CN103931453B - A kind of the plant method of fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedling of single file - Google Patents
A kind of the plant method of fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedling of single file Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of the plant method of fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedling of single file. The method is applicable to the horizontal press strip of apple Dwarf rootstocks MM106, M26, M9 and major clique T337 thereof etc. and breeds, while requiring press strip garden to build, from the root anvil seedling specification rugosity 6-8mm of above 10cm place, root position that makes a living, height 50-60cm, according to line-spacing 1.8m, spacing in the rows 20cm, the whole ground of flat furrow or shallow ridges carry out Dwarf rootstocks maternal plant wholely and plant, Dwarf rootstocks northwards tilts, and becomes 30 ° of angles with ground, and mu is planted Dwarf rootstocks seedling 1800-2000 strain. Press strip garden just can be built up for 2 years, and First Year nursery stock is tiltedly planted, and after mid-October, horizontal press strip forms maternal plant, and on Second Year maternal plant, sprout sprouts and forms sub-strain, cover by sawdust, and regularly sprinkling irrigation, sub-strain is taken root, and gathers in the crops Dwarf rootstocks seedling November-December, i.e. sub-strain. The method is simple, efficient, within the 2nd year, per mu yield Dwarf rootstocks seedling can reach 18000-20000 strain, Dwarf rootstocks seedling even thickness, rugosity 8-12mm, height 70-100cm, is particularly suitable for cultivating Dwarf rootstocks apple seedling with scion grafting (whip graft or cleft grafting) method grafting apple variety.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Dwarf Stocks For Apple Trees breeding field, relate to a kind of the plant method of fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedling of single file.
Background technology
Developing direction and trend that short anvil intensive culture is world's apple production. The cultivation of apple dwarfing interstock is China's apple bush type culture at presentPrincipal mode, has brought into play important effect aborning. Dwarf rootstocks apple seedling is bred in whole process and is not used true seed to sow, nursery stockGrowth individual difference is little, neat and consistent, and apple production developed country of the world (as the U.S., France, Italy, Holland) extensively adopts and downgrades from rootThe orchard establishing of anvil apple seedling is the cultivation of apple Dwarf rootstocks, and ratio reaches more than 90%, and garden looks are neat, and early, output is high, quality better for result. AndChina's Dwarf rootstocks apple nursery stock is built garden less than 1%, and its maximum restraining factors are to cultivate Dwarf rootstocks apple nursery stock to lack Dwarf rootstocksSeedling. Over nearly 5 years, domestic enterprise's Introduced From Abroad Dwarf rootstocks apple seedling is built garden, plants then, yields positive results then, and per mu yield in the 2nd year is just highMore than reaching 1500kg. But because nursery stock price is up to 80 yuan/strain, add nursery stock import and be subject to the restriction of national policy, development speed is slow.Dwarf rootstocks apple nursery stock is produced and is badly in need of production domesticization, and the core of its nursery stock is to breed Dwarf rootstocks seedling.
