CN104016807A - Special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of manure, and in particular relates to special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic and a production method for the special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic. The special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic comprises the following components: furfural residue, mushroom bran, composite microbial agent, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate, plant ash, potassium sulfate, animal manure, potassium humate, rice hull powder and rape seed cakes. The special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic, prepared by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, contains a large amount of nutrients required for the growth of garlic and various trace elements and amino acids, and has the effects of efficiently, synergistically and enduringly improving soil, improving the fertility, resisting diseases and the like; in addition, soil probiotic floras are added into organic matters, so that the nutrients can be better absorbed and utilized, and the micro-ecological environment of the soil can be continually repaired. Through testing, the special organic microbial bacterial manure for garlic, disclosed by the invention, can be used for effectively improving the yield of garlic by 20-30%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, be specifically related to the special organic microbial fertilizer of a kind of garlic, also relate to the production method of the special organic microbial fertilizer of this garlic.
Background technology
The irritant smell of garlic, edible or confession seasoning, can not be used as medicine, and has antitumous effect, liked by masses.Garlic has effect of strong disinfecting, anti-curing oncoma and cancer, all right toxin-expelling intestine-cleaning, and control cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, preventing cold, antifatigue, anti-ageing, antianaphylaxis, improves metabolism, and garlic also has certain effect to reducing hypertension.
Garlic is responsive to rich water reaction, has the distinguishing feature of happiness fertilizer, resistance to fertilizer.Mainly there is following problem in China's planting garlic at present: due to continuous cropping plantation for many years, some plot continuous cropping is for many decades, and a little less than soil fertility attenuation, and the soil-borne disease bacterium of infringement garlic is cumulative, causes disease and pest serious year by year; In addition, along with the raising of planting garlic level, the increase of Garlic yield, garlic farmers' ubiquity in the time of planting garlic is blindly used chemical fertilizer, does not execute or Shaoshi fertilizer, cause soil productivity to decline, the phenomenon such as harden, planting garlic year after year also makes soil-borne disease in soil, insect pest increase year by year, and garlic farmers' planting cost is improved year by year, the plantation income that has affected garlic farmers, also affects the output of garlic and the quality of garlic simultaneously.Above problem causes the anti-adversity of garlic progressively to reduce, and causes the underproduction reduction of income.
If garlic sowing is early, and temperature is higher, cause the seeding stage to extend, a little less than causing garlic bolt to occur seedling, root system is undeveloped, and root dish rots, and it is yellow that root system is rust, and new root is few, the phenomenon that an overground part 2-3 blade is rotten.
Therefore, need to improve for above-mentioned garlic fertilizer, invention one can effectively provide fertility to garlic, and can not cause soil
For this reason, the present invention, taking organic matter as main component, is meeting on the nutritional needs basis of garlic completely, also add complex micro organism fungicide, three bacterial classification compatibilities use, and mainly play phosphorus decomposing, fixed nitrogen and strengthen effect of soil fertility, can significantly improve Garlic yield and product quality.Adopt microbial-bacterial fertilizer can solve the fertility of soil and the problem that hardens, and can increase fertilizer efficiency.
