CN105746124A - Labor-saving high-yield gastrodia elata planting method - Google Patents
Labor-saving high-yield gastrodia elata planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105746124A CN105746124A CN201610112802.0A CN201610112802A CN105746124A CN 105746124 A CN105746124 A CN 105746124A CN 201610112802 A CN201610112802 A CN 201610112802A CN 105746124 A CN105746124 A CN 105746124A
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Abstract
A labor-saving high-yield gastrodia elata planting method comprises the steps that thin and small walnut branches are utilized to serve as a connecting material for a fresh honey mushroom strain infected fungus material, a hypha carrier required in the growth process from first-generation daughter gastrodia elata, second-generation daughter gastrodia elata to mature gastrodia elata is guaranteed, the first-generation daughter gastrodia elata is planted in soil at a time till the mature gastrodia elata is harvested, the traditional two processes of fungus material cultivation at the first year and second-generation daughter gastrodia elata cultivation at the second year are replaced, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, the production cost of products is reduced, and the profits of the products are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, be specifically related to a kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae saving of labor's high-yield planting method.
Background technology
Rhizoma Gastrodiae effect: suppressing the hyperactive liver to relieve the wind syndrome relieving convulsion.Rhizoma Gastrodiae is conventional to treat the diseases such as apoplectic hemiplegia, hands and feet caused by paralysis, facial hemiparalysis, numb limbs and tense tendons, bones and muscles pain, rheumatic arthritis, brain overwork, neurasthenia, insomnia, headache, dizziness, spasm of the limbs, blood fat reducing, blood pressure lowering, alzheimer disease, Parkinson's disease.There is aid yang qi, strong body is prolonged life, long cloudy fertile strong, mend five kinds of strain and seven kinds of impairment, the effect such as have one's ideas straightened out of promoting blood circulation.Rhizoma Gastrodiae effect: 1. be used for having a dizzy spell.Control the dizziness of excessive rising of liver-YANG, can with the compatibility such as Ramulus Uncariae Cum Uncis, Concha Haliotidis；If wind-phlegm is the dizziness that trouble causes, use can be equal to the Rhizoma Pinelliae, the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Poria again.2. twitch for calentura wind symptom, infantile convulsion.To high hot wind symptom, infantile convulsion tic, opisthotonus person, the normal and compatibility such as Ramulus Uncariae Cum Uncis, Scorpio is same to be used.3. it is used for having a headache, arthralgia pain, numb limbs and tense tendons.Join Rhizoma Chuanxiong etc. to control headache, join Scorpio, Olibanum etc. to control arthralgia pain etc..Additionally, for numb limbs and tense tendons, hands and feet caused by paralysis, often join Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae etc., then commonly used by clinic.
Rhizoma Gastrodiae clinical practice: 1. couple central nervous system has the effect of convulsion, analgesia, calmness, hypnosis and nootropics defying age.The reason producing this effect is relevant to reuptake and the storage of DANA with suppression central DA NA functional neurosurgery tip with dopamine (DA) in Rhizoma Gastrodiae reduction brain and norepinephrine (NA) content.2. the effect of pair cardiovascular system.Rhizoma Gastrodiae can make myocardial contraction strengthen and increase painstaking effort output, has promotion myocardial cell energy metabolism, improves myocardial blood circulation, increases damage-retardation effect.Central authorities' arteries is had the improvement result of compliance by Rhizoma Gastrodiae so that the blood vessel elasticity such as aorta, large artery trunks strengthens, thus enhancing the blood vessel buffer capacity to blood pressure.3. Rhizoma Gastrodiae can improve human body anoxia ability, and high temperature, high altitude localities operating personnel are had protective effect.Additionally, Rhizoma Gastrodiae to inflammatory early stage ooze out and swelling has inhibitory action, immunologic function is also had facilitation.In Rhizoma Gastrodiae, multiple active ingredient also has relieving cough and expelling phlegm and promotes the effects such as bile secretion.Rhizoma Gastrodiae is without any toxicity.Test proof Rhizoma Gastrodiae to blood picture, hepatic and renal function and cholesterol all without impact.Therefore, Rhizoma Gastrodiae can be not only used for prevention and can also be used for treatment, the equal avirulence of long-term prescription.
Dabie Mountains, Anhui Province district is one of main place of production of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, and by planting the continuous in recent years research and experiment at family, planting technology is also constantly improving improvement, and per mu yield is also increasing year by year.But still have many difficult problems to overcome in planting technology, for instance to need in planting process that substantial amounts of manually and labour cost was also in increase year by year in recent years so that finished product Rhizoma Gastrodiae cost increases, the profit effect at plantation family is serious.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is in that to provide a kind of simple to operate, it is possible to increase Rhizoma Gastrodiae saving of labor's high-yield planting method of land utilization ratio.
