CN103733822A

CN103733822A - Seed sowing method for ecological management plants

Info

Publication number: CN103733822A
Application number: CN201310019159.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 辛胜利; 孙淑英; 孙明文; 孙德森
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-01-05
Filing date: 2013-01-05
Publication date: 2014-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2033-01-05
Also published as: CN103733822B

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed sowing method for ecological management plants. The seed sowing method is mainly used for sowing seeds of the reclamation plants in arid area open pit coal mine soil-discharging fields, and mainly comprises the steps that strip mine high-quality soil and organic fertilizer are mixed to configurate nutrient soil, the nutrient soil is disinfected, sterilized and watered to form plant seed sowing base blocks, plant seeds which need to be sown are sown into soil on the surface layer of the plant seed sowing base blocks or water leakage planting holes, the bottom and periphery of the plant seed sowing base blocks are filled with earth surface soil and high-quality soil of a seed sowing site, which are used as the base soil, high-quality soil fertilizer is concentrated to the roots of the plants, clay fertilizer resources are concentratedly and efficiently utilized, the soil environment suitable for continuous growing of the plants is formed, the growth of the plants is accelerated, the seed, water and soil loss is avoided, and the ecological management quality in diggings is improved. Two-year manual cultivation is needed for grass planting, the vegetation coverage rate is improved by 5 percent to10 percent, and the survival rate of trees and shrubs reaches 80 percent to 85 percent after three-year manual cultivation.

Description

A kind of ecological management plant seeding method

Technical field

The present invention relates to Natural Grassland Under Arid Climate area ecological management plant seeding method, especially refer to the reclaim type of seeding of plant of area, grassland opencast coal mine dump, exploiting field.

Background technology

At present, known opencast coal mine dump, the reclaim sowing of plant of exploiting field is to adopt directly to cover ground surface soil and sow sub method and carry out, because area, grassland surface soil layer is shallow, most area topsoil thickness is between 2030cm, this limited soil resource is peeled off and is transported in the earthwork, cover refuse dump, in the process in exploiting field, run off, wastage is large, the inadequate covering of ground surface soil that causes Open pit Area stripping the to adopt area green coverage of should reclaiming, major part should be reclaimed afforested areas because lacking the ground surface soil sowing of reclaiming, plant is difficult to survival, severe water and soil erosion, soil sandstone are exposed, and then cause mining area vegetation Reclamation Engineering quality low, pollute source and can not get effective improvement, mining area periphery Grass Quality declines, grass-land deterioration.Development one can be avoided seed, water and soil loss, can make full use of again mining soil resource, expand the implantation methods of sowing area of reclaiming is to accelerate plant growth, improve plantation survival rate and ecology of mining areas governance quality, improve that mining area periphery ecology of grassland is badly in need of.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem that patent of the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of ecological management plant seeding method, this method is by integral in soil, fertilizer, subset, can make full use of clay fertilizer resource, expand plant seeding area, avoid water and soil, seed to run off, promote root system of plant and the growth of branch hat, can improve again sowing survival rate, increase vegetation coverage, accelerate Open pit Area periphery grassland ecology and administer process.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is realized by following scheme: it is characterized in that: the ground surface soil that opencut is peeled off out, warp, stone is chosen in aeolian sandy soil screening, by human and animal excreta, weeds are made fertilizer through fermentation, press the soil of 60%-80%, 20%-40% fertilizer is mixedly configured into Nutrition Soil, Nutrition Soil is through disinfection, adding water stirs into plant seeding matrix and processes raw material, by planting plants, need to make the spherical and thickness 2-15cm of diameter 2-15cm, diameter 2-15cm nahlock shape plant seeding matrix, sow careless plant seeding matrix, in processing and making process or before sowing, the seed 5-10 grain of choosing is sowed in the earth of the top layer of plant seeding matrix, the plant seeding matrix of sowing shrub seed is shaped with diameter 0.5-2cm, 1-12 of dark 2-8cm infiltration implantation hole, before sowing, 1-2 infiltration implantation hole filled up to Nutrition Soil, the seed 2-3 grain that in hole, sowing is chosen, remaining infiltration implantation hole plays infiltration, the effect of retaining.Mild location tilling width 10-35cm during sowing, dark 15-35cm kind is planted ditch, high hillside fields section is dug diameter 15-35cm, dark 15-35cm kind plant hole, by the ground surface soil in sowing place, do the matrix soil of plant seeding matrix, do not have the place Nutrition Soil of ground surface soil to do matrix soil, during sowing, in plant seeding matrix bottom, fill out 5-15cm matrix soil, put into plant seeding matrix, fill out 5-10cm matrix soil around, plant careless plant seeding matrix sowing spacing distance 20-30cm, line-spacing 30-60cm, the plant seeding matrix sowing spacing distance 30-100cm of shrub, line-spacing 100-200cm, after plant seeding matrix is sowed, fill in ditch with soil, fix canal, cave.Sowing grass seed: First Year pouring 2-3 time, Second Year pouring 1-2 time, the root system development maturation of grass after 2 years can be bred, grow under normal climatic environment; Sowing shrub seed: First Year pouring 3-4 all over, 1-2 time hoes up weeds, Second Year pouring 2-3 all over, 1-2 time hoes up weeds, a little less than staying strong removing, once, fertilising once in thinning, the 3rd year pouring 1-3 all over, 1-2 time hoes up weeds, once, after 3 years, seedling root branch hat obtains good development growth in fertilising, and cold-resistant, drought resisting, the premunition of nursery stock self strengthen, carry out every year 1-2 all over watering, hoeing up weeds, loosen the soil later, can grow and grow into forest.

