CN105993780A - Method for intercropping jujube and eucommia ulmoides in arid desert area - Google Patents
Method for intercropping jujube and eucommia ulmoides in arid desert area Download PDFInfo
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- CN105993780A CN105993780A CN201610376059.XA CN201610376059A CN105993780A CN 105993780 A CN105993780 A CN 105993780A CN 201610376059 A CN201610376059 A CN 201610376059A CN 105993780 A CN105993780 A CN 105993780A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- seedling
- cortex eucommiae
- fructus jujubae
- arid
- jujube
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for intercropping jujube and eucommia ulmoides in an arid desert area. The method includes the following steps of 1, excavation of jujube planting furrows; 2, excavation of intercropped eucommia ulmoides planting furrows; 3, seedling selecting, wherein one-year-old jujube seedlings without disease and pest damage and one-year-old eucommia ulmoides seedlings without disease and pest damage are selected; 4, planting, wherein after soil is unfrozen in spring of the next year, the jujube seedlings and the eucommia ulmoides seedlings are pulled up and then immediately planted through a seedling planting device; 5, field management. According to the method, as the jujube and the eucommia ulmoides are intercropped, reciprocal symbiosis of the jujube and the eucommia ulmoides under the arid desert condition can be achieved, the problems that when only the jujube is planted, benefits are single, and the survival rate of plants is low are solved, organic unification of ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits of desert governing is achieved, and technical supports are provided for safe and efficient agricultural yielding of the arid desert area accordingly.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to a kind of intercropping in forestry and Desertification Control field, particularly relates to a kind of arid
Desert Regions Fructus Jujubae and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method.
Background technology
The desertification situation of China is the severeest, is one of serious country of desertification in the world, how to administer desertification
Have become as a difficult problem in the urgent need to address.
The Cortex Eucommiae is deciduous tree, and adaptability is very strong, and distribution is wide, can cultivate in China's most area.The Cortex Eucommiae is at sun
Light is sufficient, grows best in well-drained environment, and it is the strictest to the requirement of soil.Desert Regions awful weather, lack water
Source, the Cortex Eucommiae of therefore planting in arid-desert area wastes time and energy, labor intensity is big.
Fructus Jujubae is Rhamnaceae, defoliation small arbor, and its fruit has the good reputation of " natural complex ball ", has the merit that well keeps healthy
Effect.Jujube tree is drought-enduring, Fructus Jujubae happiness photosensitiveness is strong, and light reflex is more sensitive, strong to soil suitability, impoverishment tolerant, Salt And Alkali Tolerance.But, red
During Fructus Jujubae afforestation, it is contemplated that competitive relation between plant and plant after growing into forest under the conditions of desert is exceedingly odious, every mu
Being only suitable for planting Fructus Lycii 40 ~ 50, therefore cause between first 1 ~ 3 year, Fructus Jujubae plant cover degree is little, and preventing and fixing sand ecological effect is relatively
Difference；And plant single Fructus Jujubae plant, anti-disaster ability is weak, and lie dormant the disastrous risks such as pest and disease damage.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide and a kind of realizes the ecology of desert treatment, economic and social benefit
The arid-desert area Fructus Jujubae of organic unity and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method.
For solving the problems referred to above, a kind of arid-desert area of the present invention Fructus Jujubae and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method, including
Following steps:
(1) the excavation of Fructus Jujubae plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction output a wide 40 ~ 50cm,
The furrow of deep 40 ~ 50cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 4 ~ 5m；
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Autumn the previous year is opened one by east-west direction in plantation in the furrow of described Fructus Jujubae with the region that spacing is 4 ~ 5m of furrow
Wide 40 ~ the 50cm of bar, the Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch of deep 30 ~ 40cm, by every mu of farm manure executing 3000 ~ 4000kg ripening before broadcasting spring；
(3) select Seedling:
Select the annual Fructus Jujubae seedling without pest and disease damage and Cortex Eucommiae seedling；
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, by the spacing in the rows employing seedling cultivation device of 2 ~ 3m with rising with planting described Fructus Jujubae seedling, and press
The spacing in the rows of 1.8 ~ 2.5m uses described seedling cultivation device to plant described Cortex Eucommiae seedling；
(5) field management measure:
1. water: all pour water after described Fructus Jujubae seedling and described Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting；
Middle weeding: annual spring and summer are respectively except once careless；
3. fertilising: described Fructus Jujubae seedling and described Cortex Eucommiae seedling First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline micro-
Biosolids bacterial manure 300 ~ 500kg, Second Year spring and autumn combines every strain of pouring water and spreads manuer in holes carbamide 150 ~ 250g, described Cortex Eucommiae seedling 8
Fertilising is stopped after month；
4. pruning: prune jujube tree, cultivates tree-like；
5. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Described step (4) in seedling cultivation device include handle, connecting rod and " u "-shaped fork；One end of described connecting rod is provided with
Described handle, its other end is provided with described " u "-shaped fork.
