CN107484607A - A kind of regulation and control method at camellia florescence - Google Patents
A kind of regulation and control method at camellia florescence Download PDFInfo
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- CN107484607A CN107484607A CN201710736475.0A CN201710736475A CN107484607A CN 107484607 A CN107484607 A CN 107484607A CN 201710736475 A CN201710736475 A CN 201710736475A CN 107484607 A CN107484607 A CN 107484607A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of regulation and control method at camellia florescence, including steps such as hormone regulating and controlling, temperature and humidity management, rich water quality management, illumination managements, the present invention can break the natural law grown and bloomed of camellia, the florescence of effective regulation and control camellia, effectively rich water quality management and hormone regulating and controlling have been carried out to camellia simultaneously, so that the florescence of camellia is on the basis of ensureing unanimously, efficiently controlled, realize camellia off-season flowering, so that the growing and cultivating of camellia complies with the market demand, the benefit of camellia grower is substantially increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of regulation and control method at camellia florescence.
Background technology
Camellia (Camellia japonica) also known as camellia, it is Theaceae Camellia Plants, evergreen shrubs or little Qiao
Wood is high up to 3~4m.Camellia flower appearance is plentiful, dignified graceful, is one of ten big famous flower of Chinese tradition.And world's famous flower it
One, camellia is the evergreen shrubs of camellia section.Resistance to winter, graceful sieve etc..Trunk is smoothly hairless.Leaf elliptical or oval shape, edge have
Serration, keratin, surface bright green.Hua Dan is generated to being born in axil or branch top, and petal is bordering on circle, and mutation polyphyll petal is reachable
50~60, colored color is red, white, yellow, purple to have, very bright-coloured.Florescence is different because kind is different, from October to next year
There is the flowers are in blossom to put between April.Capsule is circular, and autumn Mo is ripe, but most of hose-in-hoses can not result.The bud differentiation of camellia is begun
6~July, the florescence, the florescence of wherein most kind was in or so March between April in December to next year.Camellia has
The proud plum strength of character of " having that camellia is very durable only, solely can account for spring breeze by the deep moon ", have again " spending numerous bright red, take dawn rosy clouds by force deeply " icepro tree peony it is fresh
It is gorgeous, therefore be exactly the Woody flower for being rich in great reputation since ancient times, in the Tang and Song Dynasty two towards the border reached the peak of perfection has been reached, until 17 generation
To record after introducing Europe, cause to cause a sensation, also therefore obtain the good name of " world's famous flower ", leaf elliptical or oval shape, there is serration at edge,
Keratin, surface bright green.
At present, in the purpose at China's control camellia florescence, mainly promote camellia open during National Day.It is existing
In technology, by commonsense methods such as the single heating of routine plus light, winter florescence control is carried out to camellia, it is difficult to effectively
Regulate and control the florescence of camellia, and plant florescence control has the selection in kind different, physical regulating and chemical regulation, regulates and controls method
It is all relatively simple, but plant needs a variety of factors to influence in growth course.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：For above-mentioned deficiency, the invention provides a kind of regulation and control at camellia florescence
Method.The present invention can break the natural law grown and bloomed of camellia, the florescence of effective regulation and control camellia, together
When effectively rich water quality management and hormone regulating and controlling have been carried out to camellia so that the florescence of camellia ensure it is consistent on the basis of,
Efficiently controlled, realize camellia off-season flowering so that the growing and cultivating of camellia complies with the market demand, significantly
Improve the benefit of camellia grower.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of regulation and control method at camellia florescence, comprises the following steps：
（1）Hormone regulating and controlling：90d before expectation camellia is bloomed is proceeded by promotees flower for the first time, and rush florescence first time is limited to
2~3 hormone solution sprinklings are carried out in 30d, 30d, spraying time and second of spraying time are separated by 13~15d first, remaining
Every 9~11d sprinklings once, second of rush flower 20~25d before florescence is expected is carried out, and every 7~9d carries out a hormone
Spray solution, the hormone solution are heteroauxin solution, promote every time the heteroauxin solution concentration that uses of flower for 300~
500mg/L indolebutyric acid leaching 3~5h of root, and spray 900~1000 times of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acids 1 time；
（2）Temperature and humidity management：Nocturnal temperature, using air conditioner facility, is progressively reduced to by 55~60d before the flowers are in blossom in expectation camellia
12~13 DEG C, it is maintained at 19~21 DEG C daytime, and continues 35d, then gradually rise temperature, ensures that its nocturnal temperature rises to 16
~20 DEG C, daytime, growth temperature was maintained between 22~25 DEG C, and humidity remains at 81~84%；
（3）Rich water quality management：Start in the 30d for promoting the florescence to before blooming, increase fertilizer application frequency for the weak plant of growth potential, often
It is secondary to be well mixed and applied fertilizer using 30~40 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 10~15 parts of potash fertilizer, 25~35 parts of farm manure, every 7~10d fertilisings one
It is secondary, until plant growing way is basically identical, for the strong control water of growing way, fertilizer, during the weak parent's fertilising of growing way, the strong parent of growing way
Do not refertilize；
（4）Illumination management：Promote to carry out light filling to camellia since 35d in the florescence, before daily sunrise or post sunset light filling is big
In equal to 3h light application times, intensity of illumination is kept in illumination period in 1500~1700Lux.
