CN106852254A - The cultural method of black fungus - Google Patents
The cultural method of black fungus Download PDFInfo
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- CN106852254A CN106852254A CN201611248874.4A CN201611248874A CN106852254A CN 106852254 A CN106852254 A CN 106852254A CN 201611248874 A CN201611248874 A CN 201611248874A CN 106852254 A CN106852254 A CN 106852254A
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- black fungus
- napier grass
- bacterium bag
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of black fungus, comprise the following steps：(1) making of cultivation matrix；(2) making of edible black fungus bag；(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing；(4) it is inoculated with；(5) daily management.Fiber degradation and fermentation are made full use of in the cultural method of black fungus of the invention, cellulose is discharged very well in making raw material；Resulting agaric fungus bags comprehensive nutrition, meets nutritional need in black fungus growth course, and the black fungus yield cultivated is high, quality better, shortens implantation time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, a kind of cultural method of black fungus is related in particular to.
Background technology
Black fungus is a kind of nutritious edible mushroom, is again the traditional health food of China and exporting；It other
Name is a lot, because being grown on rotten wood, the ear of its likeness in form people, therefore named agaric.It has nutritive value higher and certain
Medical value, black fungus contains the necessary 8 kinds of Amino acids of human body and vitamin, also containing abundant colloid, is to human consumption
System has good clear and rich effect.It is a kind of saprophytic fungus, does not have chlorophyll, and oneself will not manufacture food, be by other lifes
Organic substance in object, while it seeks saprogenesis, must could grow as its nutriment on organism in the dust
Development, its mycelia is very strong to the cellulose in organism, the capacity of decomposition of hemicellulose, and organism can be made finally to crush.
The plantation of black fungus has turned into China Agricultural Structure Adjustment, peasant Tuo Ping and has got rich and ecological Export-Oriented Agriculture with cultivation
Important channel；With the continuous expansion and the development of mushroom industry of edible fungus culturing scale, substantial amounts of edible mushroom is so needed
Production matrix, Growing Edible Funguses with Substitutes technology has been widely adopted, and conventional alternative cultivation matrix is main by wood chip, wheat bran, stone
Cream powder etc. is constituted.Due to the not comprehensive nutrition of traditional cultivation matrix, cause that the black fungus yield of cultivation is not high, quality is also inadequate
Good, implantation time is more long.And conventional plantation raw material resources are fewer and feweri, it is therefore desirable to find new raw material replacing or
Supplement existing raw material resources.
The content of the invention
For above the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided provide a kind of comprehensive nutrition, meet nutrition in black fungus growth course
Demand, and the black fungus yield cultivated is high, quality better, shortens the cultural method of the black fungus of implantation time.
Realize the technical scheme is that：A kind of cultural method of black fungus, comprises the following steps：
(1) making of cultivation matrix：Raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：Bamboo willow considers 72~82 parts, napier grass to be worth doing
10~20 parts of stalk, 8~16 parts of napier grass leaf powder, 10~18 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 1~5 part of pulverized limestone, 1~3 part of gypsum, analysis for soybean powder 5~
10 parts, 1~3 part of oyster shell whiting, 6~8 parts of medical stone, 4~6 parts of diatomite, 2~5 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 6~15 parts of glucose, sucrose
10~20 parts, 1~3 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.2~0.6 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.002~0.008 part of yeast selenium, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia 0.1~
0.6 part, 0.1~0.8 part of copper sulphate, 0.5~0.8 part of ferrous sulfate；
High-temperature sterilization is carried out after bamboo willow bits are crushed into powdering, 1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood crumb spirit of vinegar mixing is taken
