CN103733948B - A kind of grape single-bud nursery and straight cutting garden building method - Google Patents
A kind of grape single-bud nursery and straight cutting garden building method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103733948B CN103733948B CN201310641289.0A CN201310641289A CN103733948B CN 103733948 B CN103733948 B CN 103733948B CN 201310641289 A CN201310641289 A CN 201310641289A CN 103733948 B CN103733948 B CN 103733948B
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Abstract
A kind of grape single-bud nursery and straight cutting garden building method, comprise the following steps: cutting collection: cutting is chosen and can be carried out in conjunction with winter pruning, select variety pure, maturity is high, internode is short, eye is full, medulla is little, clip is emerald green, rugosity is 1 year new branch of life of 0.7 ~ 1.2cm, cutting should be determined to cut into simple bud or two bud depending on concrete condition, general thicker cutting, sprout is full, more than internode 5cm can be cut into simple bud, otherwise two bud should be stayed, the cuttage of greenhouse by solar heat nutritious bag: or field cuttage and seedling culture method, in the season of growth, conventional bud picking is equally carried out except with other grape varieties, except sprouting tendril.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to field of plant cultivation, specifically a kind of grape single-bud nursery and straight cutting garden building method.
Background technology
Redly to carry (red also known as the red earth, evening) grape bar, seedling is expensive.Adopt conventional method nursery, Jian Yuan, not only cost is high, and postpones into garden and result time.Grape single-bud Shoot breeding, because of its " stature is short and small ", the nutriment of self storage is less, often can affect its planting percent.So, be used less in general production.But build garden cost for saving or when kind of bar is in great shortage, be still a kind of effective behave.The following nursery of nearly employing and garden building method, can reduce expense greatly, obtains higher economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of grape single-bud nursery and straight cutting garden building method, comprise the following steps:
Cutting gathers: cutting is chosen and can be carried out in conjunction with winter pruning, selection variety pure, 1 year new branch of life that maturity is high, internode is short, eye is full, medulla is little, clip is emerald green, rugosity is 0.7 ~ 1.2cm, cutting length is 70 ~ 120cm, plants bar plastic ties and is bundled into 50/bundle;
Cutting of cutting cuts: cutting should be determined to cut into simple bud or two bud depending on concrete condition, and generally thicker cutting, sprout are full, more than internode 5cm can be cut into simple bud, otherwise should stay two bud, when cutting cutting, upper end will cut flat, apart from bud 0.5 ~ 1cm, lower end is cut into horse ear shape, immediately with rope or rubber band after shearing, restraint into a bundle for every 20, grasp lower end is neat, length is consistent, be housed in wet sand, after preparing enough cutting, cutting is put into clear water and soak 24 hours, be cerise with clip and saturated with water is as the criterion;
Root bed is urged to prepare: the width of bed is no more than 1.5 meters; higher at the middle portion temperature of bed; spacing can be slightly larger and often temperature is lower on the both sides of bed; distance between heating wire can suitably reduce; the large I of root bed is urged to determine according to nursery amount; as urged the area needed for root large, when a heating wire is not enough, multiple process can be adopted to increase heating wire;
Greenhouse by solar heat nutritious bag cuttage: the preparation nutrition pot grown seedling bag of a. nutritious bag selects high 16cm, wide 10cm, and base portion has 4 holes, and thickness is the plastic sack of 0.04mm, Nutrition Soil earth's surface mellow soil, clean river sand, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed or sheep excrement pack after mixing even sieving by 8:1:1 mixing, nutritious bag will fill reality, and native face is lower than sack along 1cm, and the nutritious bag installed balances jam-packed by furrow in greenhouse by solar heat, stays the pavement of 30cm between furrow, so that operate between furrow, b. cuttage: cuttage period is early April, during cuttage inserts cutting the central authorities of bag, and terminal bud exceeds nutritious bag soil face 1cm, waters permeable after having inserted furrow immediately, on nutritious bag, then spreads 1cm fine sand preserve soil moisture, c. greenhouse management: after nutritious bag cuttage, temperature indoor air temperature controls at about 32 DEG C daytime, control night at about 12 DEG C, relative moisture remains on 85% ~ 90%, after rudiment, temperature controls at 25 ~ 28 DEG C daytime, control night at about 