CN105941059A - Caragana microphylla and eucommia ulmoides intercropping method in arid desert region - Google Patents
Caragana microphylla and eucommia ulmoides intercropping method in arid desert region Download PDFInfo
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- CN105941059A CN105941059A CN201610376063.6A CN201610376063A CN105941059A CN 105941059 A CN105941059 A CN 105941059A CN 201610376063 A CN201610376063 A CN 201610376063A CN 105941059 A CN105941059 A CN 105941059A
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- cortex eucommiae
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- seedling
- intercropping
- arid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention relates to a caragana microphylla and eucommia ulmoides intercropping method in an arid desert region. The method comprises the following steps that 1, caragana microphylla planting furrows are dug; 2, intercropping eucommia ulmoides planting furrows are dug; 3, seedlings are selected, wherein one-year-old caragana microphylla seedlings free of pest and disease damage and one-year-old eucommia ulmoides seedlings free of pest and disease damage are selected; 4, the seedlings are planted, wherein after soil is unfrozen in spring of the second year, a seedling planter is adopted for planting the caragana microphylla and eucommia ulmoides seedlings immediately after the caragana microphylla and eucommia ulmoides seedlings are dug out; 5 field management measures are taken. By means of intercropping of caragana microphylla and eucommia ulmoides, reciprocal symbiosis of caragana microphylla and eucommia ulmoides can be achieved under the arid desert condition, the problems that caragana microphylla planting has single benefit and the plant survival rate is low are solved, organic unification of desert treatment ecological, economic and social benefits is achieved, and therefore a technical support is provided for safe and efficient output of agriculture in the arid desert region.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to a kind of intercropping in forestry and Desertification Control field, particularly relates to a kind of arid
Desert Regions Herba Caraganae intermediae and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping.
Background technology
The desertification situation of China is the severeest, is one of serious country of desertification in the world, how to administer desertification
Have become as a difficult problem in the urgent need to address.
The Cortex Eucommiae is deciduous tree, and adaptability is very strong, and distribution is wide, can cultivate in China's most area.The Cortex Eucommiae is at sun
Light is sufficient, grows best in well-drained environment, and it is the strictest to the requirement of soil.
Herba Caraganae intermediae (Caragana microphylla) is the important shrub species of northern China water and soil conservation and dune-fixating forestation,
There is the important ecological value and economic implications.But, during Herba Caraganae intermediae is planted trees, it is contemplated that the exceedingly odious condition of desert
Under grow into forest after competitive relation between plant and plant, every mu is only suitable for planting Herba Caraganae intermediae 300 ~ 500 clumps, therefore causes before growing into forest
1 ~ 4 year between, Herba Caraganae intermediae plant cover degree is little, and preventing and fixing sand ecological effect is poor；And plant single Herba Caraganae intermediae plant, anti-disaster energy
Power is weak, and lie dormant the disastrous risks such as pest and disease damage.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide and a kind of realizes the ecology of desert treatment, economic and social benefit
The arid-desert area Herba Caraganae intermediae of organic unity and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping.
For solving the problems referred to above, a kind of arid-desert area of the present invention Herba Caraganae intermediae and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, wrap
Include following steps:
(1) the excavation of Herba Caraganae intermediae plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction output a wide 35 ~ 45cm,
The furrow of deep 20 ~ 25cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 3 ~ 5m；
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Autumn the previous year is opened one by east-west direction in plantation in the furrow of described Herba Caraganae intermediae with the region that spacing is 3 ~ 5m of furrow
Wide 40 ~ the 50cm of bar, deep 30 ~ 40cm Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, by every mu of farm manure executing 2000 ~ 2500kg ripening before broadcasting spring；
(3) select Seedling:
Select life in 1 year without the Caragana korshinskii Juvenile of pest and disease damage and life in 1 year without the Cortex Eucommiae seedling of pest and disease damage；
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, by the spacing in the rows employing seedling cultivation device of 1 ~ 1.5m with rising with planting described Caragana korshinskii Juvenile, and
Described seedling cultivation device is used to plant described Cortex Eucommiae seedling by the spacing in the rows of 1.8 ~ 2.5m；
(5) field management measure:
1. water: all pour water after described Caragana korshinskii Juvenile and described Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting；
Middle weeding: the Cortex Eucommiae annual spring and summer are respectively except once careless；
3. fertilising: the described Cortex Eucommiae and Caragana korshinskii Juvenile First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microbial solid
Bacterial manure 300 ~ 400kg, described Cortex Eucommiae seedling Second Year spring and autumn combines every strain of pouring water and spreads manuer in holes 100 ~ 200g compound fertilizer；Herba Caraganae intermediae without
Need fertilising；
4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Described step (4) in seedling cultivation device include handle, connecting rod and " u "-shaped fork；One end of described connecting rod is provided with
Described handle, its other end is provided with described " u "-shaped fork.