Further, in step（1）, described second promote the florescence between nocturnal temperature be 16~18 DEG C, day temperature 21
~23 DEG C, nocturnal temperature heats up 1~2 DEG C per 5d, and day temperature heats up 2~3 DEG C per 10d, and 11 the end of month were maintained at 25~27 DEG C, treated
Camellia controls temperature when outputing bud be 16~18 DEG C.
Further, in step（2）, in the temperature and humidity management camellia operating period temperature is adjusted to 16~18 DEG C.
Further, in step（3）, camellia Post flowering strengthens Nutrition Management in the water and fertilizer management, increases N fertilizer and uses
Amount, it is well mixed and is applied fertilizer using 65~85 parts of urea, 125~155 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 30~45 parts of farm manure, every mu is applied 50kg,
Imposed in three times, every mu of initial bloom stage applies 20kg, and every mu of full-bloom stage applies 15kg, and every mu of Flowers ending applies 15kg.
Further, in step（4）, promote for second in the illumination management to carry out while flower to increase illumination management 18~
20d, increase by 4~5h light application times daily, intensity of illumination is 2200~2400Lux, is then managed according to circadian.
In summary, the present invention has the positive effect that as a result of such scheme：
（1）Flower forcing is carried out using temperature control method, breaks the rest period of camellia, rapidly promotes camellia flower growth, and can be effective
Regulate and control the florescence of camellia；Second of rush flower increases intense light irradiation management daily while using hormone solution regulation florescence, makes mountain
The flowering rate of camellia improves 12.7%；Temperature is adjusted to 16~18 DEG C by camellia duration of flowering, can extend what is opened
The florescence of camellia, and can ensure the opening of other unopened camellias, and greatly improve camellia views and admires quality；The present invention
From the growth rhythm of more comprehensive control camellia the florescence of camellia can be accurately controlled so as to more effective；Science
The rational application of fertilizer, nutriment is more comprehensive, promotes the formation of soil granular structure, coordinates the ratio of soil air and water,
Make loosing soil, increase water conservation, insulation, the ventilative, ability of fertilizer conservation, meet camellia various needed for fast growth process
Nutritional ingredient, fertilizer efficiency is improved, adjust soil, ensure that camellia still can healthy, high quality life in change growth rhythm process
It is long.
