CN103775941A - 车辆用灯及其制造方法 - Google Patents

车辆用灯及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103775941A
CN103775941A CN201310481577.4A CN201310481577A CN103775941A CN 103775941 A CN103775941 A CN 103775941A CN 201310481577 A CN201310481577 A CN 201310481577A CN 103775941 A CN103775941 A CN 103775941A
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China
Prior art keywords
lamp body
absorbing material
radiator grille
light absorbing
lamp
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CN201310481577.4A
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CN103775941B (zh
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提坂裕至
铃木三千彦
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Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/60—Heating of lighting devices, e.g. for demisting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/10—Protection of lighting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1661—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning repeatedly, e.g. quasi-simultaneous laser welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2424—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain
    • B29C66/24243—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral
    • B29C66/24244—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral forming a rectangle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301—Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91441—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/91443—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being non-constant over time following a temperature-time profile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to time, e.g. temperature-time diagrams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/27—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F21S45/47—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/85—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems characterised by the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/1477—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/747—Lightning equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及车辆用灯以及车辆用灯的制造方法。车辆用灯以灯体(1)以及熔敷在该灯体(1)上、表面露出到外部的前面罩(2)构成灯壳体,在灯体(1)中,含有光吸收材料(5),在前面罩(2)中,至少在包含熔敷部(4a)的区域含有光吸收材料(6)。该光吸收材料(6)设为比灯体(1)发热效果低的光吸收材料。提供防止灯体和前面罩的熔敷部的热应变、同时防止发生熔敷时的热变形的车辆用灯及其制造方法。

