CN105660143B - A kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch - Google Patents
A kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660143B CN105660143B CN201610091630.3A CN201610091630A CN105660143B CN 105660143 B CN105660143 B CN 105660143B CN 201610091630 A CN201610091630 A CN 201610091630A CN 105660143 B CN105660143 B CN 105660143B
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- bacteria stick
- rhizoma gastrodiae
- halimasch
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- bacterium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses the technologies that a kind of artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch makes and its applies, and belong to Chinese medicine planting technology field；The invention mainly includes steps：（1）The raw material of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is constituted and is prepared（2）The making and sterilizing of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch（3）The artificial bacteria stick of halimasch connects bacterium and culture（4）The field use of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is planted with Rhizoma Gastrodiae.The present invention is compared with traditional Gastrodia planting technology, the artificial bacteria stick of symbiosis halimasch for planting rhizoma gastrodiae is made by using agricultural wastes, it is factory produced, conventional Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, which can be effectively reduced, need to shift to an earlier date the operation link for carrying out culture bacterium bed or bacteria stick for 6 ~ 8 months, shorten traditional crop cycle, it effectively improves and connects bacterium rate and at numb rate after the field planting of Rhizoma Gastrodiae hoary hair fiber crops, ensure Rhizoma Gastrodiae early growth nutrition supply, greatly improve the yield of Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, substitute and be greatly reduced the use of natural bacterium material, to reduce destruction of the planting rhizoma gastrodiae to the natural woods, it preserves the ecological environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese medicine planting technology field, more particularly to a kind of day using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch
Numb implantation methods.
Background technology
Rhizoma Gastrodiae（Gastrodia elataBl.）It is common and rare simply for orchid family Gastrodia herbaceos perennial
Chinese medicine, have more than 2,000 years and be used as medicine and eat history, have effects that Inflammation Zhijing, suppressing liver-YANG, dispelling wind and removing obstruction in the meridians.Rhizoma Gastrodiae is
A kind of overly simplified orchid, unrooted, redgreen blade, it is necessary to halimasch symbiosis, nutrition is obtained by digestion halimasch
After can growth and breeding, no halimasch Rhizoma Gastrodiae cannot grow.Halimasch relies primarily on broad leaf tree tree Duan Weiqi and provides battalion
It supports.The timber of the culture halimasch used in Rhizoma Gastrodiae is cultivated bacterium material.Suitable for halimasch growth common seeds have Qinggang, oriental white oak,
These slower seeds of growth such as Mao Li, wild cherry, Chinese chestnut.General one mu of Rhizoma Gastrodiae of plantation needs 2 ~ 3 tons of bacterium materials, need to cut down diameter 15
Centimeter or more oak（In Yunnan tall gastrodia tuber producing region, growth year needs 15-20）More than 30, ecological environment is caused serious broken
It is bad.With the expansion year by year of Rhizoma Gastrodiae cultivated area, planting rhizoma gastrodiae bacterium material supplies pretty nervous, and Rhizoma Gastrodiae planting cost is caused to increase,
Price is surging.In addition, traditional planting rhizoma gastrodiae needs to cultivate bacterium material（Bacterium bed）Two steps are colonized with Rhizoma Gastrodiae, time-consuming and laborious, labour
Power is larger, and labor cost is high.Thus, it found in Rhizoma Gastrodiae planting technology and saves labor cost, substitute bacterium material and exploitation section material
Cultivation technique has been urgent required.