Described handle is long 10 ~ 15cm, the steel pipe of diameter 3 ~ 3.5cm.
Described connecting rod is long 50 ~ 60cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 1 ~ 2cm.
Described " u "-shaped fork is long 4 ~ 5cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 0.5 ~ 1cm, the two ends of this " u "-shaped fork are tapering and two-end-point
Width is from for 3 ~ 4cm.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1, the trench digging time of the present invention is early winter autumn end.This time period is the time in slack season, and utilization now carries out trench digging can't
Delay the operation of normal farming, it is also possible to adequately and reasonably utilize human resources, reach the purpose got twice the result with half the effort.
2, the present invention fills and leads up opened furrow by the wind-force of the Nature, it is not necessary to manually carries out the loaded down with trivial details sand that covers of machinery and fills out
Bury work, and then reduce labor intensity significantly, make work efficiency significantly improve, effectively save labour force, greatly reduce
Cost of forestation.
3, the seedling cultivation device that the present invention uses, the shortcoming overcoming landfill time and effort consuming of digging pit in tradition planting system,
And shorten the time of planting, make plantation efficiency be greatly improved.
4, the present invention is by Herba Caraganae intermediae and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, it is possible to achieve under the conditions of arid desert, Herba Caraganae intermediae and the Cortex Eucommiae is reciprocal common
Raw, not only solve the only plantation problems such as Herba Caraganae intermediae benefit is single, plant survival rate is low, and reach the ecology of desert treatment, warp
Ji and the organic unity of social benefit, thus provide technical support for the efficient output of arid-desert area agricultural safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1 handle 2 connecting rod 3 " u "-shaped fork.
Detailed description of the invention
1 one kinds of arid-desert area Herba Caraganae intermediaes of embodiment and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, comprise the following steps:
(1) the excavation of Herba Caraganae intermediae plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then outputs a wide 35cm, deep with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction
The furrow of 20cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 3m.Arid-desert area dust storm is big, through one winter northwester will blow
The ditch opened is filled and led up by dynamic fine sand.
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Plantation autumn the previous year in furrow and the region that the spacing of furrow is 3m of Herba Caraganae intermediae by east-west direction open one wide
40cm, deep 30cm Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, by every mu of farm manure executing 2000kg ripening before broadcasting spring.
(3) select Seedling:
Select life in 1 year without the Caragana korshinskii Juvenile of pest and disease damage and life in 1 year without the Cortex Eucommiae seedling of pest and disease damage.
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, use seedling cultivation device (application number: 201620463608.2) with rising by the spacing in the rows of 1m
With planting Caragana korshinskii Juvenile, and the spacing in the rows pressing 1.8m uses seedling cultivation device plantation Cortex Eucommiae seedling.That is: operator are by seedling root card
In " u "-shaped fork 3, one holds handle 1, picks up seedling on the other hand, enters in soil by seedling cultivation device oblique cutting, and tramp with one's feet reality, with
Time keep seedling upright.The degree of depth inserted is moderate, it is ensured that soil covers whole roots of seedling, and seedling does not falls.
Wherein:
Seedling cultivation device includes that handle 1, connecting rod 2 and " u "-shaped fork 3(are as shown in Figure 1).One end of connecting rod 2 is provided with handle 1,
Its other end is provided with " u "-shaped fork 3.
Handle 1 is long 10 ~ 15cm, the steel pipe of diameter 3 ~ 3.5cm.Connecting rod 2 is long 50 ~ 60cm, the steel of diameter 1 ~ 2cm
Muscle." u "-shaped fork 3 be long 4 ~ 5cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 0.5 ~ 1cm, this " u "-shaped pitch 3 two ends are tapering and two-end-point width from for
3~4cm。
(5) field management measure:
1. water: all pour water after Caragana korshinskii Juvenile and Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting.
Filling a water after Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting every other month, improve the survival rate of Cortex Eucommiae seedling, the Cortex Eucommiae can be after growing up
Hot summer once pours water.Watering along with pouring water of Cortex Eucommiae seedling is carried out simultaneously of Caragana korshinskii Juvenile.