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer refers to the particular formulations that a class contains live microorganism, be applied in agriculture production, can obtain specific fertilizer effect, in recent years, many countries start to be devoted to screening and utilize biotechnology development of new microbial fertilizer, many countries have all set up industry or the national standard of oneself, and corresponding product quality inspection supervisory organ.The research of China's microbial fertilizer is applied with the same in the world, applying rhizobium inoculant from leguminous plants starts, originally only have soybean and peanut nodule microbial inoculum, the fifties, introduce azotobacter, phosphorus bacteria and silicate bacteria agent from the former Soviet Union, be called bacterial fertilizer, promote the use of again " 5406 " antibiotic bacteria fertilizer and fixed nitrogen blue-green algae fertilizer that actinomycetes are made the sixties; 70-80 mid-nineties 90, VA mycorhiza begins one's study again, the mid-80 is to the nineties, in agriculture production again sequential use combination azotobacter and biological potassium fertilizer as seed dressing, applied again in recent years and make base manure by vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria, potassium bacterium and the compounded bio-feritlizer of fertilizer and use, introduced in a large number enzymatic microorganism, EM flora preparation, part scientific research institutions have developed new bio bacterial manure simultaneously.China's microbial fertilizer growth momentum is fine at present, substantially formed microbial fertilizer industry, approximately there are 1000 enterprises, annual production reaches 8,000,000 tons, form gradually the important member in fertilizer family, and product category is various, microbial fertilizer uses bacterial classification class class to reach 90 kinds more than, simultaneously, result of use is approved by users such as peasants gradually, application surface accumulation meter reaches 200,000,000 mu, quality mind starts to be rooted in the hearts of the people, quality inspection system begins to take shape, minority product starts to enter world market, national industrial policies have given certain attention and support to the development of industry, project verification in the construction of fund of scientific research supporting dynamics and production demonstration project is all unprecedented.
But do not have a kind of microbial-bacterial fertilizer being applied in planting garlic, need to invent a kind of microbial-bacterial fertilizer being applied in planting garlic, increase soil fertility, improve Garlic yield and quality.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind ofly improved soil fertility, make garlic production promoting reach 20-30%'s and also effectively preventing the disease of garlic, improve the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic of garlic resistance against diseases;
The present invention also provides the preparation method of the above-mentioned special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic.
The special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic, this microbial-bacterial fertilizer comprises the component of following portions by weight:
Furfural dregs 45.62 bacterium chaffs 8.36
Complex micro organism fungicide 2.68 bicarbonate of ammonia 7.23
Calcium superphosphate 6.44 Repone K 16.28
Zinc sulfate 0.78 plant ash 14.27
Potassium sulfate 11.48 animal manures 12.68
Potassium humate 3.45 powdered rice hulls 5.89
Rapeseed cake 6.28;
Above-mentioned powdered rice hulls is that powdered rice hulls is broken to 20-40 object powdered rice hulls.
Above-mentioned animal manure is the mixture of cow dung, chicken manure and pig manure, and the water content of cow dung is 5-10%, and the water content of chicken manure is 4-8%, and the water content of pig manure is 6-12%, and the weight ratio of cow dung, chicken manure and pig manure is 3:1:4.
Above-mentioned bacterium chaff is button mushroom chaff, and the parts by weight of button mushroom chaff are 4.96.
Above-mentioned bacterial manure also comprises 1.15 parts of kuh-seng slags, and the fineness of kuh-seng slag is 20 orders.Adding of kuh-seng slag, be conducive to improve the disease resistance ability of garlic.
Above-mentioned complex micro organism fungicide is inoculated respectively by subtilis, bacillus megaterium and yeast, and through liquid nutrient medium activation, last combination drying obtains complex micro organism fungicide;
The concrete preparation process of complex micro organism fungicide is as follows:
(1) single microorganism microbial inoculum preparation:
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent preparation: Bacillus subtilis strain is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, fermention medium is: starch 0.2-0.8%, yeast extract paste 0.01-0.06%, dregs of beans 0.2-0.8%, urea 0.1-0.4%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.8%, potassium primary phosphate 0.1-0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.15%, manganous sulfate 0.006-0.012%, pH6.8-7.2, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 0.9-1.1:0.5, culture temperature 35-40 DEG C, stir revolution 100-200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value is not less than 6.5, stir culture 6-8 hour, make viable bacteria content reach 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, 45-50 DEG C of forced air drying of bacterium mud is to water content 25-35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverizes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder,
Bacillus megaterium bacterium solution preparation: cultural method is liquid submerged fermentation, is inoculated into sterilizing triangular flask by fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterial classification, and fermention medium is: starch 0.2-0.8%, glucose 0.2-0.8%, yeast extract paste 0.01-0.06%, manganous sulfate 0.005-0.015%, VB12 0.005-0.015%, pH6.8-7.2, fermentation condition: culture temperature 32-38 DEG C, stirs revolution 100-200rpm, and pH value is 7.0-7.4, stir culture 8-12 hour, viable bacteria content reached 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, 45-50 DEG C of forced air drying of bacterium mud is to water content 25-35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverizes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
Yeast microbial inoculum preparation: yeast bacterial classification is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, fermention medium is: yam starch 20%, glucose 1-3%, corn steep liquor 0.5-2%, pH6.8-7.2, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 0.9-1.1:0.5, culture temperature 28-30 DEG C, stirs revolution 100-200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value is not less than 6.5, and stir culture 3d makes viable bacteria content reach 10
8pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, 45-50 DEG C of forced air drying of bacterium mud is to water content 25-35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverizes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
(2) complex micro organism fungicide preparation:
By single microbial inoculum obtained above in subtilis: bacillus megaterium: the ratio that the mass ratio of yeast microbial inoculum is 6:3:1 is mixed, and obtains complex micro organism fungicide.