Advantage of the present invention is: a kind of ecological management plant seeding method, utilize opencut high-quality soil and fertilizer to be hybridly prepared into Nutrition Soil, Nutrition Soil is through sterilization, sterilization, add water and make plant seeding matrix, the plant seed of needs sowing is sowed in the earth of plant seeding matrix top layer or seep water in implantation hole, with plant seeding matrix integrator, during sowing, sow the ground surface soil in place, high-quality soil is as matrix soil, fill out the bottom of plant seeding matrix and around, lack ground surface soil, the sowing place of high-quality soil, do matrix soil with Nutrition Soil, high-quality clay fertilizer is concentrated on to plant root, form kind of a soil environment that is applicable to the lasting growth of plant, facts have proved that this kind of method can increase plant root soil fertility and water holding soil moisture conservation, guarantee the nutrient that seed development and plant growth need, solve paving table soil sowing comprehensively, the table soil depth inequality causing, table soil is not enough, soil and seed run off serious, sowing seed viability is low, the problem that vegetation coverage is low, can concentrate and utilize efficiently soil, fertile resource, avoid soil, fertile, the loss of seed, expand plant seeding area, improve sowing survival rate and vegetation coverage, at soil depletion, the area of desertifying, sowing suitable plant seed also can grow preferably.After parching, plant seeding matrix filling, fortune, unload, cracky not in storage process, can shift to an earlier date processing and fabricating, deposit for a long time, and long distance transportation, in the spring, summer, begin sowing in good time autumn, and plant seeding matrix integrates clay fertilizer seed, reduced sowing program, and seeding quality is high, progress is fast, processes raw material through disinfection, can avoid germ to seed, the injury of root system of plant, when rainfall or manual watering, canal, matrix soil and plant seeding matrix infiltration implantation hole in cave are accumulated more rainwater, plant seeding matrix is holding in the soaking into of large quantity of moisture soil, can continue to absorb moisture, volume is softening expansion gradually, seed absorbs nutrition and moisture starts germinating growth, the soil of periphery can meet plant and continue the needed nutrient of growth and moisture, and plant survival rate is high, riotous growth, be evenly distributed, can cut and hold sleet, avoid water and soil loss, the root system of plant, dry branches and fallen leaves energy soil and slope protection, improvement soil, forms the soil environment that is applicable to the growth of plant community natural breed.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing for an embodiment:

Fig. 1 is kind of a tree nahlock shape planting matrix portion view.

Fig. 2 is the spherical planting matrix of kind of grass cutaway view.

Fig. 3 is kind of a tree nahlock shape planting matrix schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is the spherical planting matrix of kind of grass schematic diagram.

In Fig. 1,1 is planting matrix matrix soil, and in Fig. 3,2 is infiltration implantation hole, and in Fig. 4,3 is sowing seeds in the earth of top layer.

