CN109392598A - A kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum - Google Patents
A kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum Download PDFInfo
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- CN109392598A CN109392598A CN201811536624.XA CN201811536624A CN109392598A CN 109392598 A CN109392598 A CN 109392598A CN 201811536624 A CN201811536624 A CN 201811536624A CN 109392598 A CN109392598 A CN 109392598A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/50—Inoculation of spawn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to ganoderma lucidum planting technology fields; in particular to a kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum; the application plants ganoderma lucidum using the method that ganoderma lucidum is interplanted with Chinese fir; ganoderma lucidum does not disaccord after interplanting with Chinese fir with field; and it mutually promotes, land fertility can be enhanced, promote Chinese fir growth; reach Eco-environmental Forestry, protects the purpose of environment；The surplus material of the application cultivating ganoderma is the good organic fertilizer of Chinese fir woods again, and the Chinese fir woods of cultivating ganoderma grows fastly than not planting the lanceolata forest of ganoderma lucidum, can enter the felling phase ahead of time；Cultural method of the invention can be provided to ganoderma lucidum and the immediate wild planting environment of its growing environment, can improve ganoderma lucidum drug effect, improve ganoderma lucidum quality, drives away Pu mite and reduces ganoderma lucidum pest and disease damage.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to ganoderma lucidum planting technology field, in particular to a kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum.
[background technique]
It is On Polyporaceae ganoderma lucidum that ganoderma lucidum, which is also known as Lin Zhongling, fine jade precious (scientific name: Ganoderma Lucidum Karst),
Fructification.Have effects that invigorating qi for tranquilization, it is relieving cough and asthma, promote longevity.Often it is known as mesona by common people；It is most to be grown in woods
It is good, drug effect highest.Also there is an artificial greenhouse cultivation at present, but its drug effect of the ganoderma lucidum of greenhouse gardening and not as good as the spirit grown in woods
Sesame drug effect is high；In order to stablize ganoderma lucidum drug effect, preferably with hayashishita imitating wild planting；And melt water county mountain area soil layer is deep, comb pine, fertilizer
Fertile, miscellaneous tree growth is fast, provides material source abundant for production ganoderma lucidum；It is very suitable to ganoderma lucidum growing environment.Melt water county produces
Ganoderma lucidum has that pork is thick, and it is the outstanding person in same agricultural products, the nature in the melt water county town Huai Bao that thallus is solid, brilliance, glossy
" the cherishing precious ganoderma lucidum " that hayashishita is cultivated has had very high popularity on the market, but its drug effect can't be with Wild ganoderma drug effect
It is identical；But currently, nematode infections are than more serious, and in plantation, quality can give a discount greatly ganoderma lucidum in the bionical plantation of ganoderma lucidum
Button, and nutrient is fought for using ground plantation Shi Huiyu Chinese fir woods, be suppressed Chinese fir growth and ganoderma lucidum growth all can；And
And Chinese fir is the growing environment that Pu mite is liked, and therefore how Pu mite, improves artificial ganoderma's cultivation to the very harmful of ganoderma lucidum
Quality drive away Pu mite and reduce ganoderma lucidum pest and disease damage, how to improve the drug effect of artificial ganoderma, be the current technical issues that need to address.
[summary of the invention]
In view of above content, it is necessary to provide a kind of bionical implantation methods of ganoderma lucidum, ganoderma lucidum drug effect can be improved, improve ganoderma lucidum product
Matter drives away Pu mite and reduces ganoderma lucidum pest and disease damage.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum, described method includes following steps:
(1) it prepares bacteria stick: compost being put into blender plus water is stirred, -28h obtains micro- fermentation training to stack retting for 24 hours
Support base；Micro- fermentation medium is put into pressure cooker sterilizing 5h-7h；Loading inoculation bag obtains bacteria stick after being cooled to room temperature；The heap
The temperature macerated is 36 DEG C -38 DEG C；Humidity is 5%-10%；The temperature of the sterilizing is 130 DEG C -140 DEG C；
(2) it is inoculated with: by the bacteria stick of lucidum strain access step (1) after domestication, inoculated bacteria stick being put into bacteria canopy
Middle carry out pre-incubation obtains transplanting bacteria stick when mycelia covers with outer layer；
(3) bionical plantation: the transplanting bacteria stick of step (2) is cut off and is uniformly shed in the Chinese fir woods soil for having 10 years age of trees
In；And cover the compost that a layer thickness is 5cm-7cm；
(4) bacteria management: lighting process is carried out in plantation plot of the night to step (3) and water spray is handled；The water spray
Processing is that the spray water I containing liquid fertilizer is constantly sprayed in Xiang Shanshu woods, and keeping the soil moisture of Chinese fir woods is 20%-25%, wait grow
Out when sesame flower bud, terminates lighting process and bud thinning is carried out to overstocked sesame flower bud, when bud thinning guarantees that the distance between two neighboring sesame flower bud is big
The spray water II containing pest repellant is also sprayed in sesame flower bud phase other than spraying the spray water I containing liquid fertilizer in 10cm-12cm；It is misty
The spraying time of water II continuously sprays 10d-15d between 8:00-9:00 every morning；
(5) it harvests: ganoderma lucidum being harvested when sesame body maturation, dry, is sealed.
