CN106718066A - The breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium - Google Patents
The breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718066A CN106718066A CN201611248844.3A CN201611248844A CN106718066A CN 106718066 A CN106718066 A CN 106718066A CN 201611248844 A CN201611248844 A CN 201611248844A CN 106718066 A CN106718066 A CN 106718066A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium, comprise the following steps：(1) making of cultivation matrix；(2) making of edible black fungus bag；(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing；(4) inoculation and hair tube reason；(5) ear management.Fiber degradation and fermentation are made full use of in the breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium of the invention, cellulose is discharged very well in making raw material；Resulting agaric fungus bags comprehensive nutrition, Se content is high in meeting nutritional need in black fungus growth course, and the black fungus cultivated, quality better.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, a kind of breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium is related in particular to.
Background technology
Black fungus is a kind of nutritious edible mushroom, is again the traditional health food of China and exporting；It other
Name is a lot, because being grown on rotten wood, the ear of its likeness in form people, therefore named agaric.It has nutritive value higher and certain
Medical value, black fungus contains the necessary 8 kinds of Amino acids of human body and vitamin, also containing abundant colloid, is to human consumption
System has good clear and rich effect.It is a kind of saprophytic fungus, does not have chlorophyll, and oneself will not manufacture food, be by other lifes
Organic substance in object, while it seeks saprogenesis, must could grow as its nutriment on organism in the dust
Development, its mycelia is very strong to the cellulose in organism, the capacity of decomposition of hemicellulose, and organism can be made finally to crush.
The plantation of black fungus has turned into China Agricultural Structure Adjustment, peasant Tuo Ping and has got rich and ecological Export-Oriented Agriculture with cultivation
Important channel；With the continuous expansion and the development of mushroom industry of edible fungus culturing scale, substantial amounts of edible mushroom is so needed
Production matrix, Growing Edible Funguses with Substitutes technology has been widely adopted, and conventional alternative cultivation matrix is main by wood chip, wheat bran, stone
Cream powder etc. is constituted.Due to the not comprehensive nutrition of traditional cultivation matrix, cause that the black fungus yield of cultivation is not high, quality is also inadequate
Good, implantation time is more long.And conventional plantation raw material resources are fewer and feweri, it is therefore desirable to find new raw material replacing or
Supplement existing raw material resources.
The content of the invention
For above the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided provide a kind of comprehensive nutrition, meet nutrition in black fungus growth course
Se content is high in demand, and the black fungus cultivated, the breeding method of the black fungus rich in selenium of quality better.
Realize the technical scheme is that：A kind of breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium, comprises the following steps：
(1) making of cultivation matrix：Raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：Bamboo willow considers 50~65 parts, napier grass to be worth doing
10~20 parts, 10~18 parts of bagasse, 5~10 parts of purple sweet potato powder, 6~10 parts of malt flour, 8~12 parts of selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder, stone
1~2 part of ashes, 1~2 part of gypsum, 6~8 parts of medical stone, 4~6 parts of diatomite, 2~5 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 6~10 parts of glucose,
8~15 parts of sucrose, 1~2 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.2~0.6 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.1~0.6 part of phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate 0.1~0.3
Part, 0.3~0.6 part of ferrous sulfate；
Preparation method is：High-temperature sterilization is carried out after bamboo willow bits are crushed into powdering, 1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood crumb is taken
