CN108432544A - A kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108432544A CN108432544A CN201810095890.7A CN201810095890A CN108432544A CN 108432544 A CN108432544 A CN 108432544A CN 201810095890 A CN201810095890 A CN 201810095890A CN 108432544 A CN108432544 A CN 108432544A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- ramulus mori
- extract
- culture medium
- ear
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/10—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae [Carrot family], e.g. parsley, caraway, dill, lovage, fennel or snakebed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/28—Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to planting edible mushroom technical fields,More particularly to a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear,The cloud ear of the present invention is cultivated based on ramulus mori as compost,Ramulus mori in the compost a large amount of vitamin after fermentation process,Protein,Hemicellulose substance is released,It can quickly be absorbed by cloud ear well,Shorten the incubation time of cloud ear,Improve cloud ear quality,Simultaneously,In cloud ear incubation,Since compost has used fermentation ramulus mori,Ferment fragrance after ramulus mori fermentation, which can attract, carrys out worm ant,In order to effectively kill worm ant,Inventor liquid medicine I and middle liquid medicine II in carries out expelling parasite,Harmful bacteria can effectively be killed,Ensure cloud ear bacteria stick not by worm ant,Germ corrodes,Invention also passes through colored light stimulation fruiting,It can make the quick fruiting of cloud ear,Nutrition fast enriching,Achieve the purpose that improve quality.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to planting edible mushroom technical field, more particularly to a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear.
【Background technology】
Cloud ear also known as black fungus, brightness program etc. are the unique famous-particular-excellent edible fungus varieties in Guangxi native country.Because meat is tender and crisp refreshing
Mouthful, it is full of nutrition, and it is known as " meat or fish in element ".In addition, cloud ear also has high medical value, the polysaccharide contained in vivo
Substance has the function of the diseases such as anticancer and treatment hypertension, fundus hemorrhage.Therefore, the Rare edible fungus as food medicine dual-purpose
Kind, it is deep to be favored by market, using the byproduct and leftover bits and pieces of workers and peasants' forestry as culturing raw material in production.In recent years with
The fast development of mushroom industry, is becoming tight culture medium raw material day, the pattern cultivated originally as major ingredient using weed tree sawdust is seriously made
The about development of the unfamiliar to the ear production of cloud.Therefore, it is imperative to research and develop alternative compost for adaptation to local conditions.At " eastern Sang Xiyi "
Hechi City has planted a large amount of mulberry tree under the influence of state basic policy, contains a large amount of lignin and albumen in ramulus mori, is production cloud ear
Very good material, but the albumen in ramulus mori cannot effectively be eaten bacterium utilization, moreover, in the process for preparing compost using ramulus mori
In, due to its fragrant taste, it is easy to attract worm ant to bite, compost is caused to be etched, to influence the product of cloud ear
Matter..
【Invention content】
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear, cloud ear yield can be effectively improved, improved
The disease resistance of cloud ear quality and compost.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear, described method includes following steps：
(1) compost is prepared：Compost is dried into rear co-grinding, is screened by -150 mesh screen of 100 mesh, water is then added
It is 10%-15% to make the water content of compost, and compost, which is built up material heap, carries out pile fermentation, and a length of 4m-5m of heap, heap is wide
It is highly 80cm-100cm for 1m-1.5m, the gradient is 30 ° -45 °, 2-4 venthole is beaten in windrow, venthole height is
20cm-30cm, a diameter of 5cm-7cm, it is 10%-15% to keep the relative humidity of material heap, when the central temperature of material heap reaches 40
DEG C when, to material heap carry out turning, fermentation total duration be 48h-72h, after fermentation adjust material heap pH value be 7.0-8.0；Hair
It is 50%-60% to adjust the water content of material heap with distilled water after the completion of ferment；
(2) it sterilizes：The compost that step (1) is prepared carries out normal-pressure sterilization, and sterilising temp is 100 DEG C -120 DEG C, is gone out
The bacterium time is 12h-14h；
(3) it is inoculated with：The bacterium material that step (1) has sterilized, which is put into desinfection chamber, carries out natural cooling, when culture medium temperature cools down
Inoculation is proceeded by when to 22 DEG C -28 DEG C, and the cylindricality polypropylene material bag of only one end open, the diameter of material bag are got out before inoculation
For 12cm-15cm, material bag total length is 34cm-37cm；It is put into the culture medium that a layer thickness is 2cm-4cm into material bag and is compacted shape
At culture medium layer, then places into the strain that a layer thickness is 5mm and be compacted to form strain layer, form " culture medium layer-strain layer-
The arrangement of culture medium layer " separately；The strain layer of the material bag is 3-5 layers, one layers more than strain layer of culture medium layer, the two of material bag
End is culture medium layer, and tightening material bag after connecting kind is open to form inoculation material bag；
(4) management of producing mushroom：The inoculation material bag of step (3) is put into the darkroom that temperature is 15 DEG C -25 DEG C and is cultivated, is trained
Liquid medicine I, relative humidity 60%-70% in being sprayed into air when supporting, after cultivating 10d-15d, every 4h air blowers to dark
Room carries out air blast, keeps oxygen concentration in 20%-30%；After mycelia covers with bacterium bag, 5d-7d is cultivated in continuation in darkroom；So
The openning that length is 3cm-5cm is scratched in polybag surrounding with knife afterwards, altogether the roads Kai Hua 5-7；Bacterium bag after scratching is moved into ear
It is stacked in canopy, stacking number is 3-5 layer, and heap is folded and carries out 1 photo-irradiation treatment, holding to bacterium bag every 2h-3h after bacterium bag
The temperature of ear canopy is 18 DEG C -25 DEG C, and sprays distilled water into ear canopy, and it is 40%-50% to keep the relative humidity of air；Wait for bacterium
After growing the microtia of sarcoma shape in the crack of bag, polybag is moved on produce agaric bed bedstead, carries out ear management, ear management
When, agaric growing field temperature be 15 DEG C -23 DEG C, liquid medicine II in irregularly being sprayed into air keeps the relative humidity of air to be
85%-95% opens door and window and is scattered light photo-irradiation treatment, and the intensity of illumination for scattering light is 600Lx-1000Lx；
(5) harvesting with adopt after manage：Wait for that the auricle of the cloud ear of step (4) unfolds softening, fleshy hypertrophy, the basal part of the ear, which is shunk, to be become
Carefully, only a few it is hard of hearing starts generate white powder basidiospore when start harvest the first damp mushroom, picking after the completion of daily sooner or later to
Liquid fertilizer is sprayed on compost surface, and air humidity is made to reach 80%-90%；Then according still further to the management of producing mushroom method of step (4) into
Row management, until having harvested 2-4 damp mushrooms.
Further, the compost of the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight：40 parts -50 parts of fermentation mulberry
Branch, 20 parts -30 parts of cornstalk, 25 parts -35 parts of rice straw, 10 parts -15 parts of land plaster, 20 parts -30 parts of oil tea slag, 8 parts -
18 parts of bean powder, 7 parts -18 parts of passion fruit skin and 15 parts -28 parts of bagasse.