Further, the compost of the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts -25 parts of Eucalyptus bits,
7 parts -13 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 20 parts -30 parts of cedar sawdust, 10 parts -15 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts -8 parts of oil tea slag, 15 parts -25 parts
Pine sawdust, 10 parts -18 parts of maize cob meal and 5 parts -10 parts of chitosan.
Further, the inoculation bag of the step (1) is formed by inside and outside two layers, and cladding material is brown paper, inner layer material
For trehalose film.
Further, in the compost of the step (3) containing mass percentage be 5%-8% spirulina polysaccharide and
The anthocyanidin of 5%-7%.
Further, the lighting process method of the step (4) are as follows: the blue light for being 500Lx-800Lx with intensity of illumination
With the sodium yellow alternately irradiation that intensity of illumination is 1000Lx-1200Lx, alternately a circulation of irradiation is " blue light irradiates
30min~40min- is protected from light 20min~30min- sodium yellow irradiation 30min~40min "；Alternately 4-6 circulation of irradiation reaction.
Further, the liquid fertilizer of the step (4) by 6.0g/L-10.0g/L big plumage awns beanstalk extracting solution, 100g/L-
The spiral of the coconut milk of 150g/L, the potato juice of 200g/L-300g/L, 4.0g/L-6.0g/L chitosan, 50g/L-60g/L
The methyl α-naphthyl acetate group of algae extracting solution, the tapioca liquid of 10g/L-15g/L, the indolebutyric acid of 2mg/L-4mg/L and 2mg/L-4mg/L
At.
Further, the pest repellant of the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts -20 parts of ganoderma lucidum is more
Sugar, 8 parts -15 parts of pulverized limestone, 15 parts -25 parts of cassava bark extract, 20 parts -25 parts of garlic P.E and 8 parts -15 parts
Horseshoe Herba Pelargonii Graveolentis extract.
The acclimation method of lucidum strain in above-mentioned steps (2) are as follows:
It is carried out disinfection with the alcohol that percentage by volume is 75% to the new fresh sporophore surface of ganoderma lucidum, then uses aseptic operation
Fructification is cut into small pieces the inoculation material as domestication by knife in super-clean bench；Inoculation material is inoculated in initial culture base；
It is inoculated with 20 respectively, half-light culture under the conditions of being placed in 23-25 DEG C；It is checked 1 time every 2d, chooses pollution and the abnormal examination of mycelia
Pipe.Observe and record mycelium germination time, mycelium length, mycelia color, the dense degree of mycelia and pollution rate.Select mycelia growth speed
The test tube strains that degree is fast and growth potential is vigorous, picking colony edge mycelium inoculation are purified and are tamed out excellent on domestication culture medium
Good mother's kind is spare.
Wherein, initial culture base is prepared with method according to the following ratio: being taken peeled potatoes 100g and rice 100g to mix and is steamed
It is ripe, pulverize, add 1000mL boiling to boil 30min, filter off potato and rice, filtrate is complemented into 1000mL, adds trehalose 20g,
Agar 20g is dispensed after dissolving, and sterilize 30min under the conditions of 0.14MPa.
Wherein, domestication culture medium is according to following parts by weight: 18 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 11 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 23 parts of China fir
Sawdust, 12 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of oil tea slag, 16 parts of pine sawdust, 12 parts of maize cob meal, 7 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of paddy
Chaff, 1 part of KH2PO4With 3 parts of lime；Into culture medium plus water, until water content is 60% then in 0.14/MPa, 121 DEG C
Under the conditions of sterilize 2h, packed after cooling.