The technical problem to be solved realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of Rhizoma Gastrodiae saving of labor's high-yield planting method, concrete grammar step is as follows:
(1) selection of land, whole
Should selecting the ground, gentle slope rich in organic matter of half cloudy half light, plant paddy ditch, soil property selects loose loam, well-drained sandy loam or sand, and virgin soil is as well especially；Soil pH 5～6 is advisable；Avoid clay and flood low-lying area chaor, avoid continuous cropping；Additionally may utilize the place planting rhizoma gastrodiaes such as bomb shelter, cavern, basement；
(2) breeding
Select to weigh the Rhizoma Gastrodiae of more than 100 grams, with adopting with cultivation, during heading, to prevent sunlight from irradiating, when blooming, to carry out artificial pollination；About during the optional fine day morning 10 of pollination time, until medicated cap lid edge is micro-now spend time carry out, entangle fruit ear with plastic bag after pollination, when bottom fruit has a small amount of seed to shed, from bottom to top with ripe with receipts；
Owing to the seeds of Gastrodia elata life-span is short, the capsule under adopting answers sowing in time；During sowing, bacterium bed upper strata bacterium material is taken out, claws the soil on lower floor's bacterium material, the leaves wet by withered ebb tide, it is sprinkling upon on lower floor's bacterium material, slightly flattens, seed is uniformly sprinkling upon on leaves, on cover a thin sheet of moist fallen leaves, broadcast second layer seed, earthing 3 centimetres, then lid layer humidity leaves again, put into soil layer bacterium material, last earthing 10～15 centimetres；
Can broadcasting capsule 8～10 as often stored 10 root fungus materials, each capsule there are about 30,000 seeds, plants proper, and the Second Year autumn can receive a part of arrow fiber crops, hemp, son numb and substantial amounts of rice fiber crops, can plant as the kind of tuber breeding；
(3) cultivation
(1) bacterium material
Bacterium material generally selects the yellow chesnut of locality, cherry tree, Symplocoris Paniculatae tree, the trees such as Cortex Sapii Radicis, and diameter is advisable at 10cm to 15cm, and if tree to be rived too greatly use, is sawn into the bacterium material of 30cm to 35cm length；
(2) Ramulus Juglandis
With the Ramulus Juglandis of below diameter 1.5cm, being chopped into the little juggle of below 10cm, fresh juggle is best, must not exceed 7 days at the latest；
(3) cultivation
20cm high circle yard is piled according to the bacterium material often storing 10kg to 15kg, earth mulch is started to cultivate son fiber crops in the position of yard half, Armillaria mellea kind is closely placed in the middle part, two ends of bacterium material, it is advisable according to every truffles kind 0.2kg, Juglans Sigillata section 0.3 to 0.5kg is placed on every truffles kind side, generation fiber crops 1 or 2 are placed in the middle of strain and walnut wood, then blinding is started, soil layer must be between bacterium material heap top 15cm to 20cm, according to often cellar for storing things at a distance of 25cm, plough the first furrow as a guideline according to the wide long 3.5m of 1.5m, general 20 cellars for storing things of every moisture in the soil, dead furrow width 30cm, cultivating and covering Chinese fir twig 20cm after successfully above every moisture in the soil is shade in Rhizoma Gastrodiae cellar for storing things；
(4) field management
Rhizoma Gastrodiae to manage with delicacy after cutting out, and forbids people and animals to trample；To thicken earthing before surviving the winter, and it is antifreeze to add a cover leaves；Megathermal period in 6～August, should puing up a shed or a kind long-stalked crops is shaded, rainy season has cleared up gutter, has drained the water away in time before arriving, in case tuber rots；Spring, autumn, the solar radiation of necessity should be accepted, to keep certain temperature；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
The insect pest of Rhizoma Gastrodiae has Holotrichia diomphalia Bates, springtail, Gryllotalpa, scale insect, Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari. etc.；Prevention and controls is:
(1) Holotrichia diomphalia Bates and Gryllotalpa: add the dilution of a small amount of water with the phoxim 0.15 kilogram of 90% metrifonate or 50% in 100 square metres, mix fine earth 10-15 kilogram and make pesticide-clay mixture and spread fertilizer over the fields；