12 DEG C, will at the urea solution of foliage-spray 0.3% after Zhan Ye, 1 time is sprayed every 15d, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution of later stage spray 0.3%, for preventing the hot and humid generation causing grape leaf portion anthrachose of grape in greenhouse, 1 50% carbendazim liquid of 600 ~ 800 times is sprayed every 15d, d. hardening: when seedling grows 5 leaves, when highly reaching 10cm, carry out hardening, add gradually in booth and ventilate, until canopy film is opened in half dew or full dewiness state, after hardening, nursery stock transplanting seedling-slowing stage is 2 ~ 5d, during hardening, seedling-slowing stage is not 10 ~ 14d, e. canopy is gone out: it is the first tenday period of a month in May that nursery stock goes out the canopy time, to moisture be controlled before going out canopy and be completely cured, moisture controls to be the important step before emerging, reduce bag humidity, when preventing from emerging roping and transplanting, in bag, Tu Tuo does loose, to ensure surviving of nursery stock, being completely cured is move nutritious bag in order, cuts off the root grown outside nutrition pocket,
Between cuttage and seedling culture method: according to the cuttage degree of depth, divide shallow slotting, dark slotting two kinds of methods: shallow slotting method is by after whole for furrow face thin leveling, spraying weed killer herbicide, insert spreading in first 5 ~ 7 days, to improve soil temperature, during cuttage, for not injuring cutting base portion tissue, first with the waddy slightly thicker than cutting, punch by the seeding row spacing of 12 ~ 15cm*25 ~ 30cm
Management after planting: in the season of growth, except equally carrying out conventional bud picking with other grape varieties, except sprouting tendril, also will taking following technical measures: carry out repeatedly pinching to master is climing; When seedling grows to about 70cm, during about 12, blade, carry out first time pinching, except a sublateral shoot continued growth is stayed on top, all the other sublateral shoots stay 2 ~ 3 leaf pinching; When the main sublateral shoot in top reaches 9, carry out second time pinching, the process of sublateral shoot is the same.Until before the Frost's Descent, repeatedly pinching repeatedly, process can reach that branch is strengthened, the object of bud satiation, summer pruning like this, suitably stay blade more, vegetative shoot pinching will at about 10, and sublateral shoot pinching will retain 2 ~ 3 leaves, is much higher than kyoto grape and stays the number of blade, only in this way guarantee red grape normal growth result, note foliage spray, Later growth will spray 3 ~ 4 times potassium dihydrogen phosphates, to promote that branches and tendrils are ripe.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
A kind of grape single-bud nursery and straight cutting garden building method, comprise the following steps:
Cutting gathers: cutting is chosen and can be carried out in conjunction with winter pruning, select variety pure, maturity is high, internode is short, eye is full, medulla is little, clip is emerald green, rugosity is 1 year new branch of life of 0.7 ~ 1.2cm, cutting length is 70 ~ 120cm, plant bar plastic ties and be bundled into 50/bundle, and kind is indicated on plastic strip, after cutting gathers, ferrous sulfate with 5% or Baume 5 degree of lime sulfur soaking disinfection 5min, imbed in storage hole in time, storage hole should select warm draining on the sunny side local smoothly, 15d foot water in advance, until soil reach should plough humidity time, dig dark 50 ~ 60cm, wide 1 ~ 1.5m hole,
Cutting of cutting cuts: cutting should be determined to cut into simple bud or two bud depending on concrete condition, and generally thicker cutting, sprout are full, more than internode 5cm can be cut into simple bud, otherwise should stay two bud, when cutting cutting, upper end will cut flat, apart from bud 0.5 ~ 1cm, lower end is cut into horse ear shape, immediately with rope or rubber band after shearing, restraint into a bundle for every 20, grasp lower end is neat, length is consistent, be housed in wet sand, after preparing enough cutting, cutting is put into clear water and soak 24 hours, be cerise with clip and saturated with water is as the criterion;