During domesticating and cultivating, bacteria stick is moved into culturing rack after inoculation, and constantly spray water, keeps the relative humidity of air to be
60%；Temperature highest must not exceed 32 DEG C.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the present invention provides suitable planting environment to ganoderma lucidum by the way of ganoderma lucidum and Chinese fir interplanting；Ganoderma lucidum is adopted when planting
With self-control compost, compost is by Eucalyptus bits, Chinese toon sawdust, cedar sawdust, wheat bran, oil tea slag, pine sawdust, maize cob meal and chitosan
Micro- fermentation is made；Although lignin rich in Eucalyptus bits, and Eucalyptus bits hardness is big, it also contains cineole to rise
To effective antibacterial and resistant effect, but cineole can make ganoderma lucidum smell bad, and therefore, inventor also added Chinese toon sawdust
And cedar sawdust, it can effectively improve the hardness and smell of sawdust, but it is only still relatively more single containing its nutritional ingredient of sawdust in compost
One, for this purpose, it is found by the applicant that addition oil tea slag can effectively improve the lipid content in culture medium；Pine sawdust can be effectively improved Eucalyptus
It considers hardness to be worth doing, stearic acid is provided, maize cob meal and chitosan can provide carbon source for ganoderma lucidum, and the present invention carries out micro- fermentation to compost,
So that compost is introduced into humic state in advance, ganoderma lucidum can be made to rapidly adapt to the growing environment of compost；The inoculation bag of the application is by interior
Outer two layers of composition, cladding material are brown paper, and inner layer material is trehalose film, and brown paper has aeration, can effectively facilitate
The raw growth of the gas of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium；The trehalose film of internal layer has slow releasing function to trehalose, can effectively facilitate Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to carbon
The absorption in source；Contain spirulina polysaccharide and anthocyanidin in compost, spirulina polysaccharide and anthocyanidin can promote ganoderma lucidum to pigment
It absorbs, improves ganoderma lucidum condition；The application blue light and yellow light recycle lighting process to promote ganoderma lucidum to grow；Blue light can promote ganoderma lucidum
To Nutrient Absorption, ganoderma lucidum sesame piece thickness can be effectively improved；Yellow light can effectively drive away Pu mite, reduce ganoderma lucidum insect pest.The application also adopts
Ganoderma lucidum growth is promoted not apply chemical fertilizer with self-control liquid fertilizer, the liquid fertilizer of the application is by big plumage awns beanstalk extracting solution, coconut milk, potato
Juice, chitosan, spirulina extract, tapioca liquid, indolebutyric acid and methyl α-naphthyl acetate composition；There are also rich in big plumage awns beanstalk extracting solution
Rich flavones can play antibacterial action, abundant starch, polysaccharide are contained in coconut milk, potato juice and tapioca liquid, is good
Carbon source, can effectively facilitate ganoderma lucidum growth；The ingredients such as vitamin rich in, anthocyanidin, polysaccharide, energy in spirulina extract
Microelement abundant is provided to ganoderma lucidum；Indolebutyric acid and methyl α-naphthyl acetate are auximones, can improve the bacterium piece quality of ganoderma lucidum；This
Application has developed corresponding pest repellant also directed to Pu mite, and the ingredient is by ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, pulverized limestone, cassava bark extract, garlic
Extract and horseshoe Herba Pelargonii Graveolentis extract composition；Contain allicin, horse in cassava bark extract containing cyanide, in garlic P.E
Contain aristolochic acid in hoof Herba Pelargonii Graveolentis extract, these ingredients, which can play, inhibits the metabolism of Pu mite, inhibits the work of Pu mite growth
With；And allicin smell therein can also effectively drive away Pu mite, and wherein ingredient is indispensable；It is planted using the above method
Ganoderma lucidum can effectively improve the soil property of Chinese fir woods compost, Chinese fir can be promoted to grow, Chinese fir is enable quickly to grow into forest, entered cut ahead of time
Cut down the phase.Cultural method of the invention can be provided to ganoderma lucidum and the immediate wild planting environment of its growing environment, can improve ganoderma lucidum
Drug effect improves ganoderma lucidum quality.
