O)C3=C(CCC[C@]32C)C)C=COC=1 XYYAFLHHHZVPRN-GXTWGEPZSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- WPNOWVWMZUYEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fraxinellone Natural products CC1=C2C(=O)OC(c3occc3)C2(C)CCC1 WPNOWVWMZUYEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 241000208689 Eucommia ulmoides Species 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 244000182625 Dictamnus albus Species 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000018274 Cunila origanoides Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014866 Dictamnus albus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000612118 Samolus valerandi Species 0.000 claims 8
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000123855 Dictamnus dasycarpus Species 0.000 abstract 8
- 241000208688 Eucommia Species 0.000 description 16
- 241000972672 Phellodendron Species 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009328 Amaranthus caudatus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001299817 Dictamnus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001146155 Emilia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019049 Emilia coccinea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001093501 Rutaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000111146 Sonchus arvensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008132 Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000024780 Urticaria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PBCJIPOGFJYBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetonitrile;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC#N PBCJIPOGFJYBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008176 lyophilized powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an intercropping dimming method for increasing the fraxinellone content in root of densefruit pittany, and belongs to the technical field of planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. In order to solve the problem that the fraxinellone content is low easily in the existing Dictamnus dasycarpus planting method, the invention provides an intercropping dimming method for improving the fraxinellone content in Dictamnus dasycarpus root, which is used for intercropping Dictamnus dasycarpus and eucommia ulmoides oliver, and specifically is used for intercropping 2-4 rows of Dictamnus dasycarpus with eucommia ulmoides oliver for every 1 row of leaves. According to the method, leaves with plant heights of 100-200 cm are shaded by eucommia ulmoides to create a shady and cool growing environment for the dictamnus dasycarpus, the fraxinellus ketone content in the dictamnus dasycarpus roots is effectively improved, the fraxinellus ketone content in the obtained dictamnus dasycarpus reaches 0.147%, and exceeds the requirement that the fraxinellus ketone content in pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China must not be less than 0.050%, the cultivation quality of medicinal plants is improved, the investment of manual shading links is reduced, the land utilization rate and the comprehensive income of medicinal material planting are effectively improved, the problems of long income period and large investment risk of the dictamnus dasycarpus planting are solved, and the risk resistance of farmers is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and particularly relates to an intercropping dimming method for increasing the content of fraxinellone in root of densefruit pittany root.
Background
Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz is a plant of the genus Dictamnus of the family Rutaceae. The Chinese medicinal material cortex dictamni is the dried root bark of the cortex dictamni, is a common Chinese medicinal material in China, is also called as the eight-thigh cattle, the cortex dictamni, the mutton smell, the sowthistle tasselflower herb and the like, and has the effects of dispelling wind, removing toxicity, clearing heat, eliminating dampness and the like. The cortex Dictamni Radicis is prepared from Fraxinellone and phellodendron ketone according to pharmacopoeia of people's republic of China 2020 edition, and contains Fraxinellone (C)14H16O3) Not less than 0.050%, and cortex PhellodendriKetone (C)26H34O7) Not less than 0.15%. Fraxinellone has strong activities of resisting inflammation, relieving pain, protecting liver, protecting nerve, resisting cancer, inhibiting bacteria, killing parasite, etc.; the phellodendron ketone has good anticancer and hypoglycemic activity. Chinese patent medicines, such as Shennong Baicao ointment, urticaria pills, damp toxin clearing capsules and the like, which are developed by taking the cortex dictamni as a main raw material have increased in demand and increased in price in years. The market demand of the dittany bark is about 3500t in 2020, a large amount of wild resources in a main production area are mined out of order, the growth environment of the dittany is greatly damaged, the resource reserves are continuously reduced, the contradiction between supply and demand is aggravated, and the large-scale artificial cultivation of the dittany is imperative to be vigorously developed.