（2）The present invention can break the natural law grown and bloomed of camellia, effective regulation and control camellia
Florescence, while effectively rich water quality management and hormone regulating and controlling have been carried out to camellia so that the florescence of camellia is ensureing unanimously
On the basis of, efficiently controlled, realize camellia off-season flowering so that the growing and cultivating of camellia is complied with market and needed
Ask, substantially increase the benefit of camellia grower.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment to a kind of regulation and control method at camellia florescence of the present invention, it is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of regulation and control method at camellia florescence, comprises the following steps：
（1）Hormone regulating and controlling：90d before expectation camellia is bloomed is proceeded by promotees flower for the first time, and rush florescence first time is limited to
2~3 hormone solutions sprinklings are carried out in 30d, 30d, spraying time and second of spraying time are separated by 13d first, remaining every
9d is sprayed once, and second of rush flower is carried out in the preceding 20d for expecting florescence, and per 7d, hormone solution sprinkling of progress, described to swash
Plain solution is heteroauxin solution, promotees the indolebutyric acid that the heteroauxin solution concentration that flower uses is 300mg/L every time and soaks root 3h,
And spray 900 times of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acids 1 time；Nocturnal temperature is 16 DEG C between second of rush florescence, and day temperature is 21 DEG C, nocturnal temperature
Heated up 1 DEG C per 5d, day temperature is heated up 2 DEG C per 10d, and 11 the end of month were maintained at 25 DEG C, and temperature is controlled when camellia outputs bud
Spend for 16 DEG C；
（2）Temperature and humidity management：Expecting the camellia preceding 55d that the flowers are in blossom, using air conditioner facility, nocturnal temperature is progressively reduced to 12
DEG C, it is maintained at 19 DEG C daytime, and continue 35d, temperature is then gradually risen, ensures that its nocturnal temperature rises to 16 DEG C, life on daytime
Long temperature is maintained between 22 DEG C, and humidity remains at 81%；The camellia operating period is by temperature in the temperature and humidity management
It is adjusted to 16 DEG C；
（3）Rich water quality management：Start in the 30d for promoting the florescence to before blooming, increase fertilizer application frequency for the weak plant of growth potential, often
It is secondary to be well mixed and applied fertilizer using 30 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 10 parts of potash fertilizer, 25 parts of farm manure, every 7d fertilisings once, until plant growing way
Basically identical, for the strong control water of growing way, fertilizer, when the weak parent of growing way applies fertilizer, the strong parent of growing way does not refertilize；The water
Camellia Post flowering strengthens Nutrition Management in fertilizer management, increases N fertilizer usage amounts, uses 65 parts of urea, 125 parts of phosphate fertilizer, farm manure
30 parts well mixed to be applied fertilizer, and every mu is applied 50kg, is imposed in three times, and every mu of initial bloom stage applies 20kg, and every mu of full-bloom stage is applied
15kg, every mu of Flowers ending apply 15kg；
（4）Illumination management：Promote to carry out light filling to camellia since 35d in the florescence, before daily sunrise or post sunset light filling is big
In equal to 3h light application times, intensity of illumination is kept in illumination period in 1500Lux；Promote the same of flower in the illumination management for the second time
Shi Jinhang increases illumination management 18d, increases 4h light application times daily, intensity of illumination 2200Lux, then enters according to circadian
Row management.
Embodiment 2
A kind of regulation and control method at camellia florescence, comprises the following steps：
（1）Hormone regulating and controlling：90d before expectation camellia is bloomed is proceeded by promotees flower for the first time, and rush florescence first time is limited to
2~3 hormone solutions sprinklings are carried out in 30d, 30d, spraying time and second of spraying time are separated by 15d first, remaining every
11d is sprayed once, and second of rush flower is carried out in the preceding 25d for expecting florescence, and per 9d, hormone solution sprinkling of progress, described to swash
Plain solution is heteroauxin solution, promotees the indolebutyric acid that the heteroauxin solution concentration that flower uses is 500mg/L every time and soaks root 5h,
And spray 1000 times of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acids 1 time；Nocturnal temperature is 18 DEG C between second of rush florescence, and day temperature is 23 DEG C, night temperature
Degree heats up 2 DEG C per 5d, and day temperature heats up 3 DEG C per 10d, and 11 the end of month were maintained at 27 DEG C, were controlled when camellia outputs bud
Temperature is 18 DEG C；
（2）Temperature and humidity management：Expecting the camellia preceding 60d that the flowers are in blossom, using air conditioner facility, nocturnal temperature is progressively reduced to 13
DEG C, it is maintained at 21 DEG C daytime, and continue 35d, temperature is then gradually risen, ensures that its nocturnal temperature rises to 20 DEG C, life on daytime
Long temperature is maintained between 25 DEG C, and humidity remains at 84%；The camellia operating period is by temperature in the temperature and humidity management
It is adjusted to 18 DEG C；
（3）Rich water quality management：Start in the 30d for promoting the florescence to before blooming, increase fertilizer application frequency for the weak plant of growth potential, often
It is secondary to be well mixed and applied fertilizer using 40 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 15 parts of potash fertilizer, 35 parts of farm manure, every 10d fertilisings once, until plant growing way
Basically identical, for the strong control water of growing way, fertilizer, when the weak parent of growing way applies fertilizer, the strong parent of growing way does not refertilize；The water
Camellia Post flowering strengthens Nutrition Management in fertilizer management, increases N fertilizer usage amounts, uses 85 parts of urea, 155 parts of phosphate fertilizer, farm manure
45 parts well mixed to be applied fertilizer, and every mu is applied 50kg, is imposed in three times, and every mu of initial bloom stage applies 20kg, and every mu of full-bloom stage is applied
15kg, every mu of Flowers ending apply 15kg；
（4）Illumination management：Promote to carry out light filling to camellia since 35d in the florescence, before daily sunrise or post sunset light filling is big
In equal to 3h light application times, intensity of illumination is kept in illumination period in 1700Lux；Promote the same of flower in the illumination management for the second time
Shi Jinhang increases illumination management 20d, increases 5h light application times daily, intensity of illumination 2400Lux, then enters according to circadian
Row management.
