CN103703987B - Method for regulating flowering phase of camellia japonica - Google Patents
Method for regulating flowering phase of camellia japonica Download PDFInfo
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- CN103703987B CN103703987B CN201310730698.8A CN201310730698A CN103703987B CN 103703987 B CN103703987 B CN 103703987B CN 201310730698 A CN201310730698 A CN 201310730698A CN 103703987 B CN103703987 B CN 103703987B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for regulating a flowering phase of camellia japonica. A chemical regulating method is combined with a physical regulating method, flowering phase management is regulated through hormone applied twice, temperature and humidity are regulated, fertilizer and water management is improved, temperature regulation is carried out after the camellia japonica blooms, the flowering phase of the camellia japonica is effectively regulated, the camellia japonica can bloom 15-30 days earlier, the flowering phase of the camellia japonica can be prolonged by 15-40 days, the flowering phase can be more accurately regulated, and the ornament quality of the camellia japonica is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant cultivation, particularly relate to a kind of regulate and control the method at camellia florescence.
Background technology
Camellia is the evergreen shrubs of camellia section.Belong to Theaceae, evergreen shrubs or dungarunga, Gao Keda 3 ~ 4m, spend single generation being born in axil or branch top, petal is bordering on circle, and mutation polyphyll petal can reach 50 ~ 60, and the color of flower, red, white, yellow, purple, mass colour all has, very bright-coloured.Florescence is different because kind is different, and from having between April in October to next year, the flowers are in blossom puts.The proud plum strength of character that camellia has " have camellia only very durable, solely deeply can account for spring breeze by the moon ", has again the bright-coloured of the icepro tree peony of " spending numerous bright red; deeply take rosy clouds dawn by force ", therefore be exactly the Woody flower being rich in great reputation since ancient times, in the Tang and Song Dynasty two towards reaching the border of reaching the peak of perfection, until behind 17th century introducing Europe, cause sensation, also therefore obtain the good name of " world's famous flower ", leaf is avette or oval, and there is serration at edge, keratin, surperficial bright green.
In currently available technology, plant flowers period regulation has the selection in kind different, physical regulating and chemical regulation, regulate and control method is all more single, but plant is in the various different factors impact of necessary for growth, the growth demand meeting plant of such ability each side, can also improve the growth quality of plant, so the method for the regulation florescence that combined with chemical regulation by physical regulating is more effective.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing deficiency provide a kind of regulate and control the method at camellia florescence.The method regulation florescence fast and effectively that the present invention adopts physical regulating and chemical regulation to combine, makes camellia submit to and blooms for 15-30 days, and can make camellia longer blooming period 15-40 days, more accurate to the regulation and control at florescence.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Regulate and control the method at camellia florescence, it is characterized in that:
(1) hormone regulating and controlling: starting for 90 days before expectation camellia is bloomed carries out first time short flower, first time at the short florescence is limited to 30 days, carry out 4 hormone solution in 30 days to spray, spraying time is separated by 12 days with second time spraying time first, all the other sprayed once every 9 days, the short flower of second time is expecting carrying out for first 20 days of flowering stage, within every 5 days, carry out a hormone solution to spray, described hormone solution is gibberellin GA3 solution, first time, the short gibberellin GA3 solution concentration spending use was 12-20mg/L, and each spray concentration successively increases 15-20mg/L, the gibberellin GA3 solution concentration that the short flower of second time uses is 20-70mg/L,
(2) temperature and humidity management: expecting camellia the flowers are in blossom to be the environment of 16-20 degree Celsius for camellia manufacture diurnal temperature in first 60 days, within first 30 days, be the described camellia manufacture environment of 20-28 degree Celsius what expect that camellia blooms, humidity remains on 70%-80%;
(3) rich water quality management: described first time urge flower while be that camellia applies fertilizer 1 time, use phosphate fertilizer 30-40 part, potash fertilizer 10-15 part, farmyard manure 20-40 part, expecting that the single-dose application fertilizing amount of carrying out for first 30 days of blooming is phosphate fertilizer 20-35 part, farmyard manure 30-45 part;
(4) temperature is adjusted to 16 degrees Celsius by the camellia operating period.
Preferably, between the second time short florescence, in described temperature and humidity management, night is the environment of 20 degrees Celsius, day temperature 23-25 degree Celsius, nocturnal temperature heats up 1 degree Celsius for every 5 days, day temperature every 10 days intensification 2-3 degree Celsius, remain on for 11 the end of month between 25-28 degree Celsius, when camellia outputs bud, the temperature of camellia is remained on 15-18 degree Celsius.