(2) springtail: the springtail bodily form is little, color is white, and generally with higher humidity condition for survival, 20-25 DEG C the most active, within 1 year, can breed 6-7 generation；Mainly sting the Mycoderma in food bacterium rod cortex, Gastrodia Elata Stem Tuber of also eating food, make Gastrodia Elata Stem Tuber that bad hole to occur；Can spray or water with dichlorvos or 0.1% derris extract of 1:800-1000 times at occurance peak, or with 4 slice/square metre aluminum phosphate smoked kills；
(3) Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari.: Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari. is except harm bacterium material, and also moth eats Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm and tuber, can use the poisoning of termiticide powder in the harm Sheng phase；
Above-mentioned termiticide powder is made up of the component of following weight: loess 500g, 65% Zineb wettable powder 5g, alphamethrin 5g, neutral detergent 4g, jingganmycin 8g, compound sodium nitrophenolate 4g, Fructus Capsici powder 5g, Folium Nelumbinis extract 3g, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens extract 3g, Fructus Sophorae extract 3g, Rhizoma Cimicifugae extract 3g, matrine 5g, Glyceryl Behenate 3g, benzoic acid 3g, Pollen Pini 3g, Saponin 3g, naphthalene acetic acid 3g, coumarin 3g, purple sweet potato cyanidin 3g, ethyl hydroxybenzoate 3g；During preparation, said components is put into mixing plant, continuous stirring about 10 minutes；Adopting above-mentioned termiticide powder can effectively prevent and treat Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari., under normal use technical conditions, noresidue in plant, little to natural environment and other biotic influence.
(4) scale insect: mainly mealybug harm Gastrodia Elata Stem Tuber.Generally brought in cellar for storing things by trees such as bacterium material, green woods.After harm, Rhizoma Gastrodiae growing way weakens, and quality reduces；Such as occurrence injury, this cave Rhizoma Gastrodiae should be dug in time, all be processed into commodity fiber crops and sell, forbid to reserve seed for planting, and this cave bacterium material is burned, in case spreading.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention utilizes tiny Ramulus Juglandis to infect the linker of fresh bacterium material as Armillaria mellea kind, ensure that generation fiber crops are numb again to mycelia carrier required in ripe Fructus Cannabis growth course to secondary son, the disposable plantation of burying of generation fiber crops is until ripe Rhizoma Gastrodiae is gathered, instead of two processes of secondary son fiber crops under traditional First Year cultivation material and Second Year, greatly reduce labor intensity, reduce the production cost of product, improve the profit of product.
Detailed description of the invention
For the technological means making the present invention realize, creation characteristic, reach purpose and effect and be easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
My company utilized idle land to plant several mu of Rhizoma Gastrodiaes in recent years, while study new technique, also several ten thousand yuan are invested for studying and explore planting rhizoma gastrodiae new method, now win initial success, while not affecting per mu yield, decrease cost of labor 50%, finished product Rhizoma Gastrodiae cost is made to reduce by 30%, add profit, and this technology scale is implemented to convert by my company, grows fine now.
Concrete grammar step is as follows:
(1) selection of land, whole
Should selecting the ground, gentle slope rich in organic matter of half cloudy half light, plant paddy ditch, soil property selects loose loam, well-drained sandy loam or sand, and virgin soil is as well especially；Soil pH 5～6 is advisable；Avoid clay and flood low-lying area chaor, avoid continuous cropping；Additionally may utilize the place planting rhizoma gastrodiaes such as bomb shelter, cavern, basement；
(2) breeding
Select to weigh the Rhizoma Gastrodiae of more than 100 grams, with adopting with cultivation, during heading, to prevent sunlight from irradiating, when blooming, to carry out artificial pollination；About during the optional fine day morning 10 of pollination time, until medicated cap lid edge is micro-now spend time carry out, entangle fruit ear with plastic bag after pollination, when bottom fruit has a small amount of seed to shed, from bottom to top with ripe with receipts；