Embodiment 3
A kind of regulation and control method at camellia florescence, comprises the following steps：
（1）Hormone regulating and controlling：90d before expectation camellia is bloomed is proceeded by promotees flower for the first time, and rush florescence first time is limited to
2~3 hormone solution sprinklings are carried out in 30d, 30d, spraying time and second of spraying time are separated by 13~14d first, remaining
Every 9~10d sprinklings once, second of rush flower 22~23d before florescence is expected is carried out, and every 8~9d carries out a hormone
Spray solution, the hormone solution are heteroauxin solution, promote every time the heteroauxin solution concentration that uses of flower for 300~
500mg/L indolebutyric acid leaching 4~5h of root, and spray 920~970 times of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acids 1 time；Night temperature between second of rush florescence
Spend for 16~18 DEG C, day temperature is 22~23 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature heats up 1~2 DEG C per 5d, day temperature heating 2~3 per 10d
DEG C, 11 the end of month were maintained at 26~27 DEG C, and it is 17~18 DEG C that temperature is controlled when camellia outputs bud；
（2）Temperature and humidity management：Nocturnal temperature, using air conditioner facility, is progressively reduced to by 56~59d before the flowers are in blossom in expectation camellia
12~13 DEG C, it is maintained at 20~21 DEG C daytime, and continues 35d, then gradually rise temperature, ensures that its nocturnal temperature rises to 16
~18 DEG C, daytime, growth temperature was maintained between 23~24 DEG C, and humidity remains at 82~84%；In the temperature and humidity management
Temperature is adjusted to 17~18 DEG C by the camellia operating period；
（3）Rich water quality management：Start in the 30d for promoting the florescence to before blooming, increase fertilizer application frequency for the weak plant of growth potential, often
It is secondary to be well mixed and applied fertilizer using 32~37 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 12~14 parts of potash fertilizer, 28~33 parts of farm manure, every 8~9d fertilisings one
It is secondary, until plant growing way is basically identical, for the strong control water of growing way, fertilizer, during the weak parent's fertilising of growing way, the strong parent of growing way
Do not refertilize；Camellia Post flowering strengthens Nutrition Management in the water and fertilizer management, increases N fertilizer usage amounts, uses urea 70~80
Part, 135~155 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 40~45 parts of farm manure are well mixed and applied fertilizer, and every mu is applied 50kg, is imposed in three times, just
Every mu of florescence applies 20kg, and every mu of full-bloom stage applies 15kg, and every mu of Flowers ending applies 15kg；
（4）Illumination management：Promote to carry out light filling to camellia since 35d in the florescence, before daily sunrise or post sunset light filling is big
In equal to 3h light application times, intensity of illumination is kept in illumination period in 1600~1700Lux；Second of rush in the illumination management
Flower while carry out increase by 18~19d of illumination management, daily increase by 4.5~5h light application times, intensity of illumination be 2200~
2300Lux, then it is managed according to circadian.
In summary, flower forcing is carried out using temperature control method, breaks the rest period of camellia, rapidly promote camellia flower growth,
And it can effectively regulate and control the florescence of camellia；Second of rush flower increases intense light irradiation daily while using hormone solution regulation florescence
Management, makes the flowering rate of camellia improve 12.7%；Temperature is adjusted to 16~18 DEG C by camellia duration of flowering, can be extended
Florescence through open camellia, and can ensure the opening of other unopened camellias, and greatly improve camellia views and admires matter
Amount；The present invention can accurately control camellia from the growth rhythm of more comprehensive control camellia so as to more effective
Florescence；Scientific and reasonable fertilising, nutriment is more comprehensive, promotes the formation of soil granular structure, makes soil air and water
Ratio is coordinated, and makes loosing soil, increase water conservation, insulation, the ventilative, ability of fertilizer conservation, meets camellia in fast growth process
Required various nutritional ingredients, fertilizer efficiency is improved, adjust soil, ensure that camellia can be still good for during growth rhythm is changed
The growth of health, high quality.The present invention can break the natural law grown and bloomed of camellia, effectively regulate and control camellia
The colored florescence, while effectively rich water quality management and hormone regulating and controlling have been carried out to camellia so that the florescence of camellia is ensureing one
On the basis of cause, efficiently controlled, realize camellia off-season flowering so that the growing and cultivating of camellia complies with city
Field demand, substantially increase the benefit of camellia grower.