Rhizoma Gastrodiae conventional cultivation method is to complete in two steps, and the first step is culture bacterium material or cultivates bacterium bed, plantation every year preceding 6 ~
10 months（The generally first year 4-7 months）Carry out bacterium material or bacterium bed culture；Culture bacterium material is to use underground type, semi-underground type and ground
Heap trains three kinds of formula, is cultivated using close ring bacterium three-level kind and fresh bacteria stick material, and incubation time is 5 ~ 6 months, then will culture
Good bacteria stick and new bacterium material are directly digged pit plantation in planting site；Culture bacterium bed be plantation plot directly digs depth 15 ~ 20cm, it is wide by 50 ~
Fresh bacterium material and close ring bacterium three-level kind are connect bacterium and cultivated 6 ~ 10 months, then directly trained by 100cm, the bacterium bed of long 70 ~ 400 cm
Good bacterium bed is supported to be colonized.Advance cultured bacterium bed is excavated carry out Gastrodia by second step winter current year or the next spring
It plants；Or it digs plantation hole and will cultivate bacteria stick and fresh bacterium material 1:1 ratio is placed, then is colonized Rhizoma Gastrodiae.This conventional cultivation method needs
Bacterium bed or bacteria stick are cultivated in advance, it is cumbersome and time consuming, it also causes timber and greatly wastes.In recent years some Rhizoma Gastrodiae producing regions take three
The cultural method of lower nest will exactly breed 3 kinds of main materials of Rhizoma Gastrodiae（Timber, halimasch cultigen, Gastrodia）It is put into simultaneously
The cultural method in cave is cultivated, although this method is not required to cultivate bacterium material in advance, but due to leaving halimasch growth for before Rhizoma Gastrodiae is sprouted
Time be limited, often lead to new tuberization and cannot get sufficient nutrition supply and lead to Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation failure or Rhizoma Gastrodiae production
Amount is low.
Bacteria stick in patent is a kind of for gastrodin cultivation（Application number：201110102592.4）Patent in, disclose
After a kind of any one or a few crushing by the sawdust of broadleaf tree, branches and leaves or flaw-piece waste material Rhizoma Gastrodiae is used for through what compacting was formed
Bacteria stick in cultivation, bacteria stick need not take disafforestation resource as popularizing planting Rhizoma Gastrodiae as cost, avoid traditional Gastrodia
Area is planted, the forest reserves are destroyed, the generation of the increasingly deficient situation of efficient resource, but its process needs manufactured is put into
The round wooden stick of diameter 5 cm ~ 20 cm is pressed into at 80 ° ~ 300 ° of temperature, in the environment of 10 ~ 30 megapascal of pressure, but
It is the requirement height of its production technology, apparatus and process is complicated.
Therefore, with the artificial growth of Rhizoma Gastrodiae large area, there is an urgent need to research and develop a kind of to simplify Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation flow, save
The section material cultivation technique of labor cost, to meet during Rhizoma Gastrodiae large area artificial cultivation the needs of to bacterium material and to improve day
Numb yield.
Invention content
For the above technical problem, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch
Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods, using edible fungus stick production principle, with bagasse, corncob, mulberry tree（Bamboo willow）Branch and sawdust etc. are agriculture
Waste is major ingredient, adds other auxiliary materials and nutritional ingredient, the artificial portion cultivated in the replacement Rhizoma Gastrodiae vegetative propagation of halimasch bacteria stick
Divide bacterium material, is not necessarily to cultivate bacterium bed in advance in planting process, it is simple and efficient to handle once at fiber crops, meanwhile, which can be improved Rhizoma Gastrodiae
Yield and quality shortens Rhizoma Gastrodiae crop cycle, saves material cost and labor cost in Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, preserves the ecological environment,
Tianma industry is promoted to develop in a healthy way.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions：
A kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch, using edible fungus stick production principle,
Using agricultural wastes as major ingredient, the artificial part bacterium material cultivated in the replacement Rhizoma Gastrodiae vegetative propagation of halimasch bacteria stick, including walk as follows
Suddenly：
（1）The raw material of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is constituted and is prepared；
（2）The making and sterilizing of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch；
（3）The artificial bacteria stick of halimasch connect bacterium with culture；
（4）The field use of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is planted with Rhizoma Gastrodiae.
Preferably, further, in step（1）The raw material of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is constituted with preparation, with bagasse, is sawed
End, wheat bran, branch and corncob are major ingredient, and land plaster, white sugar, KH is added2PO4、MgSO4Auxiliary material makes suitable for Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis honey
The matrix of ring bacterium growth, with dry weight, by bagasse：Sawdust：Wheat bran：Branch：Corncob=（10%~40%）：（50%~60%）：
（10%~15%）：（1%~5%）：（3%~5%）Ratio mix be mixed it is even after, be added 1% land plaster, 0.5% ~ 1% KH2PO4、0.5%~1%
MgSO4, 1% white sugar, then mix be mixed it is even after, add water, make moisture content in medium 55% ~ 65%, build heap ferment 1 ~ 3 day it is spare.