At present, with the rapid development of the artificially planted dictamnus dasycarpus area, the quality and the benefit of medicinal materials become the focus of attention. The planting period of the dictamnus dasycarpus is long, generally 5 to 7 years, and the early income is low; the method is characterized in that the field planted dictamnus dasycarpus is easily damaged by strong light, and particularly in the seedling stage, the dictamnus dasycarpus is rarely shaded due to labor and cost factors; the problem of low content of fraxinellone and the like easily occurs in the planting of the dictamnus dasycarpus, the index requirements cannot be met, and the comprehensive benefit of the planting of the dictamnus dasycarpus is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the existing Dictamnus dasycarpus planting method is easy to cause low Fraxinellone content and cannot meet index requirements, the invention provides an intercropping dimming method for increasing the Fraxinellone content in Dictamnus dasycarpus root.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an intercropping dimming method for increasing the content of fraxinellone in the root of Densefruit Dictamni comprises intercropping Dictamni and folium Eucommiae, specifically intercropping 2-4 rows of Dictamni with folium Eucommiae in every 1 row.
Further, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, land selection and land preparation: selecting sandy loam with deep soil layer, good drainage and moist and fertile soil, deeply ploughing, finely raking, applying base fertilizer and ridging;
step two, transplanting eucommia ulmoides: selecting eucommia ulmoides with plant height of 100-200 cm for leaves, and carrying out hole planting on ridges;
step three, sowing or transplanting the fresh rice: furrowing and drilling on the ridges of the dictamnus dasycarpus seeds or hole planting on the ridges of the dictamnus dasycarpus seeds;
step four, field management: weeding and loosening the soil after the seedlings of the white fresh are aligned, and topdressing farmyard manure once in the last 6 th month every year;
step five, adjusting illumination and harvesting leaves of eucommia ulmoides oliver: collecting folium Eucommiae every year, wherein the amount of the remaining folium Eucommiae is white and fresh, and the shading rate is not less than 30%;
step six, collecting the dittany roots: and harvesting the dictamnus dasycarpus roots 5-6 years after the transplantation of the dictamnus dasycarpus.
Further, the deep ploughing depth in the first step is 20-30 cm; the ridging trend is east-west trend, the ridge distance is 40-80 cm, and the ridge height is 15-25 cm.
Further, the transplanting time of the eucommia ulmoides in the second step is after the leaves of the eucommia ulmoides fall in the end of autumn or before the leaves of the eucommia ulmoides sprout in early spring; the row spacing of transplanted eucommia ulmoides is 120-240 cm, and the plant spacing is 40-60 cm.
Further, in the third step, the depth of the furrows dug on the direct seeding ridges of the white fresh seeds is 3cm, and the thickness of the covering soil is 0.8-1.2 cm.
Further, the seedlings of the dictamnus dasycarpus in the third step are seedlings of 1-4 years; the plant distance of the hole planting on the ridges is 15-25 cm.
Further, the farm manure is applied once in the last 6 th of each year in the field management of the step four.
Further, the time for collecting the eucommia ulmoides leaves in the fifth step is spring, early summer and autumn every year; the amount of the remaining eucommia ulmoides leaves is 30-50% of the shade of the whitewashed spring, 50-80% of the shade of the summer and 30-60% of the shade of the autumn.
And further, before the dictamnus dasycarpus roots are harvested in the sixth step, the dictamnus dasycarpus seeds are harvested when the dictamnus dasycarpus seeds are mature, the harvesting method of the dictamnus dasycarpus seeds comprises the steps of shearing the mature cluster scissors and placing the cluster scissors into a bag, and automatically popping and collecting the aired seeds from capsules to obtain the dictamnus dasycarpus seeds.
Furthermore, the collecting of the dictamnus dasycarpus root in the sixth step is to dig out the dictamnus dasycarpus root after the overground part of the dictamnus dasycarpus is withered in autumn, clean, loose core and dry to obtain the cortex and the root core of the dictamnus dasycarpus root.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides intercropping dimming for improving the fraxinellone content in the root of densefruit pittanyThe method comprises intercropping cortex Eucommiae with cortex Dictamni Radicis, forming shade with cortex Eucommiae to create shade growth environment for cortex Dictamni Radicis, effectively increasing fraxinellone content in radix Dictamni Radicis, wherein fraxinellone content in cortex Dictamni Radicis reaches 0.147%, which exceeds fraxinellone (C) in pharmacopoeia of people's republic of China14H16O3) Not less than 0.050%, and improved cultivation quality of medicinal plants.