Further, the fermentation process of the fermentation ramulus mori is：It is sieved by the sieve of -150 mesh of 100 mesh after ramulus mori is crushed
Choosing, NaCl the and 4mg/g-6mg/g enzyme activities of addition 5mg/g-10mg/g are 500U/g-800U/g's in then being crushed to ramulus mori
Cellulase after stirring evenly, accesses the ramulus mori fermenting microbe tamed according to the inoculum concentration of 7mg/g-9mg/g, is in temperature
25 DEG C -27 DEG C, relative humidity is sealed fermenting 20d under conditions of 20%-30%.
Further, the ramulus mori fermenting microbe comprises the following components in parts by weight：12 parts -23 parts of viable count is
3.4×108The bacillus subtilis of CFU/g, 17 parts of -32 parts of viable counts are 2.4 × 108The aspergillus oryzae 3.1 of CFU/g ×
108CFU/g, 9 parts of -19 parts of viable counts are 5.7 × 108The red mould of CFU/g and 13 parts of -27 parts of viable counts are 6.3 × 108CFU/g
Lactic acid bacteria；The acclimation method of the ramulus mori fermenting microbe is：Bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae, red mould are respectively placed in
It is cultivated in domestication culture medium, when taming content of cellulose drop by half in culture medium, when terminating first phase culture, and will cultivate
Between be denoted as T1；Choose bacterium colony and repeat first phase incubation, taming content of cellulose in culture medium when bacillus declines one
Terminate the first phase culture when half, and incubation time is denoted as T2；So repeat the n phases to cultivate, works as Tn=1/2T1When, it completes withered
The domestication process of careless bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and red mould；Lactic acid bacteria is placed in domestication culture medium and is cultivated, when domestication is cultivated
Lactic acid content is to terminate the first phase culture when content reaches 30mg/mL, and incubation time is denoted as T in base1；First phase culture knot
Second phase culture is carried out after beam, is picked out the bacterial strain after first phase culture and is placed in the culture of same recipe and cultivates, and
First phase incubation is repeated, when terminating second phase culture when the content of lactic acid in culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and will cultivate
Between be denoted as T2；So repeat the n phases to cultivate, works as Tn=1/2T1When, complete domestication process；
The domestication culture medium by as follows at being grouped as：Mass concentration be the cellulose of 40mg/mL, 20mg/mL half
Yeast extract that sucrose that cellulose, mass concentration are 5mg/mL, mass concentration are 30mg/mL, mass concentration are 13mg/mL's
Barbaloin that agar that dragon fruit polysaccharide, mass concentration are 10mg/mL, mass concentration are 10mg/mL, remaining be white mulberry vein-juice.
Further, the middle liquid medicine I of the step (4) is comprised the following components in parts by weight：13 parts -19 parts of eucalyptus leaves
Extract, 12 parts -18 parts of anise extract, 8 parts -17 parts of capsicum seed extract, 11 parts -23 parts of Lotus Leafextract, 12
Parts -25 parts of birthwort extract and 9 parts -19 parts climb rock perfume (or spice) extract.
Further, the middle liquid medicine II of the step (4) is comprised the following components in parts by weight：17 parts -24 parts of longan
Shell extract, 18 parts -27 parts of Semen Litchi extract, 19 parts -28 parts of chrysanthemum extract, 27 parts -39 parts of aloe extract,
23 parts -37 parts of passion fruit bark extract.
Further, the processing mode of step (4) photo-irradiation treatment is the colored photo-irradiation treatment of cycle, carries out 4-6 altogether
The endless form of circular treatment, the circular treatment is：" White-Light processing 20min, intensity of illumination 800Lx-1200Lx "~" blue
Light processing 10min, intensity of illumination 600Lx-800Lx "~" feux rouges processing 15min, intensity of illumination 800Lx-1000Lx "~
" orange light handles 15min, intensity of illumination 500Lx-800Lx "~dark treatment 5min.
Further, the liquid fertilizer of the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight：36 parts -49 parts of animals urine
Filtered fluid, 19 parts -31 parts of oil tea slag leaching liquor, 16 parts -29 parts of passion fruit skin zymotic fluid, 9 parts -16 parts of bone meal leaching liquor
With 13 parts -27 parts of sodium alginate.
The present invention has the advantages that：
1, cloud ear of the invention is cultivated based on ramulus mori as compost, the ramulus mori in compost through everfermentation at
A large amount of vitamin, protein, hemicellulose substance are released after reason, can quickly be absorbed, be shortened by cloud ear well
The incubation time of cloud ear improves cloud ear quality, meanwhile, ramulus mori is the Special plant of local domain, and convenient material drawing is quick, can be because of ground system
Suitable research and develop；In ramulus mori fermentation process, fermenting microbe is tamed according to the nutrient characteristic of ramulus mori, energy
It quickly ferments to ramulus mori, accelerates nutriment release, be more suitable for the unfamiliar to the ear length of cloud.
2, the present invention is in cloud ear incubation, since compost has used fermentation ramulus mori, the ferment fragrance after ramulus mori fermentation
It can attract and carry out worm ant, in order to effectively kill worm ant, inventor liquid medicine I and middle liquid medicine II in carries out expelling parasite, middle liquid medicine
It is configured by Chinese medical extract, abundant terpene, flavonoids, tannin, phloroglucinol derivatives, glycoside, water is contained in extract
Glucoside, capsaicine, capsaicine, Nuciferine, 1- menthones isoreactivity ingredients are raised, worm ant can be effectively driven away, kills harmful bacteria, is ensured
Cloud ear bacteria stick is not corroded by worm ant, germ.
3, the present invention can make the quick fruiting of cloud ear, nutrition fast enriching reach raising also by colored light stimulation fruiting
The purpose of quality.
【Specific implementation mode】
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, abstract), unless specifically stated, each
Feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1：
The cultural method of the present embodiment cloud ear includes the following steps：
(1) compost is prepared：Compost is dried into rear co-grinding, is screened by 100 mesh screens, then plus water makes culture
The water content of material is 10%, and compost, which is built up material heap, carries out pile fermentation, a length of 4m of heap, and heap width is 1m, is highly
80cm, the gradient are 30 °, and 2 ventholes are made a call in windrow, and venthole height is 20cm, and a diameter of 5cm keeps the opposite of material heap
Humidity is 10%, when the central temperature of material heap reaches 40 DEG C, carries out turning to material heap, fermentation total duration is 48h, and fermentation is completed
The pH value for adjusting material heap afterwards is 7.0；The water content for adjusting material heap with distilled water after fermentation is 50%；
(2) it sterilizes：The compost that step (1) is prepared carries out normal-pressure sterilization, and sterilising temp is 100 DEG C, sterilization time
For 12h；
(3) it is inoculated with：The bacterium material that step (1) has sterilized, which is put into desinfection chamber, carries out natural cooling, when culture medium temperature cools down
Proceed by inoculation when to 22 DEG C, get out the cylindricality polypropylene material bag of only one end open before inoculation, material bag it is a diameter of
12cm, material bag total length are 34cm；It is put into the culture medium that a layer thickness is 2cm into material bag to be compacted to form culture medium layer, then
It places into the strain that a layer thickness is 5mm to be compacted to form strain layer, forms " culture medium layer-strain layer-culture medium layer " separately
Arrangement；The strain layer of the material bag is 3 layers, one layers more than strain layer of culture medium layer, and the both ends of material bag are culture medium layer, are connected
Material bag is tightened after kind to be open to form inoculation material bag；
(4) management of producing mushroom：It is to be cultivated in 15 DEG C of darkroom that the inoculation material bag of step (3), which is put into temperature, when culture
Liquid medicine I in being sprayed into air, relative humidity 60% carry out air blast with air blower every 4h after cultivating 10d to darkroom, protect
Oxygen concentration is held 20%；After mycelia covers with bacterium bag, 5d is cultivated in continuation in darkroom；Then it is scratched in polybag surrounding with knife
Length is the openning of 3cm, opens draw 5 altogether；Bacterium bag after scratching is moved in ear canopy and is stacked, stacking number is 3 layers, heap
It folds after bacterium bag and 1 photo-irradiation treatment to be carried out to bacterium bag every 2h (wherein, the processing mode of photo-irradiation treatment is cycle colourama according at
Reason, carries out 4 circular treatments altogether, and the endless form of the circular treatment is：" White-Light processing 20min, intensity of illumination 800Lx "
~" blue light handles 10min, intensity of illumination 600Lx "~" feux rouges processing 15min, intensity of illumination 800Lx "~" orange light processing
15min, intensity of illumination 500Lx "~dark treatment 5min)；It is 18 DEG C to keep the temperature of ear canopy, and distillation is sprayed into ear canopy
Water, it is 40% to keep the relative humidity of air；After growing the microtia of sarcoma shape in the crack of bacterium bag, polybag is moved into produce agaric
On bed bedstead, carry out ear management, when ear management, agaric growing field temperature be 15 DEG C, liquid medicine in irregularly being sprayed into air
II, it is 85% to keep the relative humidity of air, opens door and window and is scattered light photo-irradiation treatment, the intensity of illumination for scattering light is
600Lx；
(5) harvesting with adopt after manage：Wait for that the auricle of the cloud ear of step (4) unfolds softening, fleshy hypertrophy, the basal part of the ear, which is shunk, to be become
Carefully, only a few it is hard of hearing starts generate white powder basidiospore when start harvest the first damp mushroom, picking after the completion of daily sooner or later to
Liquid fertilizer is sprayed on compost surface, and air humidity is made to reach 80%；Then pipe is carried out according still further to the management of producing mushroom method of step (4)
Reason, until having harvested 2 damp mushrooms.