The special organic microbial fertilizer its preparation method of garlic, its concrete steps are as follows:
By the furfural dregs of 45.62 parts of raw materials, the bacterium chaff of 8.36 parts, the bicarbonate of ammonia of 7.23 parts, the calcium superphosphate of 6.44 parts, 16.28 the Repone K of part, the zinc sulfate of 0.78 part, 14.27 the plant ash of part, 11.48 the potassium sulfate of part, 12.68 the animal manure of part, the potassium humate of 3.45 parts, the powdered rice hulls of 5.89 parts, the rapeseed cake of 6.28 parts, after the kuh-seng slag of 1.15 parts mixes in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, the water that adds 80 parts mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution, mix with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of described complex micro organism fungicide are 2.68 parts, mixing fertilizer is stacked to the 2-3 days that ferments in 37 DEG C of greenhouses, turn upside down every day 1 time, stack again and within 3-4 days, ferment to 45 DEG C, obtain the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic.
In the special organic microbial fertilizer its preparation method of garlic, the preparation method of microbiobacterial agent is preferably as follows:
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent preparation: Bacillus subtilis strain is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, and fermention medium is: starch 0.6%, yeast extract paste 0.04%, dregs of beans 0.5%, urea 0.3%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%, potassium primary phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,37 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value and is not less than 6.5, stir culture 7 hours, makes viable bacteria content reach 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 48 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 25-35%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
Bacillus megaterium bacterium solution preparation: cultural method is liquid submerged fermentation, is inoculated into sterilizing triangular flask by fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterial classification, and fermention medium is: starch 0.5%, glucose 0.5%, yeast extract paste 0.03%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, VB12 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: 35 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, pH value is 7.2, stir culture 10 hours, viable bacteria content reaches 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
Yeast microbial inoculum preparation: yeast bacterial classification is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, fermention medium is: yam starch 20%, glucose 2%, corn steep liquor 1%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,29 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value is 6.8, and stir culture 3d makes viable bacteria content reach 10
8pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
Its nutritive ingredient equilibrium of bacterial manure of the present invention, meets Garlic Growth nutritional requirement completely.Concrete beneficial effect is as follows:
(1) can effectively promote soil fertility by evidence, make its root growth vigorous, excellent product quality, volume increase 20-30%.The principle that produces above beneficial effect is: the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic that adopts the method to produce, taking furfural dregs and bisporous mushroom slag as raw material, nutritive ingredient equilibrium, and be rich in various trace elements, the sustainable nutrient that provides absorbed for the Garlic Growth phase.And microbiobacterial agent in the present invention adopted there is the subtilis of nitrogen fixation, the bacillus megaterium of phosphate solubilization, and can significantly strengthen the yeast bacterial strain of soil fertility.The compound bacterial fertilizer that adds this microbiobacterial agent is directly applied to around garlic root, degradable nitrogen phosphorus potassium is small-molecule substance, is beneficial to root system and better absorbs, and effectively improve the micro-ecological environment of soil, by growth competition restraining effect, can also reduce the disease and pest sickness rate of garlic.In the present invention, be aided with kuh-seng slag, further improve the resistance against diseases of garlic;
(2) adopt the fertilizer plantation garlic of this invention, garlic does not fall seedling;
(3) head of garlic is large, and weight increases, well-balanced; Than the mixing fertilizer of using common composite fertilizer and farm manure, use the bacterial manure of the present invention of identical weight, the head of garlic is wanted large 20% left and right, and its weight will increase by 15% left and right;