Preferably, further, in step（1）During the raw material of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is constituted and is prepared, the branch of use
For mulberry tree or bamboo branch item.
Preferably, further, in step（2）When the making and sterilizing of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch, by step（1）Build heap hair
The good product of ferment is packed into long 30 ~ 60 cm, makes bacteria stick in the polyethylene plastic bag of 10 ~ 12 cm of diameter, every bag fill out siccative 500 ~
1000 grams, sack is tightened, at 121 DEG C, 20 ~ 24 h of 1 ~ 2 h of high pressure sterilization or normal-pressure sterilization is cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, further, in step（3）When connecing bacterium with culture of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch, by step（2）It goes out
Bacterium, the bacteria stick being cooled to room temperature are transported in desinfection chamber, access halimasch second class inoculum, the polybag being inoculated with is transported to culturing room
It cultivates, is cultivated 3 ~ 4 months at 25 DEG C, obtain the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch.
Preferably, further, in step（3）When connecing bacterium with culture of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch, artificial bacteria stick access honey
Ring bacterium second class inoculum makes the time of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch in the 9-11 months.
Preferably, further, in step（4）When the field use of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is planted with Rhizoma Gastrodiae, step is utilized
Suddenly（3）The cultured artificial bacteria stick of halimasch substitutes the natural bacterium timber-used in part and carrys out planting rhizoma gastrodiae, the specific steps are：
1) selection of land
It is 12 ~ 14 DEG C to select long-term mean temperature, and relative air humidity is 70% ~ 90%, and height above sea level is 1000 ~ 2500 m, mountain
5 ~ 30 ° of the body gradient, the mixed forest rich in humus, loose, well-drained loam or sandy loam or shrub land in, soil
PH 5.5 ~ 6.5, the virgin soil that do not cultivated；
2）Dig the pool
Site preparation was carried out at 12 ~ 2 months and makees the Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation pool, and 70 ~ 80 cm, wide 50 ~ 60 cm, deep 10 ~ 20 cm are grown in the plantation pool；
Plantation pool bottom inclined slope aspect makes 5 ~ 10°Inclined-plane, benefit for draining, culture pool spacing are 30 cm；
3）Standby material
Select trunk, the branch of chestnut, wild cherry, Anlnus nepalensis, mulberry tree, bitter peach to do natural bacterium material, natural bacterium material it is straight
Diameter is 4 ~ 8 cm；Natural bacterium material is removed into withe, long 25 cm or 50 cm juggles is sawn into, 6-10 little fish scale mouth is cut on juggle,
Simultaneously by the thin branches of 2 ~ 3 cm of diameter, it is cut into that the small juggles of 7 ~ 8 cm are spare, and " splayed " inclined-plane is cut at branch section both ends；
4）Lower material
The soil that pool hole 3 ~ 5 cm of bottom will be cultivated digs pine, along broadside by natural bacterium material is laid, is then covered with step（3）It cultivates
The artificial bacteria stick of halimasch, 3 cm of distance or so between fresh bacterium material and artificial bacteria stick, total puts 7 rows, then uses new soil by people
Gap is tamped between work bacteria stick and fresh bacterium material, to prevent living contaminants；
5）Field planting
The hoary hair fiber crops of 10 ~ 30 g are selected to do kind of a fiber crops, the field planting kind fiber crops by artificial bacteria stick, when kind fiber crops are put, perpendicular to artificial
Bacteria stick is put, and upward, navel eye 10 cm of distance between artificial bacteria stick, kind fiber crops often arranges artificial bacteria stick and is colonized 5 stem eye when putting
Kind fiber crops, total puts 16 ~ 20 kinds of fiber crops, and navel eye puts 1 root long, 7 ~ 8 cm, the thin branch of thick 2 ~ 3 cm draws in two kinds of fiber crops
Bacterium after being well placed kind of fiber crops, fills up gap, and in 10 ~ 15 cm of earthing above with soil；
6）The lid pool
The weeds such as Rhizoma Gastrodiae planting site fernwort, undershrub are cut off, and are covered in bacterium bed, to reduce moisture evaporation, are protected
Ground moistening is held, prevents rain drop erosion from causing soil hardening；
7）Rhizoma Gastrodiae is excavated
By the end of November ~ the December for being colonized current year carries out Rhizoma Gastrodiae excavation, draws out plantation pool table soil, and excavation arrow fiber crops stay hemp
In planting the pool, soil, continued growth are backfilled.