Middle weeding: the Cortex Eucommiae annual spring and summer are respectively except once careless.
3. fertilising: the Cortex Eucommiae and Caragana korshinskii Juvenile First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microbial solid
Bacterial manure (patent No.: ZL201110443305.6) 300kg, Cortex Eucommiae seedling Second Year spring and autumn combine every strain of pouring water and spread manuer in holes 100g
Compound fertilizer；Herba Caraganae intermediae is without fertilising.
4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the root rot that the Cortex Eucommiae is common, can prevent and treat by spraying 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate；Leaf
Rot, uses Bordeaux mixture or 500 times of liquid of 65% zineb to prevent and treat.
The inventive method finds through reality application, and after using technique intercropping, Herba Caraganae intermediae increases respectively with Cortex Eucommiae survival rate
Having added 13.56% and 15.37%, plantation efficiency is substantially improved thus reduces planting cost.
2 one kinds of arid-desert area Herba Caraganae intermediaes of embodiment and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, comprise the following steps:
(1) the excavation of Herba Caraganae intermediae plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then outputs a wide 40cm, deep with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction
The furrow of 22cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 4m.Arid-desert area dust storm is big, through one winter northwester will blow
The ditch opened is filled and led up by dynamic fine sand.
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Plantation autumn the previous year in furrow and the region that the spacing of furrow is 4m of Herba Caraganae intermediae by east-west direction open one wide
45cm, deep 35cm Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, by every mu of farm manure executing 2200kg ripening before broadcasting spring.
(3) select Seedling with embodiment 1.
(4) plantation:
Second Year soil in spring thaw after, by 1.2m spacing in the rows use seedling cultivation device (application number: 201620463608.2) with
Rise with planting Caragana korshinskii Juvenile, and the spacing in the rows pressing 2.2m uses seedling cultivation device plantation Cortex Eucommiae seedling.That is: operator are by seedling root
Being stuck in " u "-shaped fork 3, one holds handle 1, picks up seedling on the other hand, enters in soil by seedling cultivation device oblique cutting, and tramp with one's feet reality,
Keep seedling upright simultaneously.The degree of depth inserted is moderate, it is ensured that soil covers whole roots of seedling, and seedling does not falls.
Wherein seedling cultivation device is with embodiment 1.
(5) field management measure:
1. water same embodiment 1.
Middle weeding is with embodiment 1.
3. fertilising: the Cortex Eucommiae and Caragana korshinskii Juvenile First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microbial solid
Bacterial manure (patent No.: ZL201110443305.6) 350kg, Cortex Eucommiae seedling Second Year spring and autumn combine every strain of pouring water and spread manuer in holes 150g
Compound fertilizer；Herba Caraganae intermediae is without fertilising.
4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is with embodiment 1.
The inventive method finds through reality application, and after using technique intercropping, Herba Caraganae intermediae increases respectively with Cortex Eucommiae survival rate
Having added 14.21% and 15.79%, plantation efficiency is substantially improved thus reduces planting cost.
3 one kinds of arid-desert area Herba Caraganae intermediaes of embodiment and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, comprise the following steps:
(1) the excavation of Herba Caraganae intermediae plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then outputs a wide 45cm, deep with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction
The furrow of 25cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 5m.Arid-desert area dust storm is big, through one winter northwester will blow
The ditch opened is filled and led up by dynamic fine sand.
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Plantation autumn the previous year in furrow and the region that the spacing of furrow is 5m of Herba Caraganae intermediae by east-west direction open one wide
50cm, deep 40cm Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, by every mu of farm manure executing 2500kg ripening before broadcasting spring.
(3) select Seedling with embodiment 1.
(4) plantation:
Second Year soil in spring thaw after, by 1.5m spacing in the rows use seedling cultivation device (application number: 201620463608.2) with
Rise with planting Caragana korshinskii Juvenile, and the spacing in the rows pressing 2.5m uses seedling cultivation device plantation Cortex Eucommiae seedling.That is: operator are by seedling root
Being stuck in " u "-shaped fork 3, one holds handle 1, picks up seedling on the other hand, enters in soil by seedling cultivation device oblique cutting, and tramp with one's feet reality,
Keep seedling upright simultaneously.The degree of depth inserted is moderate, it is ensured that soil covers whole roots of seedling, and seedling does not falls.
Wherein seedling cultivation device is with embodiment 1.
(5) field management measure:
1. water same embodiment 1.
Middle weeding is with embodiment 1.