There are more than 3,000 ten thousand mu of apple areas in China, and more than 300 ten thousand mu, the annual newly-built and old orchard of transformation, needs high quality seedling approximately 3,000 ten thousand strains, outstandingIt is strong to Dwarf rootstocks apple nursery stock demand, exceedes 1,500 ten thousand strains. Add Dwarf rootstocks apple nursery stock and build garden manageability, work by forceSpend low, to drop into return rate high, the problem therefore lacking for China's Dwarf rootstocks apple seedling, selects fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedlingMethod is urgent especially.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention solves is a kind of the plant method of fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedling of single file, and the method is that one is suitable for downgradingThe new method of breeding from root anvil seedling, wide row just improves rootstock seedling breeding quantity by mechanical work, narrow spacing in the rows, and autumn, press strip can impel the 2nd year sonStrain is growth ahead of time, well developed root system, and multi-fold sawdust and a small amount of ooze native proportioning, improves water content of substrate, and hestening rooting, reduces work strongDegree, improves Dwarf rootstocks seedling production efficiency.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions (taking T337 Dwarf rootstocks seedling fast breeding as example):
(1), press strip garden construction land prepares: traffic convenience, leeward on the sunny side have irrigation conditions, soil layer is deep, fertile soil, sandy loam, earthSoil, pH5.0～7.8; Dwarf rootstocks seedling is bred in first 5 years, does not breed fruit nursery stock or does not build apple orchard; Rootstock seedling is planted 10 of the previous yearThe moon starts, grade, and nursery lot uses sufficient base fertilizer, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 100kg/ mu, decomposed cow dung 10m3/ mu, the chlopyrifos of spreading pesticide 15%Granule 1kg/ mu, ploughs deeply 40～50cm, and leisure is also irrigated before frozen soil; Nursery lot subregion, approximately 15 mu of every district areas, long 150-170m,Wide 60m, every district leaves 1, the wide road of 4m to centre along length, transport use for self-propelled spray irrigation system operation and the field means of production;
(2), prepare Dwarf rootstocks seedling and build garden:
Dwarf rootstocks seedling specification: the amount rugosity 6-8mm of above 10cm place, the position of taking root, height 50-60cm; Dwarf rootstocks kind is according to numerousEducate needs, single variety is planted, and selects T337, M26, MM106;
Nursery stock quantity: Dwarf rootstocks seedling 1800-2000 strain is prepared in every mu of press strip garden, and wet-storage is for subsequent use;
(3), nursery lot planning:
Build garden the 1st year, by the end of February-early March, the nursery lot of raking, by line-spacing 1.8m unwrapping wire planning field planting row; Nursery lot is around in 15mPlant without willow, Chinese scholartree;
The 1st year: (1) T337 Dwarf rootstocks seedling late March～late April plants; Dwarf rootstocks seedling rugosity 6-8mm, height 50-60cm.Ground temperature, temperature go up fast, and root system is movable to carry out with germination simultaneously, and evenly, root system destroys few Dwarf rootstocks seedling size, and survival rate is high.
(2) line-spacing: 1.8m, spacing in the rows: 20cm, the whole ground of flat furrow, single file is planted;
(3) angle of inclination when Dwarf rootstocks is planted: northwards tilt, become 30 ° of angles with ground, pour water in nursery stock one side trench digging after planting, subsequentlyAdopt automatic sprinkling system, spray weekly 1 time, till the spray thoroughly of ground, field planting can be sent out a 3-5 then;
(4) prevent from rootstock seedling day in May from burning, with the moisturizing cooling of spraying.
(5) press strip time in autumn then: after mid-October (branch young sprout stop growing after), the Dwarf rootstocks of tiltedly planting then starts press strip, buildsDwarf rootstocks press strip garden, notices when press strip that thick trunk and side shoot easily fracture. When operation, northwards overwhelm, adopt direct motion pigtail branch, be aided with bamboo letThe way of other branch, all branch pigtails together, pins branch with bamboo let and prevents upper bullet, makes its flat sleeping ground;
(6) fertilising: along every mu of 100kg of press strip both sides trench digging sealing fertilizer, after fertilising, all branches and ground are sturdy, and branch top earthing is no more than2cm, does not cover sawdust then.
The 2nd year: (7) spring (start March), the fertile cow dung (adding pesticide) of heap;
(8) apply decomposed cow dung along the capable both sides of press strip April, execute 10m for every mu3. While waiting the high 15-20cm of branch (sub-strain) subsequently, base portion earthing,Tamp maternal plant and sub-strain base portion, be convenient to cover sawdust in the future. By the end of April, every meter of press strip can produce 50 of branches, height 15-20cm.
(9) continue the first tenday period of a month in May to tamp maternal plant base portion with soil, branches in the last ten-days period (sub-strain) have reached 30-50cm highly, cover sawdust, cover sawdust front with native 3:1 mixes thoroughly, adds a small amount of water, and moisture is agglomerating to hold, it is loose to unclamp, and sawdust cladding thickness 10-15cm covers sprinkling irrigation in latter every 3 days 1 time,Keep moistening with sawdust.
Tiltedly plant New shoot growth that nursery stock sends out in a plane perpendicular to the ground, than the easy press strip of straight cultivation nursery stock. Purchase sawdust winter to spring,Every mu needs 150-200m3, more than covering sawdust height 40cm in year. Every side's sawdust cost price 100-150 unit.
