CN105967951A

CN105967951A - Organic slow-release fertilizer special for rice

Info

Publication number: CN105967951A
Application number: CN201610315163.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周国礼
Original assignee: ANHUI XINTIANDI BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER Co Ltd
Current assignee: ANHUI XINTIANDI BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-05-14
Filing date: 2016-05-14
Publication date: 2016-09-28

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic slow-release fertilizer special for rice. The organic slow-release fertilizer special for the rice is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 71 to 73 parts of peanut meal, 32 to 34 parts of corn germ meal, 5.2 to 5.4 parts of chestnut shell, 5.7 to 5.9 parts of watermelon peel, 4.1 to 4.3 parts of lychi exocarp, 7.2 to 7.4 parts of semen litchi, 2.1 to 2.3 parts of Chinese hawthorn seed, 14 to 16 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 19 to 21 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15 to 17 parts of potassium carbonate, 8 to 10 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 1.3 to 1.5 parts of anthurium leaf, 3.3 to 3.5 parts of myrtle tree bark, 1.6 to 1.8 parts of myrtle leaf, 0.7 to 0.9 part of fragrant plantain lily leaf, 2.6 to 2.8 parts of catalpa bark, 0.23 to 0.25 part of azospirillum brasilense, 0.17 to 0.19 part of sesbania stem nodule bacteria, and 4.5 to 4.7 parts of lignin. The organic slow-release fertilizer special for the rice provided by the invention is scientific and reasonable in formula, effective nutritional ingredients of the raw materials are integrated with one another, the sufficient absorption and utilization and the conversion of the nutritional ingredients by the rice can be promoted, the drought resistance, the insect resistance and the disease resistance of the rice are effectively enhanced, the seed setting rate of the rice is high, the grains of the rice are full, the soil can be improved, and the fertilizer efficiency is prolonged, so that the thousand seed weight and the yield of the rice are improved.

Description

A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L.

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, especially a kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L..

Background technology

Oryza sativa L., annual aquatic and herbaceous, stalk is upright, and high 0.5-1.5 rice is different with kind；Sheath relaxes, without hair；The tip of a leaf Lanceolar, long 10-25 millimeter, the downward sheath edge that grows up to of both sides base portion, have 2 pieces of crescents and embrace the auricle of stem；Blade wire drapes over one's shoulders pin Shape, long 40 cm, wide about 1 centimetre, without hair, coarse；The large-scale thin exhibition of panicle, is about 30 centimetres, and branch is many, and rib is thick Rough, the period of maturation is turned under hanging down；Small ear contains 1 mature flower, and both sides are very flattened, and long round shape is avette to oval, is about 10 millimeters, wide 2- 4 millimeters；Grain husk is minimum, only leaves semi-moon shaped vestige, degeneration lemma 2 pieces, bore spine shape, long 2-4 millimeter at small ear handle tip；Both sides Fertile flower lemma matter is thick, has 5 arteries and veins, and middle arteries and veins becomes ridge, surface to have grid-like little papilla, ground paper matter, spreads all over fine, soft fur end hair closeer, There is awns or without awns；Glumelle and lemma homogeneity, have 3 arteries and veins, tip point and without beak；6 pieces of stamen, flower pesticide long 2-3 millimeter.

During paddy growth, need substantial amounts of N P and K and various trace element, needed for guaranteeing paddy growth Various nutrient substance, plantation family usually applies various inorganic chemical fertilizer in soil.Although the applying of chemical fertilizer can be expired The demand of foot paddy growth, but due to partially the executing of chemical fertilizer, singly execute and heavy dressing so that soil compaction, soil fertility declines, Subsoil water is contaminated, biological activity declines, soil organic matter content declines, pest and disease damage phenomenon is serious, thus causes the Oryza sativa L. grain of rice Flat little and yield declines.

