CN106489568B - Method for regulating flowering phase and flowering quality of strong scented tea by using exogenous hormones - Google Patents
Method for regulating flowering phase and flowering quality of strong scented tea by using exogenous hormones Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling the flowering period and the flowering quality of strongly scented tea by utilizing exogenous hormones, which is characterized in that different flowering stages of tea are regulated and controlled by adopting different exogenous hormones and concentration combinations, and different hormone concentration collocation combinations can be carried out according to actual requirements to induce the tea to bloom in advance or delay the flowering period to control the flowering quality of the tea. The method is simple and convenient to operate, high in practicability, better in effect and more accurate and flexible in control of the flowering phase and the quality compared with methods of the same type, and can be directly applied to practical production work of camellia cultivation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a method for controlling the flowering phase and quality of strong scented tea by using exogenous hormone.
Background
Since ancient times, camellia is listed as ten traditional famous flowers in China, and is a elegant woody ornamental flower for years. The camellia is bright and colorful, the flower posture is remarkable, and the tea tree is evergreen in four seasons and is deeply loved by the world. Besides high ornamental value, the camellia has strong attraction capacity to harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and the like, has obvious resistance to hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, hydrogen fluoride and the like, is suitable for greening in plants polluted by the harmful gases, and can play a role in purifying air. With the great development of economy in China, the camellia not only enters gardens, beautifies the environment and brings people with beautiful enjoyment, but also enters every family, beautifies families and suits the sentiment of people. The camellia varieties are various, but the camellia varieties with fragrance are rare, the strong-fragrance camellia has the beauty of the groundsel-fragrance camellia and the Chinfie camellia, is a camellia variety with strong fragrance, and has the advantages of cold resistance, drought resistance, disease and insect resistance and the like. The flower is pink, the flowering period is 1-3 months, the petal edge is slightly deep pink, the peony type is a medium-sized flower, about 30 large petals are wavy, about 10 small petals are mixed with a small amount of golden stamens, and the flower is dense. The leaves are light green, the base part is approximately oval, the tip is the tail tip, the teeth of the leaves are pure, and the plants are opened. The fragrant tea flower has fragrant smell, is beneficial to sleep, and can make people relax and happy. The volatilized fragrance has a remarkable sterilization effect, is popular among citizens in recent years, is used as a flower pot for night in the year to arrange halls and meeting places and to set festive atmosphere of festivals, and can be placed indoors close to a window and planted on outdoor balconies, terraces, gardens and the like. The strongly fragrant camellia has typical representativeness in a plurality of camellia varieties and has wide application prospect. As most of the flowering phases of the camellia are concentrated on 11 months to 3 months in the next year, the camellia cannot be widely developed and utilized, and the camellia varieties are not supplied to markets during major seasons such as the Wuyi labor festival, the eleven national festival and the like. In the prior art, the florescence regulation of plants has different varieties of choices, including physical regulation, chemical regulation and a mode of combining the physical regulation and the chemical regulation. For example, the Chinese patent application No. 201310730698.8, entitled a method for regulating the flowering phase of camellia, combines a chemical regulation method and a physical regulation method, so that camellia can bloom in advance for 15-30 days, the flowering phase of camellia can be prolonged for 15-40 days, and the flowering phase of camellia is regulated to a certain extent, but the method has the defects that the operation method is complicated, hormone regulation and control are carried out twice, the temperature and humidity are regulated and controlled simultaneously, the fertilizer and water management is enhanced, and the temperature of camellia after opening is regulated, so that the factors needing to be controlled in actual production are more and are not simple, the limitation is too large, the camellia can not be directly applied to cultivation and production of camellia, and the method can only carry out small-amplitude regulation and control on the flowering phase, and can not guarantee the flowering quality of camellia, such as the control on the size of flower diameter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a method for controlling the flowering period and the flowering quality of strong scented tea, which is simple and convenient to operate and only needs to spray hormone medicine once, and the sprayed tea does not need additional physical limiting factors such as temperature and humidity regulation, fertilizer water management enhancement, temperature regulation after opening and the like, and only needs to manage and protect conditions as usual. The invention can control the flowering period and the flowering quality more accurately, can advance and delay the flowering period and improve the overall ornamental effect of the camellia.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose: a method for controlling the flowering phase and quality of strongly fragrant tea flower is characterized in that the flowering phase of the tea flower is controlled by adopting the combination of different exogenous hormones and concentrations, and the flowering phase of the tea flower can be induced to advance or delay according to actual needs to different degrees, so that the flowering quality of the tea flower is controlled.