(4) improve Soil structure, eliminated soil compaction, stimulate crop root growth, reduce fertilizer amount and reach 35 left and right.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described, so that those skilled in the art more understands the present invention, but does not therefore limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic, comprises following step:
By the furfural dregs of 45.62 parts of raw materials, the bacterium chaff of 8.36 parts, the bicarbonate of ammonia of 7.23 parts, the calcium superphosphate of 6.44 parts, 16.28 the Repone K of part, the zinc sulfate of 0.78 part, 14.27 the plant ash of part, 11.48 the potassium sulfate of part, 12.68 the animal manure of part, the potassium humate of 3.45 parts, the powdered rice hulls of 5.89 parts, the rapeseed cake of 6.28 parts, after the kuh-seng slag of 1.15 parts mixes in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, the water that adds 80 parts mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution, mix with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of complex micro organism fungicide are 2.68 parts, mixing fertilizer is stacked to the 2-3 days that ferments in 37 DEG C of greenhouses, turn upside down every day 1 time, stack again and within 3-4 days, ferment to 45 DEG C, obtain the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic.
Wherein the preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide is as follows:
(1) preparation of single microorganism microbial inoculum:
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent preparation: Bacillus subtilis strain is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, and fermention medium is: starch 0.6%, yeast extract paste 0.04%, dregs of beans 0.5%, urea 0.3%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%, potassium primary phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,37 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value and is not less than 6.5, stir culture 7 hours, makes viable bacteria content reach 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 48 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 25-35%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
Bacillus megaterium bacterium solution preparation: cultural method is liquid submerged fermentation, is inoculated into sterilizing triangular flask by fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterial classification, and fermention medium is: starch 0.5%, glucose 0.5%, yeast extract paste 0.03%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, VB12 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: 35 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, pH value is 7.2, stir culture 10 hours, viable bacteria content reaches 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
Yeast microbial inoculum preparation: yeast bacterial classification is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, fermention medium is: yam starch 20%, glucose 2%, corn steep liquor 1%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,29 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value is 6.8, and stir culture 3d makes viable bacteria content reach 10
8pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
(2) complex micro organism fungicide preparation:
By single microbial inoculum obtained above in subtilis: bacillus megaterium: the ratio that the mass ratio of yeast microbial inoculum is 6:3:1 is mixed, and obtains complex micro organism fungicide.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic, comprises following step:
By the furfural dregs of 45.62 parts of raw materials, the bacterium chaff of 8.36 parts, the bicarbonate of ammonia of 7.23 parts, the calcium superphosphate of 6.44 parts, 16.28 the Repone K of part, the zinc sulfate of 0.78 part, 14.27 the plant ash of part, 11.48 the potassium sulfate of part, 12.68 the animal manure of part, the potassium humate of 3.45 parts, the powdered rice hulls of 5.89 parts, the rapeseed cake of 6.28 parts, after the kuh-seng slag of 1.15 parts mixes in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, the water that adds 80 parts mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution, mix with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of described complex micro organism fungicide are 2.68 parts, mixing fertilizer is stacked to the 2-3 days that ferments in 37 DEG C of greenhouses, turn upside down every day 1 time, stack again and within 3-4 days, ferment to 45 DEG C, obtain the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic.