Uniformly, regulation PH is 4~6；1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood is considered to be worth doing under the conditions of 32~38 DEG C, adds cellulase to react 8~10h；
Finally remaining undressed 1/3 bamboo driftwood bits are well mixed with other two parts and are obtained；
After fresh napier grass is cradled, napier grass leaf and napier grass stalk are separated；It is 12~15% to dry to moisture content；Will be as
Careless stalk smashes powdering；Then 6~8h of cellulose hydrolyzation is used；Rub broken after napier grass leaf is chopped up, after high-temperature sterilization, use dilute vinegar
Acid regulation PH is 4~6；
Bamboo willow bits, napier grass stalk, napier grass leaf powder and sugarcane bagasse are mixed into primary raw materials according to number, mineral water is added
It is well mixed；It is then placed in fermentation in heaps 6~8 days in fermentation vat；At least renovate once daily；
Dextrose and saccharose is weighed according to number, 2~3 times 40~50 DEG C of mineral water stirring and dissolving is added；Treat that temperature drops
When to 25~28 DEG C, calcium superphosphate, ammonium molybdate, yeast selenium, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate is added to stir according to number
Mix and be uniformly made nutrient solution；
By the good primary raw materials of primary fermentation according to number add oyster shell whiting, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, pulverized limestone, gypsum, analysis for soybean powder,
Medical stone, diatomite and above-mentioned nutrient solution are sufficiently mixed uniformly；Pyrolkigneous liquid is added, holding moisture is between 50~55%；
After well mixed, sealing and fermenting 10~15 days makes its abundant water swelling and softening, that is, obtain cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix；
(2) making of edible black fungus bag：During the cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix that step (1) is obtained entered into bacterium bag；Cultivation matrix is accounted for
The 70%~80% of the bacterium bag inner space；Stomata is pierced in the side of bacterium bag and bottom surface, then the insert band at air-vent
There is the breather pipe of filter medium；
(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing：The bacterium bag of the loading matrix that step (2) is obtained is 120~125 DEG C, height in temperature
2~3h of pressure steam sterilizing；After end subject to sterilization, normal temperature is returned to, take out bacterium bag；
(4) it is inoculated with：Under 23~26 DEG C of gnotobasis, black fungus strain is inoculated into bacterium bag, and on bacterium bag surface
One layer of gauze soaked with limewash of covering, inoculation in room temperature, shading, dry culturing room after sending out bacterium；
(5) daily management：At 15 DEG C~24 DEG C, air humidity is maintained at 50%~60% to culturing room's temperature control, every 3
Carry out within~5 days a miscellaneous bacteria and check and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, timely supplement inoculation and superseded miscellaneous bacteria；When rice occurs in bacterium bag surface
During granular ear base, perforate is continued in bacterium bag surrounding, bacterium bag is moved into agaric growing field and carries out ear management, produce agaric temperature by culture after 5~6 days
Degree control widens day and night temperature control at 9 DEG C~12 DEG C at 15 DEG C~25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~
95%；In good time ventilation.
Preferably, the raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：Bamboo willow consider to be worth doing 76 parts, 15 parts of napier grass stalk, as
15 parts of blade of grass powder, 16 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 2 parts of pulverized limestone, 2 parts of gypsum, 8 parts of analysis for soybean powder, 2 parts of oyster shell whiting, 7 parts of medical stone, diatomite 5
Part, 3 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of glucose, 15 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.4 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.006 part of yeast selenium, phosphoric acid
0.3 part of hydrogen ammonia, 0.5 part of copper sulphate, 0.7 part of ferrous sulfate.
Preferably, the gypsum is got off from mining, is directly crushed to 60~80 mesh and is obtained.