Summary of the invention

For the problems referred to above, it is desirable to provide a kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L., it is not only able to be effectively improved soil Earth structure, the soil fertility that strengthens, the fertilizer efficiency that extends, and can effectively reduce rice water weevil insect pest rate and rice peony leaf tip blight disease Evil rate, thus improve Oryza sativa L. mass of 1000 kernel and yield.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L., is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 71-73 part, corn germ cake 32- 34 parts, chestnut shell 5.2-5.4 part, Exocarpium Citrulli 5.7-5.9 part, Exocarpium Litchi 4.1-4.3 part, Semen Litchi 7.2-7.4 part, Semen Crataegi 2.1-2.3 part, calcium magnesium phosphate 14-16 part, ammonium sulfate 19-21 part, potassium carbonate 15-17 part, MAP 8-10 part, red palm leaf 1.3-1.5 part, Fructus Rhodomyrti bark 3.3-3.5 part, myrtillin folium 1.6-1.8 part, Flos Hostae Plantagineae floral leaf 0.7-0.9, Catalpa ovata Don. bark 2.6- 2.8 parts, Azospirillum brasilense 0.23-0.25 part, Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria 0.17-0.19 part, lignin 4.5-4.7 part.

As inventing further scheme: the preparation method of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of a kind of Oryza sativa L., concrete including is following Step:

(1) Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor legume inoculation to liquid fermentation medium being mixed 38-40h, cultivation temperature is 27-29 DEG C, Prepare Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria fermentation liquid；Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria fermentation liquid is inoculated into solid fermentation culture medium culturing 33- 35h, cultivation temperature is 30-32 DEG C, puts into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 4200-4300r/min and pulverize 140-150s, mistake after fermentation 125-130 mesh sieve, obtains Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria mycopowder, standby；

(2) Exocarpium Citrulli is placed in the drying baker that temperature is 43-45 DEG C and dries 200-210s, together with Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs and corn germ cake Put into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 6100-6200r/min and pulverize 17-19min, cross 145-150 mesh sieve, with Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria bacterium Powder puts into the mixer mix and blend 7-9min that rotating speed is 25-27r/min together, covers the airtight with plastic film fermentation 210- 220h, stacking thickness is 4.4-4.6cm, period every 50h turning once, after fermentation temperature be 16-18 DEG C, relative humidity be Shakeouing natural air drying under the conditions of 32-34% to moisture is 6.2-6.4%, and spreading thickness is 5.2-5.4mm, standby；

(3) chestnut shell and Exocarpium Litchi are put into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 6400-6500r/min and pulverize 12-14min, cross 135-140 Mesh sieve, obtains shell powder；Semen Litchi and Semen Crataegi are put into the grinder that rotating speed is 8000-8100r/min and grind 20-22min, 155-160 mesh sieve, obtains pit powder；Shell powder and pit powder are put into the mixer mix and blend 11-that rotating speed is 33-35r/min 13min, cover the airtight with plastic film fermentation 300-310h, stacking thickness is 2.3-2.5cm, period every 120h turning once, After fermentation temperature be 18-20 DEG C, relative humidity be 37-39% under the conditions of to shakeout natural air drying to moisture be 6.6-6.8%, Spreading thickness is 3.3-3.5mm, standby；

(4) red palm leaf, myrtillin folium and Flos Hostae Plantagineae floral leaf are put into three's gross weight 7.4-7.6 times amount, temperature is 30-32 DEG C Soaking 115-120min in water, big fire is boiled, and slow fire infusion 45-47min filters and separates, obtains leaf extract and blade slag, leaf The insulation of sheet extracting solution is standby；Fructus Rhodomyrti bark and Catalpa ovata Don. bark put into the frying pan that temperature is 68-70 DEG C stir-fry 270-280s, will Temperature is down to 47-49 DEG C, puts into blade slag and stir-fries 230-240s, puts into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 6400-6500r/min and pulverizes 17-19min, crosses 185-190 mesh sieve, get Pi Ye powder；The water mixing of skin leaf grain weight amount 0.2-0.4 times amount is added all in skin leaf powder Even, cover the airtight with plastic film fermentation 180-190h, stacking thickness is 2.7-2.9cm, and period every 38h turning once, ferments After temperature be 22-24 DEG C, relative humidity be 34-36% under the conditions of to shakeout natural air drying to moisture be 5.6-5.8%, spread Thickness is 2.6-2.8mm, standby；