According to the method, leaf eucommia is utilized to provide shading, the investment of an artificial shading link in the Dictamnus dasycarpus cultivation is reduced, leaf picking income of the leaf eucommia every year is increased, the land utilization rate and the comprehensive income of medicinal material planting are effectively improved, the problems that the yield period of Dictamnus dasycarpus cultivation is long, the investment risk is large are solved, and the risk resistance of growers is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention. The process equipment or apparatus not specifically mentioned in the following examples are conventional in the art, and if not specifically mentioned, the raw materials and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available; unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples of the present invention are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an intercropping dimming method for increasing the content of fraxinellone in the root of densefruit pittany, which is to intercroph the root of densefruit pittany and the leaf of eucommia ulmoides, specifically intercroph the root of densefruit pittany for 3 rows of densefruit pittany in every 1 row of leaves; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, land selection and land preparation: selecting sandy loam with thick soil layer, good drainage and moist and fertile soil, deeply ploughing by 30cm in autumn of 2017, raking finely, applying base fertilizer 1000 kg/mu, and ridging in east and west rows, wherein the ridge distance is 40cm, and the ridge height is 20 cm;
step two, transplanting eucommia ulmoides: after leaves of eucommia ulmoides at the end of autumn are fallen, selecting eucommia ulmoides with plant height of 200cm for leaves, and carrying out hole planting on ridges, wherein the row spacing is 160cm, and the plant spacing is 50 cm;
step three, sowing or transplanting the fresh rice: in autumn of 2017, 3 rows of the seedlings of the white fresh are planted in the middle of each row of the leaf eucommia ulmoides, and the plant distance of the hole planting on the ridges is 20 cm;
step four, field management: weeding and loosening the seedlings of the whites, topdressing farmyard manure once in the first 6 th month days, wherein the topdressing amount is 800kg/667m2；
Step five, adjusting illumination and harvesting leaves of eucommia ulmoides oliver: harvesting folium cortex eucommiae once in the first ten days of 6 months, wherein the amount of the remaining folium eucommiae is white and fresh, and the shading rate reaches 30-50%; the eucommia leaves are collected once in the last ten days of 7 months, the quantity of the remaining eucommia leaves is white and fresh, and the shading rate reaches 50-80%.
Step six, collecting the dittany roots: in autumn of 2020, after overground part of Dictamnus dasycarpus is withered, the Dictamnus dasycarpus root is dug out, cleaned, core-pulled and air-dried to obtain cortex Dictamni dasycarpus and root core.
The contents of fraxinellone and phellodendron ketone in cortex dictamni in this example were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with reference to the determination of cortex dictamni content in the ' pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China ' 2020 edition. The specific determination method is as follows:
chromatographic conditions are as follows:
a chromatographic column: waters Symmetry C18(250mmX4.6mm,5 μm);
mobile phase: gradient elution with acetonitrile-water (0-20 min, 45-55%);
detection wavelengths 236nm and 210 nm;
the number of theoretical plates should not be less than 3000 calculated as Fraxinellone peak.
Preparation of a sample solution:
accurately weighing 2g of cortex Dictamni Radicis lyophilized powder, placing in a conical flask with a plug, adding 20mL of methanol, sealing, ultrasonically extracting at 40 deg.C (100W, 40kHz) for 1h, cooling to fix weight, supplementing lost water with methanol, shaking, filtering with 0.45 μm filter membrane, and detecting with Waters e2695-2998 high performance liquid chromatograph.
The cortex dictamni planted by the embodiment contains 0.143 percent of fraxinellone and 0.542 percent of phellodendron ketone by detection, and conforms to fraxinellone (C) in pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China14H16O3) Not less than 0.050%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an intercropping dimming method for increasing the content of fraxinellone in the root of densefruit pittany, which is to intercroph the root of densefruit pittany and the leaf of eucommia ulmoides, specifically intercroph the root of densefruit pittany for 2 rows of densefruit pittany in every 1 row of leaves; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, land selection and land preparation: selecting sandy loam with thick soil layer, good drainage and moist and fertile soil, deeply ploughing by 20cm in autumn of 2017, raking finely, applying base fertilizer 1000 kg/mu, and ridging in the east and west directions of rows, wherein the ridge distance is 50cm, and the ridge height is 20 cm;
step two, transplanting eucommia ulmoides: after leaves of eucommia ulmoides at the end of autumn are fallen, selecting eucommia ulmoides with plant height of 150cm for leaves, and carrying out hole planting on ridges, wherein the row spacing is 150cm, and the plant spacing is 50 cm;
step three, sowing or transplanting the fresh rice: in autumn of 2017, planting 2 rows of 3-year-old Baixian seedlings in the middle of each row of leaf eucommia ulmoides, wherein the distance between the seedlings planted in the holes on the ridges is 20 cm;
step four, field management: weeding and loosening the seedlings of the whites, topdressing farmyard manure once in the first 6 th month days, wherein the topdressing amount is 800kg/667m2；
Step five, adjusting illumination and harvesting leaves of eucommia ulmoides oliver: harvesting folium cortex eucommiae once in the first ten days of 6 months, wherein the amount of the remaining folium eucommiae is white and fresh, and the shading rate reaches 30-50%; the eucommia leaves are collected once in the last ten days of 7 months, the quantity of the remaining eucommia leaves is white and fresh, and the shading rate reaches 50-80%.
