CN104255264A - Method for cultivating black gastrodia elata in central Yunnan - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating black gastrodia elata in central Yunnan. The method for cultivating black gastrodia elata in central Yunnan comprises the following steps of: (1) place selection, including, selecting a natural slope at the altitude of 1000-1600 m; (2) fine seed selection, including, selecting seed tubers of the black gastrodia elata from wild or artificially cultured rice-sized gastrodia elata and white gastrodia elata; (3) selection of a bacteria stick material, including, logging the bacteria stick material to be 15-20 cm in length and about 5 cm in diameter; (4) grafting honey mushroom; (5) sowing at a suitable time, including, firstly pushing aside humus on the surface layer of a bed surface, making the bottom surface of the bed flat, and alternately and transversely placing a layer of mixed segmented woods made of a fresh stick material and an old mushroom material at a ratio of 3: 1 or 4: 1, enabling the mushroom materials to be close to each other, and placing the seed tubers of the black gastrodia elata at the joints of the mushroom materials, sowing a small number of rice-sized gastrodia elata seeds at the middle positions of the mushroom materials, using about 0.5 kg rice-sized gastrodia elata seeds per each position, then mixing new and old stick materials at a ratio of 3: 1 or 4: 1 to form a layer of a covering material to be paved, or forming the covering material by using fresh bamboo branches and bamboo tails, and finally covering humus surface soil for 10-20 cm in thickness.

Description

A kind of Central Yunnan gastrodia elata f. glauca cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of Central Yunnan gastrodia elata f. glauca cultivation method, belong to cultivation field.

Background technology

Rhizoma Gastrodiae is the heterotrophism the orchid family herbaceos perennial that evolution degree is higher, unrooted redgreen blade, can not photosynthesis be carried out, its nutrition mainly by providing with the fungi of its symbiosis, seed germination become protocorm need with Germination Strain symbiosis, protocorm is to rice fiber crops, rice fiber crops are to hemp, and hemp all needs halimasch symbiosis to arrow fiber crops (commodity fiber crops), and this process of growth completes in underground completely, rhizoma Gastrodiae likes the humidity that cools, the environment that soil is loose.Halimasch is a genus of Agaricales Bai Mo section, is now found to have the saprophytic bacteria of 36 kinds, has the features such as aerobic, happiness is wet, luminous, mainly saprophytic on the limb of broad-leaved tree.Traditional artificial gastrodia cultivation needs first lay timber in the pool dug, and inoculates halimasch cultivation bacterium material, then sows rhizoma Gastrodiae.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of Central Yunnan gastrodia elata f. glauca cultivation method, and the present invention solves the scheme that its technical problem adopts and is: comprise the following steps:

(1) choose place: the natural hillside selecting height above sea level 1000 ~ 1600m scope, soil layer should be deep, enriches containing humus, and granular structure is good, and the gradient, below 25 degree, adopts nest to plant;

(2) select breeding: the selection of planting numb stem tuber can from wild or tame rice fiber crops and hemp, and it must be physically well develop, and color and luster is normal, not damaged, to plant without the individuality of damage by disease and insect and stalwartness, must not cut;

(3) bacterium bar is chosen: new bar choosing comprises the seeds of the hard corrosion resistant of matter of Anlnus nepalensis, Qinggang, Yunnan, Chinese chestnut, wild Chinese chestnut, cork oak, after getting the raw materials ready, be cut into long 15 ~ 20cm, diameter is about the Duan Mu of 5cm, the bark of Duan Mu is often chopped to fish scale mouth apart from about 5cm, deeply reaches xylem; Old bacterium material should select hemp kind fiber crops output then higher, and bacterium material made by the well-grown old material of halimasch silk;

(4) halimasch inoculation: adopt nest to plant, according to terrain, the long 0.5 ~ 1m of nest, wide 0.5 ~ 1m, dark 40cm, first spread humus soil or spread one deck leaf of bamboo about 15 ~ 20cm at the bottom of nest, then bacterium rod 5 ~ 7 is kept flat, spacing in the rows 5 ~ 10cm, then according to kind of a numb size, get one every 15 ~ 20cm and be tightly put in bacterium rod side, blinding exceedes bacterium rod 15cm, can not space be had between bacterium rod, fully water, keep soil moisture 70% first;

(5) begin sowing in good time: sow the time at the bottom of December to the beginning of spring, at fine day or cloudy day, first the top layer humus soil on bed surface is pushed aside, bed bottom surface requires smooth, then ground is done with wooden alternately yaw one deck of mixer of the fresh bar of 3:1 or 4:1 and old bacterium material, should be adjacent between each bacterium material, fiber crops kind is put at two of bacterium material joint, the middle part of bacterium material, the rice fiber crops can disseminated in a small amount are planted, every nest fiber crops plant about 0.5kg, then same with the old and new's bar of 3:1 or 4:1 mixing overlay one deck lid material, also can by tender bamboo skill, bamboo tail does lid material, finally thick with humus table soil earthing 10 ~ 20cm, make one-tenth turtleback shape slightly above ground level, cover withered skill fallen leaves or one deck weeds again, bamboo hedge or wire netting is adopted to make hedge around fiber crops bed, forbid that people and animals arrive in rhizoma Gastrodiae ground movable.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described in detail, but the invention is not restricted to these embodiments:

Embodiment 1

Central Yunnan gastrodia elata f. glauca cultivation method, comprises the following steps:

(1) choose place: the natural hillside selecting height above sea level 1000 ~ 1600m scope, soil layer should be deep, enriches containing humus, and granular structure is good, and the gradient, below 25 degree, adopts nest to plant;