Root bed is urged to prepare: the width of bed is no more than 1.5 meters, higher at the middle portion temperature of bed, spacing can be slightly larger, and often temperature is lower on the both sides of bed, distance between heating wire can suitably reduce, the large I of root bed is urged to determine according to nursery amount, as urged the area needed for root large, when a heating wire is not enough, multiple process can be adopted to increase heating wire, electric heating bed most bottom surface paving 5 ~ 8cm sawdust, spread the fine sand of one deck 2 ~ 3cm above, heating wire is laid out after leveling, heating wire spacing 5 ~ 6cm, heating wire two ends will be fixed on object, after heating wire is balanced and is fixed, cover the wet sand of one deck 3 ~ 5cm above again, Shamian Island is flattened, by bundled for the cutting that soaks arranged vertically on wet sand, between bundle, the wet saw end that 2cm is thick is filled up between cutting, use the sub-uniform filling fine sand of dusting cover again, thickness stays the space of about 2cm to be advisable with cutting top, then the warm water of 25 ~ 30 DEG C is sprayed with watering can, thermometer is placed in cutting rhizosphere position, temperature controls between 25 ~ 28 DEG C, within 2 ~ 3 days, check a humidity, as humidity is inadequate, about 30 DEG C warm water should be sprayed,
Greenhouse by solar heat nutritious bag cuttage: the preparation nutrition pot grown seedling bag of a. nutritious bag selects high 16cm, wide 10cm, and base portion has 4 holes, and thickness is the plastic sack of 0.04mm, Nutrition Soil earth's surface mellow soil, clean river sand, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed or sheep excrement pack after mixing even sieving by 8:1:1 mixing, nutritious bag will fill reality, and native face is lower than sack along 1cm, and the nutritious bag installed balances jam-packed by furrow in greenhouse by solar heat, stays the pavement of 30cm between furrow, so that operate between furrow, b. cuttage: cuttage period is early April, during cuttage inserts cutting the central authorities of bag, and terminal bud exceeds nutritious bag soil face 1cm, waters permeable after having inserted furrow immediately, on nutritious bag, then spreads 1cm fine sand preserve soil moisture, c. greenhouse management: after nutritious bag cuttage, temperature indoor air temperature controls at about 32 DEG C daytime, control night at about 12 DEG C, relative moisture remains on 85% ~ 90%, after rudiment, temperature controls at 25 ~ 28 DEG C daytime, control night at about 12 DEG C, will at the urea solution of foliage-spray 0.3% after Zhan Ye, 1 time is sprayed every 15d, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution of later stage spray 0.3%, for preventing the hot and humid generation causing grape leaf portion anthrachose of grape in greenhouse, 1 50% carbendazim liquid of 600 ~ 800 times is sprayed every 15d, d. hardening: when seedling grows 5 leaves, when highly reaching 10cm, carry out hardening, add gradually in booth and ventilate, until canopy film is opened in half dew or full dewiness state, after hardening, nursery stock transplanting seedling-slowing stage is 2 ~ 5d, during hardening, seedling-slowing stage is not 10 ~ 14d, e. canopy is gone out: it is the first tenday period of a month in May that nursery stock goes out the canopy time, to moisture be controlled before going out canopy and be completely cured, moisture controls to be the important step before emerging, reduce bag humidity, when preventing from emerging roping and transplanting, in bag, Tu Tuo does loose, to ensure surviving of nursery stock, being completely cured is move nutritious bag in order, cuts off the root grown outside nutrition pocket,
Field cuttage and seedling culture method: according to the cuttage degree of depth, divide shallow inserting, dark slotting two kinds of methods: shallow slotting method is by after whole for furrow face thin leveling, spraying weed killer herbicide, insert spreading in first 5 ~ 7 days, to improve soil temperature, during cuttage, for not injuring cutting base portion tissue, first with the waddy slightly thicker than cutting, punch by the seeding row spacing of 12 ~ 15cm*25 ~ 30cm, waddy tip will be fined away, in case film is brought in soil, the cutting of bearing callus is inserted in hole gently, the degree of depth of cutting in soil is about 1/2 ~ 1/3 of cutting, general sand wants dark, partially sticky soil wants more shallow, water immediately after inserting, respectively at inserting latter 3rd day, within 6th ~ 7 days, water once little water again, can ensure to root, dark slotting method: furrow face is flattened, spray herbicide, pour water, overlay film, during cuttage, cutting is all inserted in soil, terminal bud and ground is only stayed to put down, 3 ~ 4cm is covered again above with fine earth,
Management after planting: in the season of growth, except equally carrying out conventional bud picking with other grape varieties, except sprouting tendril, also will taking following technical measures: carry out repeatedly pinching to master is climing; When seedling grows to about 70cm, during about 12, blade, carry out first time pinching, except a sublateral shoot continued growth is stayed on top, all the other sublateral shoots stay 2 ~ 3 leaf pinching; When the main sublateral shoot in top reaches 9, carry out second time pinching, the process of sublateral shoot is the same.Until before the Frost's Descent, repeatedly pinching repeatedly, process can reach that branch is strengthened, the object of bud satiation, summer pruning like this, suitably stay blade more, vegetative shoot pinching will at about 10, and sublateral shoot pinching will retain 2 ~ 3 leaves, is much higher than kyoto grape and stays the number of blade, only in this way guarantee red grape normal growth result, note foliage spray, Later growth will spray 3 ~ 4 times potassium dihydrogen phosphates, to promote that branches and tendrils are ripe.