Preferably, described second time carries out increase illumination management 20 days while urging flower, and increase 3-6 h light every day, described intensity of illumination is 2000-2600lux, manages subsequently according to circadian.
Preferably, described moisture management night is 80%, and daytime is 74%.
Preferably, described first time urgees to spend middle rich water quality management to use 35 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 12 parts, potash fertilizer, farmyard manure 10 parts, and it is 25 parts, phosphate fertilizer that described second time urgees fertilizing amount in fertilizers for potted flowers water management, farmyard manure 40 parts.
A kind of beneficial effect extending the method at camellia florescence of the present invention: the temperature at camellia night is adjusted to 16-20 degree Celsius, rise to 20-28 degree Celsius daytime and carry out flower forcing, break the resting stage of camellia, promote camellia growth fast, and effectively can regulate and control the florescence of camellia, the short flower of second time increases the intense light irradiation management of 3-6 hour every day while using gibberellin GA3 solution regulation florescence, make the flowering rate of camellia improve 10%, temperature is adjusted to 16 degrees Celsius by camellia duration of flowering, can extend the florescence of open camellia, have the opening that can ensure other unopened camellias, and that greatly improves camellia views and admires quality, plant growth fraction on daytime is comparatively slow, and general growth at night is comparatively quick, and humidity remained on 80% and was more conducive to moisture required in plant growth and supplements night, thus the regulation and control at more effective promotion camellia florescence, the present invention to combine regulation florescence with chemical regulation and physical regulating usually, from the growth rhythm of more omnibearing control camellia, thus can more effectively and accurately can control the florescence of camellia, of a great variety and the source of farmyard manure is wide, quantity is large, be convenient to gather materials on the spot, use on the spot, cost is also lower, containing a lot of trace element, nutriment is more comprehensive, promote the formation of soil aggregate, the ratio of soil air and water is coordinated, make loosing soil, increase water conservation, insulation, ventilative, the ability of fertilizer conservation, add that chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure mix use, meet the various nutrient components that camellia is required in fast growth process, improve fertilizer efficiency, regulate soil, ensure that camellia still can be healthy in the process changing growth rhythm, high-quality growth.
Embodiment
Further describe in detail the present invention below, following each embodiment, only for illustration of the present invention, does not limit the present invention.
Embodiment one
The invention provides a kind of method extending the camellia florescence, comprise hormone regulating and controlling: starting for 90 days before expectation camellia is bloomed carries out first time short flower, first time at the short florescence is limited to 30 days, carry out 4 hormone solution in 30 days to spray, spraying time is separated by 12 days with second time spraying time first, all the other sprayed once every 9 days, and the gibberellin GA3 solution concentration of use is 12mg/L, and each spray concentration successively increases 15mg/L; First time is that camellia applies fertilizer 1 time while urging flower, use phosphate fertilizer 30-40 part, potash fertilizer 10-15 part, farmyard manure 20-40 part, within first 30 days, single-dose application is carried out again what expect to bloom, fertilizing amount is phosphate fertilizer 20-35 part, farmyard manure 30-45 part, the short flower of second time is expecting carrying out for first 20 days of flowering stage, within every 5 days, carry out a hormone solution to spray, the gibberellin GA3 solution concentration used is 35mg/L, while the short flower of second time, every day increases 3-6 h light and manages 20 days, described intensity of illumination is 2000-2600lux, manages subsequently according to circadian; Expecting camellia the flowers are in blossom to manufacture the environment that diurnal temperature is 16-20 degree Celsius for camellia in first 60 days, within first 30 days, be the environment of described camellia manufacture 20-28 degree Celsius what expect that camellia blooms, humidity remains between 70%-80%.
Embodiment two
Starting for 90 days before expectation camellia is bloomed carries out first time short flower, first time at the short florescence is limited to 30 days, carry out 4 hormone solution in 30 days to spray, spraying time is separated by 12 days with second time spraying time first, all the other sprayed once every 9 days, the gibberellin GA3 solution concentration used is 12mg/L, and each spray concentration successively increases 15mg/L; First time is that camellia applies fertilizer 1 time while urging flower, use 35 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 12 parts, potash fertilizer, farmyard manure 30 parts, within first 30 days, single-dose application is carried out again what expect to bloom, fertilizing amount is 25 parts, phosphate fertilizer, farmyard manure 40 parts, the short flower of second time is expecting carrying out for first 20 days of flowering stage, and within every 5 days, carry out a hormone solution and spray, the gibberellin GA3 solution concentration of use is 35mg/L; Expecting camellia the flowers are in blossom to be the environment of 18 degrees Celsius for camellia manufacture diurnal temperature in first 60 days, within first 30 days, be described camellia manufacture night be the environment of 20 degrees Celsius what expect that camellia blooms, day temperature 25 degrees Celsius, nocturnal temperature heats up 1 degree Celsius for every 5 days, day temperature every 10 days intensification 2-3 degree Celsius, 11 the end of month maintained the temperature at 28 degrees Celsius, when camellia outputs bud, the temperature of camellia were remained on 18 degrees Celsius, night, humidity was 80%, and daytime is 74%.