[specific embodiment]
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, abstract), unless specifically stated, each
Feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum is present embodiments provided, this method comprises the following steps:
(1) it prepares bacteria stick: compost being put into blender plus water is stirred, stack retting obtains micro- fermentation medium for 24 hours
(wherein, compost comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 7 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 20 parts of cedar sawdust, 10 parts
Wheat bran, 5 parts of oil tea slag, 15 parts of pine sawdust, 10 parts of maize cob meal and 5 parts of chitosan)；Micro- fermentation medium is put
Enter pressure cooker sterilizing 5h；It is cooled to after room temperature to be packed into inoculation bag and obtain bacteria stick and (wherein, is inoculated with bag to be formed by inside and outside two layers, outer layer
Material is brown paper, and inner layer material is trehalose film)；The temperature of the stack retting is 36 DEG C；Humidity is 5%；The sterilizing
Temperature is 130 DEG C；
(2) it is inoculated with: by the bacteria stick of lucidum strain access step (1) after domestication, inoculated bacteria stick being put into bacteria canopy
Middle carry out pre-incubation obtains transplanting bacteria stick when mycelia covers with outer layer；
(3) bionical plantation: the transplanting bacteria stick of step (2) is cut off and is uniformly shed in the Chinese fir woods soil for having 10 years age of trees
In；And cover the compost (spirulina polysaccharide for being wherein, 5% containing mass percentage in compost that a layer thickness is 5cm
With 5% anthocyanidin)；
(4) bacteria management: lighting process is carried out in plantation plot of the night to step (3) and water spray handles (wherein, illumination
Processing method are as follows: the sodium yellow that the blue light and intensity of illumination for being 500Lx with intensity of illumination are 1000Lx alternately irradiates, and alternately shines
The circulation penetrated is " blue light irradiates 30min- and is protected from light 20min- sodium yellow irradiation 30min "；Alternately irradiation reaction 4 are followed
Ring)；It is described water spray processing be Xiang Shanshu woods in constantly sprinkling containing liquid fertilizer spray water I (wherein, liquid fertilizer by 6.0g/L big plumage awns
Beanstalk extracting solution, the coconut milk of 100g/L, the potato juice of 200g/L, 4.0g/L chitosan, 50g/L spirulina extract,
The methyl α-naphthyl acetate of the tapioca liquid of 10g/L, the indolebutyric acid of 2mg/LL and 2mg/L forms), the soil moisture of holding Chinese fir woods is
20%, when growing sesame flower bud, terminates lighting process and bud thinning is carried out to overstocked sesame flower bud, when bud thinning guarantees between two neighboring sesame flower bud
Distance be greater than 10cm, in sesame flower bud phase other than spray the spray water I containing liquid fertilizer, also spray the spray water II containing pest repellant
(wherein, pest repellant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, 8 parts of pulverized limestone, 15 parts of cassava skin mention
Take object, 20 parts of garlic P.E and 8 parts of horseshoe Herba Pelargonii Graveolentis extract)；The spraying time of spray water II is every morning 8:
Between 00,10d is continuously sprayed；
(5) it harvests: ganoderma lucidum being harvested when sesame body maturation, dry, is sealed.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum is present embodiments provided, this method comprises the following steps:
(1) it prepares bacteria stick: compost being put into blender plus water is stirred, stack retting 28h obtains micro- fermentation medium
(wherein, compost comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 13 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 30 parts of cedar sawdust, 15
Wheat bran, 8 parts of the oil tea slag, 25 parts of pine sawdust, 18 parts of maize cob meal and 10 parts of chitosan of part)；By micro- fermented and cultured
Base is put into pressure cooker sterilizing 7h；Be cooled to after room temperature be packed into inoculation bag obtain bacteria stick (wherein, bag is inoculated with to be formed by inside and outside two layers,
Cladding material is brown paper, and inner layer material is trehalose film)；The temperature of the stack retting is 38 DEG C；Humidity is 10%；It is described to go out
The temperature of bacterium is 140 DEG C；
(2) it is inoculated with: by the bacteria stick of lucidum strain access step (1) after domestication, inoculated bacteria stick being put into bacteria canopy
Middle carry out pre-incubation obtains transplanting bacteria stick when mycelia covers with outer layer；
(3) bionical plantation: the transplanting bacteria stick of step (2) is cut off and is uniformly shed in the Chinese fir woods soil for having 10 years age of trees
In；And cover the compost (spirulina polysaccharide for being wherein, 8% containing mass percentage in compost that a layer thickness is 7cm
With 7% anthocyanidin)；
(4) bacteria management: lighting process is carried out in plantation plot of the night to step (3) and water spray handles (wherein, illumination
Processing method are as follows: the sodium yellow that the blue light and intensity of illumination for being 800Lx with intensity of illumination are 1200Lx alternately irradiates, and alternately shines
The circulation penetrated is " blue light irradiates 40min- and is protected from light 30min- sodium yellow irradiation 40min "；Alternately irradiation reaction 6 are followed
Ring)；It is described water spray processing be Xiang Shanshu woods in constantly sprinkling containing liquid fertilizer spray water I (wherein, liquid fertilizer by 10.0g/L big plumage