As a further illustration of the scheme, in the regulation and control process, Gibberellin (GA), cytokinin (6-BA) and an equal amount of mixed solution of gibberellin and cytokinin are adopted to respectively spray the whole plant of the camellia plant with the formed bud, and after the leaves are completely dried, the whole plant is sprayed again, and the process is repeated for 3 times.
Furthermore, the different flowering phases regulated by exogenous hormones comprise the regulation of the initial flowering phase, the full flowering phase and the final flowering phase of the camellia; time control for the initial flowering phase: spraying 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA or 100.0-1000.0mg/L mixed solution of GA and 6-BA in equal amount to advance flowering of camellia, and spraying 1000.0mg/L6-BA to delay initial flowering time of camellia;
time control for the beginning of flowering: spraying equal amount of mixed solution of GA with concentration of 250.0-1000.0mg/L, 100.0-1000.0mg/L and 6-BA or 6-BA with concentration of 100.0-250.0mg/L to advance the flowering beginning period, and spraying 6-BA with concentration of 500.0-1000.0mg/L to delay the flowering beginning period;
time control for full bloom: spraying equal amount of mixed solution of 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA, 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA and 6-BA or 500-1000 mg/L6-BA to shorten the duration time of the full-bloom period of the camellia, so that the flowering regularity of the camellia in the full-bloom period is high; spraying 100.0-250.0 mg/L6-BA to prolong the full-bloom stage of the camellia, wherein 1000 mg/L6-BA has the effect of postponing the full-bloom stage of the camellia;
time control for end flowering phase: the equal amount of the mixed solution of 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA or 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA and 6-BA is sprayed to advance the end flowering phase of the camellia, and the time of the early end flowering phase is advanced to a greater extent along with the increase of the concentration.
Preferably, in the time control of the initial flowering phase and the initial flowering phase, the 1000.0mg/L GA has better effect on advancing flowering of the camellia, and 6-BA with the spraying concentration of 1000.0mg/L obviously delays flowering of the camellia; in the time control of the full-bloom period, the effect of the blooming regularity is more obvious in the full-bloom period when the equal amount of mixed solution of GA and 6-BA with the spraying concentration of 1000.0mg/LGA or 1000.0mg/L is sprayed; the effect of prolonging flowering of 6-BA with the spraying concentration of 100.0mg/L-250.0mg/L is obvious; the spraying concentration of 1000.0mg/L GA or 1000.0mg/L GA and 6-BA equivalent mixed solution can obviously advance the end flowering phase, and simultaneously, the duration of the end flowering phase is obviously prolonged.
Furthermore, the process of regulating and controlling the flowering quality of the camellia by using exogenous hormones comprises the regulation and control of the duration time of single flowers, the size of flower diameters, the duration time of flowering periods and the overall ornamental effect of flowering of the camellia,
in the aspect of controlling the single-flower duration, GA with the spraying concentration of 500.0-1000.0mg/L shortens the single-flower duration, and the higher the concentration is, the shorter the single-flower duration is; wherein the single-flower flowering phase is shortest when GA with the spraying concentration of 1000.0mg/L is sprayed, and the single-flower flowering phase is longest when an equivalent mixed solution of GA with the spraying concentration of 100.00mg/L and 6-BA is sprayed;
in the aspect of controlling the size of the flower diameter, GA with the concentration of 100.0-500.0mg/L is sprayed, and the flower diameter is gradually increased along with the increase of the concentration; spraying 6-BA with the concentration of 100.0-500.0mg/L, and gradually reducing the flower diameter along with the increase of the concentration of the 6-BA; spraying equal-amount mixed solution of GA and 6-BA with the concentration of 250.0-1000.0mg/L, and gradually reducing the flower diameter along with the increase of the concentration; wherein, the flower diameter is the largest when 500.0mg/L GA is sprayed, and the flower diameter is the smallest when 500.0mg/L6-BA is sprayed.