Compost in step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight：40 parts of fermentation ramulus mori, 20 parts of cornstalk,
25 parts of rice straw, 10 parts of land plaster, 20 parts of oil tea slag, 8 parts of bean powder, 7 parts of passion fruit skin and 15 parts of bagasse.
The fermentation process of above-mentioned fermentation ramulus mori is：It is screened by the sieve of 100 mesh after ramulus mori is crushed, then to ramulus mori powder
The cellulase that the NaCl and 4mg/g enzyme activities of broken middle addition 5mg/g are 500U/g, after stirring evenly, according to the inoculation of 7mg/g
The ramulus mori fermenting microbe that amount access has been tamed is 25 DEG C in temperature, and relative humidity is sealed fermenting 20d under conditions of 20%.Its
In, the ramulus mori fermenting microbe comprises the following components in parts by weight：12 parts of viable count is 3.4 × 108The withered grass bud of CFU/g
Spore bacillus, 17 parts of viable counts are 2.4 × 108The aspergillus oryzae 3.1 × 10 of CFU/g8CFU/g, 9 parts of viable counts are 5.7 ×
108The red mould of CFU/g and 13 parts-viable count are 6.3 × 108The lactic acid bacteria of CFU/g；
The acclimation method of above-mentioned ramulus mori fermenting microbe is：Bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae, red mould are respectively placed in tame and docile
Change and cultivated in culture medium, when tame content of cellulose drop by half in culture medium, terminates the first phase and cultivate, and by incubation time
It is denoted as T1；Choose bacterium colony and repeat first phase incubation, when bacillus tames content of cellulose drop by half in culture medium
When terminate first phase culture, and incubation time is denoted as T2；So repeat the n phases to cultivate, works as Tn=1/2T1When, complete withered grass
The domestication process of bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and red mould；Lactic acid bacteria is placed in domestication culture medium and is cultivated, when domestication culture medium
Middle lactic acid content is to terminate the first phase culture when content reaches 30mg/mL, and incubation time is denoted as T1；First phase culture terminates
Second phase culture is carried out afterwards, is picked out the bacterial strain after first phase culture and is placed in the culture of same recipe and cultivates, lays equal stress on
Multiple first phase incubation, terminates second phase culture when the content of lactic acid in culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and by incubation time
It is denoted as T2；So repeat the n phases to cultivate, works as Tn=1/2T1When, complete domestication process；
Above-mentioned domestication culture medium by as follows at being grouped as：Mass concentration be the cellulose of 40mg/mL, 20mg/mL half
Yeast extract that sucrose that cellulose, mass concentration are 5mg/mL, mass concentration are 30mg/mL, mass concentration are 13mg/mL's
Barbaloin that agar that dragon fruit polysaccharide, mass concentration are 10mg/mL, mass concentration are 10mg/mL, remaining be white mulberry vein-juice.
The processing method of above-mentioned compost is：Each raw material is weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight, is crushed after evenly mixing, by 70 mesh
Sieve screens to obtain compost described in the present embodiment.
Middle liquid medicine I in step (4) is comprised the following components in parts by weight：13 parts of eucalyptus leaf extract, 12 parts of fennel
Fragrant extract, 8 parts of capsicum seed extract, 11 parts of Lotus Leafextract, 12 parts of birthwort extract and 9 parts of rock perfume (or spice) of climbing carry
Take object.
1. the extracting method of eucalyptus leaf extract is in liquid medicine I among the above：By moisture content be 3% eucalyptus leaves and press bark
It is 1 according to mass ratio:It crushes after 2 mixing and is screened by 100 mesh screens, is then divided into two parts powder, a copy of it is put into 3 times
Refluxing extraction 18h in mass parts, the butanol solution that butanol percentage by volume is 15%, it filters to take solvent and is evaporated under reduced pressure, is done
It is dry until moisture content is 4% to obtain eucalyptus extracts I；Another is put into 4 times of mass parts, petroleum ether percentage by volume is 15%
Refluxing extraction 22h in petroleum ether solution, it filters to take solvent and is evaporated under reduced pressure, is dried until moisture content is 4% to obtain eucalyptus and carry
Take object II.In this implementation eucalyptus extracts, ter penoids content is 54.33mg/g, flavones ingredient content be 123.45mg/g,
Tannin compositions content is 27.75mg/g, phloroglucinol derivatives component content is 105.54mg/g, glycoside component content is
97.87mg/g。
2. the extracting method of anise extract is in liquid medicine I among the above：The fennel that moisture content is 3% is crushed, crosses 50 mesh
Then sieve is fumigated powder and alcohol vapour, fumigation temperature is 145 DEG C, fumigation time 4h, collects condensed fluid and obtains
Anise extract；In extract, the content of fennel essential oil is 96.7%.
3. the extracting method of capsicum seed extract is in liquid medicine I among the above：By moisture content be 4% chilli seed with
The acetone soln of 100mg/g is 1 according to solid-liquid mass ratio:4 are mixed, and are soaked 4 times, each 1h in 60 DEG C of water-bath medium temperatures, mistake
Filter, acetone is recovered under reduced pressure in merging filtrate, until paste, the relative density of thick paste object is 1.97g/cm3Pepper extract is obtained,
The content of capsaicine is 185.32mg/g in extract, and the content of capsaicine is 94.65mg/g.