3. fertilising: the Cortex Eucommiae and Caragana korshinskii Juvenile First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microbial solid
Bacterial manure (patent No.: ZL201110443305.6) 400kg, Cortex Eucommiae seedling Second Year spring and autumn combine every strain of pouring water and spread manuer in holes 200g
Compound fertilizer；Herba Caraganae intermediae is without fertilising.
4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is with embodiment 1.
The inventive method finds through reality application, and after using technique intercropping, Herba Caraganae intermediae increases respectively with Cortex Eucommiae survival rate
Having added 14.69% and 15.97%, plantation efficiency is substantially improved thus reduces planting cost.
Claims (5)
1. arid-desert area Herba Caraganae intermediae and a method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, comprises the following steps:
(1) the excavation of Herba Caraganae intermediae plantation ditch:
Arid desert is first flattened by early winter autumn end, then with the tractor of band ploughshare by east-west direction output a wide 35 ~ 45cm,
The furrow of deep 20 ~ 25cm, the distance between furrow and furrow is 3 ~ 5m；
(2) the excavation of catch cropping Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch:
Autumn the previous year is opened one by east-west direction in plantation in the furrow of described Herba Caraganae intermediae with the region that spacing is 3 ~ 5m of furrow
Wide 40 ~ the 50cm of bar, deep 30 ~ 40cm Cortex Eucommiae plantation ditch, by every mu of farm manure executing 2000 ~ 2500kg ripening before broadcasting spring；
(3) select Seedling:
Select life in 1 year without the Caragana korshinskii Juvenile of pest and disease damage and life in 1 year without the Cortex Eucommiae seedling of pest and disease damage；
(4) plantation:
After Second Year soil in spring thaws, by the spacing in the rows employing seedling cultivation device of 1 ~ 1.5m with rising with planting described Caragana korshinskii Juvenile, and
Described seedling cultivation device is used to plant described Cortex Eucommiae seedling by the spacing in the rows of 1.8 ~ 2.5m；
(5) field management measure:
1. water: all pour water after described Caragana korshinskii Juvenile and described Cortex Eucommiae Seeding planting；
Middle weeding: the Cortex Eucommiae annual spring and summer are respectively except once careless；
3. fertilising: the described Cortex Eucommiae and Caragana korshinskii Juvenile First Year autumn every mu are spread fertilizer over the fields desert saline habitat addicted to saline and alkaline microbial solid
Bacterial manure 300 ~ 400kg, described Cortex Eucommiae seedling Second Year spring and autumn combines every strain of pouring water and spreads manuer in holes 100 ~ 200g compound fertilizer；Herba Caraganae intermediae without
Need fertilising；
4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
A kind of arid-desert area the most as claimed in claim 1 Herba Caraganae intermediae and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, it is characterised in that: described
Step (4) in seedling cultivation device include handle (1), connecting rod (2) and " u "-shaped fork (3)；One end of described connecting rod (2) is provided with
Described handle (1), its other end is provided with described " u "-shaped fork (3).
A kind of arid-desert area the most as claimed in claim 2 Herba Caraganae intermediae and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, it is characterised in that: described
Handle (1) is long 10 ~ 15cm, the steel pipe of diameter 3 ~ 3.5cm.
A kind of arid-desert area the most as claimed in claim 2 Herba Caraganae intermediae and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, it is characterised in that: described
Connecting rod (2) is long 50 ~ 60cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 1 ~ 2cm.
A kind of arid-desert area the most as claimed in claim 2 Herba Caraganae intermediae and the method for Cortex Eucommiae intercropping, it is characterised in that: described
" u "-shaped fork (3) is long 4 ~ 5cm, the reinforcing bar of diameter 0.5 ~ 1cm, the two ends of this " u "-shaped fork (3) are tapering and two-end-point width from
It is 3 ~ 4cm.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610376063.6A CN105941059B (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2016-05-31 | A kind of method of arid-desert area caragana microphylla and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping |
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| CN201610376063.6A CN105941059B (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2016-05-31 | A kind of method of arid-desert area caragana microphylla and Cortex Eucommiae intercropping |
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| CN102499003A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-20 | 北京师范大学 | Method for restoring vegetation on barren mountains and sloping fields in arid and semi-arid regions |
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| CN104389302A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-04 | 天津城建大学 | Plant management method for controlling transport of sandstone small watershed channel silt |
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2016
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| CN102499003A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-20 | 北京师范大学 | Method for restoring vegetation on barren mountains and sloping fields in arid and semi-arid regions |
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