Spirit of vinegar is well mixed, and regulation PH is 4~6；1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood is considered to be worth doing under the conditions of 32~38 DEG C, adds cellulase
8~10h of reaction；Finally remaining undressed 1/3 graininess bamboo willow bits are well mixed with other two parts and are obtained；
It is 12~15% that fresh napier grass is dried to moisture content；Then powdering is smashed；With 6~8h of cellulose hydrolyzation；
After high-temperature sterilization, it is 4~6 to adjust PH with spirit of vinegar；
Dextrose and saccharose is weighed according to number, 3~5 times 40~50 DEG C of mineral water stirring and dissolving is added；Treat that temperature drops
When to 25~28 DEG C, calcium superphosphate, ammonium molybdate, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate, the ferrous sulfate system of stirring are added according to number
Into nutrient solution；
All raw materials are sufficiently mixed uniformly；Pyrolkigneous liquid is added, holding moisture is between 50~55%；It is well mixed
Afterwards, sealing and fermenting 10~15 days, make its abundant water swelling and softening, that is, obtain the cultivation matrix of black fungus rich in selenium；
(2) making of edible black fungus bag：During the cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix that step (1) is obtained entered into bacterium bag；Cultivation matrix is accounted for
The 70%~80% of the bacterium bag inner space；Stomata is pierced in the side of bacterium bag and bottom surface；
(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing：The bacterium bag that step (2) is obtained is 120~125 DEG C, high pressure steam sterilization 3 in temperature
~5h；After end subject to sterilization, normal temperature is returned to, take out bacterium bag；
(4) inoculation and hair tube reason：Under 23~26 DEG C of gnotobasis, black fungus strain is inoculated into above-mentioned bacterium bag
It is interior, and one layer of gauze soaked with limewash is covered on bacterium bag surface, it is inoculated with after in room temperature, shading, dry culturing room
Hair bacterium；Postvaccinal 1st day~the 12nd day, bacterium is issued at 20~25 DEG C；Postvaccinal 13rd day~25 days, in 26 DEG C, humidity
To cultivate in the environment of 70%；Carried out every 3~5 days miscellaneous bacteria check and hair bacterium situation inspection, timely supplement inoculation and
Eliminate miscellaneous bacteria；When rice-shaped ear base occurs in bacterium bag surface, perforate is continued in bacterium bag surrounding, culture moved into bacterium bag after 5~6 days
Agaric growing field carries out ear management；
(5) ear management：At 15 DEG C~25 DEG C, relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~95% to produce agaric temperature control；It is suitable
When ventilation supplementary light.
Preferably, the raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：55 parts of bamboo willow bits, 15 parts of napier grass, bagasse
16 parts, 8 parts of purple sweet potato powder, 8 parts of malt flour, selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder 8,2 parts of pulverized limestone, 2 parts of gypsum, 7 parts of medical stone, diatomite 5
Part, 3 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 8 parts of glucose, 10 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.3 part of phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, sulfuric acid
0.2 part of copper, 0.4 part of ferrous sulfate.
Preferably, the selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder is obtained in the following manner：Blackcurrant pigment is cultivated according to a conventional method, in black flower
When growing to 10~15cm of plant height, start to spray the micro- rich water solution containing microorganism nanometer selenium to it, sprayed every 10 days
Once, even spray three times；Gathered in when blackcurrant pigment is ripe, the selenium enriched black peanut rattan that particle diameter is 0.5~1.5mm is made after drying
Powder.
Preferably, the preparation method of the microorganism nanometer selenium is：By selenite be prepared into 0.005mol/L~
The solution of 0.05mol/L, by bacillus licheniformis according to mixing account for selenite solution 0.1%~0.3% ratio add to
In selenite solution；And 24~48h is kept at a temperature of 28~35 DEG C, obtained using low temperature drying after crystallization.