Preferably, the cellulase is in circumscribed β~dextranase, inscribe β~dextranase and β~glucuroide
One or more；
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass fraction of the spirit of vinegar is 0.5%~1%.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass fraction of the pyrolkigneous liquid is 0.1%~0.3%.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the present invention are：1st, in the cultural method of black fungus of the present invention, various originals
Expect especially bamboo willow, napier grass and sugarcane bagasse abundance, it is cheap；Greatly reduce cost of material；In these raw materials, bamboo
Willow is new hybridization of willows kind.Bamboo willow is widely used, and bamboo willow material integrated fiber content is 89.88%, and content of lignin is
21.16%；Fiber content than general trees is higher；Content of cellulose is high, is conducive to the decomposition of edible mushroom to utilize, and makes agaric fungus
Silk hair bacterium speed is fast, and in addition to content of cellulose is high, its fresh grass crude protein content 5.66% is produced each napier grass after fermented decomposition
Plant amino acid, there is provided nitrogen source in agaric growth course；Sugar content is higher in sugarcane bagasse, carbon source in supplement agaric growth course；
Above-mentioned three kinds of basic substances as substrate culture, meet the demand of basal nutrient in black fungus growth course；In collocation lime
After powder, gypsum, analysis for soybean powder, medical stone, diatomite and nourishing additive agent, nutrition more horn of plenty meets black fungus growth course
The demand of middle nutrient, the black fungus yield using substrate culture of the present invention is high, quality better；
2nd, the present invention in various reasonable raw material proportionings, after adding nourishing additive agent, it is nutritious；There is provided black fungus
In growth course trace element demand, particularly add yeast selenium after, in agaric containing Se content it is high, using matrix of the invention
The agaric for cultivating, it is its ear wall thickness, in good taste；
3rd, manufacturing process of the present invention is relatively simple, and operation is relatively easy to；Due to carrying out cellulose degradation treatment, acid to bamboo willow
Change is processed, and makes cellulose therein be easier to be decomposed, and is absorbed beneficial to black fungus；Because fermentation process with the addition of pyrolkigneous liquid, can
Effect is obviously promoted with the growth of mycelium, fructification to black fungus, hence it is evident that improve its yield；
4th, due to reasonable nutritional arrangment of the invention, and beneficial to the decomposition and absorption of black fungus；From be seeded to harvesting when
Between compared with it is original wood in advance 7~10 days or so；
5th, in daily management, accurate adjustment is adapted to the temperature and humidity that black fungus grows each stage, it is ensured that black fungus is given birth to
Suitable temperature and humidity environment is in growth process, is conducive to produce agaric and the growth of black fungus.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below.Based on the implementation in the present invention
Example, the every other embodiment that those skilled in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made belongs to this hair
The scope of bright protection.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of black fungus of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) making of cultivation matrix：Raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：Bamboo willow considers 72 parts, napier grass stalk to be worth doing
10 parts, 8 parts of napier grass leaf powder, 10 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 1 part of pulverized limestone, 1 part of gypsum, 5 parts of analysis for soybean powder, 1 part of oyster shell whiting, 6 parts of medical stone,
4 parts of diatomite, 2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of glucose, 10 parts of sucrose, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.2 part of ammonium molybdate, yeast selenium 0.002
Part, 0.1 part of phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, 0.1 part of copper sulphate, 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate；Gypsum is got off from mining, is directly crushed to 60
Mesh is obtained；
High-temperature sterilization is carried out after bamboo willow bits are crushed into powdering, taking 1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood crumb mass fraction is
0.5% spirit of vinegar is well mixed, and regulation PH is 6；1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood is considered to be worth doing under the conditions of 32~38 DEG C, adds fiber
Plain enzyme reaction 10h；Finally remaining undressed 1/3 bamboo driftwood bits are well mixed with other two parts and are obtained；Cellulase is
One or more in circumscribed β~dextranase, inscribe β~dextranase and β~glucuroide；
After fresh napier grass is cradled, napier grass leaf and napier grass stalk are separated；It is 12~15% to dry to moisture content；Will be as