Preferably, further, in step 4）During lower material, the length of artificial bacteria stick is corresponding with natural bacterium material, adopts
Lower material is carried out with the mode of 50 cm or two 25 cm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1. the present invention, which can effectively reduce conventional Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, need to shift to an earlier date the operation for carrying out culture bacterium bed or bacteria stick for 6 ~ 8 months
Link shortens traditional crop cycle（6 ~ 8 months）, the labor cost on the culture bacterium pool is saved, Rhizoma Gastrodiae is made to plant cost reduction
24 ~ 28%.
2. the present invention effectively improves and connects bacterium rate and at numb rate after Rhizoma Gastrodiae hoary hair fiber crops are colonized（Reach 93% or more）, ensure
Rhizoma Gastrodiae early growth nutrition supply greatly improves the yield of Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation（Commodity fiber crops volume increase 2.48% ~ 39.76%, the volume increase of hoary hair fiber crops
100.50%~419.18%.）.
3. the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch provided by the invention substitutes and natural bacterium material is greatly reduced（Fresh tree stick）Use
（Alternative natural bacterium material 49.59% ~ 50.95%）, to reduce destruction of the planting rhizoma gastrodiae to the natural woods, preserve the ecological environment.
4. using the method for the present invention carry out Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, per the pool can harvest fresh commodity gastrodia elata f. glauca 1466.68 ~
2000.28 g/the pool, 2 grades of fiber crops and the above rate（100g or more）69.80% ~ 78.65% is accounted for, by 80 yuan/kg calculation of price, commodity crow
Rhizoma Gastrodiae income is on 117.33 ~ 160.02 yuan/pool；Hoary hair fiber crops 161.64 ~ 418.46 g/pool is harvested, by 60 yuan/kg calculation of price,
Hoary hair fiber crops income is on 9.70 ~ 25.11 yuan/pool.Two level fiber crops and the above rate improve 1 ~ 10 percentage point, and the more traditional plantation of the output value improves
7.7 ~ 65.8 yuan/pool.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is artificial bacteria stick（50 cm）Field information schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is artificial bacteria stick（25 cm）Field information schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is artificial bacteria stick（25 cm）Field planting application effect figure（Gastrodia elata f. glauca）；
Fig. 4 is artificial bacteria stick（25 cm）Field harvests application effect figure（Gastrodia elata f. glauca）；
Fig. 5 is that planting rhizoma gastrodiae of the present invention and traditional Rhizoma Gastrodiae plant application effect comparison sheet-table 1（Gastrodia elata f. glauca）.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention and attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example is applied, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch makes and its technology of application, using edible fungus stick production principle,
Using agricultural wastes as major ingredient, the artificial part bacterium material cultivated in the replacement Rhizoma Gastrodiae vegetative propagation of halimasch bacteria stick, including walk as follows
Suddenly：
1. the raw material of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is constituted and is prepared
Formula：With dry weight, by bagasse：Sawdust：Wheat bran：Small stems（Mulberry tree, bamboo willow）=25%： 55%： 10%：
10% ratio mix be mixed it is even；1% land plaster, 0.5% ~ 1% KH is added2PO4、0.5%~1% MgSO4, 1% white sugar, then mix be mixed it is even
Afterwards, add water, make moisture content in medium 55% ~ 65%, build heap ferment 1 ~ 3 day it is spare.
The making and sterilizing of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch
Step 1. is built into the product that heap has fermented and is packed into long 25 cm or 50 cm, the vinyon of 10 ~ 12 cm of diameter
In bag, every bag is filled out siccative 500 or 1000 grams, tightens sack；At 121 DEG C, 20 ~ 24 h of 1 ~ 2 h of high pressure sterilization or normal-pressure sterilization.
The artificial bacteria stick of halimasch connects bacterium and culture
Gone out bacterium, the bacteria stick that is cooled to room temperature of step 2. is transported in desinfection chamber, halimasch second class inoculum is accessed, will connect
The bacteria stick planted is transported to culturing room's culture, is cultivated 3 ~ 4 months at 25 DEG C.Artificial bacteria stick culture Production Time is generally in the 9-11 months.