Described handle is long 10 ~ 15cm, the steel pipe of diameter 3 ~ 3.5cm.
Described connecting rod is long 50 ~ 60cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 1 ~ 2cm.
Described " u "-shaped fork is long 4 ~ 5cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 0.5 ~ 1cm, the two ends of this " u "-shaped fork are tapering and two-end-point
Width is from for 3 ~ 4cm.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1, the trench digging time of the present invention is early winter autumn end.This time period is the time in slack season, and utilization now carries out trench digging can't
Delay the operation of normal farming, it is also possible to adequately and reasonably utilize human resources, reach the purpose got twice the result with half the effort.
2, the present invention fills and leads up opened furrow by the wind-force of the Nature, it is not necessary to manually carries out the loaded down with trivial details sand that covers of machinery and fills out
Bury work, and then reduce labor intensity significantly, make work efficiency significantly improve, effectively save labour force, greatly reduce
Cost of forestation.
3, the seedling cultivation device that the present invention uses, the shortcoming overcoming landfill time and effort consuming of digging pit in tradition planting system,
And shorten the time of planting, make plantation efficiency be greatly improved.
4, the present invention is by Fructus Jujubae and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, it is possible to achieve under the conditions of arid desert, Fructus Jujubae and the Cortex Eucommiae is reciprocal common
Raw, not only solve the only plantation problems such as Fructus Jujubae benefit is single, plant survival rate is low, and reach the ecology of desert treatment, warp
Ji and the organic unity of social benefit, thus provide technical support for the efficient output of arid-desert area agricultural safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1 handle 2 connecting rod 3 " u "-shaped fork.
Detailed description of the invention
1 one kinds of arid-desert area Fructus Jujubaes of embodiment and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method, comprise the following steps:
(1) the excavation of Fructus Jujubae plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then outputs a wide 40cm, deep with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction
The furrow of 40cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 4m.Arid-desert area dust storm is big, through one winter northwester will blow
The ditch opened is filled and led up by dynamic fine sand.
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Plantation autumn the previous year in furrow and the region that the spacing of furrow is 4m of Fructus Jujubae by east-west direction open one wide
40cm, the Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch of deep 30cm, by every mu of farm manure executing 3000kg ripening before broadcasting spring.
(3) select Seedling:
Select the annual Fructus Jujubae seedling without pest and disease damage and Cortex Eucommiae seedling.
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, in Fructus Jujubae plantation ditch and in Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, all it is filled with fine sand；Now, by the strain of 2m
Away from employing seedling cultivation device (application number: 201620463608.2) with rising with planting Fructus Jujubae seedling, and the spacing in the rows pressing 1.8m uses children
Seedling planter plantation Cortex Eucommiae seedling.That is:, in seedling root is stuck in " u "-shaped fork 3 by operator, one holds handle 1, and one is hand-held
Playing seedling, enter in soil by seedling cultivation device oblique cutting, tramp with one's feet reality, keeps seedling upright simultaneously.The degree of depth inserted is moderate, protects
Card soil covers whole roots of seedling, and seedling does not falls.
Wherein:
Seedling cultivation device includes that handle 1, connecting rod 2 and " u "-shaped fork 3(are as shown in Figure 1).One end of connecting rod 2 is provided with handle 1,
Its other end is provided with " u "-shaped fork 3.
Handle 1 is long 10 ~ 15cm, the steel pipe of diameter 3 ~ 3.5cm.Connecting rod 2 is long 50 ~ 60cm, the steel of diameter 1 ~ 2cm
Muscle." u "-shaped fork 3 be long 4 ~ 5cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 0.5 ~ 1cm, this " u "-shaped pitch 3 two ends are tapering and two-end-point width from for
3~4cm。
(5) field management measure:
1. water: all pour water after seedling and Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting.
Pouring water after Fructus Jujubae Seeding planting, June draws water to water with waterwheel, and every strain is poured water 2kg；Mid or late October fills 1
Secondary water of surviving the winter；Fill a water after Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting every other month, improve the survival rate of Cortex Eucommiae seedling, can be in sweltering heat after growing up
Summer once pour water.