Careless stalk smashes powdering；Then cellulose hydrolyzation 6h is used；Rub broken after napier grass leaf is chopped up, after high-temperature sterilization, with quality point
Number is 6 for 0.5% spirit of vinegar regulation PH；
Bamboo willow bits, napier grass stalk, napier grass leaf powder and sugarcane bagasse are mixed into primary raw materials according to number, mineral water is added
It is well mixed；It is then placed in fermentation in heaps 6 days in fermentation vat；At least renovate once daily；
Dextrose and saccharose is weighed according to number, 2 times 40~50 DEG C of mineral water stirring and dissolving is added；Treat that temperature is down to 25
When~28 DEG C, add calcium superphosphate, ammonium molybdate, yeast selenium, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate stirring equal according to number
It is even to be made nutrient solution；
By the good primary raw materials of primary fermentation according to number add oyster shell whiting, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, pulverized limestone, gypsum, analysis for soybean powder,
Medical stone, diatomite and above-mentioned nutrient solution are sufficiently mixed uniformly；The pyrolkigneous liquid that mass fraction is 0.1% is added, keeps moisture to contain
Amount is between 50~55%；After well mixed, sealing and fermenting 10 days makes its abundant water swelling and softening, that is, obtain black fungus
Cultivation matrix；
(2) making of edible black fungus bag：During the cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix that step (1) is obtained entered into bacterium bag；Cultivation matrix is accounted for
The 70% of the bacterium bag inner space；Stomata is pierced in the side of bacterium bag and bottom surface, then insertion carries filtering at air-vent
The breather pipe of medium；
(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing：The bacterium bag of the loading matrix that step (2) is obtained is 120 DEG C, high steam in temperature
Sterilizing 2h；After end subject to sterilization, normal temperature is returned to, take out bacterium bag；
(4) it is inoculated with：Under 23 DEG C of gnotobasis, black fungus strain is inoculated into bacterium bag, and in the covering of bacterium bag surface
One layer of gauze soaked with limewash, inoculation in room temperature, shading, dry culturing room after sending out bacterium；
(5) daily management：At 15 DEG C~24 DEG C, air humidity is maintained at 50%~60% to culturing room's temperature control, every 3
Carry out within~5 days a miscellaneous bacteria and check and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, timely supplement inoculation and superseded miscellaneous bacteria；When rice occurs in bacterium bag surface
During granular ear base, perforate is continued in bacterium bag surrounding, bacterium bag is moved into agaric growing field and carries out ear management, produce agaric temperature by culture after 5~6 days
Degree control widens day and night temperature control at 9 DEG C~12 DEG C at 15 DEG C~25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~
95%；In good time ventilation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of black fungus of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) making of cultivation matrix：Raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：Bamboo willow considers 76 parts, napier grass stalk to be worth doing
15 parts, 15 parts of napier grass leaf powder, 16 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 2 parts of pulverized limestone, 2 parts of gypsum, 8 parts of analysis for soybean powder, 2 parts of oyster shell whiting, 7 parts of medical stone,
5 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of glucose, 15 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.4 part of ammonium molybdate, yeast selenium 0.006
Part, 0.3 part of phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, 0.5 part of copper sulphate, 0.7 part of ferrous sulfate；Gypsum is got off from mining, is directly crushed to 70
Mesh is obtained；
High-temperature sterilization is carried out after bamboo willow bits are crushed into powdering, taking 1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood crumb mass fraction is
0.8% spirit of vinegar is well mixed, and regulation PH is 5；1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood is considered to be worth doing under the conditions of 32~38 DEG C, adds fiber
Plain enzyme reaction 9h；Finally remaining undressed 1/3 bamboo driftwood bits are well mixed with other two parts and are obtained；Cellulase is outer
Cut one or more in β~dextranase, inscribe β~dextranase and β~glucuroide；
After fresh napier grass is cradled, napier grass leaf and napier grass stalk are separated；It is 12~15% to dry to moisture content；Will be as
Careless stalk smashes powdering；Then cellulose hydrolyzation 7h is used；Rub broken after napier grass leaf is chopped up, after high-temperature sterilization, with quality point
Number is 5 for 0.8% spirit of vinegar regulation PH；
Bamboo willow bits, napier grass stalk, napier grass leaf powder and sugarcane bagasse are mixed into primary raw materials according to number, mineral water is added