(5) Azospirillum brasilense is inoculated into liquid fermentation medium mixed culture 35-37h, and cultivation temperature is 26-28 DEG C, system Obtain Azospirillum brasilense fermentation liquid；Azospirillum brasilense fermentation liquid is inoculated into solid fermentation culture medium culturing 43-45h, cultivates Temperature is 33-35 DEG C, puts into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 4600-4700r/min and pulverizes 180-190s, cross 115-120 mesh after fermentation Sieve, obtains Azospirillum brasilense mycopowder, standby；

(6) in lignin, add leaf extract and the water mixing and stirring of lignin weight 11.2-11.4 times amount, obtain wooden Quality liquid, standby；

(7) calcium magnesium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium carbonate and MAP are put into the mixer mix and blend that rotating speed is 39-41r/min 19-21min, is heated to molten condition, adds the standby raw material of step (2), the standby raw material of step (3) and step (4) while hot Standby raw material mix homogeneously, room temperature naturally cools to temperature and is 26-28 DEG C, add Azospirillum brasilense mycopowder mix homogeneously, Crossing granulating disc pelletize, particle diameter is 3.4-3.6mm, obtains fertiliser granulates；Uniformly spray lignin liquid to fertiliser granulates surface, put In drying baker that temperature is 43-45 DEG C dry to moisture be 4.5-4.7%, room temperature natural cooling, obtain Oryza sativa L. special organic slow Release fertilizer；

(8) packed, label, obtain finished product.

As inventing further scheme: the present invention, before rice growing, uses as base manure, and every mu of consumption is 58- 60kg。

As inventing further scheme: the Exocarpium Citrulli used in the present invention, red palm leaf, Fructus Rhodomyrti bark, Fructus Rhodomyrti The content of leaf, Flos Hostae Plantagineae floral leaf and Catalpa ovata Don. bark is all in terms of fresh weight weight.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the special organic slow-release fertilizer of a kind of Oryza sativa L. that the present invention provides, Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs, Fructus Maydis The dregs of rice and the Exocarpium Citrulli mixed powder after drying are broken into powder and add Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria and ferment, and are manured into soil after fermentation, Can be effectively increased and update the soil organism, improving soil physics character and biological activity, strengthening the drought resistance of Oryza sativa L.；This Invention chestnut shell, Exocarpium Litchi, Semen Litchi and Semen Crataegi are processed into mixed fermentation after powder, after being manured into soil, are not only able to promote Rice protoplast flows, and increases rice cell vigor, starts Oryza sativa L. self immune system, and the effectively rice blade tip of preventing and treating Oryza sativa L. is withered Disease, reduces rice peony leaf tip blight disease rate, and improves raw material availability, reduces waste；Red palm leaf after infusion of the present invention, Fructus Persicae Gold ma's leaf and Flos Hostae Plantagineae floral leaf mix, with Catalpa ovata Don. bark and Fructus Rhodomyrti bark, the fermentation that stir-fries, and its effective ingredient can effectively strengthen Oryza sativa L. Insect resistace, especially rice water weevil insect pest is had good prevention effect；The present invention fertiliser granulates outer layer that obtains is used with The lignin of leaf extract mixing wraps up, and is not only able to improve the stability of fertilizer, extends fertilizer action time, and Make fertilizer insect resistace higher；Inventive formulation is scientific and reasonable, rich in nutrition content, and between each raw material, effective nutritional labeling is mutual Merging, effect is complemented each other, it is possible to promote that Oryza sativa L. fully absorbs utilization and converts nutritional labeling so that setting percentage high and Grain is full, improves mass of 1000 kernel and the yield of Oryza sativa L., thus brings higher economic profit for plantation family.

Detailed description of the invention

With specific embodiment, the present invention is described below, but is not limitation of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L., it is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 71 parts, Corn germ cake 32 parts, chestnut shell 5.2 parts, Exocarpium Citrulli 5.7 parts, Exocarpium Litchi 4.1 parts, Semen Litchi 7.2 parts, Semen Crataegi 2.1 parts, calcium Magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer 14 parts, 19 parts of ammonium sulfate, potassium carbonate 15 parts, MAP 8 parts, 1.3 parts of red palm leaf, Fructus Rhodomyrti bark 3.3-3.5 part, Myrtillin folium 1.6 parts, Flos Hostae Plantagineae floral leaf 0.7,2.6 parts of Catalpa ovata Don. bark, Azospirillum brasilense 0.23 part, Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria 0.17 Part, lignin 4.5 parts.