Step six, collecting the dittany roots: in autumn of 2020, after overground part of Dictamnus dasycarpus is withered, the Dictamnus dasycarpus root is dug out, cleaned, core-pulled and air-dried to obtain cortex Dictamni dasycarpus and root core.
The contents of fraxinellone and phellodendron ketone in cortex dictamni in this example were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with reference to the determination of cortex dictamni content in the ' pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China ' 2020 edition. The cortex dictamni planted by the embodiment contains 0.147 percent of fraxinellone and 0.505 percent of phellodendron ketone by detection, and conforms to fraxinellone (C) in pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China14H16O3) Not less than 0.050%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an intercropping dimming method for increasing the content of fraxinellone in the root of densefruit pittany, which is to intercroph the root of densefruit pittany and the leaf of eucommia ulmoides, specifically intercroph the root of densefruit pittany for 3 rows of densefruit pittany in every 1 row of leaves; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, land selection and land preparation: selecting sandy loam with thick soil layer, good drainage and moist and fertile soil, deeply ploughing for 30cm in autumn of 2015, finely raking, applying base fertilizer for 1000 kg/mu, and ridging in east and west rows, wherein the ridge distance is 40cm, and the ridge height is 20 cm;
step two, transplanting eucommia ulmoides: after leaves of eucommia ulmoides at the end of autumn are fallen, selecting eucommia ulmoides with plant height of 200cm for leaves, and carrying out hole planting on ridges, wherein the row spacing is 160cm, and the plant spacing is 50 cm;
step three, sowing or transplanting the fresh rice: in autumn of 2015, 3 rows of white fresh seeds are planted in the middle of each row of leaf eucommia ulmoides, and the seeds are sowed by adopting a method of ditching on ridges, wherein the depth of ditches is 3cm, and the thickness of covering soil is 0.8-1.2 cm; the plant spacing is 20 cm;
step four, field management: weeding and loosening the seedlings of the whites, topdressing farmyard manure once in the first 6 th month days, wherein the topdressing amount is 800kg/667m2；
Step five, adjusting illumination and harvesting leaves of eucommia ulmoides oliver: harvesting folium cortex eucommiae once in the first ten days of 6 months, wherein the amount of the remaining folium eucommiae is white and fresh, and the shading rate reaches 30-50%; harvesting the eucommia leaves once in the last ten days of 7 months, wherein the quantity of the remaining eucommia leaves is white and fresh, and the shading rate reaches 50-80%; harvesting the eucommia leaves once in ten days of 8 months, wherein the quantity of the remaining eucommia leaves is white and fresh, and the shading rate reaches 30-60%;
step six, collecting the dittany roots: in autumn of 2020, after overground part of Dictamnus dasycarpus is withered, the Dictamnus dasycarpus root is dug out, cleaned, core-pulled and air-dried to obtain cortex Dictamni dasycarpus and root core.