(10) mid-June, cover sawdust the 2nd time, thickness 10-15cm, gross thickness reaches 30-40cm. Sprinkling irrigation is carried out 1 time every day, protects with sawdustHold moistening.
(11) early July, cover sawdust the 3rd time, thickness 10-15cm, gross thickness reaches 40-45cm. Sprinkling irrigation is carried out 1 time every day, protects with sawdustHold moistening. Height of seedling (containing in sawdust) has reached 80-90cm. The sub-strain press strip of part stock is taken root nearly 6 at branch base portion after covering sawdust.
(12) July, the sub-strain of most stocks is in base portion 3 left and right of taking root, and sprinkling irrigation in every 2 days once, squirts sawdust, and hestening rooting section reaches10-20cm。
(13) August, the sub-strain of most stocks is in the base portion 5-7 bar of taking root, and sprinkling irrigation in every 2 days once, squirts sawdust, and hestening rooting section reaches 10-20cm.
(14) September, it is crucial strengthening moisture supply, keeps sawdust moistening.
(15) urea water of stock foliage-spray 3% after mid-October, impels leaf abscission.
(16) start to gather in the crops Dwarf rootstocks November. First scalp sawdust, expose sub-strain root system (can not expose maternal plant), then with long, shrub and hedge trimmer are cutThe rhizome that disconnected sub-strain is connected with maternal plant, rhizome that can not bundle strain is all cut, and stay the part of 3-5cm as maternal plant, and the sub-strain of cutting isFrom root anvil seedling, root alignment, every 50 strain a bundles, spend T337 stem 10cm during according to rhizome 20cm, aerial stem of plant 20cm, Grafted Variety,Keep cutting out and going from the unnecessary stem of root anvil seedling from root anvil seedling 50cm, vanning, hides with wet saw end is husky, is kept in the freezer of 0-3 DEG C, and transfer next springConnecing after (whip graft) apple variety healing nursery plants and cultivates Dwarf rootstocks apple seedling.
Covering sawdust key is: cover for the first time sawdust in 5 months, the last ten-days period, sub-plant height 30-50cm, covers sawdust 10-15cm; Cover for the second time sawEnd in 6 months, the last ten-days period, sub-plant height goes out sawdust 30-50cm, covers sawdust 10-15cm; Cover for the third time 10-15cm, gross thickness reaches 40-45cm again,Finally again the soil in ventilating duct is overlayed on to thin layer on sawdust, play soil moisture conservation effect.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following superior part:
1, the plant method of fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedling of a kind of single file that the present invention proposes, builds garden speed fast, within 2 years, can build up, and producesGo out than 1: 8-10, output capacity is high, and rooting rate is up to more than 95%, sub-strain even thickness, rugosity 8-12mm, height 80-120cm, and passSystem method is due to more than spacing in the rows 30cm, and in garden, 2-3 is capable plants, and press strip line width reaches 1m, and operation road narrows, impact operation, the capable sub-strain of press stripDensity is little, and sub-strain is too thick, and rugosity reaches more than 15mm ratio up to 30%, operation effort during as stock grafting apple variety, survival rateLow.
2, the press strip time that the present invention proposes, from stock rudiment in March in spring in the 2nd year or when just rudiment, advance to the October in autumn of the 1st yearIn the middle ten days, promote after press strip branch upwards bud sprout be full to enrich, and inclusion improves, and rudiment in the 2nd year spring is early, growth period is long, be convenient to take root withAnd it is many, long to take root.
3,, in order to solve the problem of when sprinkling irrigation moisture sawdust more difficult to get access, the present invention proposes sawdust and mixes thoroughly with native mixing at 3: 1, and adds a small amount of water,Sawdust is mixed to wet method, both kept the sawdust penetrating characteristic of loosening, improved again the water content of sawdust, be convenient to sub-strain and take root, and favourableIn mechanical or artificial results, clip Dwarf rootstocks seedling (sub-strain).
4, the present invention builds up Dwarf rootstocks press strip garden and can gather in the crops continuously sub-strain 20 years, within the 3rd, 4 years, only needs to add a small amount of sawdust, the 1st time,Cover the new sawdust of sawdust the 2nd time, old sawdust in upper one year of operation road in garden for the 3rd time, the 4th.