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention; The those of ordinary skill of all industry all can implement the present invention described in by specification swimmingly; But all those skilled in the art are not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, disclosed above technology contents can be utilized and make a little change, modify with differentiation equivalent variations, be Equivalent embodiments of the present invention; Meanwhile, all according to substantial technological of the present invention to the change of any equivalent variations that above embodiment is done, modify and differentiation etc., within the protection domain all still belonging to technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. grape single-bud nursery and a straight cutting garden building method, comprises the following steps:
Cutting gathers: cutting is chosen and can be carried out in conjunction with winter pruning, select variety pure, maturity is high, internode is short, eye is full, medulla is little, clip is emerald green, rugosity is 1 year new branch of life of 0.7 ~ 1.2cm, cutting length is 70 ~ 120cm, plant bar plastic ties and be bundled into 50/bundle, and kind is indicated on plastic strip, after cutting gathers, ferrous sulfate with 5% or Baume 5 degree of lime sulfur soaking disinfection 5min, imbed in storage hole in time, storage hole should select warm draining on the sunny side local smoothly, 15d foot water in advance, until soil reach should plough humidity time, dig dark 50 ~ 60cm, wide 1 ~ 1.5m hole,
Cutting of cutting cuts: cutting should be determined to cut into simple bud or two bud depending on concrete condition, and generally thicker cutting, sprout are full, more than internode 5cm can be cut into simple bud, otherwise should stay two bud, when cutting cutting, upper end will cut flat, apart from bud 0.5 ~ 1cm, lower end is cut into horse ear shape, immediately with rope or rubber band after shearing, restraint into a bundle for every 20, grasp lower end is neat, length is consistent, be housed in wet sand, after preparing enough cutting, cutting is put into clear water and soak 24 hours, be cerise with clip and saturated with water is as the criterion;
Root bed is urged to prepare: the width of bed is no more than 1.5 meters, higher at the middle portion temperature of bed, spacing can be slightly larger, and often temperature is lower on the both sides of bed, distance between heating wire can suitably reduce, the large I of root bed is urged to determine according to nursery amount, as urged the area needed for root large, when a heating wire is not enough, multiple process can be adopted to increase heating wire, electric heating bed most bottom surface paving 5 ~ 8cm sawdust, spread the fine sand of one deck 2 ~ 3cm above, heating wire is laid out after leveling, heating wire spacing 5 ~ 6cm, heating wire two ends will be fixed on object, after heating wire is balanced and is fixed, cover the wet sand of one deck 3 ~ 5cm above again, Shamian Island is flattened, by bundled for the cutting that soaks arranged vertically on wet sand, between bundle, the wet saw end that 2cm is thick is filled up between cutting, use the sub-uniform filling fine sand of dusting cover again, thickness stays the space of about 2cm to be advisable with cutting top, then the warm water of 25 ~ 30 DEG C is sprayed with watering can, thermometer is placed in cutting rhizosphere position, temperature controls between 25 ~ 28 DEG C, within 2 ~ 3 days, check a humidity, as humidity is inadequate, about 30 DEG C warm water should be sprayed,
Greenhouse by solar heat nutritious bag cuttage: the preparation nutrition pot grown seedling bag of a. nutritious bag selects high 16cm, wide 10cm, and base portion has 4 holes, and thickness is the plastic sack of 0.04mm, Nutrition Soil earth's surface mellow soil, clean river sand, the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed or sheep excrement pack after mixing even sieving by 8:1:1 mixing, nutritious bag will fill reality, and native face is lower than sack along 1cm, and the nutritious bag installed balances jam-packed by furrow in greenhouse by solar heat, stays the pavement of 30cm between furrow, so that operate between furrow, b. cuttage: cuttage period is early April, during cuttage inserts cutting the central authorities of bag, and terminal bud exceeds nutritious bag soil face 1cm, waters permeable after having inserted furrow immediately, on nutritious bag, then spreads 1cm fine sand preserve soil moisture, c. greenhouse management: after nutritious bag cuttage, temperature indoor air temperature controls at about 32 DEG C