The field use of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is planted with Rhizoma Gastrodiae
（1）Selection of land
It is 12 ~ 14 DEG C to select long-term mean temperature, and relative air humidity is 70% ~ 90%, and height above sea level is 1000 ~ 2500 m, mountain
The body gradient 5 ~ 30°, the mixed forest rich in humus, loose, well-drained loam or sandy loam or shrub land, soil pH
5.5 ~ 6.5, planting site will select the virgin soil that had no guts.
（2）Dig the pool
Site preparation was carried out at 12 ~ 2 months and makees the Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation pool, and 70 ~ 80 cm, wide 50 ~ 60 cm, deep 10 ~ 20cm are grown in the plantation pool；Kind
It plants pool bottom inclined slope aspect and makes 5 ~ 100Inclined-plane, benefit for draining, culture pool spacing are 30 cm.
（3）Standby material
The trees such as chestnut, wild cherry, Anlnus nepalensis, mulberry tree, bitter peach are selected to do fresh bacterium material, bacterium material is with the tree of 4 ~ 8 cm of diameter
Dry, branch is advisable.Green wood removes withe, is sawn into long 25cm or 50 cm juggles, 6-10 little fish scale mouth is cut on juggle.Simultaneously will
The thin branches of 2 ~ 3 cm of diameter, are cut into that the small juggles of 7 ~ 8 cm are spare, and " splayed " inclined-plane is cut at branch section both ends.
（4）Lower material
The soil of culture pool hole 3 ~ 5 cm of bottom is dug into pine, suitable broadside, which is pressed, lays one（50 cm）Or two（25 cm）It is fresh
Bacterium material repaves above-mentioned 3. and makes artificial bacteria stick one（50 cm）Or two（25 cm）, distance 3 between fresh bacterium material and artificial bacteria stick
Cm or so, total put 7 rows（See attached drawing 1,2）, then gap between artificial bacteria stick and fresh bacterium material is tamped with new soil, to prevent miscellaneous
Bacterium pollutes.
（4）Field planting
The hoary hair fiber crops of 10 ~ 30 g are selected to do kind of a fiber crops.The field planting kind fiber crops by artificial bacteria stick（See attached drawing 1-4）, when kind fiber crops are put,
It is put perpendicular to artificial bacteria stick, upward, navel eye 10 cm of distance between artificial bacteria stick, kind fiber crops often arranges artificial bacterium to stem eye when putting
Stick is colonized 5 kinds of fiber crops, and total puts 16 ~ 20 kinds of fiber crops, and puts 1 root long, 7 ~ 8 cm, thick about 2 ~ 3 cm in two kinds of numb navel eyes
Thin branch draw bacterium.After being well placed kind of fiber crops, gap is filled up with soil, and 10 ~ 15 cm of earthing is advisable above.
（5）The lid pool
The weeds such as Rhizoma Gastrodiae planting site fernwort, undershrub are cut off, and are covered in bacterium bed, to reduce moisture evaporation, are protected
Ground moistening is held, prevents rain drop erosion from causing soil hardening.
（6）Rhizoma Gastrodiae is excavated
By the end of November ~ the December for being colonized current year carries out Rhizoma Gastrodiae excavation.Careful to draw out plantation pool table soil, excavation arrow fiber crops will be white
Fiber crops stay in the plantation pool, backfill soil, continued growth.
This example is implemented in the small fascine dam township slubbing river forest farm in Zhaotong County, Yunnan city Yiliang County.It is made of the present embodiment formula
The close artificial bacteria stick of ring bacterium, bacteria stick Production Time are on November 20th, 2014, and Rhizoma Gastrodiae resident time is on March 10th, 2015, per the pool
16 hoary hair fiber crops are colonized, have been colonized 20 pools altogether.Excavate Rhizoma Gastrodiae on November 25th, 2015, random 5 pools of excavating carry out statistics yield.Often
Pool yield sees attached list the example 1 in 1.Wherein 8.5 months entire crop cycles of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, at numb rate 100%, average product arrow fiber crops
2000.28 g/the pool, hoary hair fiber crops 418.46 g/pool, more traditional plantation increase production 39.76% and 419.18%, save material respectively
50.95%, reduce cost 24%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch makes and its technology of application, using edible fungus stick production principle,
Using agricultural wastes as major ingredient, the artificial part bacterium material cultivated in the replacement Rhizoma Gastrodiae vegetative propagation of halimasch bacteria stick, including walk as follows
Suddenly：
1. the raw material of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is constituted and is prepared
Formula：With dry weight, by bagasse：Sawdust：Wheat bran：Corncob=30%：50%：15%：5% ratio, which is mixed, to be mixed
It is even；1% land plaster, 0.5% ~ 1% KH is added2PO4、0.5%~1% MgSO4, 1% white sugar, then mix be mixed it is even after, add water, make culture medium
Water content 55% ~ 65%, build heap ferment 1 ~ 3 day it is spare.