Complex micro organism fungicide comprises bacillus subtilis microbial agent and bacillus megaterium, and the mass ratio of bacillus subtilis microbial agent and bacillus megaterium is 6:4; Both preparation methods are with embodiment 1; Both add total amount identical with the total amount of three kinds of complex micro organism fungicides in embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic, comprises following step:
By the furfural dregs of 45.62 parts of raw materials, the bacterium chaff of 8.36 parts, the bicarbonate of ammonia of 7.23 parts, the calcium superphosphate of 6.44 parts, 16.28 the Repone K of part, the zinc sulfate of 0.78 part, 14.27 the plant ash of part, 11.48 the potassium sulfate of part, 12.68 the animal manure of part, the potassium humate of 3.45 parts, the powdered rice hulls of 5.89 parts, the rapeseed cake of 6.28 parts, after the kuh-seng slag of 1.15 parts mixes in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, the water that adds 80 parts mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution, mix with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of complex micro organism fungicide are 2.68 parts, mixing fertilizer is stacked to the 2-3 days that ferments in 37 DEG C of greenhouses, turn upside down every day 1 time, stack again and within 3-4 days, ferment to 45 DEG C, obtain the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic.
The preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide is as follows:
Bacillus natto microbial inoculum preparation: bacillus natto bacterial classification is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, and fermention medium is: starch 0.6%, yeast extract paste 0.04%, dregs of beans 0.5%, urea 0.3%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%, potassium primary phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,37 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value and is not less than 6.5, stir culture 7 hours, makes viable bacteria content reach 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 48 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 25-35%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
Bacillus megaterium bacterium solution preparation: cultural method is liquid submerged fermentation, is inoculated into sterilizing triangular flask by fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterial classification, and fermention medium is: starch 0.5%, glucose 0.5%, yeast extract paste 0.03%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, VB12 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: 35 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, pH value is not less than 7.0, stir culture 10 hours, viable bacteria content reaches 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, 45-50 DEG C of forced air drying of bacterium mud is to water content 25-35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverizes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
Yeast microbial inoculum preparation: yeast bacterial classification is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, fermention medium is: yam starch 20%, glucose 2%, corn steep liquor 1%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,29 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value is 6.8, and stir culture 3d makes viable bacteria content reach 10
8pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
By single microbial inoculum obtained above in bacillus natto microbial inoculum: bacillus megaterium: the ratio that the mass ratio of yeast microbial inoculum is 6:3:1 is mixed, and obtains complex micro organism fungicide.
Comparative example 3
By the furfural dregs of 45.62 parts of raw materials, the bacterium chaff of 8.36 parts, the bicarbonate of ammonia of 7.23 parts, the calcium superphosphate of 6.44 parts, 16.28 the Repone K of part, the zinc sulfate of 0.78 part, 14.27 the plant ash of part, 11.48 the potassium sulfate of part, 12.68 the animal manure of part, the potassium humate of 3.45 parts, the powdered rice hulls of 5.89 parts, the rapeseed cake of 6.28 parts, after the kuh-seng slag of 1.15 parts mixes in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, the water that adds 80 parts mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution, mix with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of complex micro organism fungicide are 2.68 parts, mixing fertilizer is stacked to the 2-3 days that ferments in 37 DEG C of greenhouses, turn upside down every day 1 time, stack again and within 3-4 days, ferment to 45 DEG C, obtain the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic.
Bacillus megaterium bacterium solution preparation: cultural method is liquid submerged fermentation, is inoculated into sterilizing triangular flask by fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterial classification, and fermention medium is: starch 0.5%, glucose 0.5%, yeast extract paste 0.03%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, VB12 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: 35 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, pH value is 7.2, stir culture 10 hours, viable bacteria content reaches 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
Yeast microbial inoculum preparation: yeast bacterial classification is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, fermention medium is: yam starch 20%, glucose 2%, corn steep liquor 1%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,29 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value is 6.8, and stir culture 3d makes viable bacteria content reach 10
8pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
By single microbial inoculum obtained above in bacillus megaterium bacterium liquid: bacillus megaterium: the ratio that the mass ratio of yeast microbial inoculum is 6:4 is mixed, and obtains complex micro organism fungicide.