Middle weeding: annual spring and summer are respectively except once careless.
3. fertilising: Fructus Jujubae seedling and Cortex Eucommiae seedling First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microorganism
Solid bacterial manure (patent No.: ZL201110443305.6) 300kg, Second Year spring and autumn combines every strain of pouring water and spreads manuer in holes carbamide 150g；
Cortex Eucommiae seedling stops fertilising, in order to avoid affecting its winter resistance after August.
4. pruning: prune jujube tree, cultivates tree-like.Florescence flower thinning, really phase vegetables and fruits, it is ensured that the quality of fruit.
5. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the root rot that the Cortex Eucommiae is common, can prevent and treat by spraying 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate；Leaf
Rot, uses Bordeaux mixture or 500 times of liquid of 65% zineb to prevent and treat；Fructus Jujubae sprays 5 degree of Baume lime sulfurs to prevent and treat first
The insects such as mouth worm, red spider, tetranychid；Be used alternatingly Bordeaux mixture 200 again with 800 times of liquid of 70% Mancozeb, preventing and treating jujube rust,
Black rot, anthrax etc..
The inventive method finds through reality application, and after using technique intercropping, Fructus Jujubae increases respectively with Cortex Eucommiae survival rate
Add 15.79% and 16.63%, improve plantation efficiency, be greatly saved the time needed for plantation and labour force.
2 one kinds of arid-desert area Fructus Jujubaes of embodiment and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method, comprise the following steps:
(1) the excavation of Fructus Jujubae plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then outputs a wide 45cm, deep with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction
The furrow of 45cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 4.5m.Arid-desert area dust storm is big, through one winter northwester will
Blow fine sand to be filled and led up by the ditch opened.
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Plantation autumn the previous year in furrow and the region that the spacing of furrow is 4.5m of Fructus Jujubae by east-west direction open one wide
45cm, the Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch of deep 35cm, by every mu of farm manure executing 3500kg ripening before broadcasting spring.
(3) select Seedling with embodiment 1.
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, in Fructus Jujubae plantation ditch and in Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, all it is filled with fine sand；Now, by 2.5m's
Spacing in the rows employing seedling cultivation device (application number: 201620463608.2) is with rising with planting Fructus Jujubae seedling, and the spacing in the rows pressing 2.2m uses
Seedling cultivation device plantation Cortex Eucommiae seedling.That is:, in seedling root is stuck in " u "-shaped fork 3 by operator, one holds handle 1, on the other hand
Picking up seedling, enter in soil by seedling cultivation device oblique cutting, tramp with one's feet reality, keeps seedling upright simultaneously.The degree of depth inserted is moderate,
Ensure that soil covers whole roots of seedling, and seedling does not falls.
Wherein seedling cultivation device is with embodiment 1.
(5) field management measure:
1. water same embodiment 1.
Middle weeding is with embodiment 1.
3. fertilising: Fructus Jujubae seedling and Cortex Eucommiae seedling First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microorganism
Solid bacterial manure (patent No.: ZL201110443305.6) 400kg, Second Year spring and autumn combines every strain of pouring water and spreads manuer in holes carbamide 200g；
Cortex Eucommiae seedling stops fertilising, in order to avoid affecting its winter resistance after August.
4. pruning is with embodiment 1.
5. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is with embodiment 1.
The inventive method finds through reality application, and after using technique intercropping, Fructus Jujubae increases respectively with Cortex Eucommiae survival rate
Add 15.93% and 16.92%, improve plantation efficiency, be greatly saved the time needed for plantation and labour force.
3 one kinds of arid-desert area Fructus Jujubaes of embodiment and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method, comprise the following steps:
(1) the excavation of Fructus Jujubae plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then outputs a wide 50cm, deep with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction
The furrow of 50cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 5m.Arid-desert area dust storm is big, through one winter northwester will blow
The ditch opened is filled and led up by dynamic fine sand.
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Plantation autumn the previous year in furrow and the region that the spacing of furrow is 5m of Fructus Jujubae by east-west direction open one wide
50cm, the Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch of deep 40cm, by every mu of farm manure executing 4000kg ripening before broadcasting spring.
(3) select Seedling with embodiment 1.