Embodiment

As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, opencut is shelled to the ground surface soil that extraction comes, aeolian sandy soil, stone is chosen in warp screening, by human and animal excreta, branch is made fertilizer through fermentation, by 70% soil, 30% fertilizer is mixedly configured into Nutrition Soil, Nutrition Soil is through disinfection, adding water stirs into plant seeding matrix and processes raw material, by planting plants, need to make the spherical and thickness 7cm of diameter 8cm, diameter 8cm nahlock shape plant seeding matrix, in process or before plantation, by the planting seed of choosing in the earth of the top layer of plant seeding matrix or infiltration implantation hole in, mild location tilling width 25cm during sowing, dark 25cm kind is planted ditch, high hillside fields section is dug diameter 25cm, dark 30cm kind plant hole, plant seeding matrix is before implanting in ditch, the thick ground surface soil of 15cm is filled out in bottom, planting base is sowed on table soil, fill out the thick ground surface soil of 10cm around, planting matrix top covering table soil is no more than 2cm, , plant careless plant seeding matrix sowing spacing distance 30cm, line-spacing 50cm, the planting matrix sowing spacing distance 70cm of plantation shrub, line-spacing 160cm, fix dash canal and water cave.Plant careless First Year pouring 3 times, Second Year pouring 2 times, removes weeds every year one time, and the root system development maturation of grass after 2 years can bred, grow under normal climatic environment; Sowing shrub, First Year pouring 3 times, hoe up weeds 1 time, Second Year pouring 2 times, thinning, hoe up weeds, repair cave 1 time, pouring in the 3rd year 2 times, hoes up weeds, repaiies cave one time, fertilizer applied in the spring season once, after 3 years, seedling root branch hat obtains good development growth, and cold-resistant, drought resisting, the premunition of nursery stock self strengthen, and later 2-3 carries out every year single-dose application, hoes up weeds.Ansu apricot, matrimony vine, 3 years survival rates of cloves reach 80%, and sea-buckthorn, caragana microphylla, 3 years survival rates of elm reach 85%, and vegetation coverage improves 5%-10%.

Claims

1. an ecological management plant seeding method, it is characterized in that: the ground surface soil that opencut is peeled off out, warp, stone is chosen in aeolian sandy soil screening, by human and animal excreta, weeds are made fertilizer through fermentation, press the soil of 60%-80%, 20%-40% fertilizer is mixedly configured into Nutrition Soil, Nutrition Soil is through disinfection, adding water stirs into plant seeding matrix and processes raw material, by planting plants, need to make the spherical and thickness 2-15cm of diameter 2-15cm, diameter 2-15cm nahlock shape plant seeding matrix, sow careless plant seeding matrix, in processing and making process or before sowing, the seed 5-10 grain of choosing is sowed in the earth of the top layer of plant seeding matrix, the plant seeding matrix of sowing shrub seed is shaped with diameter 0.5-2cm, 1-12 of dark 2-8cm infiltration implantation hole, before sowing, 1-2 infiltration implantation hole filled up to Nutrition Soil, the seed 2-3 grain that in hole, sowing is chosen, remaining infiltration implantation hole plays infiltration, the effect of retaining, mild location tilling width 10-35cm during sowing, dark 15-35cm kind is planted ditch, high hillside fields section is dug diameter 15-35cm, dark 15-35cm kind plant hole, by the ground surface soil in sowing place, do the matrix soil of plant seeding matrix, do not have the place Nutrition Soil of ground surface soil to do matrix soil, during sowing, in plant seeding matrix bottom, fill out 5-15cm matrix soil, put into plant seeding matrix, fill out 5-10cm matrix soil around, plant careless plant seeding matrix sowing spacing distance 20-30cm, line-spacing 30-60cm, the plant seeding matrix sowing spacing distance 30-100cm of shrub, line-spacing 100-200cm, after plant seeding matrix is sowed, fill in ditch with soil, fix canal, cave, sowing grass seed: First Year pouring 2-3 time, Second Year pouring 1-2 time, the root system development maturation of grass after 2 years, can under normal climatic environment, breed, growth, sowing shrub seed: First Year pouring 3-4 time, 1-2 time hoes up weeds, Second Year pouring 2-3 time, 1-2 time hoes up weeds, a little less than staying strong removing, thinning once, fertilising once, the 3rd year pouring 1-3 time, 1-2 time hoes up weeds, fertilising once, after 3 years, seedling root branch hat obtains good development growth, nursery stock self cold-resistant, drought resisting, premunition strengthens, carry out every year 1-2 all over pouring later, hoe up weeds, loosen the soil, can grow and grow into forest.

2. ecological management plant seeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: plant seeding matrix is by soil, fertilizer, seed group integrator, table soil, the high-quality soil in plantation place fill out the bottom of plant seeding matrix and around.