The result that embodiment 1, comparative example 1,2,3 threes' fertilizer efficiency is compared is as follows:
CK is blank sample, does not use the sample of any fertilizer.
In embodiment 1, complex micro organism fungicide: bacillus subtilis microbial agent+bacillus megaterium+yeast microbial inoculum;
In comparative example 1, complex micro organism fungicide: bacillus subtilis microbial agent+bacillus megaterium;
In comparative example 2, complex micro organism fungicide: bacillus natto microbial inoculum+bacillus megaterium+yeast microbial inoculum;
In comparative example 3, complex micro organism fungicide: bacillus megaterium bacterium liquid+yeast microbial inoculum;
In 4 groups of above-mentioned examples, the consumption of complex micro organism fungicide is all identical;
Choose same piece of land, be divided into 4, use respectively the fertilizer of embodiment 1, comparative example 1,2,3, its amount of application and time of application are all identical, and check sample is not used any fertilizer, and it is compared as follows:
The impact of each case on Garlic yield and plant strain growth
Can find out from above contrast, use the garlic growing under the fertilizer of embodiment 1, its output is all higher than CK, comparative example 1-3, the garlic disease incidence of embodiment 1 is minimum, is only 2%, and invertion rate of green plants is 0.5%, above data and comparative illustration, although comparative example 1-3 has also adopted composite microbic bacterial fertilizer, the combination of different microorganisms bacterial manure is larger for the Influence of production of garlic.
About microbial-bacterial fertilizer, kind is a lot of on the market, compound its contained active bacterium difference of various microbial inoculums, and the mechanism of action between them is comparatively complicated, after some bacterial classifications are compound, there is synergy for certain effect, and the compound growth for certain crop of some bacterial classifications is inhibited; In like manner, the composite fungus agent of certain several bacterial classification composition has useful effect for the growth of certain crop, and may not there is useful effect for the growth of another kind of crop, for example, these three kinds of microbial inoculums of bacillus subtilis microbial agent+bacillus megaterium+yeast microbial inoculum in the application have synergy for the growth of garlic, can improve the output of garlic, and can also effectively suppress the disease incidence of garlic, if but above-mentioned complex micro organism fungicide is applied to other crop, for example peanut, Ipomoea batatas, its effect is not applied to garlic ideal.
Below use data declaration:
The bacterial manure of embodiment 1 is applied to Ipomoea batatas, remembers case A;
Fertilizer in embodiment 1 is removed to microbiobacterial agent, retain other composition, be applied to Ipomoea batatas, be denoted as case B;
Case A, case B topographical condition identical, amount of application is also identical, Ipomoea batatas kind is identical, only different be in case A, to have added microbiobacterial agent;
In the time gathering in the crops, case A has more 5 kilograms than the per mu yield of case B; Substantially suitable;
Case A suitable with disease incidence case B; Visible complex microbial inoculum is suppressing not have obvious effect aspect the disease incidence of Ipomoea batatas.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic, comprises following step:
By the furfural dregs of 45.62 parts of raw materials, the bacterium chaff of 8.36 parts, the bicarbonate of ammonia of 7.23 parts, the calcium superphosphate of 6.44 parts, 16.28 the Repone K of part, the zinc sulfate of 0.78 part, 14.27 the plant ash of part, 11.48 the potassium sulfate of part, 12.68 the animal manure of part, the potassium humate of 3.45 parts, the powdered rice hulls of 5.89 parts, after the rapeseed cake of 6.28 parts mixes in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, the water that adds 80 parts mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution, mix with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of described complex micro organism fungicide are 2.68 parts, mixing fertilizer is stacked to the 2-3 days that ferments in 37 DEG C of greenhouses, turn upside down every day 1 time, stack again and within 3-4 days, ferment to 45 DEG C, obtain the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic.