Preferably, the cellulase is in circumscribed β~dextranase, inscribe β~dextranase and β~glucuroide
One or more.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass fraction of the spirit of vinegar is 0.5%~1%.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass fraction of the pyrolkigneous liquid is 0.1%~0.3%.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, in the breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium of the present invention, especially bamboo willow, napier grass and bagasse source are rich for various raw materials
Richness, it is cheap；Greatly reduce cost of material；In these raw materials, bamboo willow is new hybridization of willows kind.Bamboo willow purposes is wide
General, bamboo willow material integrated fiber content is 89.88%, and content of lignin is 21.16%；Than general trees fiber content compared with
It is high；Content of cellulose is high, is conducive to the decomposition of edible mushroom to utilize, and bacterium speed is fast to send out fungus mycelium, and napier grass contains except cellulose
Amount is high outer, and its fresh grass crude protein content 5.66% produces various amino acid, there is provided nitrogen in agaric growth course after fermented decomposition
Source；Sugar content is higher in bagasse, carbon source in supplement agaric growth course；Above-mentioned three kinds of bases as substrate culture
Matter, meets the demand of basal nutrient in black fungus growth course；Add in collocation pulverized limestone, gypsum, medical stone, diatomite and nutrition
Plus after agent, nutrition more horn of plenty meets the demand of nutrient in black fungus growth course, using substrate culture of the present invention
Black fungus yield is high, quality better；
2nd, the present invention in various reasonable raw material proportionings, after adding nourishing additive agent, it is nutritious；There is provided black fungus
The demand of trace element in growth course, particularly adds purple sweet potato powder, malt flour and selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder, in these three raw materials
Se content enriches, and is all that inorganic selenium is changed into Organic Selenium by by plant, beneficial to the absorption of black fungus, by being beneficial to
In the black fungus that above-mentioned three kinds of raw material cultivations go out containing Se content is high, it is ear wall thickness, in good taste；
3rd, manufacturing process of the present invention is relatively simple, and operation is relatively easy to；Due to carrying out cellulose degradation treatment, acid to bamboo willow
Change is processed, and makes cellulose therein be easier to be decomposed, and is absorbed beneficial to black fungus；Because fermentation process with the addition of pyrolkigneous liquid, can
Effect is obviously promoted with the growth of mycelium, fructification to black fungus, hence it is evident that improve its yield；
4th, due to reasonable nutritional arrangment of the invention, and beneficial to the decomposition and absorption of black fungus；From be seeded to harvesting when
Between compared with it is original wood in advance 6~10 days or so；
5th, in daily management, accurate adjustment is adapted to the temperature and humidity that black fungus grows each stage, it is ensured that black fungus is given birth to
Suitable temperature and humidity environment is in growth process, is conducive to produce agaric and the growth of black fungus.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below.Based on the implementation in the present invention
Example, the every other embodiment that those skilled in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made belongs to this hair
The scope of bright protection.
Embodiment 1
A kind of breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) making of cultivation matrix：Raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：Bamboo willow consider to be worth doing 50 parts, 10 parts of napier grass,
10 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of purple sweet potato powder, 6 parts of malt flour, 8 parts of selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder, 1 part of pulverized limestone, 1 part of gypsum, 6 parts of medical stone,
4 parts of diatomite, 2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of glucose, 8 parts of sucrose, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.2 part of ammonium molybdate, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia 0.1
Part, 0.1 part of copper sulphate, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate；
Preparation method is：High-temperature sterilization is carried out after bamboo willow bits are crushed into powdering, 1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood crumb is taken
Mass fraction be 0.5% spirit of vinegar be well mixed, regulation PH be 6；1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood is considered to be worth doing in 32~38 DEG C of conditions