5, the present invention is with the fixing press strip of the other branch of bamboo let compared with tradition for, soil pressure, steel wire, iron wire are fixed, the sub-strain of generation is many, simple to operate,Saving of labor, bamboo let rots into organic for 1 year afterwards naturally, need not reclaim, and also facilitates the 2nd year and gathers in the crops sub-strain, and steel wire, iron wire affect scissors resultsStrain.
6, Dwarf rootstocks seedling of the present invention is tiltedly planted sent out New shoot growth in a plane perpendicular to the ground, than the easy press strip of straight cultivation nursery stock.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter, will describe more fully now the present invention, show various embodiment. But the present invention can be in many different formsImplement, and should not be interpreted as being confined to embodiment set forth herein. On the contrary, providing these embodiment to make the disclosure will be thoroughly with complete, and scope of the present invention is conveyed to those skilled in the art fully.
1, the invention discloses a kind of the plant method of fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedling of single file, the method is suitable for various scales nursery appleThe production of fruit Dwarf rootstocks seedling, for Dwarf rootstocks apple nursery stock manufacturing enterprise provides high-quality Dwarf rootstocks seedling. Below in conjunction with to single fileSpecific description is done in the description of method of fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedling of planting, and described is explanation of the invention instead of restriction.
Related Dwarf rootstocks seedling, Dwarf rootstocks apple seedling, maternal plant, sub-strain, horizontal press strip are done to following explanation:
Dwarf rootstocks seedling: the dwarfing stock that the stem forming by vegetative propagation (plant division, press strip, tissue are cultivated) cultivation and root system are same materialWood seedling, this provides stock for cultivate apple nursery stock in the future. The root system position of dwarfing interstock seedling is different from middle dwarfing rootstock.
Dwarf rootstocks apple seedling: cultivate the apple nursery stock forming after Dwarf rootstocks seedling grafting apple variety.
Maternal plant is a relative concept with sub-strain. Dwarf rootstocks seedling tilts after planting becomes maternal plant, on maternal plant, can produce 3-5 branch orYoung sprout becomes again the organic component of maternal plant after branch or young sprout overwhelm, and the young sprout sending on maternal plant for the 2nd year is through covering sawdust, sprayAfter taking root within the scope of young sprout base portion 30cm after filling with, sub-strain, i.e. the new Dwarf rootstocks seedling of gathering in the crops.
Horizontal press strip: all branches on Dwarf rootstocks seedling are overwhelmed to tiling ground and are horizontal press strip, subsequently horizontal branch be maternal plantOrganic component, upwards bud can make young sprout base portion take root by covering sawdust after sprouting, and just becomes the Dwarf rootstocks seedling of horizontal mound layering.
2, a kind of single file method of fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedling of planting
The 1st year:
First to prepare Dwarf rootstocks seedling (as T337), require from root anvil nursery stock rugosity 6-8mm (above 10cm place, the position of taking root amount), highly50-60cm, crosses thick too high the 2nd year press strip difficulty, is difficult for overwhelming, and the short generation branch of meticulous mistake is few, sets up press strip garden speed slow. Downgrade from rootAnvil seedling plant before freezer preserve, 3 DEG C of left and right of temperature, note moisturizing.
Plant the time from root anvil seedling: late March～late April, temperature is when more than 15 DEG C, and ground temperature is high, slow seedling after cultivation.
From root anvil seedling line-spacing: the 1.8m that plants, spacing in the rows: 20cm, the whole ground of flat furrow, single file is planted;
Angle of inclination when plant is planted: northwards tilt, become 30 ° of angles with ground, pour water in nursery stock one side trench digging after planting, adopt subsequently spray automaticallyFill system, sprays weekly 1 time, and till the spray thoroughly of ground, field planting can be sent out a 3-5 then;
Prevent from rootstock seedling day in May from burning, with the moisturizing cooling of spraying. The 6-9 month is strengthened intertill and clean tillage, in conjunction with repeatedly a small amount of foliage application of sprinkling irrigation. DiseaseTaking powdery mildew as main, insect pest, taking aphid as main, prevents and treatment in time.