4. the extracting method of Lotus Leafextract is in liquid medicine I among the above：The dried waterlily leaf that moisture content is 4% is shredded, then
With percentage by volume be 75% (v/v) ethanol solution according to solid-liquid mass ratio it is 1:3 are mixed, and are soaked in 70 DEG C of water-bath medium temperatures
4 times, each 1h, the relative density of filtering, merging filtrate, vacuum distillation to paste, paste is 1.87g/cm3Obtain the lotus
Leaf extract, the content of Nuciferine is 154.36mg/g in extract.
5. the extracting method of birthwort extract is in liquid medicine I among the above：Fresh birthwort leaf is shredded, then with
The butanol solution of 300mg/g is 1 according to solid-liquid mass ratio:3 are mixed, and are soaked 3 times, each 1h in 90 DEG C of water-bath medium temperatures, mistake
Filter, merging filtrate, vacuum distillation are concentrated into paste, and the relative density of paste is 2.01g/cm3Obtain the birthwort extraction
Object, the content of aristolochic acid is 185.32mg/g in extract.
6. the extracting method for climbing rock perfume (or spice) extract in liquid medicine I among the above is：The fresh rock spiceleaf that climbs is shredded, then with
The methanol solution of 300mg/g is 1 according to solid-liquid mass ratio:4 are mixed, and are soaked 3 times, each 1h in 90 DEG C of water-bath medium temperatures, mistake
Filter, merging filtrate, vacuum distillation are concentrated into paste, and the relative density of paste is 1.83g/cm3The rock perfume (or spice) of climbing is obtained to extract
Object, ter penoids content is 201.21mg/g in extract, and phloroglucinol derivatives component content is 193.76mg/g.
The processing method of liquid medicine I is among the above：The extract that each ingredient is weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight, by anise extract in
Water is 1 according to mass ratio:2 mixing, be then placed in blender and mix 2min under the rotating speed of 2000r/min, then again with remaining
Mixture and water are after evenly mixing 1 according to mass ratio by each ingredient mixing:5 mix with water, obtain the middle liquid medicine I.
Middle liquid medicine II in step (4) is comprised the following components in parts by weight：17 parts of longan shell extract, 18 parts of litchi
Branch nuclear extract, 19 parts of chrysanthemum extract, 27 parts of aloe extract, 23 parts of passion fruit bark extract.
1. the extracting method of longan shell extract is in liquid medicine II among the above：After the longan pericarp that moisture content is 3% is crushed
It screens to obtain longan pericarp dry powder by 150 mesh screens, dry powder is put into extraction kettle, when pressure is 25MPa, with liquid CO2
Static extracting 15min, then gradually releases stress, and carries out supercritical CO2Dynamic extraction, dynamic extraction technological parameter are：Work as temperature
It when degree is heated to 50 DEG C, pressurizes to system, after pressure reaches 25MPa, adjusts CO2Flow is 10L/min, keeps constant temperature permanent
Pressure discharges after carrying out cycling extraction 2h, centrifuges 5min under conditions of 1000r/min, obtains longan shell extract, longan
Longan pericarp essential oil content in shell extract reaches 97.5%.
2. the extracting method of Semen Litchi extract is in liquid medicine II among the above：The semen litchi that moisture content is 3% is crushed, mistake
Then 50 mesh sieve is fumigated powder and alcohol vapour, fumigation temperature is 155 DEG C, fumigation time 5h, collects condensed fluid
Obtain Semen Litchi extract；In extract, the content of semen litchi essential oil is 95.2%.
3. the extracting method of chrysanthemum extract is in liquid medicine II among the above：By wild chrysanthemum and warm water according to solid-liquid mass ratio 3:
1 is mixed, and is soaked 3 times, each 30min in stirred in water bath temperature at a temperature of 90 °C, filtering, merging filtrate is evaporated under reduced pressure
Concentration obtains the Flos Chrysanthemi Indici extract until concentrate is the 1/4 of stoste, in extract chrysanthone content be 76.98mg/g,
Vanilla alcohol content is 85.98mg/g, yejuhua lactone content is 68.09mg/g, the red salidroside content of chrysanthemum is 58.06mg/g.
4. the extracting method of aloe extract is in liquid medicine II among the above：Fresh aloe belt leather is pulverized, then according to reed
Luxuriant growth is 1 with ethyl alcohol mass ratio:4 are added the ethanol solution that percentage by volume is 70% (v/v), the freezing conditions for being -3 DEG C in temperature
Lower standing for 24 hours, then carries out ultrasonic extraction in being put into supersonic extractors, and ultrasonic extraction power is 400w, Extracting temperature 60
DEG C, extraction time 20min is placed into carry out refluxing extraction in refluxing extraction device later, and Extracting temperature is 95 DEG C, extraction time
It for 2h, finally filters to take filtrate and carries out rotary evaporation concentration, drying, until moisture content obtains aloe extract for 3%.Extract
Middle aloe salidroside content is 128.54mg/g；Aloe polysaccharide content is 210.73mg/g.
5. the extracting method of passion fruit bark extract is in liquid medicine II among the above：Fresh passion fruit skin is shredded, then
According to solid-liquid mass ratio it is 1 with ethyl alcohol that percentage by volume is 90% (v/v)：1 is mixed, and is then placed in 90 DEG C of water-bath
Extraction, extraction time 50min are extracted 3 times, merging filtrate repeatedly, and vacuum distillation is concentrated into paste, paste it is opposite
Density is 1.75g/cm3The passion fruit bark extract is obtained, ter penoids content is 143.77mg/g, isophthalic three in extract
Phenols component content is 98.65mg/g, Vitamin C content 137.98.
The processing method of liquid medicine II is among the above：The extract of each ingredient is weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight, after evenly mixing will
Mixture is 1 according to mass ratio with water:5 mix with water, uniformly mix 10min in the blender that rotating speed is 3000r/min, obtain
To the middle liquid medicine II.
Liquid fertilizer in step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight：36 parts of animals urine filtered fluid, 19 parts of oil tea
Slag leaching liquor, 16 parts of passion fruit skin zymotic fluid, 9 parts of bone meal leaching liquor and 13 parts of sodium alginate.
1. the processing method of animals urine filtered fluid is in above-mentioned liquid fertilizer：The osmosis membrane filters that urine is passed through to 500 mesh, take
Filtrate obtains the animals urine filtered fluid.
2. the processing method of oil tea slag leaching liquor is in above-mentioned liquid fertilizer：According to solid-liquid mass ratio it is 4 by oil tea slag and water:1
Ratio mixed, be then heated to 50 DEG C, oil tea slag leaching liquor is obtained by filtration in extracting at constant temperature 2h.
3. the processing method of passion fruit skin zymotic fluid is in above-mentioned liquid fertilizer：It is according to solid-liquid mass ratio with water by passion fruit skin
1:1 ratio is mixed, and then adds bacillus subtilis according still further to the inoculum concentration of 5mg/g, wherein the viable count of lactic acid bacteria
It is 4.2 × 108, ferment 20d under conditions of temperature is 28 DEG C, and the passion fruit skin zymotic fluid is obtained by filtration.
4. the processing method of bone meal leaching liquor is in above-mentioned liquid fertilizer：Bone meal is crushed to 100 mesh, then with water according to solid-liquid
Mass ratio is 1:1 is mixed, and the HCl solution that the additive amount addition mass percent according still further to 1g/L is 2% is then heated to
600 DEG C, bone meal leaching liquor is obtained by filtration in extracting at constant temperature 2h.
The processing method of above-mentioned liquid fertilizer is：The extract of each ingredient is weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight, obtains institute after evenly mixing
State liquid fertilizer.