Under, add cellulase reaction 8h；Cellulase is circumscribed β~dextranase, inscribe β~dextranase and β~glucoside
One or more in enzyme；Finally remaining undressed 1/3 graininess bamboo willow bits are well mixed with other two parts and are obtained；
It is 12~15% that fresh napier grass is dried to moisture content；Then powdering is smashed；Use cellulose hydrolyzation 6h；High temperature
After sterilization, it is 6 to adjust PH with the spirit of vinegar that mass fraction is 0.5%；
Dextrose and saccharose is weighed according to number, 3 times 40~50 DEG C of mineral water stirring and dissolving is added；Treat that temperature is down to 25
When~28 DEG C, calcium superphosphate, ammonium molybdate, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate is added to stir and be made battalion according to number
Nutrient solution；
All raw materials are sufficiently mixed uniformly；Add the pyrolkigneous liquid that mass fraction is 0.1%, keep moisture 50~
Between 55%；After well mixed, sealing and fermenting 10~15 days makes its abundant water swelling and softening, that is, obtain black fungus rich in selenium
Cultivation matrix；
(2) making of edible black fungus bag：During the cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix that step (1) is obtained entered into bacterium bag；Cultivation matrix is accounted for
The 70%~80% of the bacterium bag inner space；Stomata is pierced in the side of bacterium bag and bottom surface；
(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing：The bacterium bag that step (2) is obtained is 120 DEG C, high pressure steam sterilization 5h in temperature；Treat
After sterilizing terminates, normal temperature is returned to, take out bacterium bag；
(4) inoculation and hair tube reason：Under 23~26 DEG C of gnotobasis, black fungus strain is inoculated into above-mentioned bacterium bag
It is interior, and one layer of gauze soaked with limewash is covered on bacterium bag surface, it is inoculated with after in room temperature, shading, dry culturing room
Hair bacterium；Postvaccinal 1st day~the 12nd day, bacterium is issued at 20~25 DEG C；Postvaccinal 13rd day~25 days, in 26 DEG C, humidity
To cultivate in the environment of 70%；Carried out every 3~5 days miscellaneous bacteria check and hair bacterium situation inspection, timely supplement inoculation and
Eliminate miscellaneous bacteria；When rice-shaped ear base occurs in bacterium bag surface, perforate is continued in bacterium bag surrounding, culture moved into out bacterium bag after 5 days
Agaric field carries out ear management；
(5) ear management：At 15 DEG C~25 DEG C, relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~95% to produce agaric temperature control；It is suitable
When ventilation supplementary light.
Embodiment 2
A kind of breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium of the present invention, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) making of cultivation matrix：Raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：Bamboo willow consider to be worth doing 55 parts, 15 parts of napier grass,
16 parts of bagasse, 8 parts of purple sweet potato powder, 8 parts of malt flour, selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder 8,2 parts of pulverized limestone, 2 parts of gypsum, 7 parts of medical stone, silicon
5 parts of diatomaceous earth, 3 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 8 parts of glucose, 10 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.3 part of phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia,
0.2 part of copper sulphate, 0.4 part of ferrous sulfate；In the present embodiment, selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder is obtained in the following manner：It is routinely square
Method cultivates blackcurrant pigment, when blackcurrant pigment grows to 10~15cm of plant height, starts to spray the micro- fertilizer containing microorganism nanometer selenium to it
The aqueous solution, sprayed once every 10 days, even spray three times；Gathered in when blackcurrant pigment is ripe, be made after drying particle diameter for 0.5~
The selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder of 1.5mm；The preparation method of microorganism nanometer selenium is：By selenite be prepared into 0.005mol/L~
The solution of 0.05mol/L, by bacillus licheniformis according to mixing account for selenite solution 0.1%~0.3% ratio add to
In selenite solution；And 24~48h is kept at a temperature of 28~35 DEG C, obtained using low temperature drying after crystallization；
Preparation method is：High-temperature sterilization is carried out after bamboo willow bits are crushed into powdering, 1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood crumb is taken
Mass fraction be 0.6% spirit of vinegar be well mixed, regulation PH be 5；1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood is considered to be worth doing in 32~38 DEG C of conditions