The making and sterilizing of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch
Step 1. is built into the product that heap has fermented and is packed into long 25 cm or 50 cm, the vinyon of 10 ~ 12 cm of diameter
In bag, every bag is filled out siccative 500 or 1000 grams, tightens sack.At 121 DEG C, 20 ~ 24 h of 1 ~ 2 h of high pressure sterilization or normal-pressure sterilization.
The artificial bacteria stick of halimasch connects bacterium and culture
Gone out bacterium, the bacteria stick that is cooled to room temperature of step 2. is transported in desinfection chamber, halimasch second class inoculum is accessed, will connect
The bacteria stick planted is transported to culturing room's culture, is cultivated 3 ~ 4 months at 25 DEG C.Artificial bacteria stick culture Production Time is generally in the 9-11 months.
The field use of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is planted with Rhizoma Gastrodiae
（1）Selection of land
It is 12 ~ 14 DEG C to select long-term mean temperature, and relative air humidity is 70% ~ 90%, and height above sea level is 1000 ~ 2500 m, mountain
The body gradient 5 ~ 300, the mixed forest rich in humus, loose, well-drained loam or sandy loam or shrub land, soil pH
5.5 ~ 6.5, planting site will select the virgin soil that had no guts.
（2）Dig the pool
Site preparation was carried out at 12 ~ 2 months and makees the Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation pool, and 70 ~ 80 cm, wide 50 ~ 60 cm, deep 10 ~ 20cm are grown in the plantation pool；Kind
It plants pool bottom inclined slope aspect and makes 5 ~ 100Inclined-plane, benefit for draining, culture pool spacing are 30 cm.
（3）Standby material
The trees such as chestnut, wild cherry, Anlnus nepalensis, mulberry tree, bitter peach are selected to do fresh bacterium material, bacterium material is with the tree of 4 ~ 8 cm of diameter
Dry, branch is advisable.Green wood removes withe, is sawn into long 25 cm or 50 cm juggles, 6-10 little fish scale mouth is cut on juggle.Simultaneously will
The thin branches of 2 ~ 3 cm of diameter, are cut into that the small juggles of 7 ~ 8 cm are spare, and " splayed " inclined-plane is cut at branch section both ends.
（4）Lower material
The soil of culture pool hole 3 ~ 5 cm of bottom is dug into pine, suitable broadside, which is pressed, lays one（50 cm）Or two（25 cm）It is fresh
Bacterium material repaves above-mentioned 3. and makes artificial bacteria stick one（50 cm）Or two（25 cm）, distance 3 between fresh bacterium material and artificial bacteria stick
Cm or so, total put 7 rows（See attached drawing 1,2）, then gap between artificial bacteria stick and fresh bacterium material is tamped with new soil, to prevent miscellaneous
Bacterium pollutes.
（4）Field planting
The hoary hair fiber crops of 10 ~ 30 g are selected to do kind of a fiber crops.The field planting kind fiber crops by artificial bacteria stick（See attached drawing 1-4）, when kind fiber crops are put,
It is put perpendicular to artificial bacteria stick, upward, navel eye 10 cm of distance between artificial bacteria stick, kind fiber crops often arranges artificial bacterium to stem eye when putting
Stick is colonized 5 kinds of fiber crops, and total puts 16 ~ 20 kinds of fiber crops, and puts 1 root long, 7 ~ 8 cm, thick about 2 ~ 3 cm in two kinds of numb navel eyes
Thin branch draw bacterium.After being well placed kind of fiber crops, gap is filled up with soil, and 10 ~ 15 cm of earthing is advisable above.