The preferred embodiment of invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, all spirit in the present invention
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. regulation and control method at camellia florescence, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：（1）Hormone regulating and controlling：90d before expectation camellia is bloomed is proceeded by promotees flower for the first time, and rush florescence first time is limited to 2~3 hormone solution sprinklings are carried out in 30d, 30d, spraying time and second of spraying time are separated by 13~15d first, remaining Every 9~11d sprinklings once, second of rush flower 20~25d before florescence is expected is carried out, and every 7~9d carries out a hormone Spray solution, the hormone solution are heteroauxin solution, promote every time the heteroauxin solution concentration that uses of flower for 300~ 500mg/L indolebutyric acid leaching 3~5h of root, and spray 900~1000 times of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acids 1 time；（2）Temperature and humidity management：Nocturnal temperature, using air conditioner facility, is progressively reduced to by 55~60d before the flowers are in blossom in expectation camellia 12~13 DEG C, it is maintained at 19~21 DEG C daytime, and continues 35d, then gradually rise temperature, ensures that its nocturnal temperature rises to 16 ~20 DEG C, daytime, growth temperature was maintained between 22~25 DEG C, and humidity remains at 81~84%；（3）Rich water quality management：Start in the 30d for promoting the florescence to before blooming, increase fertilizer application frequency for the weak plant of growth potential, often It is secondary to be well mixed and applied fertilizer using 30~40 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 10~15 parts of potash fertilizer, 25~35 parts of farm manure, every 7~10d fertilisings one It is secondary, until plant growing way is basically identical, for the strong control water of growing way, fertilizer, during the weak parent's fertilising of growing way, the strong parent of growing way Do not refertilize；（4）Illumination management：Promote to carry out light filling to camellia since 35d in the florescence, before daily sunrise or post sunset light filling is big In equal to 3h light application times, intensity of illumination is kept in illumination period in 1500~1700Lux.
- A kind of 2. regulation and control method at camellia florescence according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（1）, described Nocturnal temperature is 16~18 DEG C between the secondary rush florescence, and day temperature is 21~23 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature heats up 1~2 DEG C per 5d, daytime Temperature heats up 2~3 DEG C per 10d, and 11 the end of month were maintained at 25~27 DEG C, and it is 16~18 that temperature is controlled when camellia outputs bud ℃。
- A kind of 3. regulation and control method at camellia florescence according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（2）, the temperature Temperature is adjusted to 16~18 DEG C by the camellia operating period in moisture management.
- A kind of 4. regulation and control method at camellia florescence according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（3）, the water Camellia Post flowering strengthens Nutrition Management in fertilizer management, increases N fertilizer usage amounts, uses 65~85 parts of urea, phosphate fertilizer 125~155 Part, 30~45 parts of farm manure are well mixed and applied fertilizer, and every mu is applied 50kg, is imposed in three times, and every mu of initial bloom stage applies 20kg, Every mu of full-bloom stage applies 15kg, and every mu of Flowers ending applies 15kg.
- A kind of 5. regulation and control method at camellia florescence according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（4）, the light Carry out increasing by 18~20d of illumination management while second of rush flower in management, increase by 4~5h light application times daily, illumination is strong Spend for 2200~2400Lux, be then managed according to circadian.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108849184A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 天柱县佳源科技开发有限公司 | A method of extending the red red florescence |
| CN108849186A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 天柱县佳源科技开发有限公司 | A method of extending the Camellia nitidissima florescence |
| CN108849185A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 天柱县佳源科技开发有限公司 | A method of extending the tea plum blossom phase |
| CN113348938A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-09-07 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Method for improving hybrid seed setting rate of double-clone tea trees |
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| CN113348938A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-09-07 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Method for improving hybrid seed setting rate of double-clone tea trees |
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Application publication date: 20171219 |