CN107338056B - Green microbial soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Green microbial soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a green microbial soil conditioner which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of compound microbial agent, 30-50 parts of polyacrylamide, 20-30 parts of compound glycerol distillation residue solution, 30-50 parts of catkin and 15-25 parts of waste coal slag. The green microbial soil conditioner can increase the granular structure of soil, reduce the volume weight of the soil, increase the total porosity of the soil and the porosity of capillary tubes, obviously increase the permeability and promote the water retention capacity of the soil. The green microbial soil conditioner can improve the nutritional status of soil and promote the yield increase of crops, and has obvious ecological and economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil environment, and particularly relates to a green microorganism soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China is a large population country and a large agricultural country, people who occupy 22% of the world are cultivated in land which occupies 7% of the world, and the food problem is always a big matter related to the national civilization. 20 hundred million acres of existing cultivated land in China need 1.5 hundred million tons of chemical fertilizer every year, and the method is the biggest chemical fertilizer entry country and nitrogen fertilizer production country in the world. Nevertheless, the amount of fertilizer still does not meet the needs of agricultural development. The key problem is that the utilization rate of the fertilizer is too low. According to investigation, the utilization rate of the fertilizer in China is only 35-40%, and the rest is fixed by soil or leaching causes environmental problems such as water pollution, lake eutrophication and the like. The effective and reasonable use of the chemical fertilizer, the reduction of environmental pollution, the elimination of soil hardening, the excavation of potential fertility of soil, the improvement of the utilization rate of the chemical fertilizer and the reduction of the incidence of soil-borne diseases become important subjects in agricultural production. In order to achieve the aims of high yield, high quality and high efficiency in the sustainable development of agriculture, various countries in the world improve the micro-ecological system of crop rhizosphere soil by using a biological soil conditioner prepared from beneficial microorganisms in the soil, convert substances which are difficult to utilize by crops into available nutrient substances, reduce the incidence of soil-borne diseases and relieve the adverse influence of ecological environment.
The soil is a substrate for the growth of crops, and healthy agricultural products can be produced only by healthy soil. After long-term application of chemical fertilizers and continuous cropping cultivation, the soil microbial flora is changed, pathogenic microorganisms are increased, and the soil-borne diseases are seriously attacked and even are extremely harvested. At present, the prevention and treatment measures for soil-borne diseases comprise measures of applying organic matters, removing disease residues, biologically preventing, adjusting physicochemical property of soil, chemically preventing, changing soil, disinfecting soil and the like to control the occurrence of the soil-borne diseases, but the occurrence of destructive soil-borne diseases cannot be effectively prevented, and new problems are generated. The chemical control effect is not ideal, the drug resistance of pathogens is increased, and soil and water are polluted; the biological control effect is unstable; soil replacement and soil disinfection, large engineering quantity and damage to the soil environment. Although soil-borne diseases are called cancer of plants, the pathogenesis of the soil-borne diseases is substantially different from that of human cancer, and the prevention and the treatment are mainly characterized in that a large amount of (20L/660 m) of soil is planted in the soil on the premise of improving the soil structure2) Beneficial microorganisms can compete with and inhibit pathogens, reduce pathogen pressure, and completely control soil-borne diseases without reducing planting income by assisting with seed disinfection. The acquisition of effective and stable beneficial microorganisms (biocontrol bacteria) is one of the key factors for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a pollution-free, efficient and practical green microorganism soil conditioner.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the green microbial soil conditioner.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a green microorganism soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of compound microbial agent, 30-50 parts of polyacrylamide, 20-30 parts of compound glycerol distillation residue solution, 30-50 parts of catkin and 15-25 parts of waste coal slag.
The compound microbial agent is prepared from candida utilis, lactobacillus cellobiosus, aroma-like aroma bacteria, providencia rettgeri and lactobacillus delbrueckii according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.8-1.2: 2-3: 0.5-1: 1.5-2 by weight.
The number of viable bacteria of the candida utilis is 5-8 multiplied by 109Per gram; the viable count of the Lactobacillus cellobiosus is 1-9 × 108Per gram; the number of viable bacteria of the aroma-like aroma bacteria is 1-5 × 108The number of viable bacteria of providencia rettgeri is 1-9 × 1010Per gram; the viable count of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii is 1-9 × 108Per gram.