Awns beanstalk extracting solution, the coconut milk of 150g/L, the potato juice of 300g/L, 6.0g/L chitosan, 60g/L spirulina extract,
The methyl α-naphthyl acetate of the tapioca liquid of 15g/L, the indolebutyric acid of 4mg/L and 4mg/L forms), the soil moisture of holding Chinese fir woods is
25%, when growing sesame flower bud, terminates lighting process and bud thinning is carried out to overstocked sesame flower bud, when bud thinning guarantees between two neighboring sesame flower bud
Distance be greater than 12cm, in sesame flower bud phase other than spray the spray water I containing liquid fertilizer, also spray the spray water II containing pest repellant
(wherein, pest repellant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, 15 parts of pulverized limestone, 25 parts of cassava skin mention
Take object, 25 parts of garlic P.E and 8 parts -15 parts of horseshoe Herba Pelargonii Graveolentis extract)；The spraying time of spray water II is early daily
Between upper 9:00,15d is continuously sprayed；
(5) it harvests: ganoderma lucidum being harvested when sesame body maturation, dry, is sealed.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum is present embodiments provided, this method comprises the following steps:
(1) it prepares bacteria stick: compost being put into blender plus water is stirred, stack retting 26h obtains micro- fermentation medium
(wherein, compost comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 10 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 28 parts of cedar sawdust, 13
Wheat bran, 7 parts of the oil tea slag, 19 parts of pine sawdust, 16 parts of maize cob meal and 7 parts of chitosan of part)；By micro- fermentation medium
It is put into pressure cooker sterilizing 6h；It is cooled to after room temperature to be packed into inoculation bag and obtain bacteria stick and (wherein, is inoculated with bag to be formed by inside and outside two layers, outside
Layer material is brown paper, and inner layer material is trehalose film)；The temperature of the stack retting is 37 DEG C；Humidity is 7%；The sterilizing
Temperature be 135 DEG C；
(2) it is inoculated with: by the bacteria stick of lucidum strain access step (1) after domestication, inoculated bacteria stick being put into bacteria canopy
Middle carry out pre-incubation obtains transplanting bacteria stick when mycelia covers with outer layer；
(3) bionical plantation: the transplanting bacteria stick of step (2) is cut off and is uniformly shed in the Chinese fir woods soil for having 10 years age of trees
In；And cover the compost (spirulina polysaccharide for being wherein, 7% containing mass percentage in compost that a layer thickness is 6cm
With 6% anthocyanidin)；
(4) bacteria management: lighting process is carried out in plantation plot of the night to step (3) and water spray handles (wherein, illumination
Processing method are as follows: the sodium yellow that the blue light and intensity of illumination for being 700Lx with intensity of illumination are 1100Lx alternately irradiates, and alternately shines
The circulation penetrated is " blue light irradiates 35min- and is protected from light 25min- sodium yellow irradiation 35min "；Alternately irradiation reaction 5 are followed
Ring)；It is described water spray processing be Xiang Shanshu woods in constantly sprinkling containing liquid fertilizer spray water I (wherein, liquid fertilizer by 7.0g/L big plumage awns
Beanstalk extracting solution, the coconut milk of 120g/L, the potato juice of 250g/L, 5.0g/L chitosan, 55g/L spirulina extract,
The methyl α-naphthyl acetate of the tapioca liquid of 13g/L, the indolebutyric acid of 3mg/L and 3mg/L forms), the soil moisture of holding Chinese fir woods is
23%, when growing sesame flower bud, terminates lighting process and bud thinning is carried out to overstocked sesame flower bud, when bud thinning guarantees between two neighboring sesame flower bud
Distance be greater than 11cm, in sesame flower bud phase other than spray the spray water I containing liquid fertilizer, also spray the spray water II containing pest repellant
(wherein, pest repellant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 17 parts of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, 11 parts of pulverized limestone, 19 parts of cassava skin mention
Take object, 23 parts of garlic P.E and 11 parts of horseshoe Herba Pelargonii Graveolentis extract)；The spraying time of spray water II is every morning 8:
Between 30,13d is continuously sprayed；
(5) it harvests: ganoderma lucidum being harvested when sesame body maturation, dry, is sealed.
The acclimation method of the application lucidum strain:
The lucidum strain acclimation method of step described in the embodiment of the present application 1-3 (2) are as follows:
It is carried out disinfection with the alcohol that percentage by volume is 75% to the new fresh sporophore surface of ganoderma lucidum, then uses aseptic operation
Fructification is cut into small pieces the inoculation material as domestication by knife in super-clean bench；Inoculation material is inoculated in initial culture base；
It is inoculated with 20 respectively, half-light culture under the conditions of being placed in 23-25 DEG C；It is checked 1 time every 2d, chooses pollution and the abnormal examination of mycelia
Pipe.Observe and record mycelium germination time, mycelium length, mycelia color, the dense degree of mycelia and pollution rate.Select mycelia growth speed
The test tube strains that degree is fast and growth potential is vigorous, picking colony edge mycelium inoculation are purified and are tamed out excellent on domestication culture medium
Good mother's kind is spare.