Claims (5)
1. regulate and control the method at camellia florescence, it is characterized in that:
(1) hormone regulating and controlling: starting for 90 days before expectation camellia is bloomed carries out first time short flower, first time at the short florescence is limited to 30 days, carry out 4 hormone solution in 30 days to spray, spraying time is separated by 12 days with second time spraying time first, all the other sprayed once every 9 days, the short flower of second time is expecting carrying out for first 20 days of flowering stage, within every 5 days, carry out a hormone solution to spray, described hormone solution is gibberellin GA3 solution, first time, the short gibberellin GA3 solution concentration spending use was 12-20mg/L, and each spray concentration successively increases 15-20mg/L, the gibberellin GA3 solution concentration that the short flower of second time uses is 20-70mg/L,
(2) temperature and humidity management: expecting camellia the flowers are in blossom to be the environment of 16-20 degree Celsius for camellia manufacture diurnal temperature in first 60 days, within first 30 days, be the described camellia manufacture environment of 20-28 degree Celsius what expect that camellia blooms, humidity remains on 70%-80%;
(3) rich water quality management: described first time urge flower while be that camellia applies fertilizer 1 time, use phosphate fertilizer 30-40 part, potash fertilizer 10-15 part, farmyard manure 20-40 part, expecting that the single-dose application fertilizing amount of carrying out for first 30 days of blooming is phosphate fertilizer 20-35 part, farmyard manure 30-45 part;
(4) temperature is adjusted to 16 degrees Celsius by the camellia operating period.
2. regulate and control the method at camellia florescence as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, between the second time short florescence, in described temperature and humidity management, night is the environment of 20 degrees Celsius, day temperature 23-25 degree Celsius, nocturnal temperature heats up 1 degree Celsius for every 5 days, day temperature every 10 days intensification 2-3 degree Celsius, remain between 25-28 degree Celsius, when camellia outputs bud, the temperature of camellia is remained on 15-18 degree Celsius 11 the end of month.
3. regulate and control the method at camellia florescence as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described second time carries out increase illumination management 20 days while urging flower, increases 3-6 h light every day, intensity of illumination is 2000-2600lux, manages subsequently according to circadian.
4. regulate and control the method at camellia florescence as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described moisture management night is 80%, and daytime is 74%.
5. regulate and control the method at camellia florescence as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described first time urgees to spend middle rich water quality management to use 35 parts, phosphate fertilizer, 12 parts, potash fertilizer, farmyard manure 30 parts, and it is 25 parts, phosphate fertilizer that described second time urgees fertilizing amount in fertilizers for potted flowers water management, farmyard manure 40 parts.
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| CN104081992B (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-02-03 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | A kind of regulate and control method extending the European floral leaf rose of Sharon florescence |
| CN104081985A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | Flower control method for chloranthus spicatus |
| CN104472302A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 苏州青青生态种植园 | Flower period management method of peach trees in greenhouse |
| CN105850626A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 镇远县醉美果业有限公司 | Flowering-phase management method for honey peaches |
| CN106489568B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2020-06-19 | 佛山市林业科学研究所 | Method for regulating flowering phase and flowering quality of strong scented tea by using exogenous hormones |
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| CN107211752A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-29 | 佛山市幻实科技有限公司 | A kind of method of strong fragrant flower florescence control |
| CN107197686A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-09-26 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | A kind of florescence control method of the potted plant camellia of merchandized handling |
| CN107484607A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-12-19 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of regulation and control method at camellia florescence |
| CN108849185A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 天柱县佳源科技开发有限公司 | A method of extending the tea plum blossom phase |
| CN108849184A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 天柱县佳源科技开发有限公司 | A method of extending the red red florescence |
| CN108849186A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 天柱县佳源科技开发有限公司 | A method of extending the Camellia nitidissima florescence |
| CN109156304A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-08 | 宜宾云辰乔木园林有限责任公司 | A method of extending the perennial plant florescence |
| CN109566289B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-05-11 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Method for promoting festuca arundinacea to fruit in advance |
| CN109845608B (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2021-01-05 | 贵州师范大学 | Method for regulating and controlling secondary flowering of verbena salicifolia |
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