(1) Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor legume inoculation to liquid fermentation medium being mixed 38h, cultivation temperature is 27 DEG C, prepares field Blue or green stem tumor root nodule bacteria fermentation liquid；Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria fermentation liquid is inoculated into solid fermentation culture medium culturing 33h, cultivation temperature It is 30 DEG C, puts into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 4200r/min after fermentation and pulverize 140s, cross 125 mesh sieves, obtain Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria bacterium Powder, standby；

(2) Exocarpium Citrulli is placed in the drying baker that temperature is 43 DEG C and dries 200s, put into together with Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs and corn germ cake and turn Speed is that 17min pulverized by the pulverizer of 6100r/min, crosses 145 mesh sieves, and putting into rotating speed together with Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria mycopowder is The mixer mix and blend 7min of 25r/min, cover the airtight with plastic film fermentation 210h, stacking thickness is 4.4cm, period every 50h turning once, after fermentation temperature be 16 DEG C, relative humidity be to shakeout natural air drying under the conditions of 32% to be to moisture 6.2%, spreading thickness is 5.2mm, standby；

(3) chestnut shell and Exocarpium Litchi are put into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 6400r/min and pulverize 12min, cross 135 mesh sieves, obtain shell Powder；Semen Litchi and Semen Crataegi are put into the grinder that rotating speed is 8000r/min and grinds 20min, 155 mesh sieves, obtain pit powder；Will fruit Shell powder and pit powder put into the mixer mix and blend 11min that rotating speed is 33r/min, cover the airtight with plastic film fermentation 300h, Stacking thickness is 2.3cm, period every 120h turning once, after fermentation temperature be 18 DEG C, relative humidity be to spread out under the conditions of 37% Flat natural air drying is 6.6% to moisture, and spreading thickness is 3.3mm, standby；

(4) red palm leaf, myrtillin folium and Flos Hostae Plantagineae floral leaf are put into three's gross weight 7.4 times amount, temperature is to soak in the water of 30 DEG C Steeping 115min, big fire is boiled, slow fire infusion 45min, filters and separates, and obtains leaf extract and blade slag, and leaf extract is incubated Standby；Fructus Rhodomyrti bark and Catalpa ovata Don. bark put into the frying pan that temperature is 68 DEG C stir-fry 270s, cool the temperature to 47 DEG C, put into leaf Sheet slag stir-fries 230, puts into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 6400r/min and pulverizes 17min, crosses 185 mesh sieves, get Pi Ye powder；To skin leaf powder The water mix homogeneously of middle addition skin leaf grain weight amount 0.2 times amount, covers the airtight with plastic film fermentation 180h, and stacking thickness is 2.7cm, Period every 38h turning once, after fermentation temperature be 22 DEG C, relative humidity be to shakeout natural air drying to moisture under the conditions of 34% Content is 5.6%, and spreading thickness is 2.6mm, standby；

(5) Azospirillum brasilense is inoculated into liquid fermentation medium mixed culture 35h, and cultivation temperature is 26 DEG C, prepares Brazil Azospirillum fermentation liquid；Azospirillum brasilense fermentation liquid is inoculated into solid fermentation culture medium culturing 43h, and cultivation temperature is 33 DEG C, put into the pulverizer that rotating speed is 4600r/min after fermentation and pulverize 180s, cross 115 mesh sieves, obtain Azospirillum brasilense mycopowder, standby With；

(6) in lignin, add leaf extract and the water mixing and stirring of lignin weight 11.2 times amount, obtain lignin Liquid, standby；

(7) calcium magnesium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium carbonate and MAP are put into the mixer mix and blend 19-that rotating speed is 39r/min 21min, is heated to molten condition, adds the standby of the standby raw material of step (2), the standby raw material of step (3) and step (4) while hot Using raw material mix homogeneously, it is 26 DEG C that room temperature naturally cools to temperature, adds Azospirillum brasilense mycopowder mix homogeneously, crosses disk and makes Grain machine pelletize, particle diameter is 3.4mm, obtains fertiliser granulates；Uniformly spraying lignin liquid to fertiliser granulates surface, being placed in temperature is 43 DEG C Drying baker dry to moisture be 4.5%, room temperature natural cooling, obtain the special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L.；

(8) packed, label, obtain finished product.