Under, add cellulase reaction 9h；Cellulase is circumscribed β~dextranase, inscribe β~dextranase and β~glucoside
One or more in enzyme；Finally remaining undressed 1/3 graininess bamboo willow bits are well mixed with other two parts and are obtained；
It is 12~15% that fresh napier grass is dried to moisture content；Then powdering is smashed；With 6~8h of cellulose hydrolyzation；
After high-temperature sterilization, it is 5 to adjust PH with the spirit of vinegar that mass fraction is 0.6%；
Dextrose and saccharose is weighed according to number, 4 times 40~50 DEG C of mineral water stirring and dissolving is added；Treat that temperature is down to 25
When~28 DEG C, calcium superphosphate, ammonium molybdate, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate is added to stir and be made battalion according to number
Nutrient solution；
All raw materials are sufficiently mixed uniformly；Add the pyrolkigneous liquid that mass fraction is 0.2%, keep moisture 50~
Between 55%；After well mixed, sealing and fermenting 10~15 days makes its abundant water swelling and softening, that is, obtain black fungus rich in selenium
Cultivation matrix；
(2) making of edible black fungus bag：During the cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix that step (1) is obtained entered into bacterium bag；Cultivation matrix is accounted for
The 70%~80% of the bacterium bag inner space；Stomata is pierced in the side of bacterium bag and bottom surface；
(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing：The bacterium bag that step (2) is obtained is 123 DEG C, high pressure steam sterilization 4h in temperature；Treat
After sterilizing terminates, normal temperature is returned to, take out bacterium bag；
(4) inoculation and hair tube reason：Under 23~26 DEG C of gnotobasis, black fungus strain is inoculated into above-mentioned bacterium bag
It is interior, and one layer of gauze soaked with limewash is covered on bacterium bag surface, it is inoculated with after in room temperature, shading, dry culturing room
Hair bacterium；Postvaccinal 1st day~the 12nd day, bacterium is issued at 20~25 DEG C；Postvaccinal 13rd day~25 days, in 26 DEG C, humidity
To cultivate in the environment of 70%；Carried out every 3~5 days miscellaneous bacteria check and hair bacterium situation inspection, timely supplement inoculation and
Eliminate miscellaneous bacteria；When rice-shaped ear base occurs in bacterium bag surface, perforate is continued in bacterium bag surrounding, culture moved into out bacterium bag after 6 days
Agaric field carries out ear management；
(5) ear management：At 15 DEG C~25 DEG C, relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~95% to produce agaric temperature control；It is suitable
When ventilation supplementary light.
Embodiment 3
A kind of breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium of the present invention, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) making of cultivation matrix：Raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：Bamboo willow consider to be worth doing 65 parts, 20 parts of napier grass,
18 parts of bagasse, 10 parts of purple sweet potato powder, 10 parts of malt flour, 12 parts of selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder, 2 parts of pulverized limestone, 2 parts of gypsum, medical stone 8
Part, 6 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of glucose, 15 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.6 part of ammonium molybdate, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia
0.6 part, 0.3 part of copper sulphate, 0.6 part of ferrous sulfate；The selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder of the present embodiment obtains mode with embodiment 2；
Preparation method is：High-temperature sterilization is carried out after bamboo willow bits are crushed into powdering, 1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood crumb is taken
Mass fraction be 1% spirit of vinegar be well mixed, regulation PH be 4；1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood is considered to be worth doing under the conditions of 32~38 DEG C,
Add cellulase reaction 10h；Cellulase is circumscribed β~dextranase, inscribe β~dextranase and β~glucuroide
In one or more；Finally remaining undressed 1/3 graininess bamboo willow bits are well mixed with other two parts and are obtained；
It is 12~15% that fresh napier grass is dried to moisture content；Then powdering is smashed；With 6~8h of cellulose hydrolyzation；
After high-temperature sterilization, it is 4 to adjust PH with the spirit of vinegar that mass fraction is 1%；
Dextrose and saccharose is weighed according to number, 5 times 40~50 DEG C of mineral water stirring and dissolving is added；Treat that temperature is down to 25
When~28 DEG C, calcium superphosphate, ammonium molybdate, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate is added to stir and be made battalion according to number