In the aspect of controlling the duration of the flowering phase, GA with the concentration of 100.0-500.0mg/L is sprayed to shorten the flowering phase of the camellia, and the effect of shortening the duration of the flowering phase is gradually weakened along with the increase of the concentration of hormones; spraying 6-BA with concentration of 100.0-250.0mg/L to prolong the duration of flowering phase of camellia, and spraying 6-BA with concentration of 500.0-1000.0mg/L to shorten the flowering phase of strong fragrant camellia; spraying equal-amount mixed solutions of GA and 6-BA with the concentrations of 100.0mg/L, 500mg/L and 1000.0mg/L respectively to shorten the flowering phase of the camellia, wherein the 6-BA with the spraying concentration of 100.0-250.0mg/L prolongs the flowering phase duration of the camellia to the maximum extent, and the equal-amount mixed solutions of GA and 6-BA with the spraying concentration of 1000.0mg/L ensures the flowering phase duration to the minimum extent;
in the aspect of controlling the whole ornamental effect of flowering of the camellia, the hormone treatment is used for regulating and controlling the flowering period of the camellia, so that the whole ornamental effect of the camellia is not influenced negatively, the single-flower duration, the flower diameter and the flowering period duration of each plant of the camellia are controlled in a unified mode, the whole flowering and withering effects can be achieved, and the flowering period and the quality of the camellia are controlled more accurately.
The invention adopts the technical proposal to achieve the following beneficial effects:
the method can adjust and control different flowering phases of the tea flowers with strong fragrance by adopting different exogenous hormones and combinations with different concentrations according to requirements, can induce the tea flowers to bloom in advance or delay the flowering phase in different degrees according to actual requirements, controls the flowering quality of the tea flowers, can realize the landscape effect of integral flowering and integral withering, has simple and convenient operation method and strong practicability compared with the prior art, can accurately control the flowering phase and the flowering quality of the tea flowers, and can be directly applied to the practical production work of tea flower cultivation.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling the flowering period and the flowering quality of strongly fragrant tea flowers by utilizing exogenous hormones. It is worth noting that the target of the technical scheme is strongly fragrant camellia, pink flower, normal flowering period is 1-4 months, the petal edge is slightly deep pink, peony type, medium flower, about 30 big petals, wave shape, about 10 small petals, mixed with a small amount of golden stamen, and flower is dense; the leaves are light green, the teeth of the leaves are pure, and the plants are opened.
In the regulation and control process, Gibberellin (GA), cytokinin (6-BA) and an equivalent mixed solution of the gibberellin and the cytokinin are adopted to respectively spray the whole camellia plants with formed buds, and after leaves are completely dried, the spraying is carried out again, and the spraying is repeated for 3 times.
Furthermore, the different flowering phases regulated by exogenous hormones comprise the regulation of the initial flowering phase, the full flowering phase and the final flowering phase of the camellia; time control for the initial flowering phase: spraying 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA or 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA and 6-BA equivalent mixed solution to advance flowering of the camellia, and spraying 1000.0mg/L6-BA to delay initial flowering time of the camellia;
time control for the beginning of flowering: spraying equal amount of mixed solution of GA with concentration of 250.0-1000.0mg/L, 100.0-1000.0mg/L and 6-BA or 6-BA with concentration of 100.0-250.0mg/L to delay the flowering beginning of the camellia;
time control for full bloom: spraying equal amount of mixed solution of 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA, 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA and 6-BA or 500-1000 mg/L6-BA to shorten the duration time of the full-bloom period of the camellia, so that the flowering regularity of the camellia in the full-bloom period is high; spraying 100.0-250.0 mg/L6-BA to prolong the full-bloom stage of the camellia, wherein 1000 mg/L6-BA has the effect of postponing the full-bloom stage of the camellia;
time control for end flowering phase: spraying equal amount of GA with concentration of 100.0-1000.0mg/L or LGA and 6-BA mixed solution with concentration of 100.0-1000.0mg/L to make the flowering phase of camellia advance to the end flowering phase, and the time of the early stage of the end flowering phase is advanced along with the increase of the concentration.