The press strip time in autumn then: mid-October (branch young sprout stop growing after), press strip adopts direct motion pigtail branch, is aided with the way of the other branch of bamboo let,The flat sleeping ground of all branches;
Use sufficient base fertilizer: along every mu of 100kg of press strip both sides trench digging sealing fertilizer, after fertilising, all branches and ground are sturdy, and branch top earthing is not superCross 2cm, do not cover then sawdust.
Purchase sawdust (forbidding with apple tree wood saw end) winter to spring, every mu needs 150-200m3, every side's sawdust cost price 100-150 unit.
The 2nd year:
Spring (March), the fertile cow dung (every 10 side's cow dungs add 150kg normal superphosphate, add the chlopyrifos granule 1kg of pesticide 15%) of heap;
Apply decomposed cow dung along the capable both sides of press strip April, executes 10m for every mu3. While waiting the high 15-20cm of branch (sub-strain) subsequently, base portion earthing, fills outReal maternal plant and sub-strain base portion are convenient to cover sawdust in the future. By the end of April, every meter of press strip can produce 50 of branches, height 15-20cm.
Continue the first tenday period of a month in May to tamp maternal plant base portion with soil, branches in the last ten-days period (sub-strain) have reached 30-50cm highly, cover sawdust, cover before sawdust and soil 3: 1Mix thoroughly, add a small amount of water, moisture is agglomerating to hold, it is loose to unclamp, and riding that stock is capable forwards stock in the ranks sawdust with tractor, and sawdust existsStock is cover height 10-15cm around, sawdust width 40-50cm, and unnecessary sawdust is placed in the ranks, covers sprinkling irrigation in latter every 3 days 1 time, protects with sawdustHold moistening.
Purchase sawdust winter to spring, every mu needs 150-200m3, more than covering sawdust height 40cm in year. Every side's sawdust cost price 100-150 unit.
Mid-June, cover sawdust the 2nd time, thickness 10-15cm, gross thickness reaches 30-40cm. Sprinkling irrigation is carried out 1 time every day, keeps wet with sawdustProfit.
Early July, cover sawdust the 3rd time, thickness 10-15cm, gross thickness reaches 40-45cm. Sprinkling irrigation is carried out 1 time every day, keeps wet with sawdustProfit. Height of seedling (containing in sawdust) has reached 80-90cm. The sub-strain of part stock is taken root 6 at branch base portion after press strip covers sawdust.
In July, stock is in base portion 3 left and right of taking root, and sprinkling irrigation in every 2 days once, squirts sawdust, and hestening rooting section reaches 10-20cm.
In August, stock is in the base portion 5-7 bar of taking root, and sprinkling irrigation in every 2 days once, squirts sawdust, and hestening rooting section reaches 10-20cm. Last 1Inferior earthing, overlays on thin layer on sawdust the soil in ventilating road again;
In September, it is crucial strengthening moisture supply, keeps sawdust moistening.
After mid-October, the urea water of stock foliage-spray 3%, impels leaf abscission, is conducive to leaf nutrient and is back to root.
Start to gather in the crops Dwarf rootstocks November. First scalp sawdust, expose sub-strain root system (can not expose maternal plant), then with long, shrub and hedge trimmer are cut off to sonThe rhizome that strain is connected with maternal plant, rhizome that can not bundle strain is all cut, and stay the part of 3-5cm as maternal plant, and the sub-strain of cutting is from rootAnvil seedling, root alignment, every 50 strain a bundles, spend T337 stem 10cm during according to rhizome 20cm, aerial stem of plant 20cm, Grafted Variety, protectHold from root anvil seedling 50cm and cut out and go from the unnecessary stem in root anvil seedling top, vanning, hides with wet saw end is husky, is kept in the freezer of 0-3 DEG C next springAfter the healing of grafting (whip graft) apple variety, plant and cultivate Dwarf rootstocks apple seedling in nursery.
Reach sub-strain more than 15mm for rugosity, should not, as the stock material of breeding Dwarf rootstocks apple seedling, can be used for other purposes and (buildCutting orchard); The sub-strain that is less than 6mm for rugosity can not cut, and continues to overwhelm, and increases maternal plant quantity and improves the quantity of producing sub-strain the coming year.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, be not limited to the present invention. The present invention can have various suitable changes and variation.All any amendments of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within protection scope of the present invention all should be included in.