The contents of fraxinellone and phellodendron ketone in cortex dictamni in this example were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with reference to the determination of cortex dictamni content in the ' pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China ' 2020 edition. The cortex dictamni planted in the embodiment contains 0.125% of fraxinellone and 0.452% of phellodendron ketone by detection, and conforms to fraxinellone (C) in pharmacopoeia of people's republic of China14H16O3) Not less than 0.050%.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an intercropping dimming method for increasing the content of fraxinellone in the root of densefruit pittany, which is to intercroph the root of densefruit pittany and the leaf of eucommia ulmoides, specifically intercroph the root of densefruit pittany for 4 rows of densefruit pittany in every 1 row of leaves; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, land selection and land preparation: selecting sandy loam with thick soil layer, good drainage and moist and fertile soil, deeply ploughing by 30cm in autumn of 2016, raking finely, applying base fertilizer 1000 kg/mu, ridging in east and west directions of rows, wherein the ridge distance is 40cm, and the ridge height is 20 cm;
step two, transplanting eucommia ulmoides: after leaves of eucommia ulmoides at the end of autumn are fallen, selecting eucommia ulmoides with plant height of 200cm for leaves, and carrying out hole planting on ridges, wherein the row spacing is 200cm, and the plant spacing is 50 cm;
step three, sowing or transplanting the fresh rice: in 2016 autumn, 4 rows of 2-year-old Dictamnus dasycarpus seedlings are planted in the middle of each row of leaf eucommia ulmoides, and the distance between the seedlings planted in the holes on the ridges is 20 cm;
step four, field management: weeding and loosening the seedlings of the whites, topdressing farmyard manure once in the first 6 th month days, wherein the topdressing amount is 800kg/667m2；
Step five, adjusting illumination and harvesting leaves of eucommia ulmoides oliver: harvesting folium cortex eucommiae once in the first ten days of 6 months, wherein the amount of the remaining folium eucommiae is white and fresh, and the shading rate reaches 30-50%; harvesting the eucommia leaves once in the last ten days of 7 months, wherein the quantity of the remaining eucommia leaves is white and fresh, and the shading rate reaches 50-80%; harvesting the eucommia leaves once in ten days of 8 months, wherein the quantity of the remaining eucommia leaves is white and fresh, and the shading rate reaches 30-60%;
step six, collecting the dittany roots: in 2020, the seeds begin to bloom from the first ten days of May to the first ten days of June, the seeds in the middle and last days of July are mature, and the harvesting mode is that mature fruit cluster scissors are cut off and put into a bag, and the aired seeds are automatically popped out from capsules and collected to obtain the Baixian seeds. In autumn of 2020, after overground part of Dictamnus dasycarpus is withered, the Dictamnus dasycarpus root is dug out, cleaned, core-pulled and air-dried to obtain cortex Dictamni dasycarpus and root core.
The contents of fraxinellone and phellodendron ketone in cortex dictamni in this example were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with reference to the determination of cortex dictamni content in the ' pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China ' 2020 edition. The cortex dictamni planted in the embodiment contains 0.131% of fraxinellone and 0.481% of phellodendron ketone by detection, and conforms to fraxinellone (C) in pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China14H16O3) Not less than 0.050%.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment provides a conventional planting method of dictamnus dasycarpus, which comprises the following specific steps:
selecting sandy loam with thick soil layer, good drainage and moist and fertile soil, deeply ploughing by 30cm in autumn of 2017, raking finely, applying base fertilizer 1000 kg/mu, and ridging in east and west rows, wherein the ridge distance is 40cm, and the ridge height is 20 cm; hole planting 3-year-old Densefruit seedlings on ridges with a plant spacing of 20 cm; normal field management, applying farmyard manure once in the first ten days of 6 months, wherein the top dressing amount is 800kg/667m2(ii) a In autumn of 2020, after overground part of Dictamnus dasycarpus is withered, the Dictamnus dasycarpus root is dug out, cleaned, core-pulled and air-dried to obtain cortex Dictamni dasycarpus and root core.
The contents of fraxinellone and phellodendron ketone in cortex dictamni in this example were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with reference to the determination of cortex dictamni content in the ' pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China ' 2020 edition. According to the detection, the cortex dictamni planted by the comparative example contains 0.104 percent of fraxinellone and 0.487 percent of phellodendron ketone, and cannot meet the fraxinellone (C) in pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China14H16O3) Not less than 0.050%.
The comparison of the contents of the cortex dictamni fraxinellone and the phellodendron ketone obtained in the examples and the comparative examples shows that the cortex dictamni fraxinellone and the folium cortex eucommiae are intercropped, the folium cortex eucommiae is used for forming shading to create a shady and cool growing environment for the cortex dictamni, the content of the fraxinellone in the root of the cortex dictamni fraxinellone is effectively increased, and the cortex dictamni fraxinellone conforms to fraxinellone (C) in pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China14H16O3) Not less than 0.050%, and improved cultivation quality of medicinal plants.