Embodiment 2：
The cultural method of the present embodiment cloud ear includes the following steps：
(1) compost is prepared：Compost is dried into rear co-grinding, is screened by 150 mesh screens, then plus water makes culture
The water content of material is 15%, and compost, which is built up material heap, carries out pile fermentation, a length of 5m of heap, and heap width is 1.5m, is highly
100cm, the gradient are 45 °, and 4 ventholes are made a call in windrow, and venthole height is 30cm, and a diameter of 7cm keeps the opposite of material heap
Humidity is 15%, when the central temperature of material heap reaches 40 DEG C, carries out turning to material heap, fermentation total duration is 72h, and fermentation is completed
The pH value for adjusting material heap afterwards is 8.0；The water content for adjusting material heap with distilled water after fermentation is 60%；
(2) it sterilizes：The compost that step (1) is prepared carries out normal-pressure sterilization, and sterilising temp is 120 DEG C, sterilization time
For 14h；
(3) it is inoculated with：The bacterium material that step (1) has sterilized, which is put into desinfection chamber, carries out natural cooling, when culture medium temperature cools down
Proceed by inoculation when to 28 DEG C, get out the cylindricality polypropylene material bag of only one end open before inoculation, material bag it is a diameter of
15cm, material bag total length are 37cm；It is put into the culture medium that a layer thickness is 4cm into material bag to be compacted to form culture medium layer, then
It places into the strain that a layer thickness is 5mm to be compacted to form strain layer, forms " culture medium layer-strain layer-culture medium layer " separately
Arrangement；The strain layer of the material bag is 5 layers, one layers more than strain layer of culture medium layer, and the both ends of material bag are culture medium layer, are connected
Material bag is tightened after kind to be open to form inoculation material bag；
(4) management of producing mushroom：It is to be cultivated in 25 DEG C of darkroom that the inoculation material bag of step (3), which is put into temperature, when culture
Liquid medicine I in being sprayed into air, relative humidity 70% carry out air blast with air blower every 4h after cultivating 15d to darkroom, protect
Oxygen concentration is held 30%；After mycelia covers with bacterium bag, 7d is cultivated in continuation in darkroom；Then it is scratched in polybag surrounding with knife
Length is the openning of 5cm, altogether the roads Kai Hua 5-7；Bacterium bag after scratching is moved in ear canopy and is stacked, stacking number is 5 layers,
Heap, which is folded after bacterium bag, to carry out 1 photo-irradiation treatment to bacterium bag every 3h (wherein, the processing mode of photo-irradiation treatment is that cycle colourama shines
Processing, carries out 6 circular treatments altogether, and the endless form of the circular treatment is：" White-Light processing 20min, intensity of illumination are
1200Lx "~" blue light processing 10min, intensity of illumination 800Lx "~" feux rouges processing 15min, intensity of illumination 1000Lx "~
" orange light handles 15min, intensity of illumination 800Lx "~dark treatment 5min)；It is 25 DEG C to keep the temperature of ear canopy, and into ear canopy
Distilled water is sprayed, it is 50% to keep the relative humidity of air；After growing the microtia of sarcoma shape in the crack of bacterium bag, by polybag
Move on produce agaric bed bedstead, carry out ear management, when ear management, agaric growing field temperature be 23 DEG C, irregularly sprayed into air
Middle liquid medicine II is spilt, it is 95% to keep the relative humidity of air, opens door and window and is scattered light photo-irradiation treatment, the illumination for scattering light is strong
Degree is 1000Lx；
(5) harvesting with adopt after manage：Wait for that the auricle of the cloud ear of step (4) unfolds softening, fleshy hypertrophy, the basal part of the ear, which is shunk, to be become
Carefully, only a few it is hard of hearing starts generate white powder basidiospore when start harvest the first damp mushroom, picking after the completion of daily sooner or later to
Liquid fertilizer is sprayed on compost surface, and air humidity is made to reach 90%；Then pipe is carried out according still further to the management of producing mushroom method of step (4)
Reason, until having harvested 4 damp mushrooms.
Compost in step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight：50 parts of fermentation ramulus mori, 30 parts of cornstalk,
35 parts of rice straw, 15 parts of land plaster, 30 parts of oil tea slag, 18 parts of bean powder, 18 parts of passion fruit skin and 28 parts of bagasse.
The fermentation process of above-mentioned fermentation ramulus mori is：It is screened by the sieve of 150 mesh after ramulus mori is crushed, then to ramulus mori powder
The cellulase that the NaCl and 6mg/g enzyme activities of broken middle addition 10mg/g are 800U/g, after stirring evenly, according to connecing for 9mg/g
The ramulus mori fermenting microbe that kind amount access has been tamed is 27 DEG C in temperature, and relative humidity is sealed fermenting 20d under conditions of 30%.
Wherein, the ramulus mori fermenting microbe comprises the following components in parts by weight：23 parts of viable count is 3.4 × 108The withered grass of CFU/g
Bacillus, 32 parts of viable counts are 2.4 × 108The aspergillus oryzae 3.1 × 10 of CFU/g8CFU/g, 19 parts of viable counts are 5.7 ×
108The red mould of CFU/g and 27 parts of viable counts are 6.3 × 108The lactic acid bacteria of CFU/g；
The acclimation method of above-mentioned ramulus mori fermenting microbe is：Bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae, red mould are respectively placed in tame and docile
Change and cultivated in culture medium, when tame content of cellulose drop by half in culture medium, terminates the first phase and cultivate, and by incubation time
It is denoted as T1；Choose bacterium colony and repeat first phase incubation, when bacillus tames content of cellulose drop by half in culture medium
When terminate first phase culture, and incubation time is denoted as T2；So repeat the n phases to cultivate, works as Tn=1/2T1When, complete withered grass
The domestication process of bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and red mould；Lactic acid bacteria is placed in domestication culture medium and is cultivated, when domestication culture medium
Middle lactic acid content is to terminate the first phase culture when content reaches 30mg/mL, and incubation time is denoted as T1；First phase culture terminates
Second phase culture is carried out afterwards, is picked out the bacterial strain after first phase culture and is placed in the culture of same recipe and cultivates, lays equal stress on
Multiple first phase incubation, terminates second phase culture when the content of lactic acid in culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and by incubation time
It is denoted as T2；So repeat the n phases to cultivate, works as Tn=1/2T1When, complete domestication process；
Above-mentioned domestication culture medium by as follows at being grouped as：Mass concentration be the cellulose of 40mg/mL, 20mg/mL half
Yeast extract that sucrose that cellulose, mass concentration are 5mg/mL, mass concentration are 30mg/mL, mass concentration are 13mg/mL's
Barbaloin that agar that dragon fruit polysaccharide, mass concentration are 10mg/mL, mass concentration are 10mg/mL, remaining be white mulberry vein-juice.
The processing method of above-mentioned compost is：Each raw material is weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight, is crushed after evenly mixing, by 70 mesh
Sieve screens to obtain compost described in the present embodiment.
Middle liquid medicine I in step (4) is comprised the following components in parts by weight：19 parts of eucalyptus leaf extract, 18 parts of fennel
Fragrant extract, 17 parts of capsicum seed extract, 23 parts of Lotus Leafextract, 25 parts of birthwort extract and 19 parts climb rock perfume
Extract.
In the present embodiment, middle liquid medicine I eucalyptus leaf extract, anise extract, capsicum seed extract, Lotus Leafextract, horse
Pocket bell extract, the extracting method for climbing rock perfume (or spice) extract and embodiment 1 are completely the same.