Owing to the seeds of Gastrodia elata life-span is short, the capsule under adopting answers sowing in time；During sowing, bacterium bed upper strata bacterium material is taken out, claws the soil on lower floor's bacterium material, the leaves wet by withered ebb tide, it is sprinkling upon on lower floor's bacterium material, slightly flattens, seed is uniformly sprinkling upon on leaves, on cover a thin sheet of moist fallen leaves, broadcast second layer seed, earthing 3 centimetres, then lid layer humidity leaves again, put into soil layer bacterium material, last earthing 10～15 centimetres；
Can broadcasting capsule 8～10 as often stored 10 root fungus materials, each capsule there are about 30,000 seeds, plants proper, and the Second Year autumn can receive a part of arrow fiber crops, hemp, son numb and substantial amounts of rice fiber crops, can plant as the kind of tuber breeding；
(3) cultivation
(1) bacterium material
Bacterium material generally selects the yellow chesnut of locality, cherry tree, Symplocoris Paniculatae tree, the trees such as Cortex Sapii Radicis, and diameter is advisable at 10cm to 15cm, and if tree to be rived too greatly use, is sawn into the bacterium material of 30cm to 35cm length；
(2) Ramulus Juglandis
With the Ramulus Juglandis of below diameter 1.5cm, being chopped into the little juggle of below 10cm, fresh juggle is best, must not exceed 7 days at the latest；
(3) cultivation
20cm high circle yard is piled according to the bacterium material often storing 10kg to 15kg, earth mulch is started to cultivate son fiber crops in the position of yard half, Armillaria mellea kind is closely placed in the middle part, two ends of bacterium material, it is advisable according to every truffles kind 0.2kg, Juglans Sigillata section 0.3 to 0.5kg is placed on every truffles kind side, generation fiber crops 1 or 2 are placed in the middle of strain and walnut wood, then blinding is started, soil layer must be between bacterium material heap top 15cm to 20cm, according to often cellar for storing things at a distance of 25cm, plough the first furrow as a guideline according to the wide long 3.5m of 1.5m, general 20 cellars for storing things of every moisture in the soil, dead furrow width 30cm, cultivating and covering Chinese fir twig 20cm after successfully above every moisture in the soil is shade in Rhizoma Gastrodiae cellar for storing things；
(4) field management
Rhizoma Gastrodiae to manage with delicacy after cutting out, and forbids people and animals to trample；To thicken earthing before surviving the winter, and it is antifreeze to add a cover leaves；Megathermal period in 6～August, should puing up a shed or a kind long-stalked crops is shaded, rainy season has cleared up gutter, has drained the water away in time before arriving, in case tuber rots；Spring, autumn, the solar radiation of necessity should be accepted, to keep certain temperature；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
The insect pest of Rhizoma Gastrodiae has Holotrichia diomphalia Bates, springtail, Gryllotalpa, scale insect, Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari. etc.；Prevention and controls is:
(1) Holotrichia diomphalia Bates and Gryllotalpa: add the dilution of a small amount of water with the phoxim 0.15 kilogram of 90% metrifonate or 50% in 100 square metres, mix fine earth 10-15 kilogram and make pesticide-clay mixture and spread fertilizer over the fields；
(2) springtail: the springtail bodily form is little, color is white, and generally with higher humidity condition for survival, 20-25 DEG C the most active, within 1 year, can breed 6-7 generation；Mainly sting the Mycoderma in food bacterium rod cortex, Gastrodia Elata Stem Tuber of also eating food, make Gastrodia Elata Stem Tuber that bad hole to occur；Can spray or water with dichlorvos or 0.1% derris extract of 1:800-1000 times at occurance peak, or with 4 slice/square metre aluminum phosphate smoked kills；
(3) Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari.: Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari. is except harm bacterium material, and also moth eats Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm and tuber, can use the poisoning of termiticide powder in the harm Sheng phase；
(4) scale insect: mainly mealybug harm Gastrodia Elata Stem Tuber.Generally brought in cellar for storing things by trees such as bacterium material, green woods.After harm, Rhizoma Gastrodiae growing way weakens, and quality reduces；Such as occurrence injury, this cave Rhizoma Gastrodiae should be dug in time, all be processed into commodity fiber crops and sell, forbid to reserve seed for planting, and this cave bacterium material is burned, in case spreading.
The ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantages of the present invention have more than been shown and described.Skilled person will appreciate that of the industry; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; described in above-described embodiment and description is that principles of the invention is described; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements both fall within the claimed scope of the invention.Claimed scope is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. Rhizoma Gastrodiae saving of labor's high-yield planting method, it is characterised in that concrete grammar step is as follows:
(1) selection of land, whole
Should selecting the ground, gentle slope rich in organic matter of half cloudy half light, plant paddy ditch, soil property selects loose loam, well-drained sandy loam or sand, and soil pH 5～6 is advisable；Avoid clay and flood low-lying area chaor, avoid continuous cropping；
(2) breeding
Select to weigh the Rhizoma Gastrodiae of more than 100 grams, with adopting with cultivation, during heading, to prevent sunlight from irradiating, when blooming, to carry out artificial pollination；Pollination time selects fine day morning, until medicated cap lid edge is micro-now spend time carry out, entangle fruit ear with plastic bag after pollination, when bottom fruit has a small amount of seed to shed, from bottom to top with ripe with receipts；
Owing to the seeds of Gastrodia elata life-span is short, the capsule under adopting answers sowing in time；During sowing, bacterium bed upper strata bacterium material is taken out, claws the soil on lower floor's bacterium material, the leaves wet by withered ebb tide, it is sprinkling upon on lower floor's bacterium material, slightly flattens, seed is uniformly sprinkling upon on leaves, on cover a thin sheet of moist fallen leaves, broadcast second layer seed, earthing 3 centimetres, then lid layer humidity leaves again, put into soil layer bacterium material, last earthing 10～15 centimetres；
(3) cultivation
(1) bacterium material
Bacterium material selects local yellow chesnut, cherry tree, Symplocoris Paniculatae tree, Cortex Sapii Radicis trees, and diameter is advisable at 10cm to 15cm, and if tree to be rived too greatly use, is sawn into the bacterium material of 30cm to 35cm length；
(2) Ramulus Juglandis
With the Ramulus Juglandis of below diameter 1.5cm, being chopped into the little juggle of below 10cm, fresh juggle is best, must not exceed 7 days at the latest；
(3) cultivation
20cm high circle yard is piled according to the bacterium material often storing 10kg to 15kg, earth mulch is started to cultivate son fiber crops in the position of yard half, Armillaria mellea kind is closely placed in the middle part, two ends of bacterium material, it is advisable according to every truffles kind 0.2kg, Juglans Sigillata section 0.3 to 0.5kg is placed on every truffles kind side, generation fiber crops 1 or 2 are placed in the middle of strain and walnut wood, then blinding is started, soil layer must be between bacterium material heap top 15cm to 20cm, according to often cellar for storing things at a distance of 25cm, plough the first furrow as a guideline according to the wide long 3.5m of 1.5m, general 20 cellars for storing things of every moisture in the soil, dead furrow width 30cm, cultivating and covering Chinese fir twig 20cm after successfully above every moisture in the soil is shade in Rhizoma Gastrodiae cellar for storing things；
(4) field management
Rhizoma Gastrodiae to manage with delicacy after cutting out, and forbids people and animals to trample；To thicken earthing before surviving the winter, and it is antifreeze to add a cover leaves；Megathermal period in 6～August, should puing up a shed or a kind long-stalked crops is shaded, rainy season has cleared up gutter, has drained the water away in time before arriving, in case tuber rots；Spring, autumn, the solar radiation of necessity should be accepted, to keep certain temperature；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
The insect pest of Rhizoma Gastrodiae has Holotrichia diomphalia Bates, springtail, Gryllotalpa, scale insect, Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari., and prevention and controls is:
(1) Holotrichia diomphalia Bates and Gryllotalpa: add the dilution of a small amount of water with the phoxim 0.15 kilogram of 90% metrifonate or 50% in 100 square metres, mix fine earth 10-15 kilogram and make pesticide-clay mixture and spread fertilizer over the fields；
(2) springtail: the springtail bodily form is little, color is white, and with higher humidity condition for survival, 20-25 DEG C the most active, within 1 year, can breed 6-7 generation；Mainly sting the Mycoderma in food bacterium rod cortex, Gastrodia Elata Stem Tuber of also eating food, make Gastrodia Elata Stem Tuber that bad hole to occur；Can spray or water with dichlorvos or 0.1% derris extract of 1:800-1000 times at occurance peak, or with 4 slice/square metre aluminum phosphate smoked kills；
(3) Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari.: Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari. is except harm bacterium material, and also moth eats Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm and tuber, can use the poisoning of termiticide powder in the harm Sheng phase；
(4) scale insect: mainly mealybug harm Gastrodia Elata Stem Tuber, is brought in cellar for storing things by bacterium material, green wood trees, and after harm, Rhizoma Gastrodiae growing way weakens, and quality reduces；Such as occurrence injury, this cave Rhizoma Gastrodiae should be dug in time, all be processed into commodity fiber crops and sell, forbid to reserve seed for planting, and this cave bacterium material is burned, in case spreading.
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| CN107409723A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-01 | 何晓明 | A kind of low altitude area implantation methods of rhizoma Gastrodiae |
| CN109168952A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏青谷生态农业有限公司 | A kind of method of the imitative wild cultivation Phellinus of hayashishita |
| CN110583462A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-20 | 加美工业大麻生物科技(黑龙江)有限公司 | Method for soilless culture of industrial hemp and interplanting of saffron crocus in intelligent greenhouse |
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| CN109168952A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏青谷生态农业有限公司 | A kind of method of the imitative wild cultivation Phellinus of hayashishita |
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