Preferably, in the time control of the initial flowering phase and the initial flowering phase, the 1000.0mg/L GA has better effect on advancing flowering of the camellia, and 6-BA with the spraying concentration of 1000.0mg/L obviously delays flowering of the camellia; in the time control of the full-bloom period, the effect of the blooming regularity is more obvious in the full-bloom period when the equal amount of mixed solution of GA and 6-BA with the spraying concentration of 1000.0mg/LGA or 1000.0mg/L is sprayed; the effect of prolonging flowering by spraying the 6-BA with the concentration of 250.0mg/L is obvious; spraying equal amount of GA and 6-BA mixed solution with concentration of 1000.0mg/LGA or 1000.0mg/L can further obviously advance the end flowering phase, and simultaneously, the duration of the end flowering phase is also obviously prolonged.
Furthermore, the process of regulating and controlling the flowering quality of the camellia by using exogenous hormones comprises the regulation and control of the duration time of single flowers, the size of flower diameters, the duration time of flowering periods and the overall ornamental effect of flowering of the camellia,
in the aspect of controlling the single-flower duration, GA with the spraying concentration of 500.0-1000.0mg/L shortens the single-flower duration, and the higher the concentration is, the shorter the single-flower duration is; wherein the single-flower flowering phase is shortest when GA with the spraying concentration of 1000.0mg/L is sprayed, and the single-flower flowering phase is longest when an equivalent mixed solution of GA with the spraying concentration of 100.00mg/L and 6-BA is sprayed;
in the aspect of controlling the size of the flower diameter, GA with the concentration of 100.0-500.0mg/L is sprayed, and the flower diameter is gradually increased along with the increase of the concentration; spraying 6-BA with the concentration of 100.0-500.0mg/L, and gradually reducing the flower diameter along with the increase of the concentration of the 6-BA; spraying equal-amount mixed solution of GA and 6-BA with the concentration of 250.0-1000.0mg/L, and gradually reducing the flower diameter along with the increase of the concentration; wherein, the flower diameter is the largest when 500.0mg/L GA is sprayed, and the flower diameter is the smallest when 500.0mg/L6-BA is sprayed.
In the aspect of controlling the duration of the flowering phase, GA with the concentration of 100.0-500.0mg/L is sprayed to shorten the flowering phase of the camellia, and the effect of shortening the duration of the flowering phase is gradually weakened along with the increase of the concentration of hormones; spraying 6-BA with concentration of 100.0-250.0mg/L to prolong the duration of flowering phase of camellia, and spraying 6-BA with concentration of 500.0-1000.0mg/L to shorten the flowering phase of strong fragrant camellia; spraying 100.0mg/L, 500mg/L, 1000.0mg/L of GA and 6-BA equivalent mixed solution to shorten the flowering phase of the camellia; wherein 6-BA with the spraying concentration of 100.0-250.0mg/L prolongs the flowering phase duration of the camellia longest, and the spraying concentration of GA with 1000.0mg/L and 6-BA equivalent mixed solution ensures the flowering phase duration of the camellia shortest;
in the aspect of controlling the whole ornamental effect of flowering of the camellia, the hormone treatment is used for regulating and controlling the flowering period of the camellia, so that the whole ornamental effect of the camellia is not influenced negatively, the single-flower duration, the flower diameter and the flowering period duration of each plant of the camellia are controlled in a unified mode, the whole flowering and withering effects can be achieved, and the flowering period and the quality of the camellia are controlled more accurately.
The technical solution is described in detail with reference to specific embodiments below.