Description

车辆用灯及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及设有照射激光将前面盖熔敷在灯体上的灯壳体的车辆用灯及其制造方法。
背景技术
制造车辆用灯工序之一,有将透明的前面罩一体地固结在呈容器状的灯体的工序,作为该固结工序,使用熔敷灯体和前面罩的技术。例如,如图1那样,当用前面开口的容器状的灯体1和固结在该灯体1的该前面开口的透明树脂制的前面罩2构成灯壳体场合,沿着灯体1的前面开口的周缘,设有凸缘3,使得该凸缘3的前面和前面罩2的周缘部4的内面(在图1中都用点画表示)密接,将该密接面作为熔敷面将两者熔敷使其一体化。
在使用这样的激光的熔敷中,采用以下方法:使得激光照射熔敷部,使灯体的凸缘面熔融,通过将该熔融时的热量传热到前面罩的周缘部,该周缘部也熔融,使得周缘部熔敷在凸缘。又,在专利文献1中,提出以下技术:当将内透镜熔敷在灯体时,通过使得在内透镜含有光吸收材料,或在灯体和内透镜双方含有光吸收材料,当照射激光时,易熔融内透镜,进行熔敷。
[专利文献1]日本特开2005-339873号公报
用前者方法,难以从灯体向前面罩进行有效传热,前面罩的周缘部的熔融很化费时间,存在熔敷作业效率低的问题。又,前面罩熔敷时熔融的熔敷部和与其邻接的没有熔融的邻接部的温度差大,因此,若熔敷后冷却时周缘部急剧冷却,则该温度差为起因产生热应变,引起内部应力蓄积。尤其,在作为前面罩将表面露出到外部的外透镜熔敷在灯体的灯中,若产生这样的内部应力,则用酒精或其它清洗剂清洗外透镜时,外透镜表面易发生称为“溶剂裂纹”的细微裂纹,成为灯质量降低的主要原因。因此,熔敷后,需要用于逐渐冷却熔敷部和邻接部的退火工序,若包含该退火工序的处理时间,则总的熔敷时间变长,灯的制造效率降低。
对此,专利文献1的技术当照射激光时,照射的激光因光吸收材料吸收,内透镜的周缘部发热,使得熔敷部熔融,因此,能抑制熔敷部和与其邻接的邻接部的温度差引起的热应变,退火必要性减少,能缩短总的熔敷时间。但是,另一方面,有时熔敷时内透镜的激光照射区域过度发热,产生该区域热变形的危险。若产生热变形,从内装配置在灯内的光源射出的光透过内透镜时,在热变形处发生异常折射,有时对灯配光带来坏影响。尤其,在外透镜中,若产生这样的过热,则上述“溶剂裂纹”也明显。
发明内容
本发明就是为解决上述问题而提出来的，本发明的目的在于，提供防止熔敷部的热应变、同时缩短熔敷时间、且防止发生熔敷时的热变形及熔敷后的“溶剂裂纹”的车辆用灯及其制造方法。
为了解决上述课题,本发明的车辆用灯以灯体以及熔敷在该灯体上、表面露出到外部的前面罩构成灯壳体,所述车辆用灯的特征在于:
在上述灯体和前面罩中,分别含有用于提高光照射引起的发热效果的光吸收材料,上述前面罩包含的光吸收材料引起的该前面罩的发热效果比上述灯体包含的光吸收材料引起的发热效果低。
在此,所谓发热效果意味对于照射的光能的温度上升的效果的程度。该前面罩的光吸收材料为以下数量的光吸收材料:熔敷时,仅仅所照射光的照射,前面罩不会熔融。
在本发明中,在上述前面罩,仅仅在除去使得作为照明光有效的光透过的有效面的区域,或前面罩全体,包含具有光透过性的光吸收材料。
本发明的车辆用灯的制造方法包含熔敷工序,其使得表面露出到外部的前面罩与灯体密接,对该密接部分照射光,熔敷上述灯体和前面罩,在上述灯体和前面罩中,分别含有用于提高光照射引起的发热效果的光吸收材料。尤其,较好的是,包含上述光吸收材料,使得上述前面罩的发热效果比上述灯体的发热效果低。
下面说明本发明的效果:
按照本发明的车辆用灯及其制造方法,在灯体和前面罩中,分别含有用于提高光照射引起的发热效果的光吸收材料,因此,使得灯体和前面罩的熔敷部熔融,实现合适的熔敷。再有,在前面罩包含光吸收材料,使得发热效果比灯体低,因此,熔敷时能发热,而不会因照射光熔融前面罩的熔敷部的邻接部,减少熔敷部和邻接部的温度差,熔敷后逐渐冷却,能防止冷却时发生热应变,即使将前面罩作为外透镜构成场合,也能防止“溶剂裂纹”。由此,不需要退火,能缩短熔敷时间或灯制造时间。又,熔敷时邻接部不会熔融,能防止熔融引起的前面罩的热变形,不会对灯配光带来坏影响。
附图说明
图1是适用本发明的灯壳体一例的立体图。
图2是表示制造图1的灯壳体的熔敷装置的全体构成的概念构成图。