Wherein, initial culture base is prepared with method according to the following ratio: being taken peeled potatoes 100g and rice 100g to mix and is steamed
It is ripe, pulverize, add 1000mL boiling to boil 30min, filter off potato and rice, filtrate is complemented into 1000mL, adds trehalose 20g,
Agar 20g is dispensed after dissolving, and sterilize 30min under the conditions of 0.14MPa.
Wherein, domestication culture medium is according to following parts by weight: 18 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 11 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 23 parts of China fir
Sawdust, 12 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of oil tea slag, 16 parts of pine sawdust, 12 parts of maize cob meal, 7 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of paddy
Chaff, 1 part of KH2PO4With 3 parts of lime；Into culture medium plus water, until water content is 60% then in 0.14/MPa, 121 DEG C
Under the conditions of sterilize 2h, packed after cooling.
During domesticating and cultivating, bacteria stick is moved into culturing rack after inoculation, and constantly spray water, keeps the relative humidity of air to be
60%；Temperature highest must not exceed 32 DEG C.
The application extract extracting method:
The extracting method of extract described in the embodiment of the present application 1-3 is all made of following means:
1. big plumage awns beanstalk extracting solution: fresh big plumage awns beanstalk complete stool being shredded, the acetic acid for being then 20% with percentage by volume
Ethyl ester solution, according to mass ratio be 1:3 mix, be put into supersonic extractors and carry out ultrasonic extraction, ultrasonic extraction power be 400w,
Extraction time is 30min；Then refluxing extraction, extraction time 3h are carried out again, and Extracting temperature is 80 DEG C；Filtering, takes filtrate quiet
It sets, upper liquid is taken to carry out rotary evaporation concentration, until concentrate is the 1/10 of stoste up to big plumage awns beanstalk extracting solution.
2. spirulina extract: the ethyl alcohol for being 75% by fresh spirulina and percentage by volume, it is mixed for 1:2 according to mass ratio
It closes, is put into 50 DEG C of water-bath, constant temperature extracts 50min, and filtering removal filter residue takes filtrate to carry out rotary evaporation concentration, until dense
Contracting liquid is the 1/15 of stoste up to spirulina extract.
3. cassava bark extract: ebon skin is shredded to the ethyl alcohol for being 90% with percentage by volume, it is mixed for 1:4 according to mass ratio
It closes, is put into 60 DEG C of water-bath and carries out refluxing extraction, filter, take filtrate to carry out rotary evaporation and cassava skin extraction obtained by drying is concentrated
Object.
4. garlic P.E: fresh garlic being smashed to pieces, is then that 1:1 is mixed according to mass ratio with water, is put into -10 DEG C
Frost zone frost for 24 hours；Mixture is taken out, adds after normal temperature unfreezing and is with mixture equal quality part, percentage by volume
30% methanol solution, the extracting at constant temperature 4h in the case where temperature is 40 DEG C of water-bath；It filters to take filtrate and carries out rotary evaporation concentration drying
Up to garlic P.E.
5. horseshoe Herba Pelargonii Graveolentis extract: fresh horseshoe spiceleaf is mixed with water according to mass ratio for 1:1, is smashed to pieces, be put into-
20 DEG C of frost zone freezes 12h；It takes out mixture and is put into extracting at constant temperature 7h in 90 DEG C of water-bath；Filtering, takes filtrate to be rotated
The horseshoe Herba Pelargonii Graveolentis extract that evaporating, concentrating and drying is.
Control group 1:
This control group only plants Chinese fir, does not interplant ganoderma lucidum.
Control group 2:
This control group only plants ganoderma lucidum, does not interplant Chinese fir, other implantation methods are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 3:
The compost of this control group does not use the application compost, and selects commercially available compost, other implantation methods and reality
It is identical to apply example 1.
Control group 4:
The compost of this control group is the common soil in Chinese fir forest land, other implantation methods are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 5:
This control group does not use lighting process, other implantation methods are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 6:
This control group does not use liquid fertilizer, other implantation methods are identical with embodiment 1.
Control group 7:
This control group does not use pest repellant, other implantation methods are identical with embodiment 1.