It is well mixed；It is then placed in fermentation in heaps 7 days in fermentation vat；At least renovate once daily；
Dextrose and saccharose is weighed according to number, 3 times 40~50 DEG C of mineral water stirring and dissolving is added；Treat that temperature is down to 25
When~28 DEG C, add calcium superphosphate, ammonium molybdate, yeast selenium, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate stirring equal according to number
It is even to be made nutrient solution；
By the good primary raw materials of primary fermentation according to number add oyster shell whiting, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, pulverized limestone, gypsum, analysis for soybean powder,
Medical stone, diatomite and above-mentioned nutrient solution are sufficiently mixed uniformly；The pyrolkigneous liquid that mass fraction is 0.2% is added, keeps moisture to contain
Amount is between 50~55%；After well mixed, sealing and fermenting 12 days makes its abundant water swelling and softening, that is, obtain black fungus
Cultivation matrix；
(2) making of edible black fungus bag：During the cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix that step (1) is obtained entered into bacterium bag；Cultivation matrix is accounted for
The 70%~80% of the bacterium bag inner space；Stomata is pierced in the side of bacterium bag and bottom surface, then the insert band at air-vent
There is the breather pipe of filter medium；
(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing：The bacterium bag of the loading matrix that step (2) is obtained is 120~125 DEG C, height in temperature
2~3h of pressure steam sterilizing；After end subject to sterilization, normal temperature is returned to, take out bacterium bag；
(4) it is inoculated with：Under 23~26 DEG C of gnotobasis, black fungus strain is inoculated into bacterium bag, and on bacterium bag surface
One layer of gauze soaked with limewash of covering, inoculation in room temperature, shading, dry culturing room after sending out bacterium；
(5) daily management：At 15 DEG C~24 DEG C, air humidity is maintained at 50%~60% to culturing room's temperature control, every 3
Carry out within~5 days a miscellaneous bacteria and check and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, timely supplement inoculation and superseded miscellaneous bacteria；When rice occurs in bacterium bag surface
During granular ear base, perforate is continued in bacterium bag surrounding, bacterium bag is moved into agaric growing field and carries out ear management, produce agaric temperature by culture after 5~6 days
Degree control widens day and night temperature control at 9 DEG C~12 DEG C at 15 DEG C~25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~
95%；In good time ventilation.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of black fungus of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) making of cultivation matrix：Raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：Bamboo willow considers 82 parts, napier grass stalk to be worth doing
20 parts, 16 parts of napier grass leaf powder, 18 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 5 parts of pulverized limestone, 3 parts of gypsum, 10 parts of analysis for soybean powder, 3 parts of oyster shell whiting, medical stone 8
Part, 6 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 15 parts of glucose, 20 parts of sucrose, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.6 part of ammonium molybdate, yeast selenium
0.008 part, 0.6 part of phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, 0.8 part of copper sulphate, 0.8 part of ferrous sulfate；Gypsum is got off from mining, is directly crushed
Obtained to 80 mesh；
High-temperature sterilization is carried out after bamboo willow bits are crushed into powdering, taking 1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood crumb mass fraction is
1% spirit of vinegar is well mixed, and regulation PH is 4；1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood is considered to be worth doing under the conditions of 32~38 DEG C, adds cellulose
8~10h of enzyme reaction；Finally remaining undressed 1/3 bamboo driftwood bits are well mixed with other two parts and are obtained；Cellulase is
One or more in circumscribed β~dextranase, inscribe β~dextranase and β~glucuroide；
After fresh napier grass is cradled, napier grass leaf and napier grass stalk are separated；It is 12~15% to dry to moisture content；Will be as
Careless stalk smashes powdering；Then cellulose hydrolyzation 8h is used；Rub broken after napier grass leaf is chopped up, after high-temperature sterilization, with quality point
Number is 4 for 1% spirit of vinegar regulation PH；
Bamboo willow bits, napier grass stalk, napier grass leaf powder and sugarcane bagasse are mixed into primary raw materials according to number, mineral water is added
It is well mixed；It is then placed in fermentation in heaps 6~8 days in fermentation vat；At least renovate once daily；
Dextrose and saccharose is weighed according to number, 2~3 times 40~50 DEG C of mineral water stirring and dissolving is added；Treat that temperature drops
When to 25~28 DEG C, calcium superphosphate, ammonium molybdate, yeast selenium, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate is added to stir according to number