In the present embodiment, the processing method and embodiment 1 of middle liquid medicine I is completely the same.
Middle liquid medicine II in step (4) is comprised the following components in parts by weight：24 parts of longan shell extract, 27 parts of litchi
Branch nuclear extract, 28 parts of chrysanthemum extract, 39 parts of aloe extract, 37 parts of passion fruit bark extract.
In the present embodiment, middle liquid medicine II longans shell extract, Semen Litchi extract, chrysanthemum extract, aloe extract, hundred
The extracting method of fragrant pericarp extract and embodiment 1 are completely the same..
In the present embodiment, the processing method and embodiment 1 of middle liquid medicine II is completely the same.
Liquid fertilizer in step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight：49 parts of animals urine filtered fluid, 31 parts of oil tea
Slag leaching liquor, 29 parts of passion fruit skin zymotic fluid, 16 parts of bone meal leaching liquor and 27 parts of sodium alginate.
In the present embodiment, liquid fertilizer animals urine, oil tea slag leaching liquor, passion fruit skin zymotic fluid, middle bone meal leaching liquor plus
Work method and embodiment 1 are completely the same.
In the present embodiment, the processing method and embodiment 1 of liquid fertilizer are completely the same.
Embodiment 3：
The cultural method of the present embodiment cloud ear includes the following steps：
(1) compost is prepared：Compost is dried into rear co-grinding, is screened by 120 mesh screens, then plus water makes culture
The water content of material is 12%, and compost, which is built up material heap, carries out pile fermentation, a length of 4.5m of heap, and heap width is 1.2m, height
For 90cm, the gradient is 40 °, and 3 ventholes are made a call in windrow, and venthole height is 25cm, and a diameter of 6cm keeps the phase of material heap
It is 12% to humidity, when the central temperature of material heap reaches 40 DEG C, turning is carried out to material heap, fermentation total duration is 65h, has been fermented
It is 7.5 at the rear pH value for adjusting material heap；The water content for adjusting material heap with distilled water after fermentation is 55%；
(2) it sterilizes：The compost that step (1) is prepared carries out normal-pressure sterilization, and sterilising temp is 110 DEG C, sterilization time
For 13h；
(3) it is inoculated with：The bacterium material that step (1) has sterilized, which is put into desinfection chamber, carries out natural cooling, when culture medium temperature cools down
Proceed by inoculation when to 24 DEG C, get out the cylindricality polypropylene material bag of only one end open before inoculation, material bag it is a diameter of
13cm, material bag total length are 36cm；It is put into the culture medium that a layer thickness is 3cm into material bag to be compacted to form culture medium layer, then
It places into the strain that a layer thickness is 5mm to be compacted to form strain layer, forms " culture medium layer-strain layer-culture medium layer " separately
Arrangement；The strain layer of the material bag is 4 layers, one layers more than strain layer of culture medium layer, and the both ends of material bag are culture medium layer, are connected
Material bag is tightened after kind to be open to form inoculation material bag；
(4) management of producing mushroom：It is to be cultivated in 20 DEG C of darkroom that the inoculation material bag of step (3), which is put into temperature, when culture
Liquid medicine I in being sprayed into air, relative humidity 65% carry out air blast with air blower every 4h after cultivating 13d to darkroom, protect
Oxygen concentration is held 25%；After mycelia covers with bacterium bag, 6d is cultivated in continuation in darkroom；Then it is scratched in polybag surrounding with knife
Length is the openning of 4cm, opens draw 6 altogether；Bacterium bag after scratching is moved in ear canopy and is stacked, stacking number is 4 layers, heap
It folds after bacterium bag and 1 photo-irradiation treatment to be carried out to bacterium bag every 2.5h (wherein, the processing mode of photo-irradiation treatment is that cycle colourama shines
Processing, carries out 4-6 circular treatment altogether, and the endless form of the circular treatment is：" White-Light processing 20min, intensity of illumination are
1000Lx "~" blue light processing 10min, intensity of illumination 700Lx "~" feux rouges processing 15min, intensity of illumination 900Lx "~
" orange light handles 15min, intensity of illumination 600Lx "~dark treatment 5min)；It is 22 DEG C to keep the temperature of ear canopy, and into ear canopy
Distilled water is sprayed, it is 45% to keep the relative humidity of air；After growing the microtia of sarcoma shape in the crack of bacterium bag, by polybag
Move on produce agaric bed bedstead, carry out ear management, when ear management, agaric growing field temperature be 17 DEG C, irregularly sprayed into air
Middle liquid medicine II is spilt, it is 90% to keep the relative humidity of air, opens door and window and is scattered light photo-irradiation treatment, the illumination for scattering light is strong
Degree is 800Lx；
(5) harvesting with adopt after manage：Wait for that the auricle of the cloud ear of step (4) unfolds softening, fleshy hypertrophy, the basal part of the ear, which is shunk, to be become
Carefully, only a few it is hard of hearing starts generate white powder basidiospore when start harvest the first damp mushroom, picking after the completion of daily sooner or later to
Liquid fertilizer is sprayed on compost surface, and air humidity is made to reach 85%；Then pipe is carried out according still further to the management of producing mushroom method of step (4)
Reason, until having harvested 3 damp mushrooms.
Compost in step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight：45 parts of fermentation ramulus mori, 25 parts of cornstalk,
30 parts of rice straw, 12 parts of land plaster, 25 parts of oil tea slag, 12 parts of bean powder, 13 parts of passion fruit skin and 20 parts of bagasse.
The fermentation process of above-mentioned fermentation ramulus mori is：It is screened by the sieve of 120 mesh after ramulus mori is crushed, then to ramulus mori powder
The cellulase that the NaCl and 5mg/g enzyme activities of broken middle addition 8mg/g are 600U/g, after stirring evenly, according to the inoculation of 8mg/g
The ramulus mori fermenting microbe that amount access has been tamed is 26 DEG C in temperature, and relative humidity is sealed fermenting 20d under conditions of 25%.Its
In, the ramulus mori fermenting microbe comprises the following components in parts by weight：17 parts of viable count is 3.4 × 108The withered grass bud of CFU/g
Spore bacillus, 23 parts of viable counts are 2.4 × 108The aspergillus oryzae 3.1 × 10 of CFU/g8CFU/g, 13 parts of viable counts are 5.7 ×
108The red mould of CFU/g and 21 parts of viable counts are 6.3 × 108The lactic acid bacteria of CFU/g；
The acclimation method of above-mentioned ramulus mori fermenting microbe is：Bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae, red mould are respectively placed in tame and docile
Change and cultivated in culture medium, when tame content of cellulose drop by half in culture medium, terminates the first phase and cultivate, and by incubation time
It is denoted as T1；Choose bacterium colony and repeat first phase incubation, when bacillus tames content of cellulose drop by half in culture medium
When terminate first phase culture, and incubation time is denoted as T2；So repeat the n phases to cultivate, works as Tn=1/2T1When, complete withered grass
The domestication process of bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and red mould；Lactic acid bacteria is placed in domestication culture medium and is cultivated, when domestication culture medium
Middle lactic acid content is to terminate the first phase culture when content reaches 30mg/mL, and incubation time is denoted as T1；First phase culture terminates
Second phase culture is carried out afterwards, is picked out the bacterial strain after first phase culture and is placed in the culture of same recipe and cultivates, lays equal stress on
Multiple first phase incubation, terminates second phase culture when the content of lactic acid in culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and by incubation time
It is denoted as T2；So repeat the n phases to cultivate, works as Tn=1/2T1When, complete domestication process；
Above-mentioned domestication culture medium by as follows at being grouped as：Mass concentration be the cellulose of 40mg/mL, 20mg/mL half
Yeast extract that sucrose that cellulose, mass concentration are 5mg/mL, mass concentration are 30mg/mL, mass concentration are 13mg/mL's
Barbaloin that agar that dragon fruit polysaccharide, mass concentration are 10mg/mL, mass concentration are 10mg/mL, remaining be white mulberry vein-juice.