Candida utilis of the present invention (A), (B)Candidautilis) Purchased from China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) and has a preservation number of No. 209298. The aroma-like bacteria (Myroidesophagemimus) and providencia rettgeri (A) of the present inventionProvidenciarettgeri) Purchased from the China general microbiological culture Collection center (address: microbial research institute of Zhongkou institute of western-style-1 institute of Hospital, Xilu, Beijing, Chaoyang, and aroma-like bacteria (Myroidesodoratimimus) No.1.10437, providencia rettgeri (A), (B)Providenciarettgeri) No. 7544. Lactobacillus cellobiose of the present invention: (Lactobacilluscellobiosas) And Lactobacillus delbrueckii: (Lactobacillusdelbrueckii) Is a conventional commercial strain.
The mass concentration of the composite glycerol distillation residue solution is 50%.
The composite glycerol distillation residue solution is prepared from glycerol distillation residue solution and sodium lignosulfonate according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.2-0.3 by weight ratio.
The glycerin distillation residue solution of the invention is a mixture of polymerized glycerin, water and the like discharged from a residue discharge port of a distillation kettle in a glycerin workshop.
A preparation method of a green microorganism soil conditioner is prepared by the following steps:
1) the waste coal cinder is soaked for 2 to 3 hours by water spraying, and is crushed to 80 to 100 meshes after being dried to obtain waste coal cinder powder;
2) uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent, the compound glycerol distillation residue solution, the catkin and the waste coal slag, and naturally stacking and fermenting for 1-2 times every day to obtain a fermented product;
3) naturally drying the fermented product until the water content is less than 20%, adding polyacrylamide, mixing uniformly, and subpackaging to obtain the green microbial soil conditioner.
The fermentation temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the fermentation time is 5-10 days.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the green microbial soil conditioner can increase the granular structure of soil, reduce the volume weight of the soil, increase the total porosity of the soil and the porosity of capillary tubes, obviously increase the permeability and promote the water retention capacity of the soil. The green microbial soil conditioner can improve the nutritional status of soil and promote the yield increase of crops, and has obvious ecological and economic benefits.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A green microorganism soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of compound microbial agent, 50 parts of polyacrylamide, 20 parts of compound glycerol distillation residue solution, 30 parts of catkin and 25 parts of waste coal slag.
The compound microbial agent is prepared from candida utilis, lactobacillus cellobiosus, aroma-like aroma bacteria, providencia rettgeri and lactobacillus delbrueckii according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.8: 3: 0.5: 1.5 in weight ratio.
The number of viable bacteria of the candida utilis is 5-8 multiplied by 109Per gram; the viable count of the Lactobacillus cellobiosus is 1-9 × 108Per gram; the number of viable bacteria of the aroma-like aroma bacteria is 1-5 × 108The number of viable bacteria of providencia rettgeri is 1-9 × 1010Per gram; the viable count of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii is 1-9 × 108Per gram.
The mass concentration of the composite glycerol distillation residue solution is 50%.
The composite glycerol distillation residue solution is prepared from glycerol distillation residue solution and sodium lignosulfonate according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.2 by weight ratio.
A preparation method of a green microorganism soil conditioner is prepared by the following steps:
1) the waste coal cinder is soaked for 3 hours by water spraying, and is crushed to 100 meshes after being dried to obtain waste coal cinder powder;
2) uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent, the compound glycerol distillation residue solution, the catkin and the waste coal slag, and naturally stacking and fermenting for 1-2 times every day to obtain a fermented product;
3) naturally drying the fermented product until the water content is less than 20%, adding polyacrylamide, mixing uniformly, and subpackaging to obtain the green microbial soil conditioner.
The fermentation temperature is 50 ℃, and the fermentation time is 5 days.
Example 2
A green microorganism soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of compound microbial agent, 40 parts of polyacrylamide, 25 parts of compound glycerol distillation residue solution, 40 parts of catkin and 20 parts of waste coal slag.
The compound microbial agent is prepared from candida utilis, lactobacillus cellobiosus, aroma-like aroma bacteria, providencia rettgeri and lactobacillus delbrueckii according to the weight ratio of 1: 1: 2.5: 0.8: 1.8 in weight ratio.
The number of viable bacteria of the candida utilis is 5-8 multiplied by 109Per gram; the viable count of the Lactobacillus cellobiosus is 1-9 × 108Per gram; the number of viable bacteria of the aroma-like aroma bacteria is 1-5 × 108The number of viable bacteria of providencia rettgeri is 1-9 × 1010Per gram; the viable count of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii is 1-9 × 108Per gram.
The mass concentration of the composite glycerol distillation residue solution is 50%.
The composite glycerol distillation residue solution is prepared from glycerol distillation residue solution and sodium lignosulfonate according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.3 by weight ratio.