Mix and be uniformly made nutrient solution；
By the good primary raw materials of primary fermentation according to number add oyster shell whiting, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, pulverized limestone, gypsum, analysis for soybean powder,
Medical stone, diatomite and above-mentioned nutrient solution are sufficiently mixed uniformly；The pyrolkigneous liquid that mass fraction is 0.1%~0.3% is added, is kept
Moisture is between 50~55%；After well mixed, sealing and fermenting 10~15 days makes its abundant water swelling and softening, i.e.,
Obtain cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix；
(2) making of edible black fungus bag：During the cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix that step (1) is obtained entered into bacterium bag；Cultivation matrix is accounted for
The 70%~80% of the bacterium bag inner space；Stomata is pierced in the side of bacterium bag and bottom surface, then the insert band at air-vent
There is the breather pipe of filter medium；
(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing：The bacterium bag of the loading matrix that step (2) is obtained is 120~125 DEG C, height in temperature
2~3h of pressure steam sterilizing；After end subject to sterilization, normal temperature is returned to, take out bacterium bag；
(4) it is inoculated with：Under 23~26 DEG C of gnotobasis, black fungus strain is inoculated into bacterium bag, and on bacterium bag surface
One layer of gauze soaked with limewash of covering, inoculation in room temperature, shading, dry culturing room after sending out bacterium；
(5) daily management：At 15 DEG C~24 DEG C, air humidity is maintained at 50%~60% to culturing room's temperature control, every 3
Carry out within~5 days a miscellaneous bacteria and check and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, timely supplement inoculation and superseded miscellaneous bacteria；When rice occurs in bacterium bag surface
During granular ear base, perforate is continued in bacterium bag surrounding, bacterium bag is moved into agaric growing field and carries out ear management, produce agaric temperature by culture after 5~6 days
Degree control widens day and night temperature control at 9 DEG C~12 DEG C at 15 DEG C~25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~
95%；In good time ventilation.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in essence of the invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cultural method of black fungus, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
(1) making of cultivation matrix：Raw material is constituted by the parts by weight of following raw material：Bamboo willow considers 72~82 parts, napier grass stalk to be worth doing
10~20 parts, 8~16 parts of napier grass leaf powder, 10~18 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 1~5 part of pulverized limestone, 1~3 part of gypsum, analysis for soybean powder 5~10
Part, 1~3 part of oyster shell whiting, 6~8 parts of medical stone, 4~6 parts of diatomite, 2~5 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 6~15 parts of glucose, sucrose 10
~20 parts, 1~3 part of calcium superphosphate, 0.2~0.6 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.002~0.008 part of yeast selenium, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia 0.1~0.6
Part, 0.1~0.8 part of copper sulphate, 0.5~0.8 part of ferrous sulfate；
High-temperature sterilization is carried out after bamboo willow bits are crushed into powdering, 1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood crumb spirit of vinegar is taken and is well mixed,
Regulation PH is 4~6；1/3 size-reduced bamboo driftwood is considered to be worth doing under the conditions of 32~38 DEG C, adds cellulase to react 8~10h；Finally
Remaining undressed 1/3 bamboo driftwood bits are well mixed with other two parts and are obtained；
After fresh napier grass is cradled, napier grass leaf and napier grass stalk are separated；It is 12~15% to dry to moisture content；By napier grass straw
Stalk smashes powdering；Then 6~8h of cellulose hydrolyzation is used；Rub broken after napier grass leaf is chopped up, after high-temperature sterilization, adjusted with spirit of vinegar
Section PH is 4~6；
Bamboo willow bits, napier grass stalk, napier grass leaf powder and sugarcane bagasse are mixed into primary raw materials according to number, mineral water mixing is added
Uniformly；It is then placed in fermentation in heaps 6~8 days in fermentation vat；At least renovate once daily；
Dextrose and saccharose is weighed according to number, 2~3 times 40~50 DEG C of mineral water stirring and dissolving is added；Treat that temperature is down to 25
When~28 DEG C, add calcium superphosphate, ammonium molybdate, yeast selenium, phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate stirring equal according to number
It is even to be made nutrient solution；
The good primary raw materials of primary fermentation is added into oyster shell whiting, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, pulverized limestone, gypsum, analysis for soybean powder, wheat meal according to number
Stone, diatomite and above-mentioned nutrient solution are sufficiently mixed uniformly；Pyrolkigneous liquid is added, holding moisture is between 50~55%；Mixing