The processing method of above-mentioned compost is：Each raw material is weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight, is crushed after evenly mixing, by 70 mesh
Sieve screens to obtain compost described in the present embodiment.
Middle liquid medicine I in step (4) is comprised the following components in parts by weight：15 parts of eucalyptus leaf extract, 16 parts of fennel
Fragrant extract, 12 parts of capsicum seed extract, 17 parts of Lotus Leafextract, 17 parts of birthwort extract and 12 parts climb rock perfume
Extract.
In the present embodiment, middle liquid medicine I eucalyptus leaf extract, anise extract, capsicum seed extract, Lotus Leafextract, horse
Pocket bell extract, the extracting method for climbing rock perfume (or spice) extract and embodiment 1 are completely the same.
In the present embodiment, the processing method and embodiment 1 of middle liquid medicine I is completely the same.
Middle liquid medicine II in step (4) is comprised the following components in parts by weight：20 parts of longan shell extract, 23 parts of litchi
Branch nuclear extract, 23 parts of chrysanthemum extract, 32 parts of aloe extract, 31 parts of passion fruit bark extract.
In the present embodiment, middle liquid medicine II longans shell extract, Semen Litchi extract, chrysanthemum extract, aloe extract, hundred
The extracting method of fragrant pericarp extract and embodiment 1 are completely the same..
In the present embodiment, the processing method and embodiment 1 of middle liquid medicine II is completely the same.
Liquid fertilizer in step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight：41 parts of animals urine filtered fluid, 23 parts of oil tea
Slag leaching liquor, 21 parts of passion fruit skin zymotic fluid, 12 parts of bone meal leaching liquor and 17 parts of sodium alginate.
In the present embodiment, liquid fertilizer animals urine, oil tea slag leaching liquor, passion fruit skin zymotic fluid, middle bone meal leaching liquor plus
Work method and embodiment 1 are completely the same.
In the present embodiment, the processing method and embodiment 1 of liquid fertilizer are completely the same.
Control group 1：
The cultural method of this control group in strict accordance with embodiment 1 carry out, but the ramulus mori in compost without everfermentation at
Reason, but it is directly completely the same using common ramulus mori, other formulas and processing method and embodiment 1.
Control group 2：
The cultural method of this control group is carried out in strict accordance with embodiment 1, but does not add fermentation ramulus mori in compost,
Its formula and processing method and embodiment 1 are completely the same.
Control group 3：
The cultural method of this control group is carried out in strict accordance with embodiment 1, and middle liquid medicine I is substituted for distilled water and is sprayed,
Other formulas and processing method and embodiment 1 are completely the same.
Control group 4：
The cultural method of this control group is carried out in strict accordance with embodiment 1, and middle liquid medicine II is substituted for distilled water and is sprayed,
Other formulas and processing method and embodiment 1 are completely the same.
Control group 5：
The cultural method of this control group is carried out in strict accordance with embodiment 1, and liquid fertilizer is substituted for distilled water and is sprayed, other
Formula and processing method and embodiment 1 are completely the same.
Control group 6：
The cultural method of this control group is carried out in strict accordance with embodiment 1, and the method for handling illumination shines colourama at alternately
Reason is substituted for White-Light processing, other formulas and processing method and embodiment 1 is completely the same.
Testing experiment 1：
When the 1st tide harvesting when the 1st tide harvesting of embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-6, each group takes 10 respectively；2nd tide is adopted
When the 1st tide harvesting of time receiving embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-6, each group takes 10 respectively；Measure a weight, thickness, average diameter
And appearance, and be averaged.Concrete condition is shown in Table 1：
Table 1
| Group | Piece weight (g/) | Piece thickness (mm) | Average diameter (cm) | Appearance |
| Embodiment 1 | 47.3 | 3.4 | 20.6 | Pitch-dark, bright in color |
| Embodiment 2 | 48.2 | 3.7 | 21.8 | Pitch-dark, bright in color |
| Embodiment 3 | 47.8 | 3.3 | 22.6 | Pitch-dark, bright in color |
| Control group 1 | 27.9 | 1.5 | 16.7 | Pitch-dark, bright in color |
| Control group 2 | 27.8 | 1.7 | 17.4 | Pitch-dark, bright in color |
| Control group 3 | 31.4 | 2.9 | 17.5 | Black has worm hole |
| Control group 4 | 30.2 | 3.0 | 18.3 | Black has worm hole |
| Control group 5 | 32.5 | 2.6 | 19.5 | Pitch-dark, bright in color |
| Control group 6 | 30.6 | 2.4 | 18.4 | Dark grey, color and luster are dim |
As seen from the above table, the weight of embodiment 1-3, thickness and average diameter are all higher than control group 1-6, illustrate that the application trains
Fermentation ramulus mori, middle liquid medicine I, middle liquid medicine II, liquid fertilizer and colourama in nutriment is according to weight, the thickness that can alternately effectively improve cloud ear
And average diameter, the quality of cloud ear can be effectively improved.
Testing experiment 2：
After inoculation, every 10d observes a cloud otopathy insect pest the case where, observes 60d and remember pest and disease damage situation altogether
Record, concrete condition are shown in Table 2：
Table 2
As seen from the above table, control group 3 and control group 4 are occurring the phenomenon that mildew, later just going out in 30d, 20d respectively
Phenomena such as showing mouldy, foxiness, rotting completely, illustrate that the middle liquid medicine I of the application and middle liquid medicine II can effectively improve the disease-resistant of cloud ear
Ability can effectively drive away worm ant.
In conclusion using the cultural method of the present invention, cloud ear yield can be effectively improved, improves cloud ear quality, improves cloud
The disease resistance of ear.