（5）The lid pool
The weeds such as Rhizoma Gastrodiae planting site fernwort, undershrub are cut off, and are covered in bacterium bed, to reduce moisture evaporation, are protected
Ground moistening is held, prevents rain drop erosion from causing soil hardening.
（6）Rhizoma Gastrodiae is excavated
By the end of November ~ the December for being colonized current year carries out Rhizoma Gastrodiae excavation.Careful to draw out plantation pool table soil, excavation arrow fiber crops will be white
Fiber crops stay in the plantation pool, backfill soil, continued growth.
This example is implemented in the small fascine dam township slubbing river forest farm in Zhaotong County, Yunnan city Yiliang County.Close ring is made using embodiment 2
The artificial bacteria stick of bacterium, bacteria stick Production Time are on December 10th, 2014, and Rhizoma Gastrodiae resident time is on March 10th, 2015, is colonized per the pool
16 hoary hair fiber crops, have been colonized 20 pools altogether.Excavate Rhizoma Gastrodiae on November 25th, 2015, random 5 pools of excavating carry out statistics yield.It is produced per the pool
Amount sees attached list the example 2 in 1.Wherein 8.5 months entire crop cycles of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, at numb rate 97.48%, average product arrow fiber crops
1466.68 g/the pool, hoary hair fiber crops 161.64 g/pool, more traditional plantation increase production 2.48% and 100.50%, save material 49. respectively
59%, reduce cost 28%.
The present invention provides a kind of technology that the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch makes and its applies, and utilizes edible fungus stick
Production principle, using agricultural wastes such as bagasse, corncob, mulberry branch and sawdusts as major ingredient, add other auxiliary materials and nutrition at
Point, artificial culture halimasch bacteria stick substitutes the part bacterium material in Rhizoma Gastrodiae vegetative propagation, is not necessarily to cultivate bacterium bed in advance in planting process,
It is simple and efficient to handle once at fiber crops, meanwhile, which can be improved Output of Gastrodia elata and quality, shorten Rhizoma Gastrodiae crop cycle, save day
Fiber crops plantation in material cost and labor cost, preserve the ecological environment, promote Tianma industry develop in a healthy way.
Finally, above example and attached drawing are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above-mentioned
Embodiment is described in detail the present invention, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can in form and carefully
Various changes are made to it on section, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch, which is characterized in that utilize edible fungus stick
Production principle, using agricultural wastes as major ingredient, the artificial part bacterium material cultivated in the replacement Rhizoma Gastrodiae vegetative propagation of halimasch bacteria stick, packet
Include following steps：
（1）The raw material of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is constituted and is prepared；
（2）The making and sterilizing of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch；
（3）The artificial bacteria stick of halimasch connects bacterium and culture；
（4）The field use of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is planted with Rhizoma Gastrodiae, utilizes step（3）The cultured artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is replaced
The natural bacterium timber-used in generation part carrys out planting rhizoma gastrodiae, the specific steps are：
1）Selection of land
It is 12 ~ 14 DEG C to select long-term mean temperature, and relative air humidity is 70% ~ 90%, and height above sea level is 1000 ~ 2500m, massif slope
5 ~ 30 ° of degree, the mixed forest rich in humus, loose, well-drained loam or sandy loam or shrub land in, soil pH
5.5 ~ 6.5, the virgin soil that do not cultivated；
2）Dig the pool
Site preparation was carried out at 12 ~ 2 months and does the Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation pool, and 70 ~ 80 cm, wide 50 ~ 60 cm, deep 10 ~ 20 cm are grown in the plantation pool；Plantation
Pool bottom inclined slope aspect makes 5 ~ 10 ° of inclined-planes, and benefit for draining, culture pool spacing is 30 cm；
3）Standby material
Trunk, the branch of chestnut, wild cherry, Anlnus nepalensis, mulberry tree, bitter peach is selected to do natural bacterium material, a diameter of the 4 of natural bacterium material
~8 cm；Natural bacterium material is removed into withe, long 25 cm or 50 cm juggles is sawn into, 6-10 little fish scale mouth is cut on juggle, simultaneously will