图3(a)和(b)是用于说明在熔敷部的熔敷状态的截面图。
图4(a)和(b)是表示含有光吸收体的区域的外透镜的前面图。
图5(a)和(b)是表示熔敷时的发热效果引起的温度变化的图。
图中符号意义如下:
1    灯体
2    前面罩(外透镜)
3    凸缘(熔敷部)
3a   熔敷部
4    周缘部(熔敷部)
4a   熔敷部
4b   邻接部
5、6 光吸收材料
10   光偏转装置
具体实施方式
下面，参照附图说明本发明实施形态。在以下实施形态中，虽然对构成要素，种类，组合，形状，相对设置等作了各种限定，但是，这些仅仅是例举，本发明并不局限于此。
图2是用于制造本实施形态的灯的熔敷装置一例的概念构成图,设有光偏转装置10,从激光光源11射出的激光由检流反射镜等光偏转手段12朝着任意方向偏转照射。该熔敷装置设有工作台13,将熔敷的灯体1前面开口朝着上方配置,将前面罩2载置在配置的灯体1上,再在其上配设压板14。通过该压板14,将前面罩2朝下方推压,使得前面罩2的周缘部4与灯体1的前面开口的凸缘3相接。接着,通过光偏转装置10使得偏转控制的激光L一边沿灯体1的凸缘3扫描一边照射。
在本实施形态中,作为车辆用灯,说明适用于汽车的后组合灯的例子,灯体1如图3(a)表示凸缘3及周缘部4的截面那样,至少在成为熔敷部的凸缘3,由包含碳黑等具有光吸收性的材料的树脂构成。在此,在该图中,如点画那样,在灯体1的整体,含有碳黑作为光吸收材料。这样的灯体1例如可以通过模具成型形成含有碳黑的树脂。
当汽车上装备灯时,上述前面罩2成为表面露出到外部的状态,在此,在灯的前面构成作为露出到外部的外透镜(outer lens),用红色的透光性树脂构成。该外透镜2的树脂使用发热时熔融或软化能熔敷在熔融的灯体1的凸缘3的树脂。在该外透镜2中,与灯体1相同,使其含有碳黑等光吸收材料6,如图4(a)所示,仅仅使得外透镜2的周缘部4,即熔敷部4a及其邻接部4b含有光吸收材料6。透过外透镜2的照射光之中,含有光吸收材料6的周缘部4不是对照明有效的光透过的区域,即,是没有作为照明光功能的光透过的区域。因此,通过含有光吸收材料6,即使该区域的光透过率降低,也不会对灯本来的照明给予坏影响。
又,在该实施形态中,将外透镜2的上述光吸收材料6的每单位体积的含有量设定为以下的量:与由光吸收材料5引起的灯体1的发热效果相比,使得外透镜2的发热效果低。即,当照射相同激光,灯体1和外透镜2分别因光吸收材料5,6发热时,与灯体1发热引起温度上升相比,外透镜2发热引起的温度上升低。换言之,成为当照射相同激光时,即使灯体1熔融,外透镜2也不熔融的光吸收材料的含有量。再有,换句话说,外透镜2的光吸收材料6的含有量为以下含有量:当熔敷时将激光照射到熔敷部4a时,即使光吸收材料6吸收激光使得外透镜2发热温度上升,仅仅因该发热外透镜2不会熔融的含有量。
例如,将光吸收材料6相对外透镜2的质量%浓度(wt%)设为1×10-4～1×10-2。优选1×10-4～1×10-3。若小于1×10-4,则外透镜2的发热不充分,因此,不能得到逐渐冷却效果。若大于1×10-2,则外透镜2发热过多而熔融。1×10-4～1×10-2范围根据激光强度或照射时间等制造条件不同适当调整。
当熔敷该灯体1和外透镜2时,如图3(a)所示,将外透镜2的周缘部4重叠在灯体1的凸缘3上,通过图2所示压板14,使得周缘部4的内面与凸缘3的表面密接,使得激光L透过压板14照射两者的密接面。若照射激光,则因灯体1所包含的光吸收材料5而发热,熔敷部3a,即凸缘3的表面如斜线所示熔融。又,与此同时,外透镜2也因包含的光吸收材料6使得熔敷部4a及邻接部4b发热。进而,灯体1的熔敷部3a熔融时的热量传热到外透镜2的周缘部4,周缘部4的熔敷部4a也成为熔融状态,加之因压板14,周缘部4朝凸缘3推压,因此,如图3(b)所示,周缘部4和凸缘3的熔敷部4a,3a成为接合状态。这时,在外透镜2限制光吸收材料6的含有量,因此,即使因该光吸收材料6发热,也不会熔融直到周缘部4的邻接部4b。
图5(a)表示上述熔敷时凸缘3和周缘部4(熔敷部4a和邻接部4b)的温度变化,因激光照射,凸缘3和周缘部4发热,凸缘3先成为熔融状态,此后,周缘部4的熔敷部4a成为熔融状态。通过上述熔融进行熔敷。这时,在邻接部4b由于来自凸缘3的热传导少,因此,不会熔融。接着,通过停止照射激光,凸缘3和周缘部4的各熔敷部3a,4a冷却,固化,得到熔敷。这时,因熔敷时发热,凸缘3和周缘部4逐渐冷却。即,灯体1包含充分数量的光吸收材料5,因此,熔敷时发热明显,包含凸缘3的全体以缓慢速度冷却。即使外透镜2在包含光吸收材料6的周缘部4中,因光吸收材料6,周缘部4的全体,即熔敷部4a和邻接部4b发热,因此,熔敷部4a和邻接部4b的温度差小,且直到冷却的时间变长。由此,能得到与所谓退火相同的效果,抑制外透镜周缘部发生热应变。