Several embodiments of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Cannot limitation of the scope of the invention therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection model of the present invention
It encloses.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps：
(1) compost is prepared：Compost is dried into rear co-grinding, is screened by -150 mesh screen of 100 mesh, then plus water makes training
The water content of nutriment is 10%-15%, and compost, which is built up material heap, carries out pile fermentation, a length of 4m-5m of heap, and heap width is
1m-1.5m is highly 80cm-100cm, and the gradient is 30 ° -45 °, 2-4 venthole is beaten in windrow, venthole height is
20cm-30cm, a diameter of 5cm-7cm, it is 10%-15% to keep the relative humidity of material heap, when the central temperature of material heap reaches 40
DEG C when, to material heap carry out turning, fermentation total duration be 48h-72h, after fermentation adjust material heap pH value be 7.0-8.0；Hair
It is 50%-60% to adjust the water content of material heap with distilled water after the completion of ferment；
(2) it sterilizes：The compost that step (1) is prepared carries out normal-pressure sterilization, and sterilising temp is 100 DEG C -120 DEG C, when sterilizing
Between be 12h-14h；
(3) it is inoculated with：The bacterium material that step (1) has sterilized, which is put into desinfection chamber, carries out natural cooling, when culture medium temperature is cooled to 22
Proceed by inoculation at DEG C -28 DEG C, get out the cylindricality polypropylene material bag of only one end open before inoculation, material bag it is a diameter of
12cm-15cm, material bag total length are 34cm-37cm；The culture medium that a layer thickness is 2cm-4cm is put into material bag to be compacted to be formed
Then culture medium layer places into the strain that a layer thickness is 5mm and is compacted to form strain layer, forms " culture medium layer-strain layer-training
The arrangement of foster base " separately；The strain layer of the material bag is 3-5 layers, one layers more than strain layer of culture medium layer, the both ends of material bag
Material bag is tightened for culture medium layer, after connecting kind to be open to form inoculation material bag；
(4) management of producing mushroom：It is to be cultivated in 15 DEG C -25 DEG C of darkroom that the inoculation material bag of step (3), which is put into temperature, when culture
Into air spray in liquid medicine I, relative humidity 60%-70%, cultivate 10d-15d after, every 4h air blowers to darkroom into
Row air blast keeps oxygen concentration in 20%-30%；After mycelia covers with bacterium bag, 5d-7d is cultivated in continuation in darkroom；Then it uses
Knife scratches the openning that length is 3cm-5cm in polybag surrounding, altogether the roads Kai Hua 5-7；Bacterium bag after scratching is moved in ear canopy
It is stacked, stacking number is 3-5 layer, and heap is folded and carries out 1 photo-irradiation treatment, holding ear canopy to bacterium bag every 2h-3h after bacterium bag
Temperature be 18 DEG C -25 DEG C, and spray distilled water into ear canopy, it is 40%-50% to keep the relative humidity of air；Wait for bacterium bag
After the microtia for growing sarcoma shape in crack, polybag is moved on produce agaric bed bedstead, carries out ear management, when ear management, is gone out
Agaric field temperature be 15 DEG C -23 DEG C, irregularly into air spray in liquid medicine II, keep air relative humidity be 85%-
95%, it opens door and window and is scattered light photo-irradiation treatment, the intensity of illumination for scattering light is 600Lx-1000Lx；
(5) harvesting with adopt after manage：Wait for that the auricle of the cloud ear of step (4) unfolds softening, fleshy hypertrophy, basal part of the ear contraction attenuates, pole
Minority is hard of hearing to be started to start to harvest the first damp mushroom when generating white powder basidiospore, daily sooner or later to compost after the completion of picking
Liquid fertilizer is sprayed on surface, and air humidity is made to reach 80%-90%；Then it is managed according still further to the management of producing mushroom method of step (4),
Until having harvested 2-4 damp mushrooms.
2. a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the culture of the step (1)
Material comprises the following components in parts by weight：40 parts -50 parts of fermentation ramulus mori, 20 parts -30 parts of cornstalk, 25 parts -35 parts of rice
Bar, 10 parts -15 parts of land plaster, 20 parts -30 parts of oil tea slag, 8 parts -18 parts of bean powder, 7 parts -18 parts of passion fruit skin and 15
The bagasse of -28 parts of part.
3. a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the fermentation of the fermentation ramulus mori
Method is：It is screened by the sieve of -150 mesh of 100 mesh after ramulus mori is crushed, 5mg/g-10mg/g is added in then being crushed to ramulus mori
NaCl and 4mg/g-6mg/g enzyme activities be 500U/g-800U/g cellulase, after stirring evenly, according to 7mg/g-9mg/g
Inoculum concentration access ramulus mori fermenting microbe tame, be 25 DEG C -27 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity for 20%-30% condition
Lower sealed fermenting 20d.
4. a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the ramulus mori fermenting microbe by
Following parts by weight at being grouped as：12 parts -23 parts of viable count is 3.4 × 108The bacillus subtilis of CFU/g, 17 parts -32 parts
Viable count is 2.4 × 108The aspergillus oryzae 3.1 × 10 of CFU/g8CFU/g, 9 parts of -19 parts of viable counts are 5.7 × 108CFU/g's is red
Mould and 13 parts of -27 parts of viable counts are 6.3 × 108The lactic acid bacteria of CFU/g；The acclimation method of the ramulus mori fermenting microbe is：It will
Bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae, red mould are respectively placed in domestication culture medium and cultivate, when taming content of cellulose in culture medium
When drop by half, terminate first phase culture, and incubation time is denoted as T1；Choose bacterium colony and repeats first phase incubation, when
Terminate the first phase culture when content of cellulose drop by half in bacillus domestication culture medium, and incubation time is denoted as T2；Such as
This repeats the n phases and cultivates, and works as Tn=1/2T1When, complete bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and red mould domestication process；
Lactic acid bacteria is placed in domestication culture medium and is cultivated, terminates the when tame in culture medium lactic acid content and reaching 30mg/mL for content
One phase cultivated, and incubation time is denoted as T1；The first phase carries out second phase culture after cultivating, and picks out first phase culture knot
Bacterial strain after beam is placed in the culture of same recipe and cultivates, and repeats first phase incubation, when lactic acid contains in culture medium
Amount terminates the second phase culture when reaching 30mg/mL, and incubation time is denoted as T2；So repeat the n phases to cultivate, works as Tn=1/
2T1When, complete domestication process；
The domestication culture medium by as follows at being grouped as：Mass concentration is the hemicellulose of the cellulose of 40mg/mL, 20mg/mL
Element, mass concentration be 5mg/mL sucrose, mass concentration be 30mg/mL yeast extract, mass concentration be 13mg/mL flue
Barbaloin that agar that fruit polysaccharide, mass concentration are 10mg/mL, mass concentration are 10mg/mL, remaining be white mulberry vein-juice.
5. a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Chinese medicine of the step (4)
Water I is comprised the following components in parts by weight：13 parts -19 parts of eucalyptus leaf extract, 12 parts -18 parts of anise extract, 8 parts -
17 parts of capsicum seed extract, 11 parts -23 parts of Lotus Leafextract, 12 parts -25 parts of birthwort extract and 9 parts -19 parts
Climb rock perfume (or spice) extract.
6. a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Chinese medicine of the step (4)
Water II is comprised the following components in parts by weight：17 parts -24 parts of longan shell extract, 18 parts -27 parts of Semen Litchi extract, 19
- 28 parts of chrysanthemum extract of part, 27 parts -39 parts of aloe extract, 23 parts -37 parts of passion fruit bark extract.
7. a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at step (4) illumination
The processing mode of reason is the colored photo-irradiation treatment of cycle, carries out 4-6 circular treatment altogether, the endless form of the circular treatment is：
" White-Light processing 20min, intensity of illumination 800Lx-1200Lx "~" blue light handles 10min, intensity of illumination 600Lx-800Lx "
~" feux rouges handles 15min, intensity of illumination 800Lx-1000Lx "~" orange light processing 15min, intensity of illumination 500Lx-
800Lx "~dark treatment 5min.
8. a kind of cultural method of ramulus mori cloud ear according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the liquid fertilizer of the step (5)
It comprises the following components in parts by weight：36 parts -49 parts of animals urine filtered fluid, 19 parts -31 parts of oil tea slag leaching liquor, 16
The passion fruit skin zymotic fluid, 9 parts -16 parts of bone meal leaching liquor and 13 parts -27 parts of sodium alginate of -29 parts of part.
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