Wherein the preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide is as follows:
(1) preparation of single microorganism microbial inoculum:
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent preparation: Bacillus subtilis strain is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, and fermention medium is: starch 0.6%, yeast extract paste 0.04%, dregs of beans 0.5%, urea 0.3%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%, potassium primary phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,37 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value and is not less than 6.5, stir culture 7 hours, makes viable bacteria content reach 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 48 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 25-35%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
Bacillus megaterium bacterium solution preparation: cultural method is liquid submerged fermentation, is inoculated into sterilizing triangular flask by fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterial classification, and fermention medium is: starch 0.5%, glucose 0.5%, yeast extract paste 0.03%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, VB12 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: 35 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, pH value is 7.2, stir culture 10 hours, viable bacteria content reaches 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
Yeast microbial inoculum preparation: yeast bacterial classification is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, fermention medium is: yam starch 20%, glucose 2%, corn steep liquor 1%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,29 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value is 6.8, and stir culture 3d makes viable bacteria content reach 10
8pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
(2) complex micro organism fungicide preparation:
By single microbial inoculum obtained above in subtilis: bacillus megaterium: the ratio that the mass ratio of yeast microbial inoculum is 6:3:1 is mixed, and obtains complex micro organism fungicide.
Compared with embodiment 1, in embodiment 2, do not add sophora flavescens ait slag, remaining condition is identical, and the output of garlic is 1,276 thousand grams/acre, and disease incidence is 6%, exceeds 4 percentage points than embodiment 1; Visible, kuh-seng its effect in the disease process that suppresses garlic is remarkable.
Claims (9)
1. the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic, is characterized in that, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer comprises the component of following portions by weight:
Furfural dregs 45.62 bacterium chaffs 8.36
Complex micro organism fungicide 2.68 bicarbonate of ammonia 7.23
Calcium superphosphate 6.44 Repone K 16.28
Zinc sulfate 0.78 plant ash 14.27
Potassium sulfate 11.48 animal manures 12.68
Potassium humate 3.45 powdered rice hulls 5.89
Rapeseed cake 6.28;
Described powdered rice hulls is that rice husk is through being crushed to 20-40 object powdered rice hulls.
2. the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described animal manure is the mixture of cow dung, chicken manure and pig manure, the water content of described cow dung is 5-10%, the water content of chicken manure is 4-8%, the water content of pig manure is 6-12%, and the weight ratio of described cow dung, chicken manure and pig manure is 3:1:4.
3. the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described bacterium chaff is button mushroom chaff, and the parts by weight of described button mushroom chaff are 4.96.
4. the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described bacterial manure also comprises 1.15 parts of kuh-seng slags, and the fineness of described kuh-seng slag is 20 orders.
5. the special organic microbial fertilizer of a kind of garlic as described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, described complex micro organism fungicide is inoculated respectively by subtilis, bacillus megaterium and yeast, and through liquid nutrient medium activation, last combination drying obtains complex micro organism fungicide;
The concrete preparation process of described complex micro organism fungicide is as follows:
(1) single microorganism microbial inoculum preparation:
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent preparation: Bacillus subtilis strain is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, fermention medium is: starch 0.2-0.8%, yeast extract paste 0.01-0.06%, dregs of beans 0.2-0.8%, urea 0.1-0.4%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.8%, potassium primary phosphate 0.1-0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.15%, manganous sulfate 0.006-0.012%, pH6.8-7.2, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 0.9-1.1:0.5, culture temperature 35-40 DEG C, stir revolution 100-200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value is not less than 6.5, stir culture 6-8 hour, make viable bacteria content reach 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, 45-50 DEG C of forced air drying of bacterium mud is to water content 25-35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverizes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder,
Bacillus megaterium bacterium solution preparation: cultural method is liquid submerged fermentation, is inoculated into sterilizing triangular flask by fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterial classification, and fermention medium is: starch 0.2-0.8%, glucose 0.2-0.8%, yeast extract paste 0.01-0.06%, manganous sulfate 0.005-0.015%, VB12 0.005-0.015%, pH6.8-7.2, fermentation condition: culture temperature 32-38 DEG C, stirs revolution 100-200rpm, and pH value is 7.0-7.4, stir culture 8-12 hour, viable bacteria content reached 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, 45-50 DEG C of forced air drying of bacterium mud is to water content 25-35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverizes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
Yeast microbial inoculum preparation: yeast bacterial classification is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, fermention medium is: yam starch 20%, glucose 1-3%, corn steep liquor 0.5-2%, pH6.8-7.2, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 0.9-1.1:0.5, culture temperature 28-30 DEG C, stirs revolution 100-200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value is not less than 6.5, and stir culture 3d makes viable bacteria content reach 10
8pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, 45-50 DEG C of forced air drying of bacterium mud is to water content 25-35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverizes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
(2) complex micro organism fungicide preparation:
By single microbial inoculum obtained above in subtilis: bacillus megaterium: the ratio that the mass ratio of yeast microbial inoculum is 6:3:1 is mixed, and obtains complex micro organism fungicide.