After uniform, sealing and fermenting 10~15 days makes its abundant water swelling and softening, that is, obtain cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix；
(2) making of edible black fungus bag：During the cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix that step (1) is obtained entered into bacterium bag；Cultivation matrix accounts for described
The 70%~80% of bacterium bag inner space；Stomata is pierced in the side of bacterium bag and bottom surface, is then inserted at air-vent and carried
The breather pipe of filter medium；
(3) edible black fungus bag sterilizing：The bacterium bag of the loading matrix that step (2) is obtained is 120~125 DEG C, high pressure steaming in temperature
2~3h of vapour sterilizing；After end subject to sterilization, normal temperature is returned to, take out bacterium bag；
(4) it is inoculated with：Under 23~26 DEG C of gnotobasis, black fungus strain is inoculated into bacterium bag, and in the covering of bacterium bag surface
One layer of gauze soaked with limewash, inoculation in room temperature, shading, dry culturing room after sending out bacterium；
(5) daily management：At 15 DEG C~24 DEG C, air humidity is maintained at 50%~60% to culturing room's temperature control, every 3~5
It carries out a miscellaneous bacteria and checks and send out the inspection of bacterium situation, timely supplement inoculation and superseded miscellaneous bacteria；When the grain of rice occurs in bacterium bag surface
During shape ear base, perforate is continued in bacterium bag surrounding, bacterium bag is moved into agaric growing field and carries out ear management, produce agaric temperature by culture after 5~6 days
Control widens day and night temperature control at 9 DEG C~12 DEG C at 15 DEG C~25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 80%~95%；
In good time ventilation.
2. the cultural method of black fungus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The raw material presses the weight portion of following raw material
Array into：76 parts of bamboo willow bits, 15 parts of napier grass stalk, 15 parts of napier grass leaf powder, 16 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 2 parts of pulverized limestone, 2 parts of gypsum, Huang
8 parts of bean powder, 2 parts of oyster shell whiting, 7 parts of medical stone, 5 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of glucose, 15 parts of sucrose, peroxophosphoric acid
2 parts of calcium, 0.4 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.006 part of yeast selenium, 0.3 part of phosphoric acid hydrogen ammonia, 0.5 part of copper sulphate, 0.7 part of ferrous sulfate.
3. the cultural method of black fungus according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：The gypsum is under mining
Come, be directly crushed to 60~80 mesh and obtain.
4. the cultural method of black fungus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The cellulase is poly- for circumscribed β~Portugal
One or more in carbohydrase, inscribe β~dextranase and β~glucuroide.
5. the preparation method of the cultural method of black fungus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that；In the step (1), institute
The mass fraction for stating spirit of vinegar is 0.5%~1%.
6. the preparation method of the cultural method of black fungus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (1), institute
The mass fraction for stating pyrolkigneous liquid is 0.1%~0.3%.
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| CN107371790A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-11-24 | 徐州两汉农业发展有限公司 | A kind of artificial method for planting of black fungus |
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| CN108770598A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-09 | 胡俊凯 | A kind of high yield cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108934751A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-07 | 靖西市秀美边城农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method improving black fungus content of mineral substances |
| CN111657099A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-15 | 黑龙江省润成新能源科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing black fungus cultivation material by utilizing fast-growing bamboo willow and application |
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| CN107371790A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-11-24 | 徐州两汉农业发展有限公司 | A kind of artificial method for planting of black fungus |
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| CN108934751A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-07 | 靖西市秀美边城农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method improving black fungus content of mineral substances |
| CN108770598A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-09 | 胡俊凯 | A kind of high yield cultivation of auricularia auricula matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN111657099A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-15 | 黑龙江省润成新能源科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing black fungus cultivation material by utilizing fast-growing bamboo willow and application |
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