(2) select breeding: the selection of planting numb stem tuber can from wild or tame rice fiber crops and hemp, and it must be physically well develop, and color and luster is normal, not damaged, to plant without the individuality of damage by disease and insect and stalwartness, must not cut;

(3) bacterium bar is chosen: new bar choosing comprises the seeds of the hard corrosion resistant of matter of Anlnus nepalensis, Qinggang, Yunnan, Chinese chestnut, wild Chinese chestnut, cork oak, after getting the raw materials ready, be cut into long 15 ~ 20cm, diameter is about the Duan Mu of 5cm, the bark of Duan Mu is often chopped to fish scale mouth apart from about 5cm, deeply reaches xylem; Old bacterium material should select hemp kind fiber crops output then higher, and bacterium material made by the well-grown old material of halimasch silk;

(4) halimasch inoculation: adopt nest to plant, according to terrain, the long 0.5 ~ 1m of nest, wide 0.5 ~ 1m, dark 40cm, first spread humus soil or spread one deck leaf of bamboo about 15 ~ 20cm at the bottom of nest, then bacterium rod 5 ~ 7 is kept flat, spacing in the rows 5 ~ 10cm, then according to kind of a numb size, get one every 15 ~ 20cm and be tightly put in bacterium rod side, blinding exceedes bacterium rod 15cm, can not space be had between bacterium rod, fully water, keep soil moisture 70% first;

(5) begin sowing in good time: sow the time at the bottom of December to the beginning of spring, at fine day or cloudy day, first the top layer humus soil on bed surface is pushed aside, bed bottom surface requires smooth, then ground is done with wooden alternately yaw one deck of mixer of the fresh bar of 3:1 or 4:1 and old bacterium material, should be adjacent between each bacterium material, fiber crops kind is put at two of bacterium material joint, the middle part of bacterium material, the rice fiber crops can disseminated in a small amount are planted, every nest fiber crops plant about 0.5kg, then same with the old and new's bar of 3:1 or 4:1 mixing overlay one deck lid material, also can by tender bamboo skill, bamboo tail does lid material, finally thick with humus table soil earthing 10 ~ 20cm, make one-tenth turtleback shape slightly above ground level, cover withered skill fallen leaves or one deck weeds again, bamboo hedge or wire netting is adopted to make hedge around fiber crops bed, forbid that people and animals arrive in rhizoma Gastrodiae ground movable.

Economic benefit: every nest rhizoma Gastrodiae can output sisal hemp 2kg, fiber crops kind 1kg.

Take the imitative wild pattern of solid growth, the quality of rhizoma Gastrodiae can be improved; The present invention breaks through the primary planting area of rhizoma Gastrodiae, expand the planting area of rhizoma Gastrodiae, under utilizing the middle regions of the Yunnan Province broad leaved forest, humic structure replaces or part replacement bacterium material, for the middle regions of the Yunnan Province self-employed tree cultivator have found a way to get rich, also for Yunnan tall gastrodia tuber industry development provides more wide space.

Above-described embodiment only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences done according to Spirit Essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a Central Yunnan gastrodia elata f. glauca cultivation method, comprises the following steps:

(1) choose place: the natural hillside selecting height above sea level 1000 ~ 1600m scope, soil layer should be deep, enriches containing humus, and granular structure is good, and the gradient, below 25 degree, adopts nest to plant;

(2) select breeding: the selection of planting numb stem tuber can from wild or tame rice fiber crops and hemp, and it must be physically well develop, and color and luster is normal, not damaged, to plant without the individuality of damage by disease and insect and stalwartness, must not cut;

(3) bacterium bar is chosen: new bar choosing comprises the seeds of the hard corrosion resistant of matter of Anlnus nepalensis, Qinggang, Yunnan, Chinese chestnut, wild Chinese chestnut, cork oak, after getting the raw materials ready, be cut into long 15 ~ 20cm, diameter is about the Duan Mu of 5cm, the bark of Duan Mu is often chopped to fish scale mouth apart from about 5cm, deeply reaches xylem; Old bacterium material should select hemp kind fiber crops output then higher, and bacterium material made by the well-grown old material of halimasch silk;

(4) halimasch inoculation: adopt nest to plant, according to terrain, the long 0.5 ~ 1m of nest, wide 0.5 ~ 1m, dark 40cm, first spread humus soil or spread one deck leaf of bamboo about 15 ~ 20cm at the bottom of nest, then bacterium rod 5 ~ 7 is kept flat, spacing in the rows 5 ~ 10cm, then according to kind of a numb size, get one every 15 ~ 20cm and be tightly put in bacterium rod side, blinding exceedes bacterium rod 15cm, can not space be had between bacterium rod, fully water, keep soil moisture 70% first;

(5) begin sowing in good time: sow the time at the bottom of December to the beginning of spring, at fine day or cloudy day, first the top layer humus soil on bed surface is pushed aside, bed bottom surface requires smooth, then ground is done with wooden alternately yaw one deck of mixer of the fresh bar of 3:1 or 4:1 and old bacterium material, should be adjacent between each bacterium material, fiber crops kind is put at two of bacterium material joint, the middle part of bacterium material, the rice fiber crops can disseminated in a small amount are planted, every nest fiber crops plant about 0.5kg, then same with the old and new's bar of 3:1 or 4:1 mixing overlay one deck lid material, also can by tender bamboo skill, bamboo tail does lid material, finally thick with humus table soil earthing 10 ~ 20cm, make one-tenth turtleback shape slightly above ground level, cover withered skill fallen leaves or one deck weeds again, bamboo hedge or wire netting is adopted to make hedge around fiber crops bed, forbid that people and animals arrive in rhizoma Gastrodiae ground movable.