Nutrient solution；
All raw materials are sufficiently mixed uniformly；Add the pyrolkigneous liquid that mass fraction is 0.3%, keep moisture 50~
Between 55%；After well mixed, sealing and fermenting 10~15 days makes its abundant water swelling and softening, that is, obtain black fungus rich in selenium
Cultivation matrix；
(2) making of edible black fungus bag：During the cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix that step (1) is obtained entered into bacterium bag；Cultivation matrix is accounted for
The 70%~80% of the bacterium bag inner space；Stomata is pierced in the side of bacterium bag and bottom surface；
(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing：The bacterium bag that step (2) is obtained is 125 DEG C, high pressure steam sterilization 3h in temperature；Treat
After sterilizing terminates, normal temperature is returned to, take out bacterium bag；
(4) inoculation and hair tube reason：Under 23~26 DEG C of gnotobasis, black fungus strain is inoculated into above-mentioned bacterium bag
It is interior, and one layer of gauze soaked with limewash is covered on bacterium bag surface, it is inoculated with after in room temperature, shading, dry culturing room
Hair bacterium；Postvaccinal 1st day~the 12nd day, bacterium is issued at 20~25 DEG C；Postvaccinal 13rd day~25 days, in 26 DEG C, humidity
To cultivate in the environment of 70%；Carried out every 3~5 days miscellaneous bacteria check and hair bacterium situation inspection, timely supplement inoculation and
Eliminate miscellaneous bacteria；When rice-shaped ear base occurs in bacterium bag surface, perforate is continued in bacterium bag surrounding, culture moved into bacterium bag after 5~6 days
Agaric growing field carries out ear management；
(5) ear management：At 15 DEG C~25 DEG C, relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~95% to produce agaric temperature control；It is suitable
When ventilation supplementary light.
Black fungus finally is cultivated with the type of rearing in the embodiment of the present invention 1 to 3, labeled as group 1,2 and group 3 is organized, respectively
Represent the type of rearing of embodiment 1 to 3；To organize 1 to group 3 black fungus type of rearing and comparative example (with common wood chip, wheat bran,
Based on gypsum) cultivation black fungus comparative result is as shown in table 1 under identical management condition.
The growth of each group black fungus and harvesting situation in the experimental period of table 1：
Conclusion
As can be seen from Table 1：The agaric culture medium matter of the present invention of same quality bacterium bag is passed through with the agaric culture medium matter of routine
Planting experiment is crossed, the agaric yield that the agaric culture medium matter used during harvesting is harvested is nearlyer by one than conventional culture matrix volume increase
Times, total Se content is common 1.5 times or so in black fungus；And agaric meat is plump, power of regeneration is strong, and produce agaric is fast, neat, color
Deep sturdy, hacking is good.In addition, using substrate culture black fungus of the invention, being harvested than conventional 6~10 days in advance.
Finally, the black fungus of experimental group and control group is randomly selected, black fungus mouthfeel measure, after measured, experimental group is carried out
Black fungus mouthfeel substantially due to control group, meat-like flavor it is more rich, illustrate, the present invention obtained in cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix for mouth
The improvement of sense has certain effect.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in essence of the invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) making of cultivation matrix：Raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：50~65 parts of bamboo willow bits, napier grass 10~
20 parts, 10~18 parts of bagasse, 5~10 parts of purple sweet potato powder, 6~10 parts of malt flour, 8~12 parts of selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder, pulverized limestone 1
~2 parts, 1~2 part of gypsum, 6~8 parts of medical stone, 4~6 parts of diatomite, 2~5 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 6~10 parts of glucose, sucrose 8
~15 parts, 1~2 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.2~0.6 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.1~0.6 part of phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, 0.1~0.3 part of copper sulphate, sulphur
It is sour ferrous 0.3~0.6 part；
Preparation method is：High-temperature sterilization is carried out after bamboo willow bits are crushed into powdering, the 1/3 size-reduced bamboo dilute vinegar of driftwood crumb is taken
Acid is well mixed, and regulation PH is 4~6；1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood is considered to be worth doing under the conditions of 32~38 DEG C, adds cellulase reaction 8