6. the special organic microbial fertilizer its preparation method of a kind of garlic as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described bacterial manure its preparation method is as follows:
By the furfural dregs of 45.62 parts of raw materials, the bacterium chaff of 8.36 parts, the bicarbonate of ammonia of 7.23 parts, the calcium superphosphate of 6.44 parts, 16.28 the Repone K of part, the zinc sulfate of 0.78 part, 14.27 the plant ash of part, 11.48 the potassium sulfate of part, 12.68 the animal manure of part, the potassium humate of 3.45 parts, the powdered rice hulls of 5.89 parts, the rapeseed cake of 6.28 parts, after the kuh-seng slag of 1.15 parts mixes in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, the water that adds 80 parts mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution, mix with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of described complex micro organism fungicide are 2.68 parts, mixing fertilizer is stacked to the 2-3 days that ferments in 37 DEG C of greenhouses, turn upside down every day 1 time, stack again and within 3-4 days, ferment to 45 DEG C, obtain the special organic microbial fertilizer of garlic.
7. the special organic microbial fertilizer its preparation method of a kind of garlic as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described bacterial manure its preparation method is as follows:
Bacillus subtilis microbial agent preparation: Bacillus subtilis strain is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, and fermention medium is: starch 0.6%, yeast extract paste 0.04%, dregs of beans 0.5%, urea 0.3%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%, potassium primary phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,37 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value and is not less than 6.5, stir culture 7 hours, makes viable bacteria content reach 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 48 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 25-35%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
8. the special organic microbial fertilizer its preparation method of a kind of garlic as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described bacillus megaterium bacterium solution preparation: cultural method is liquid submerged fermentation, fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterial classification is inoculated into sterilizing triangular flask, fermention medium is: starch 0.5%, glucose 0.5%, yeast extract paste 0.03%, manganous sulfate 0.01%, VB12 0.01%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: 35 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, pH value is 7.2, stir culture 10 hours, viable bacteria content reaches 10
10pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
9. the special organic microbial fertilizer its preparation method of a kind of garlic as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the preparation of described yeast microbial inoculum: yeast bacterial classification is inoculated in disinfection fermentation tank, fermention medium is: yam starch 20%, glucose 2%, corn steep liquor 1%, pH7.0, fermentation condition: ventilation ratio is initiated with 2:1,29 DEG C of culture temperature, stir revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value is 6.8, and stir culture 3d makes viable bacteria content reach 10
8pfu/ml, obtains fermented liquid and adds Sodium phosphate dibasic and calcium chloride flocculation, and the rear employing filter press mode of having flocculated obtains bacterium mud, and 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to water content 30%, and cyclonic separation bacterium powder, puts into pulverizer and pulverize, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
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| CN110819579A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-02-21 | 中国海洋大学 | Preparation method of solid bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum |
| CN111807910A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-23 | 山西绿丰肥业有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for improving soil fertility and preparation method thereof |
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