The thin branches of 2 ~ 3 cm of diameter, are cut into that the small juggles of 7 ~ 8 cm are spare, and " splayed " inclined-plane is cut at branch section both ends；
4）Lower material
The soil that pool hole 3 ~ 5 cm of bottom will be cultivated digs pine, along broadside by natural bacterium material is laid, is then covered with step（3）Cultured honey
The artificial bacteria stick of ring bacterium, 3 cm of distance between fresh bacterium material and artificial bacteria stick, total put 7 rows, then use new soil by artificial bacteria stick and
Gap is tamped between fresh bacterium material, to prevent living contaminants；
5）Field planting
The hoary hair fiber crops of 10 ~ 50 g are selected to do kind of a fiber crops, the field planting kind fiber crops by artificial bacteria stick, when kind fiber crops are put, perpendicular to artificial bacteria stick
It puts, upward, navel eye 10 cm of distance between artificial bacteria stick, kind fiber crops often arranges artificial bacteria stick and is colonized 5 kinds of fiber crops stem eye when putting,
Total puts 16 ~ 20 kinds of fiber crops, and in two kinds of fiber crops, navel eye puts 1 root long, 7 ~ 8 cm, the withe of thick 2 ~ 3 cm draws bacterium, is well placed
After kind fiber crops, gap is filled up with soil, and in 10 ~ 15 cm of earthing above；
6）The lid pool
Rhizoma Gastrodiae planting site fernwort, undershrub are cut off, and is covered in bacterium bed, to reduce moisture evaporation, keeps ground moistening,
Prevent rain drop erosion from causing soil hardening；
7）Rhizoma Gastrodiae is excavated
By the end of November ~ the December for being colonized current year carries out Rhizoma Gastrodiae excavation, draws out plantation pool table soil, and hemp is stayed in kind by excavation arrow fiber crops
It plants in the pool, backfills soil, continued growth.
2. a kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch according to claim 1, feature
It is：In step（1）During the raw material of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is constituted and prepared, with bagasse, sawdust, wheat bran, branch and corn
Core is major ingredient, and land plaster, white sugar, KH is added2PO4、MgSO4Auxiliary material makes the matrix suitable for Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch growth, with
Dry weight, by bagasse：Sawdust：Wheat bran：Branch：Corncob=（10%~40%）：（50%~60%）：（10%~15%）：（1%~
5%）：（3%~5%）Ratio mix be mixed it is even after, be added 1% land plaster, 0.5% ~ 1% KH2PO4、0.5%~1% MgSO4, 1% white sugar,
Mix again be mixed it is even after, add water, make moisture content in medium 55% ~ 65%, build heap ferment 1 ~ 3 day it is spare.
3. a kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch according to claim 1, feature
It is：In step（1）The raw material of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch is constituted with preparation, and the branch used is mulberry tree or bamboo willow branch.
4. a kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch according to claim 1, feature
It is：In step（2）When the making and sterilizing of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch, by step（1）Build the product that heap ferments be packed into it is long by 30 ~
Bacteria stick is made in the polyethylene plastic bag of 60 cm, 10 ~ 12 cm of diameter, every bag is filled out 500 ~ 1000 grams of siccative, tightens sack,
At 121 DEG C, 20 ~ 24 h of 1 ~ 2 h of high pressure sterilization or normal-pressure sterilization is cooled to room temperature.
5. a kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch according to claim 1, feature
It is：In step（3）When connecing bacterium with culture of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch, by step（2）Gone out bacterium, be cooled to room temperature bacteria stick fortune
Into desinfection chamber, halimasch second class inoculum is accessed, the polybag being inoculated with is transported to culturing room's culture, 3 ~ 4 are cultivated at 25 DEG C
Month, obtain the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch.
6. a kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch according to claim 1, feature
It is：In step（3）When connecing bacterium with culture of the artificial bacteria stick of halimasch, artificial bacteria stick accesses halimasch second class inoculum, makes honey
The time of the artificial bacteria stick of ring bacterium is in the 9-11 months.
7. a kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae implantation methods using the artificial bacteria stick of Rhizoma Gastrodiae symbiosis halimasch according to claim 1, feature
It is, in step 4）During lower material, the length of artificial bacteria stick is corresponding with natural bacterium material, using one 50 cm or two 25
The mode of cm carries out lower material.
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