~10h；Finally remaining undressed 1/3 graininess bamboo willow bits are well mixed with other two parts and are obtained；
It is 12~15% that fresh napier grass is dried to moisture content；Then powdering is smashed；With 6~8h of cellulose hydrolyzation；High temperature
After sterilization, it is 4~6 to adjust PH with spirit of vinegar；
Dextrose and saccharose is weighed according to number, 3~5 times 40~50 DEG C of mineral water stirring and dissolving is added；Treat that temperature is down to 25
When~28 DEG C, calcium superphosphate, ammonium molybdate, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate is added to stir and be made battalion according to number
Nutrient solution；
All raw materials are sufficiently mixed uniformly；Pyrolkigneous liquid is added, holding moisture is between 50~55%；After well mixed,
Sealing and fermenting 10~15 days, makes its abundant water swelling and softening, that is, obtain the cultivation matrix of black fungus rich in selenium；
(2) making of edible black fungus bag：During the cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix that step (1) is obtained entered into bacterium bag；Cultivation matrix accounts for described
The 70%~80% of bacterium bag inner space；Stomata is pierced in the side of bacterium bag and bottom surface；
(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing：The bacterium bag that step (2) is obtained temperature be 120~125 DEG C, high pressure steam sterilization 3~
5h；After end subject to sterilization, normal temperature is returned to, take out bacterium bag；
(4) inoculation and hair tube reason：Under 23~26 DEG C of gnotobasis, black fungus strain is inoculated into above-mentioned bacterium bag, and
One layer of gauze soaked with limewash is covered on bacterium bag surface, inoculation in room temperature, shading, dry culturing room after sending out bacterium；
Postvaccinal 1st day~the 12nd day, bacterium is issued at 20~25 DEG C；Postvaccinal 13rd day~25 days, be 70% in 26 DEG C, humidity
In the environment of cultivate；A miscellaneous bacteria was carried out every 3~5 days and checks and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, timely supplement inoculation is miscellaneous with superseded
Bacterium；When rice-shaped ear base occurs in bacterium bag surface, perforate is continued in bacterium bag surrounding, bacterium bag is moved into agaric growing field by culture after 5~6 days
Carry out ear management；
(5) ear management：At 15 DEG C~25 DEG C, relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~95% to produce agaric temperature control；It is in good time logical
Wind ventilation supplementary light.
2. the breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The raw material presses the weight of following raw material
Amount number composition：55 parts of bamboo willow bits, 15 parts of napier grass, 16 parts of bagasse, 8 parts of purple sweet potato powder, 8 parts of malt flour, selenium enriched black peanut rattan
Powder 8,2 parts of pulverized limestone, 2 parts of gypsum, 7 parts of medical stone, 5 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 8 parts of glucose, excessively 10 parts of sucrose, phosphorus
2 parts of sour calcium, 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.3 part of phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, 0.2 part of copper sulphate, 0.4 part of ferrous sulfate.
3. the breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder
Obtain in the following manner：Blackcurrant pigment is cultivated according to a conventional method, when blackcurrant pigment grows to 10~15cm of plant height, starts to be sprayed to it
The micro- rich water solution containing microorganism nanometer selenium is applied, was sprayed once every 10 days, even spray three times；Received when blackcurrant pigment is ripe
Cut, the selenium enriched black peanut rattan powder that particle diameter is 0.5~1.5mm is made after drying.
4. the breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The preparation of the microorganism nanometer selenium
Method is：Selenite is prepared into the solution of 0.005mol/L~0.05mol/L, bacillus licheniformis is accounted for into Asia according to mixing
The ratio of selenic acid salting liquid 0.1%~0.3% is added into selenite solution；And at a temperature of 28~35 DEG C keep 24~
48h, is obtained after crystallization using low temperature drying.
5. the breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cellulase be circumscribed β~
One or more in dextranase, inscribe β~dextranase and β~glucuroide.
6. the preparation method of the breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (1)
In, the mass fraction of the spirit of vinegar is 0.5%~1%.
7. the preparation method of the breeding method of black fungus rich in selenium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (1)
In, the mass fraction of the pyrolkigneous liquid is 0.1%~0.3%.
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