As inventing further scheme: the present invention, before rice growing, uses as base manure, and every mu of consumption is 58kg。

Embodiment 2

In the embodiment of the present invention, difference from Example 1 is the difference of raw material weight number, and other conditions are the most identical.

A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L., is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 72 parts, corn germ cake 33 Part, chestnut shell 5.3 parts, Exocarpium Citrulli 58 parts, Exocarpium Litchi 4.2 parts, Semen Litchi 7.3 parts, Semen Crataegi 2.2 parts, 15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, sulfur Acid ammonium 20 parts, potassium carbonate 16 parts, MAP 9 parts, 1.4 parts of red palm leaf, 3.4 parts of Fructus Rhodomyrti bark, myrtillin folium 1.7 parts, jade Hairpin floral leaf 0.8,2.7 parts of Catalpa ovata Don. bark, Azospirillum brasilense 0.24 part, Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria 0.18 part, lignin 4.6 parts.

Embodiment 3

A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L., is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 73 parts, corn germ cake 34 Part, chestnut shell 5.4 parts, Exocarpium Citrulli 5.9 parts, Exocarpium Litchi 4.3 parts, Semen Litchi 7.4 parts, Semen Crataegi 2.3 parts, 16 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 21 parts of ammonium sulfate, potassium carbonate 17 parts, MAP 10 parts, 1.5 parts of red palm leaf, 3.5 parts of Fructus Rhodomyrti bark, myrtillin folium 1.8 parts, Flos Hostae Plantagineae floral leaf 0.9,2.8 parts of Catalpa ovata Don. bark, Azospirillum brasilense 0.25 part, Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria 0.19 part, lignin 4.7 Part.

The special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L. of use the present embodiment and the commercially available fertilizer of comparative example are to the Oryza sativa L. before rice cultivation Experimental plot is tested, and is equally divided into 4 groups, often group 10 mu, and every piece of experimental plot Fertilizer application amount is 58kg/ mu, other condition phases With, statistics rice yield, mass of 1000 kernel, rice water weevil insect pest rate and rice peony leaf tip blight disease rate:

Table 1 embodiment and the comparing result of comparative example

When statistics rice water weevil insect pest rate and rice peony leaf tip blight disease rate, randomly select the soil of unit are in experimental plot Earth, adds up wherein rice water weevil insect pest plant quantity and rice peony leaf tip blight disease plant quantity.

As shown in Table 1, the fertilizer of the present invention can effectively reduce rice water weevil insect pest and rice peony leaf tip blight disease rate, Thus improve mass of 1000 kernel and the yield of Oryza sativa L., bring higher economic profit for plantation family.

Claims

1. the special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L., it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: Semen arachidis hypogaeae dregs 71-73 part, Corn germ cake 32-34 part, chestnut shell 5.2-5.4 part, Exocarpium Citrulli 5.7-5.9 part, Exocarpium Litchi 4.1-4.3 part, Semen Litchi 7.2- 7.4 parts, Semen Crataegi 2.1-2.3 part, calcium magnesium phosphate 14-16 part, ammonium sulfate 19-21 part, potassium carbonate 15-17 part, MAP 8- 10 parts, red palm leaf 1.3-1.5 part, Fructus Rhodomyrti bark 3.3-3.5 part, myrtillin folium 1.6-1.8 part, Flos Hostae Plantagineae floral leaf 0.7-0.9, Chinese catalpa Tree bark 2.6-2.8 part, Azospirillum brasilense 0.23-0.25 part, Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. stem tumor root nodule bacteria 0.17-0.19 part, lignin 4.5- 4.7 part.

The preparation method of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of Oryza sativa L. the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that concrete include with Lower step:

(8) packed, label, obtain finished product.