A preparation method of a green microorganism soil conditioner is prepared by the following steps:
1) the waste coal cinder is soaked for 2 hours by water spraying, and is crushed to 90 meshes after being dried to obtain waste coal cinder powder;
2) uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent, the compound glycerol distillation residue solution, the catkin and the waste coal slag, and naturally stacking and fermenting for 1-2 times every day to obtain a fermented product;
3) naturally drying the fermented product until the water content is less than 20%, adding polyacrylamide, mixing uniformly, and subpackaging to obtain the green microbial soil conditioner.
The fermentation temperature is 40 ℃, and the fermentation time is 8 days.
Example 3
A green microorganism soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of compound microbial agent, 30 parts of polyacrylamide, 30 parts of compound glycerol distillation residue solution, 50 parts of catkin and 15 parts of waste coal slag.
The compound microbial agent is prepared from candida utilis, lactobacillus cellobiosus, aroma-like aroma bacteria, providencia rettgeri and lactobacillus delbrueckii according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.2: 2: 1: 2 in a weight ratio.
The number of viable bacteria of the candida utilis is 5-8 multiplied by 109Per gram; the viable count of the Lactobacillus cellobiosus is 1-9 × 108Per gram; the number of viable bacteria of the aroma-like aroma bacteria is 1-5 × 108The number of viable bacteria of providencia rettgeri is 1-9 × 1010Per gram; the viable count of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii is 1-9 × 108Per gram.
The mass concentration of the composite glycerol distillation residue solution is 50%.
The composite glycerol distillation residue solution is prepared from glycerol distillation residue solution and sodium lignosulfonate according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.3 by weight ratio.
A preparation method of a green microorganism soil conditioner is prepared by the following steps:
1) the waste coal cinder is soaked for 3 hours by water spraying, and is crushed to 80 meshes after being dried to obtain waste coal cinder powder;
2) uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent, the compound glycerol distillation residue solution, the catkin and the waste coal slag, and naturally stacking and fermenting for 1-2 times every day to obtain a fermented product;
3) naturally drying the fermented product until the water content is less than 20%, adding polyacrylamide, mixing uniformly, and subpackaging to obtain the green microbial soil conditioner.
The fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10 days.
Influence on physicochemical property of soil
The test is carried out in a tomato shed in a pollution-free vegetable demonstration garden in southern village of the flatness city. The tomato variety is Haoweite (made in America), the basic condition of soil quality of a test cell is 6 years of shed age, and the shed area is 600m2And the tomatoes are planted in the field in 1 day at 9 months, and the planting mode is ridge planting. The experiment was divided into 5 treatments, each of which was randomly arranged with 3 repeating cells. The 5 treatments were: blank control group: applying base fertilizer before planting, not topdressing at later stage, and spraying 500L/hm during treatment2The clear water of (2); normal control group: applying base fertilizer before field planting, and topdressing once in the middle growth stage; modifier treatment groups 1-3: the green microbial soil conditioner prepared in examples 1-3 was used in conjunction with the base fertilizer before planting (surface spraying, dilution with 600 times of water before spraying, treatment capacity of 15L/hm)2) And then, topdressing is carried out once in the middle growth stage. And performing daily management in the field according to habits. After the harvest period, the soil was collected and the basic physicochemical properties thereof were measured, and the results are shown in table 1. A cutting ring method is applied to the volume weight of soil, a potential method is applied to the pH value, a potassium dichromate volumetric method is applied to organic matters, a molybdenum blue colorimetric method is applied to quick-acting phosphorus, and a sodium tetraphenylborate turbidimetric method is applied to quick-acting potassium.
TABLE 1 Effect on the physicochemical Properties of the soil
As can be seen from Table 1, the application of the green microbial soil conditioner of the invention can significantly reduce the volume weight of the soil, significantly increase the porosity of the soil, effectively improve the acidity of the soil, increase the content of organic matters in the soil and increase the amount of available phosphorus and potassium.