After plantation 1 year, 10 plants of Chinese firs of embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-7 are randomly selected, measure Chinese fir diameter (measured value
Height is 1m from the ground), and calculate Chinese fir average diameter；When ganoderma lucidum harvests, 100 ganoderma lucidums are randomly selected, the fresh of ganoderma lucidum is weighed
Weight, and the weight of single ganoderma lucidum is calculated, and test ganoderma lucidum thickness (thickness selects thickness to mark) and calculate average thickness；Observe mushroom
By the number of Pu mite infestationss, and calculate Pu mite infestationss rate.After multiple cropping 1 year, any the 100 of observation embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-7
Chinese fir, the leaf for counting Chinese fir is withered, top drying, bud is withered, it is rotten to spend, fruit is rotten and limb phenomenon, when the leaf of single plant Chinese fir is withered, top drying, bud
When withered, phenomena such as spending rotten, fruit rotten and limb reaches the 10% of complete stool characterization, it is denoted as morbidity Chinese fir, and calculate the disease incidence of Chinese fir,
It the results are shown in Table 1:
Wherein, infection rate calculation formula:
Table 1
As seen from the above table, the Chinese fir diameter of embodiment 1-3 is significantly greater than control group 1, illustrates that interplanting ganoderma lucidum can make Chinese fir straight
Diameter is bigger, grows faster；The ganoderma lucidum substance of embodiment 1-3 is greater than control group 2-7, and ganoderma lucidum thickness is greater than control group 2-6 and illustrates to cover
Kind Chinese fir, the compost for applying the application, incubation apply compost, can effectively improve ganoderma lucidum using lighting process and liquid fertilizer
Substance and thickness；And the ganoderma lucidum substance of control group 7 is lower than embodiment 1-3；The ganoderma lucidum thickness and embodiment 1-3 of control group 7 are basic
Unanimously, illustrate, the pest repellant of the application will affect ganoderma lucidum substance, but will not influence ganoderma lucidum thickness；The ganoderma lucidum sense of embodiment 1-3
Dye rate is significantly lower than control group 7；Illustrate that the pest repellant of the application can effectively improve the disease resistance of ganoderma lucidum；The Chinese fir of embodiment 1-3
Disease incidence is apparently higher than control group 1, illustrates that the application Chinese fir and ganoderma lucidum interplanting can significantly improve Chinese fir disease incidence.
2, influence test of the test cultures material to ganoderma lucidum quality:
Compost is configured according to following processing group, tests the ganoderma lucidum Weight per plant and thickness that different composts are turned out, is handled
Group is as follows:
Processing 1: compost is configured according to the component of the embodiment of the present application 1；
Processing 2: it is considered to be worth doing in compost without Eucalyptus, other processing modes are identical with embodiment 1, i.e., compost is by as follows
Parts by weight at being grouped as: 7 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 20 parts of cedar sawdust, 10 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of oil tea slag, 15 parts of pine
Bits, 10 parts of maize cob meal and 5 parts of chitosan.
Processing 3: Chinese toon sawdust is free of in compost, other processing modes are identical with embodiment 1, i.e., compost is by as follows
Parts by weight at being grouped as: 15 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 20 parts of cedar sawdust, 10 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of oil tea slag, 15 parts of pine
Bits, 10 parts of maize cob meal and 5 parts of chitosan.
Processing 4: cedar sawdust is free of in compost, other processing modes are identical with embodiment 1, i.e., compost is by as follows
Parts by weight at being grouped as: 15 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 7 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 10 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of oil tea slag, 15 parts of pine
Bits, 10 parts of maize cob meal and 5 parts of chitosan.
Processing 5: wheat bran is free of in compost, other processing modes are identical with embodiment 1, i.e., compost by weighing as follows
Amount part at being grouped as: 15 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 7 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 20 parts of cedar sawdust, 5 parts of oil tea slag, 15 parts of pine
Bits, 10 parts of maize cob meal and 5 parts of chitosan.
Processing 6: oil tea slag is free of in compost, other processing modes are identical with embodiment 1, i.e., compost is by as follows
Parts by weight at being grouped as: 15 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 7 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 20 parts of cedar sawdust, 10 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of pine
Bits, 10 parts of maize cob meal and 5 parts of chitosan.
Processing 7: pine sawdust is free of in compost, other processing modes are identical with embodiment 1, i.e., compost is by as follows
Parts by weight at being grouped as: 15 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 7 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 20 parts of cedar sawdust, 10 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of oil tea
Slag, 10 parts of maize cob meal and 5 parts of chitosan.
Processing 8: maize cob meal is free of in compost, other processing modes are identical with embodiment 1, i.e., compost is by such as
Lower parts by weight at being grouped as: 15 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 7 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 20 parts of cedar sawdust, 10 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of oil tea
Slag, 15 parts of pine sawdust and 5 parts of chitosan.
Processing 9: not chitosan-containing in compost, other processing modes are identical with embodiment 1, i.e., compost is by as follows
Parts by weight at being grouped as: 15 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 7 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 20 parts of cedar sawdust, 10 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of oil tea
Slag, 15 parts of pine sawdust and 10 parts of maize cob meal.