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, in Fructus Jujubae plantation ditch and in Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, all it is filled with fine sand；Now, by the strain of 3m
Away from employing seedling cultivation device (application number: 201620463608.2) with rising with planting Fructus Jujubae seedling, and the spacing in the rows pressing 2.5m uses children
Seedling planter plantation Cortex Eucommiae seedling.That is:, in seedling root is stuck in " u "-shaped fork 3 by operator, one holds handle 1, and one is hand-held
Playing seedling, enter in soil by seedling cultivation device oblique cutting, tramp with one's feet reality, keeps seedling upright simultaneously.The degree of depth inserted is moderate, protects
Card soil covers whole roots of seedling, and seedling does not falls.
Wherein seedling cultivation device is with embodiment 1.
(5) field management measure:
1. water same embodiment 1.
Middle weeding is with embodiment 1.
3. fertilising: Fructus Jujubae seedling and Cortex Eucommiae seedling First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microorganism
Solid bacterial manure (patent No.: ZL201110443305.6) 500kg, Second Year spring and autumn combines every strain of pouring water and spreads manuer in holes carbamide 250g；
Cortex Eucommiae seedling stops fertilising, in order to avoid affecting its winter resistance after August.
4. pruning is with embodiment 1.
5. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is with embodiment 1.
The inventive method finds through reality application, and after using technique intercropping, Fructus Jujubae increases respectively with Cortex Eucommiae survival rate
Add 16.21% and 16.98%, improve plantation efficiency, be greatly saved the time needed for plantation and labour force.
Claims (5)
1. arid-desert area Fructus Jujubae and a Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method, comprises the following steps:
(1) the excavation of Fructus Jujubae plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction output a wide 40 ~ 50cm,
The furrow of deep 40 ~ 50cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 4 ~ 5m；
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Autumn the previous year is opened one by east-west direction in plantation in the furrow of described Fructus Jujubae with the region that spacing is 4 ~ 5m of furrow
Wide 40 ~ the 50cm of bar, the Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch of deep 30 ~ 40cm, by every mu of farm manure executing 3000 ~ 4000kg ripening before broadcasting spring；
(3) select Seedling:
Select the annual Fructus Jujubae seedling without pest and disease damage and Cortex Eucommiae seedling；
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, by the spacing in the rows employing seedling cultivation device of 2 ~ 3m with rising with planting described Fructus Jujubae seedling, and press
The spacing in the rows of 1.8 ~ 2.5m uses described seedling cultivation device to plant described Cortex Eucommiae seedling；
(5) field management measure:
1. water: all pour water after described Fructus Jujubae seedling and described Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting；
Middle weeding: annual spring and summer are respectively except once careless；
3. fertilising: described Fructus Jujubae seedling and described Cortex Eucommiae seedling First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline micro-
Biosolids bacterial manure 300 ~ 500kg, Second Year spring and autumn combines every strain of pouring water and spreads manuer in holes carbamide 150 ~ 250g, described Cortex Eucommiae seedling 8
Fertilising is stopped after month；
4. pruning: prune jujube tree, cultivates tree-like；
5. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
2. a kind of arid-desert area as claimed in claim 1 Fructus Jujubae and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method, it is characterised in that: described step
The most (4) the seedling cultivation device in includes handle (1), connecting rod (2) and " u "-shaped fork (3)；One end of described connecting rod (2) is provided with institute
Stating handle (1), its other end is provided with described " u "-shaped fork (3).
3. a kind of arid-desert area as claimed in claim 2 Fructus Jujubae and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method, it is characterised in that: described hands
Handle (1) is long 10 ~ 15cm, the steel pipe of diameter 3 ~ 3.5cm.
4. a kind of arid-desert area as claimed in claim 2 Fructus Jujubae and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method, it is characterised in that: described company
Extension bar (2) is long 50 ~ 60cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 1 ~ 2cm.
5. a kind of arid-desert area as claimed in claim 2 Fructus Jujubae and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping method, it is characterised in that: described
" u "-shaped fork (3) is long 4 ~ 5cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 0.5 ~ 1cm, the two ends of this " u "-shaped fork (3) are tapering and two-end-point width from
It is 3 ~ 4cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610376059.XA CN105993780A (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2016-05-31 | Method for intercropping jujube and eucommia ulmoides in arid desert area |
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| CN201610376059.XA CN105993780A (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2016-05-31 | Method for intercropping jujube and eucommia ulmoides in arid desert area |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112449968A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-09 | 贺得辉 | Interplanting cultivation method for red dates and edible roses in desert area |
| CN113692936A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-26 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Light and simplified bare-rooted seedling planting device and working method |
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| CN113692936A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-26 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Light and simplified bare-rooted seedling planting device and working method |
| CN113692936B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-10-31 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Bare-rooted seedling light-simplified planting device and working method |
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