In this embodiment, the method is carried out in the test area of the research institute of forestry and forestry in the Foshan mountain. Selecting a camellia variety strongly fragrant pot seedling which is subjected to cuttage for 4 years and basically consistent in conditions such as ground diameter, plant height, crown width and the like as a test seedling (provided by Osmanthus fragrans tea garden flower and tree planting Co., Ltd., Fushan city), wherein the cultivation conditions and the water and fertilizer pipe protection levels are consistent. Gibberellin (GA) and cytokinin (6-BA) purchased from south China sea Jianshun chemical product factory in Fushan City of Guangdong province are adopted.
Table 1: blooming period of different hormone treatments
The month 11-12 is the month of the current year of the test; month 1-3 as month of the second year of the test
As shown in Table 1, equal amounts of GA, 6-BA and their mixed solutions with concentrations of 100.0mg/L, 250.0mg/L, 500.0mg/L and 1000.0mg/L were sprayed (set to treatment 1-12, respectively), and clear water spray was used as Control (CK). Selecting 70 healthy tea plant plants which grow robustly and well and have visible buds, removing each weaker and unhealthy bud, spraying the whole plant according to 4 concentration levels of the set 3 hormones, spraying again after the leaves are completely dry, treating 5 plants each time, and repeating for 3 times.
Observation of phenological climate was carried out at the 2 nd day after treatment, and the diameter of the flower (average of two data in the vertical direction of the flower center), duration of opening of a single flower, initial stage (date of opening of the first flower), initial stage start date (date of opening of 5% of flowers), initial stage start date of full bloom (date of opening of 25% of flowers), final stage start date of full bloom (date of opening of 75% of flowers), final stage start date (date of opening of 95% of flowers), final stage date (date of opening of the last flower), duration of flowering stage (time interval from initial stage to final stage start date of flowering) were observed.
The following are the effects of different hormones and concentration treatments on the flowering phase of the strongly scented tea:
1. effect on initial flowering phase: as can be seen from Table 1, treatments 1-4 and 9-12 promoted an early blooming period of strong fragrance as compared to CK, with treatment 4 being 61 days earlier, treatment 3 being 20 days earlier, and treatment 2 and treatment 1 being 8 days and 12 days earlier, respectively; the treatment 12 is 20 days earlier, and the treatment 9-11 is 7-8 days earlier; the treatments 5 and 6 are respectively 6 days and 3 days earlier, the treatment 7 has no influence on the initial flowering period, the treatment 8 can delay 9 days, which shows that the spraying of 100.0-1000.0mg/L of GA and 100.0-1000.0mg/L (GA +6-BA) has obvious effect on the early flowering of the strong scented tea, and the spraying of 1000.0mg/L of 6-BA can delay the initial flowering time of the strong scented tea.
2. Effect on initial flowering phase: as is clear from Table 1, 10 treatments except treatment 7 and treatment 8 were able to advance the blooming period of the strong aroma to different degrees compared with CK, wherein the blooming periods of treatments 1 to 4 were advanced by 1 day, 10 days, 18 days and 29 days, respectively, and the degree of the advance of the blooming period increased as the GA concentration increased; treatments 5 and 6 were advanced by 4-5 days, treatments 7 and 8 were delayed by 5-6 days, low concentrations of 6-BA hormone advanced the onset of the strong aroma, high concentrations of 6-BA hormone delayed the onset of the strong aroma, and the onset of the strong aroma was gradually delayed with increasing concentration; treatment 12 was 14 days earlier, treatment 10 and treatment 11 were 8-9 days earlier, and treatment 9 was 4 days earlier. The fact that 3 hormone treatments have certain influence on the initial flowering period of the strong incense is shown, spraying 250.0-1000.0mg/L GA, 100.0-1000.0mg/L (GA +6-BA) and low-concentration (100.0-250.0mg/L)6-BA has the effect of advancing the flowering of the strong incense camellia, and spraying high-concentration (500.0-1000.0mg/L)6-BA has the obvious effect of delaying the flowering of the strong incense camellia.
3. Influence on full bloom: GA treatment 1-4 also had a great effect on the blooming period of strongly scented camellia. Compared with CK, the blooming period of the treatments 1-4 is respectively shortened by 11 days, 20 days, 23 days and 25 days, the initial stage and the final stage of the blooming period of the strong fragrance are gradually advanced along with the increase of the GA concentration, and the blooming period is also gradually shortened.