Test result is shown in Table 2:
Table 2
As seen from the above table, it handles 1 ganoderma lucidum substance and ganoderma lucidum thickness is all larger than processing 2-9, illustrate the application compost
With the substance and bacterium piece thickness that can effectively improve ganoderma lucidum, and its compost ingredient is indispensable.
In conclusion can be provided and the immediate open country of its growing environment to ganoderma lucidum using Chinese fir of the invention and ganoderma lucidum interplanting
Agricultural climate condition for corn environment can improve ganoderma lucidum drug effect, improve ganoderma lucidum quality, drive away Pu mite and reduce ganoderma lucidum pest and disease damage.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitation of the scope of the invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection model of the invention
It encloses.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps:
(1) it prepares bacteria stick: compost being put into blender plus water is stirred, -28h obtains micro- fermentation medium to stack retting for 24 hours；
Micro- fermentation medium is put into pressure cooker sterilizing 5h-7h；Loading inoculation bag obtains bacteria stick after being cooled to room temperature；The temperature of the stack retting
Degree is 36 DEG C -38 DEG C；Humidity is 5%-10%；The temperature of the sterilizing is 130 DEG C -140 DEG C；
(2) be inoculated with: by after domestication lucidum strain access step (1) bacteria stick, by inoculated bacteria stick be put into bacteria canopy into
Row pre-incubation obtains transplanting bacteria stick when mycelia covers with outer layer；
(3) bionical plantation: the transplanting bacteria stick of step (2) is cut off and is uniformly shed in the Chinese fir woods soil for having 10 years age of trees；
And cover the compost that a layer thickness is 5cm-7cm；
(4) bacteria management: lighting process is carried out in plantation plot of the night to step (3) and water spray is handled；The water spray processing
Constantly to spray the spray water I containing liquid fertilizer in Xiang Shanshu woods, keeping the soil moisture of Chinese fir woods is 20%-25%, sesame to be grown
When flower bud, terminates lighting process and bud thinning is carried out to overstocked sesame flower bud, when bud thinning guarantees that the distance between two neighboring sesame flower bud is greater than
10cm-12cm also sprays the spray water II containing pest repellant in sesame flower bud phase other than spraying the spray water I containing liquid fertilizer；Spray water
The spraying time of II continuously sprays 10d-15d between 8:00-9:00 every morning；
(5) it harvests: ganoderma lucidum being harvested when sesame body maturation, dry, is sealed.
2. Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the compost of the step (1) by
Following parts by weight at being grouped as: 15 parts -25 parts of Eucalyptus bits, 7 parts -13 parts of Chinese toon sawdust, 20 parts -30 parts of cedar sawdust, 10
Parts -15 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts -8 parts of oil tea slag, 15 parts -25 parts of pine sawdust, 10 parts -18 parts of maize cob meal and 5 parts -10 parts
Chitosan.
3. Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inoculation bag of the step (1) by
Inside and outside two layers of composition, cladding material are brown paper, and inner layer material is trehalose film.
4. Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the compost of the step (3)
Anthocyanidin containing spirulina polysaccharide and 5%-7% that mass percentage is 5%-8%.
5. Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lighting process of the step (4)
Method are as follows: the sodium yellow that the blue light and intensity of illumination for being 500Lx-800Lx with intensity of illumination are 1000Lx-1200Lx alternately shines
It penetrates, alternately a circulation of irradiation is " blue light irradiates 30min~40min- and is protected from light the irradiation of 20min~30min- sodium yellow
30min~40min "；Alternately 4-6 circulation of irradiation reaction.
6. Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the liquid fertilizer of the step (4) by
The big plumage awns beanstalk extracting solution of 6.0g/L-10.0g/L, the coconut milk of 100g/L-150g/L, 200g/L-300g/L potato juice,
4.0g/L-6.0g/L chitosan, the spirulina extract of 50g/L-60g/L, 10g/L-15g/L tapioca liquid, 2mg/L-
The indolebutyric acid of 4mg/L and the methyl α-naphthyl acetate composition of 2mg/L-4mg/L.
7. Wildmimic cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pest repellant of the step (4) by
Following parts by weight at being grouped as: 15 parts -20 parts of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, 8 parts -15 parts of pulverized limestone, 15 parts -25 parts of cassava skin mention
Take object, 20 parts -25 parts of garlic P.E and 8 parts -15 parts of horseshoe Herba Pelargonii Graveolentis extract.
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| CN113317162A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-08-31 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Alternate cutting utilization method for rubber trees in mature rubber forest |
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| CN113557909A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-10-29 | 吉林农业科技学院 | Morchella cultivation method |
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