According to the method, leaf eucommia is utilized to provide shading, the investment of an artificial shading link in the Dictamnus dasycarpus cultivation is reduced, leaf picking income of the leaf eucommia every year is increased, the land utilization rate and the comprehensive income of medicinal material planting are effectively improved, the problems that the yield period of Dictamnus dasycarpus cultivation is long, the investment risk is large are solved, and the risk resistance of growers is improved.
Claims (10)
1. An intercropping dimming method for increasing the content of fraxinellone in the root of densefruit pittany is characterized in that the leaves of densefruit pittany are intercropped with eucommia ulmoides, and specifically, the leaves of every 1 row are intercropped with the cortex eucommiae to form 2-4 rows of densefruit pity.
2. The intercropping dimming method for increasing the fraxinellone content in the dictamnus dasycarpus root according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
step one, land selection and land preparation: selecting sandy loam, deeply ploughing, raking finely, applying base fertilizer and ridging;
step two, transplanting eucommia ulmoides: selecting eucommia ulmoides with plant height of 100-200 cm for leaves, and carrying out hole planting on ridges;
step three, sowing or transplanting the fresh rice: furrowing and drilling on the ridges of the dictamnus dasycarpus seeds or hole planting on the ridges of the dictamnus dasycarpus seeds;
step four, field management: weeding and loosening the soil after the white fresh seedlings are aligned;
step five, adjusting illumination and harvesting leaves of eucommia ulmoides oliver: collecting folium Eucommiae every year, wherein the amount of the remaining folium Eucommiae is white and fresh, and the shading rate is not less than 30%;
step six, collecting the dittany roots: and harvesting the dictamnus dasycarpus roots 5-6 years after the transplantation of the dictamnus dasycarpus.
3. The intercropping dimming method for increasing the fraxinellone content in the dictamnus dasycarpus root as claimed in claim 2, wherein the deep plowing depth in the first step is 20-30 cm; the ridging trend is east-west trend, the ridge distance is 40-80 cm, and the ridge height is 15-25 cm.
4. The intercropping dimming method for increasing the fraxinellone content in the dictamnus dasycarpus root as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the eucommia ulmoides transplantation time in the second step is after autumn leaves of eucommia ulmoides or before early spring leaves of eucommia ulmoides; the row spacing of transplanted eucommia ulmoides is 120-240 cm, and the plant spacing is 40-60 cm.
5. The intercropping dimming method for increasing the fraxinellone content in the dictamnus dasycarpus bunge as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the third step, furrows are dug on direct seeding ridges of the dictamnus dasycarpus bunge seeds, the depth of the furrows is 3cm, and the thickness of covering soil is 0.8-1.2 cm.
6. The intercropping dimming method for increasing the fraxinellone content in the dictamnus dasycarpus root as claimed in claim 5, wherein the seedling of the dictamnus dasycarpus in the third step is a seedling of 1-4 years; the plant distance of the hole planting on the ridges is 15-25 cm.
7. The intercropping dimming method for increasing fraxinellone content in dictamnus dasycarpus root according to claim 6, wherein the field management of the fourth step is to apply farmyard manure once in 6 months per year.
8. The intercropping dimming method for increasing fraxinellone content in dictamnus dasycarpus root as claimed in claim 7, wherein the time for collecting folium cortex eucommiae every year in step five is spring, early summer and autumn; the amount of the remaining eucommia ulmoides leaves is 30-50% of the shade of the whitewashed spring, 50-80% of the shade of the summer and 30-60% of the shade of the autumn.
9. The intercropping dimming method for increasing the content of fraxinellone in the dictamnus dasycarpus bunge as claimed in claim 8, wherein before the dictamnus dasycarpus bunge is harvested in the sixth step, the dictamnus dasycarpus bunge seeds are harvested when the dictamnus dasycarpus bunge seeds are mature, the harvesting method of the dictamnus dasycarpus bunge seeds comprises the steps of cutting the mature fruit cluster scissors and placing the cut fruit cluster scissors in a bag, and automatically ejecting and collecting the aired seeds from capsules to obtain the dictamnus dasycarpus bunge seeds.
10. The intercropping dimming method for increasing the fraxinellone content in the dictamnus dasycarpus root as claimed in claim 9, wherein the collecting of the dictamnus dasycarpus root in the sixth step is to dig out the dictamnus dasycarpus root after the overground part of the dictamnus dasycarpus root withers in autumn, wash, loose the core and air dry the root to obtain the cortex and the core of the dictamnus dasycarpus root.
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