Claims (1)
1. the single file method for fast breeding apple Dwarf rootstocks seedling of planting, is characterized in that said method comprising the steps of:
(1), press strip garden construction land prepares: traffic convenience, leeward on the sunny side have irrigation conditions, soil layer is deep, fertile soil, sandy loam, loam, pH5.0～7.8; Dwarf rootstocks seedling is bred in first 5 years, does not breed fruit nursery stock or does not build apple orchard; Rootstock seedling is planted October of the previous year, grade, and nursery lot uses sufficient base fertilizer, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 100kg/ mu, decomposed cow dung 10m3/ mu, spreads the chlopyrifos granule 1kg/ mu of pesticide 15%, ploughs deeply 40～50cm, and leisure is also irrigated before frozen soil; Nursery lot subregion, approximately 15 mu of every district areas, long 150-170m, wide 60m, every district leaves 1, the wide road of 4m to centre along length, transport use for self-propelled spray irrigation system operation and the field means of production;
(2), prepare Dwarf rootstocks seedling and build garden:
Dwarf rootstocks seedling specification: the amount rugosity 6-8mm of above 10cm place, the position of taking root, height 50-60cm; Dwarf rootstocks kind is according to breeding needs, and single variety is planted, and selects T337, M26, MM106;
Nursery stock quantity: Dwarf rootstocks seedling 1800-2000 strain is prepared in every mu of press strip garden, and wet-storage is for subsequent use;
(3), nursery lot planning:
Build garden the 1st year, by the end of February-early March, the nursery lot of raking, by line-spacing 1.8m unwrapping wire planning field planting row; Nursery lot around 15m is planted without willow, Chinese scholartree with interior;
(4), Dwarf rootstocks seedling is planted:
Plant the time: late March～late April;
Planting density: carry out spacing in the rows 20cm by the line-spacing 1.8m of planning in advance;
Planting system: the whole ground of flat furrow or the whole ground of the dark 10cm of shallow ridges, single file is planted; Northwards tilt from root anvil seedling, become 30 ° of angles with ground, after planting, in the nursery stock one side 20cm external-open sufficient water that irrigates through furrow, adopt automatic sprinkling system after one week, spray weekly 1 time, till the spray thoroughly of ground, field planting can be sent out a 3-5 then, to length 60～90cm by the end of September;
(5), daily management: weed a garden, strengthen moisture supply, pour water in time, prevent field planting then nursery stock base portion day in May burn, enrich foliage fertilizer; Dwarf rootstocks seedling is planted and is forbidden then herbicide;
(6), press strip: Dwarf rootstocks is planted autumn then, mid-October, after branch young sprout stops growing, all branches are overwhelmed to flat sleeping ground, adopt direct motion pigtail branch, be aided with the way of the other branch of bamboo let, prevent bullet on branch, when operation, northwards overwhelm, notice that thick branch easily fractures simultaneously, first the soil of nursery stock base portion is embraced out; Bamboo let is processed with short thin bamboo, long 40cm left and right, thick 10-14mm, and fine away and be convenient to insert soil fixing branch in one end, and one end is cut out neat;
(7), apply fertilizer after press strip: along press strip both sides trench digging 20-30cm, every mu of 100kg of sealing fertilizer, after fertilising, all branches and ground are sturdy, and branch top earthing is no more than 2cm;
(8), sawdust is prepared: within the 1st year, do not cover sawdust, must prepare sawdust spring 2 year winter to the, every mu needs 150-200m3；
(9), build the garden growth along with sub-strain in the 2nd year, cover sawdust 3 times, sawdust and native volume ratio 3: 1, finally cover soil 1 time, covers altogether 4 times, can gather in the crops Dwarf rootstocks seedling 18000-20000 plant/acre December;
In March, heap is irrigated cow dung, adds the chlopyrifos granule 0.1kg/m of pesticide 15%3；
Apply decomposed cow dung along the capable both sides of press strip April, executes 10m for every mu3; While waiting the high 15-20cm of branch subsequently, base portion earthing, tamps maternal plant and sub-strain base portion, is convenient to cover sawdust in the future; By the end of April, the capable every meter of length of press strip can produce branch 50-60, height 15-20cm;
Continue the first tenday period of a month in May to tamp maternal plant base portion with soil, the last ten-days period, branch height reached 30-50cm, covered sawdust the 1st time, and thickness 10-15cm covers sprinkling irrigation in latter every 3 days 1 time, keeps moistening with sawdust;