daytime, control night at about 12 DEG C, relative moisture remains on 85% ~ 90%, after rudiment, temperature controls at 25 ~ 28 DEG C daytime, control night at about 12 DEG C, will at the urea solution of foliage-spray 0.3% after Zhan Ye, 1 time is sprayed every 15d, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution of later stage spray 0.3%, for preventing the hot and humid generation causing grape leaf portion anthrachose of grape in greenhouse, 1 50% carbendazim liquid of 600 ~ 800 times is sprayed every 15d, d. hardening: when seedling grows 5 leaves, when highly reaching 10cm, carry out hardening, add gradually in booth and ventilate, until canopy film is opened in half dew or full dewiness state, after hardening, nursery stock transplanting seedling-slowing stage is 2 ~ 5d, during hardening, seedling-slowing stage is not 10 ~ 14d, e. canopy is gone out: it is the first tenday period of a month in May that nursery stock goes out the canopy time, to moisture be controlled before going out canopy and be completely cured, moisture controls to be the important step before emerging, reduce bag humidity, when preventing from emerging roping and transplanting, in bag, Tu Tuo does loose, to ensure surviving of nursery stock, being completely cured is move nutritious bag in order, cuts off the root grown outside nutrition pocket,
Field cuttage and seedling culture method: according to the cuttage degree of depth, divide shallow inserting, dark slotting two kinds of methods: shallow slotting method is by after whole for furrow face thin leveling, spraying weed killer herbicide, insert spreading in first 5 ~ 7 days, to improve soil temperature, during cuttage, for not injuring cutting base portion tissue, first with the waddy slightly thicker than cutting, punch by the seeding row spacing of 12 ~ 15cm*25 ~ 30cm, waddy tip will be fined away, in case film is brought in soil, the cutting of bearing callus is inserted in hole gently, the degree of depth of cutting in soil is about 1/2 ~ 1/3 of cutting, general sand wants dark, partially sticky soil wants more shallow, water immediately after inserting, respectively at inserting latter 3rd day, within 6th ~ 7 days, water once little water again, can ensure to root, dark slotting method: furrow face is flattened, spray herbicide, pour water, overlay film, during cuttage, cutting is all inserted in soil, terminal bud and ground is only stayed to put down, 3 ~ 4cm is covered again above with fine earth,
Management after planting: in the season of growth, except equally carrying out conventional bud picking with other grape varieties, except sprouting tendril, also will taking following technical measures: carry out repeatedly pinching to master is climing; When seedling grows to about 70cm, during about 12, blade, carry out first time pinching, except a sublateral shoot continued growth is stayed on top, all the other sublateral shoots stay 2 ~ 3 leaf pinching; When the main sublateral shoot in top reaches 9, carry out second time pinching, the process of sublateral shoot is the same, until before the Frost's Descent, repeatedly pinching repeatedly, such process can reach that branch is strengthened, the object of bud satiation, summer pruning, suitably stays blade more, and vegetative shoot pinching will at about 10, sublateral shoot pinching will retain 2 ~ 3 leaves, be much higher than kyoto grape and stay the number of blade, only in this way guarantee red grape normal growth result, note foliage spray, Later growth will spray 3 ~ 4 times potassium dihydrogen phosphates, to promote that branches and tendrils are ripe.
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| CN106489657A (en) * | 2016-10-30 | 2017-03-15 | 周振勇 | A kind of nutrition bagged grape cuttage planting technology |
| CN106718621A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-31 | 桐梓县茅石乡龙会村蔬菜种植场 | The implantation methods of grape |
| CN107494176A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-12-22 | 王凡勇 | A kind of grape cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN107896665A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-13 | 麻城市龙腾生态农业股份有限公司 | A kind of method of grape cuttage and seedling culture |
| CN109496672A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-22 | 湖南雪峰山酒庄有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Vitis labrusca var |
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| CN101292627A (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-29 | 蓟县林业局葡萄生产管理服务中心 | Industrial seedling raising method for vine hard branch single-bud cuttage |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101292627A (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-29 | 蓟县林业局葡萄生产管理服务中心 | Industrial seedling raising method for vine hard branch single-bud cuttage |
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| Title |
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| 日光温室葡萄单芽扦插育苗及管理技术;杨志彦等;《新疆农业科学》;20021231;第40卷(第3期);177-178 * |
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