Influence on soil-borne diseases
The test is carried out in an arched shed of a certain vegetable base in the Linyi city, orchid and mountain areas. The experiment was set to 3 treatments, (1) control: treating with equal amount of clear water; (2) 300 times treatment group: diluting 300 times of the green microorganism soil conditioner prepared in the example 2; (3) 600 treatment groups: the green microbial soil conditioner prepared in example 2 was diluted 600 times, 3 replicates per treatment, and had a cell area of 24m2. The cucumber is Jinchun No. 2. Root irrigation is carried out once after the seedlings of the cucumbers are transplanted and delayed, then root irrigation is carried out once every 30 days, the occurrence condition of the blight of the greenhouse is investigated 90 days, 120 days and 150 days after treatment, the disease rate and the disease index of each treatment are investigated, and the disease grading standard is 5 grades: the 0-grade whole plant is disease-free; the 1-grade whole plant has 25% or less leaf diseases; 25% -50% of the leaf of the 2-grade whole plant is attacked; more than 50% of leaves of the 3-grade whole plant are attacked; grade 4 died due to disease. The results of the examination are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect on soil-borne diseases
As can be seen from Table 2, the green microbial soil conditioner diluted 300 times and 600 times can effectively control the incidence rate and incidence degree of cucumber fusarium wilt.
Influence on plant growth and fruit quality
The test is carried out in a certain non-polluted vegetable demonstration garden in Linyi city, Lanling county, the shed area is 480m2The experiment was set to 3 treatments: control group (250-300 mL/root drenched with clear water), 300 times treated group (300 times diluted root drenched with green microbial soil conditioner prepared in example 2) and 600 times treated group (600 times diluted root drenched with green microbial soil conditioner prepared in example 2), each group treated in triplicate. The tomato variety is niceristat and is transplanted in 8 months and 9 daysRoot irrigation is carried out once in 7 days at 9 months, then root irrigation is carried out once every 30 days, plant height and photosynthetic efficiency are measured in 15 days at 10 months, quality of the tomato fruits with consistent maturity is randomly selected from the treatment and the control respectively in the fruiting middle period at 24 days at 11 months, and yield of the tomato fruits is calculated after the harvest period is finished, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect on plant growth and fruit quality
As can be seen from Table 3, the green microbial soil conditioner provided by the invention significantly improves the plant height of plants, enhances the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves, not only significantly improves the single fruit weight and fruiting rate of tomatoes and increases the yield, but also significantly increases the content of soluble sugar, Vc and lycopene in fruits, reduces the content of total acid and starch, and effectively improves the quality of tomatoes.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The green microbial soil conditioner is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of compound microbial agent, 30-50 parts of polyacrylamide, 20-30 parts of compound glycerol distillation residue solution, 30-50 parts of catkin and 15-25 parts of waste coal slag;
the compound microbial agent is prepared from candida utilis, lactobacillus cellobiosus, aroma-like flavor bacteria, providencia rettgeri and lactobacillus delbrueckii according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.8-1.2: 2-3: 0.5-1: 1.5-2 by weight;
the composite glycerol distillation residue solution is prepared from glycerol distillation residue solution and sodium lignin sulfonate according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.2-0.3 by weight ratio.
2. The green microbial soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein said Candida utilis viable bacteriaThe number is 5-8 × 109Per gram; the viable count of the Lactobacillus cellobiosus is 1-9 × 108Per gram; the number of viable bacteria of the aroma-like aroma bacteria is 1-5 × 108The number of viable bacteria of providencia rettgeri is 1-9 × 1010Per gram; the viable count of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii is 1-9 × 108Per gram.
3. The green microbial soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the composite glycerin distillation residue solution is 50%.
4. A method for preparing a green microbial soil conditioner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the waste coal cinder is soaked for 2 to 3 hours by water spraying, and is crushed to 80 to 100 meshes after being dried to obtain waste coal cinder powder;
2) uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent, the compound glycerol distillation residue solution, the catkin and the waste coal slag, and naturally stacking and fermenting for 1-2 times every day to obtain a fermented product;
3) naturally drying the fermented product until the water content is less than 20%, adding polyacrylamide, mixing uniformly, and subpackaging to obtain the green microbial soil conditioner.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the fermentation temperature is 30 to 50 ℃ and the fermentation time is 5 to 10 days.
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| CN112011487B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-12-21 | 河南农业大学 | Aroma-like bacterial strain C40 capable of degrading phenol and having growth promoting function and application thereof |
| CN112358984B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-09-14 | 淮阴师范学院 | Biocontrol strain YW-1 and preparation and application of biocontrol microbial inoculum thereof |
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| CN103980068A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-08-13 | 郑桂侠 | Special fertilizer for flowers and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103449927A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 李旭东 | Organic biological multi-element plant nutrient polymer and production method thereof |
| CN103980068A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-08-13 | 郑桂侠 | Special fertilizer for flowers and preparation method thereof |
| CN104230589A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-12-24 | 合肥四方磷复肥有限责任公司 | Soil improvement biofertilizer and preparation method of soil improvement biofertilizer |
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