Mid-June, cover sawdust the 2nd time, thickness 10-15cm, gross thickness reaches 30-40cm; Sprinkling irrigation is carried out 1 time every day, keeps moistening with sawdust;
Early July, cover sawdust the 3rd time, thickness 10-15cm, gross thickness reaches 40-45cm; Sprinkling irrigation is carried out 1 time every day, keeps moistening with sawdust; Height of seedling has reached 80-90cm; After stock press strip, start to take root at branch base portion, what have reaches more than 6;
In July, the sprinkling irrigation of every 2 days of stock once, squirts sawdust, promotes the sub-strain base portion segment length of taking root to reach 10-20cm;
In August, the sub-strain of stock in the base portion 5-7 bar of taking root, is sprayed identical with July; Last 1 earthing, overlays on thin layer on sawdust the soil in ventilating road again;
September-October, strengthen moisture supply, keep sawdust moistening;
Start to gather in the crops Dwarf rootstocks November, sub-strain is taken root nearly more than 20, first scalp sawdust, expose sub-strain root system and can not expose maternal plant, then with long, shrub and hedge trimmer are cut off to the rhizome that sub-strain is connected with maternal plant, rhizome that can not bundle strain is all cut, stay the part of 3-5cm as maternal plant, the sub-strain of cutting is from root anvil seedling, root alignment, every 50 strain a bundles, stay 20cm according to rhizome, the aerial stem of plant stays 20cm, when Grafted Variety, spend the principle of T337 stem 10cm, keep from root anvil seedling total length 50cm, sanction is gone from the unnecessary stem of root anvil seedling, vanning, hide with wet saw end is husky, be kept in the freezer of 0-3 DEG C, grafting next spring apple variety, after healing, plant and cultivate Dwarf rootstocks apple seedling in nursery.
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| RU2600132C1 (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2016-10-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Волгоградский государственный аграрный университет (ФГБОУ ВПО Волгоградский ГАУ) | Method of intensive apple garden cultivation |
| CN105557165A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 长顺县顺新种植基地 | Fertilizing method for improving fruiting rate of apple |
| CN105993445A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-12 | 蓬莱鑫园工贸有限公司 | Apple nontoxic dwarfed self-rooted rootstock M9-T337 rapid propagation method |
| CN106034647B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2020-10-30 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Method for producing clonal seedlings of peaches and rootstocks thereof |
| CN106171547B (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2019-07-16 | 莱州大自然园艺科技有限公司 | A kind of mating system of apple dwarf from root anvil stock |
| CN106550846B (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2019-05-21 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) | A kind of method that apple dwarf is integrally bred from root anvil seedlings fringe anvil |
| CN106879330B (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2020-01-24 | 邢台市泽阳园农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for rapidly breeding dwarfed self-rooted stock apple seedlings |
| CN107278636A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-10-24 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | A kind of method for breeding Dwarf rootstocks apple seedlings |
| CN109863896B (en) * | 2018-10-28 | 2021-06-29 | 陕西海棠生态农林股份有限公司 | Double-row staggered layering method |
| CN113924914B (en) * | 2021-10-05 | 2022-09-23 | 李荣连 | Dwarfing high-efficiency close planting cultivation method for apples |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE780013A (en) * | 1971-03-02 | 1972-06-16 | Shionogi & Co | METHOD FOR THE PROPAGATION OF RHIZOMES OF DWARF APPLE |
| CN102577898B (en) * | 2011-01-09 | 2018-03-13 | 刘磊 | The method and its application that apple nursery stock is bred |
| CN102577900A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-18 | 西北农林科技大学 | Breeding method of apple dwarf self-rooting multi-branch nursery stock |
| CN103069999B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-05-28 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Own-rooted seedling breeding technology for apple dwarf rootstocks |
| CN103385149A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-11-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | High-quality and high-efficiency apple rootstock layering breeding method |
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