因此,不需要熔敷后退火,或退火时间能大幅度缩短,能缩短总的熔敷时间。又,制造的灯即使在外透镜2也能减少热应变量,因此,即使外透镜2的表面露出到汽车外部用清洗剂清洗场合,也不会产生“溶剂裂纹”。又,另一方面,外透镜2的熔敷部4a因从灯体1传导来的热量熔融,但是,即使邻接部4b因激光发热,仅仅这些热量不会熔融,因此,能防止热变形。外透镜2使得从内装配置在灯壳体内的光源射出的光透过照射到外部,因此,也不会有产生热变形那样场合射出的光而引起的异常折射,能确保合适配光的光照射。
图5(b)表示外透镜2不包含光吸收材料场合的温度变化。灯体1发热,凸缘3的熔敷部3a成为熔融状态,外透镜2从此时发热,因此,到达外透镜2的熔敷部4a熔融的时间变长。这时,在外透镜2的熔敷部4a的邻接部4b,因发热引起温度上升少,与熔敷部4a的温度差大。外透镜2在熔敷后冷却,但是,熔敷部4a和邻接部4b的温度差大,因此,伴随冷却产生热应变。这样,当在外透镜2不包含光吸收材料场合,熔敷时间变长,同时,熔敷后外透镜2易产生“溶剂裂纹”。为了防止这种状况,如上所述,需要退火。
在此,作为仅仅在外透镜2的周缘部4包含光吸收材料的构成,可以通过包含光吸收材料的树脂和不包含光吸收材料的树脂的二色成形,用包含光吸收材料的树脂成形周缘部4,用不包含光吸收材料的树脂成形对光照射有效的区域。又,若可能也可以通过离子注入法等使得光吸收材料选择地包含在外透镜的周缘部。
在本发明中,作为光吸收材料,也可以使用上述碳黑以外的材料,例如,具有透光性的光吸收材料。即使含有这样具有透光性的光吸收材料,外透镜2,即前面罩的光透过性问题少,因此,如图4(b)那样,也可以构成前面罩的全区域含有具有透光性的光吸收材料6A。这种场合,例如,能在用于树脂成形前面罩的树脂中含有光吸收材料6A,通过成形该树脂制造,因此,制造非常容易。又,将外透镜作为烟色透镜(smoke lens,半透光性透镜)构成场合,也可以在外透镜全体含有碳黑等不具有透光性的光吸收材料。
如上所述,本发明通过使得前面罩含有光吸收材料,能具有上述那样的作用效果,尤其,通过构成为使得前面罩的光吸收材料的发热效果比灯体的光吸收材料的发热效果低,能使得作用效果更明显。在该场合中,在上述实施形态中,通过调整包含在前面罩的光吸收材料的每单位体积的含有量,使得比灯体发热效果低,但是,也可以通过使用光吸收效率低的光吸收材料降低发热效果。例如,在灯体中使用碳黑作为光吸收材料,在前面罩使用比碳黑光吸收效果低的光吸收材料。这样,当照射相同激光时,即使灯体熔融,前面罩的邻接部也不会熔融,能防止前面罩变形,能防止对光的配光特性带来影响。
又,在本发明中,使得由光吸收材料引起的前面罩的发热效果比灯体的发热效果低,并不仅仅通过使用光吸收材料的每单位体积的含有量或光吸收效率不同的光吸收材料实现。即,用有色树脂构成的灯体与透光性的前面罩比较,材料本身的光吸收效率,换言之发热效果大,因此,即使前面罩含有的光吸收材料的含有量比灯体的含有量多,也能设定使得前面罩的发热效果比灯体的发热效果低。
在上述实施形态中,说明将车辆的后组合灯的灯体和外透镜熔敷的例子,但是,在此所说的灯体或外透镜并不局限于实施形态的构成,例如,也可以将灯单元的反光镜设为灯体,将在表面露出到外部状态下使用的透镜设为前面罩,将上述前面罩熔敷在上述灯体上构成灯。
下面说明本发明在产业上的可利用性:
本发明能用于将表面露出到外部的前面罩熔敷在灯体上构成的车辆用灯及其制造方法。
在上述最佳形态中所示的各部的形状及结构都不过是实施本发明时进行的具体化一例,并不因上述实施形态限定解释本发明的技术范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种车辆用灯，用灯体以及熔敷在该灯体上、表面露出到外部的前面罩构成灯壳体,所述车辆用灯的特征在于:
在上述灯体和前面罩中,分别含有用于提高光照射引起的发热效果的光吸收材料,上述前面罩包含的光吸收材料引起的该前面罩的发热效果比上述灯体包含的光吸收材料引起的发热效果低。
2.根据权利要求1记载的车辆用灯,其特征在于:
上述前面罩的光吸收材料为以下数量的光吸收材料:熔敷时,仅仅所照射光的照射,前面罩不会熔融。
3.根据权利要求1或2记载的车辆用灯,其特征在于:
在上述前面罩,仅仅在除去使得作为灯照明光有效的光透过的有效面的区域,或全体,包含具有光透过性的光吸收材料。
4.一种车辆用灯的制造方法，包含熔敷工序,其使得表面露出到外部的前面罩与灯体密接,对该密接部分照射光,熔敷上述灯体和前面罩,所述车辆用灯的制造方法的特征在于:
在上述灯体和前面罩中,分别含有用于提高光照射引起的发热效果的光吸收材料。
5.根据权利要求4记载的车辆用灯的制造方法,其特征在于:
包含上述光吸收材料,使得上述前面罩的发热效果比上述灯体的发热效果低。
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