As can be seen from Table 1, the blooming periods of 5-8 treatments are 39 days, 45 days, 33 days and 21 days respectively, the initial blooming period of the strongly scented tea flower gradually delays along with the increase of the concentration of 6-BA within a certain concentration range, and the blooming period is shortened, compared with CK, the initial blooming period of 6 treatment is advanced by 3 days, the initial blooming period of 8 treatment is delayed by 8 days, the blooming periods are respectively shortened by 7 days and 16 days, and the treatment of 7 treatment has no obvious influence; the low concentration of 6-BA delayed the full-bloom stage, extended the full-bloom stage, and treatment 6 and treatment 5 delayed the full-bloom stage by 4 days and 3 days, respectively, and extended the full-bloom stage by 7 days and 1 day, respectively.
The mixed hormone treatment can strongly fragrance and generate certain influence on the full-bloom stage, and compared with CK, the full-bloom stage is advanced to a certain extent at the beginning and the end and is shortened. 9-11 treatments have relatively close effect on the early stage of the blooming period of the strong fragrance, which is about 8-10 days earlier, and 12 treatments have 15 days earlier; the effect of the treatment 10-11 on the early stage of the full-bloom stage is basically consistent, the effect is about 21-22 days earlier, the effect of the treatment 12 is 39 days earlier, and the effect of the treatment 9 is 28 days earlier; the full-bloom periods of treatment 9-12 were 17 days, 24 days, 23 days and 13 days, respectively, which were 20 days, 13 days, 14 days and 24 days, respectively, shorter than CK.
The hormone treatment can affect the full-bloom period of the strongly fragrant tea flowers. The 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA, 100.0-1000.0mg/L (GA +6-BA) and 500-1000 mg/L6-BA are sprayed to shorten the duration of the full-bloom period of the strong scented tea, the flowering uniformity in the full-bloom period is high, and the flowering uniformity effect in the full-bloom period of 1000.0mg/LGA and 1000.0mg/L (GA +6-BA) is more obvious. Spraying 100.0-250.0 mg/L6-BA can prolong the full-bloom stage of the strong fragrance, wherein the effect of prolonging 250.0 mg/L6-BA is obvious, and 1000 mg/L6-BA has the effect of postponing the full-bloom stage of the camellia.
4. Effect on end flowering phase: compared with CK, GA and mixed hormone respectively advance the initial and final flowering days of the terminal flowering phase, and the initial and final flowering days are gradually advanced along with the increase of concentration, wherein treatments 4 and 12 with obvious advance degree advance the initial period by 25-27 days and the final flowering days by 8-9 days; treatments 5 and 6 delayed the initial and final flowering days of the end flowering phase by 2 days, respectively, treatment 7 had no significant effect on the end flowering phase, and treatment 8 advanced the end flowering phase by 2d and 3d, respectively. Hormone treatment also had some effect on the duration of the end-flowering phase, as can be seen from table 1, the duration of the end-flowering phase of treatments 4 and 12 was longer than that of the other treatments, up to 23-24 days; second, treatment 3 and treatment 11 were 15 days and 12 days, respectively, while treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 5 were approximately consistent in duration, approximately 7-8 days; 6-BA hormone and treatment 2 had no effect on the end flowering phase of the strong aroma. The fact that 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA and 100.0-1000.0mg/L (GA +6-BA) are sprayed leads the flowering phase of the strongly fragrant camellia to enter the end flowering phase, and the time of the initial stage of the end flowering phase is advanced along with the increase of the concentration, wherein the advanced degree of 1000.0mg/L GA and 1000.0mg/L (GA +6-BA) is more obvious, and meanwhile, the duration of the end flowering phase is prolonged obviously; spraying 100.0-1000.0 mg/L6-BA hormone will not affect the flowering period of the tea flower powder.
The following are the effects of different hormones and concentration treatments on the blooming quality of the strongly scented tea:
the difference in lower case representation after the same column of data was significant at the 5% level
1. Effect on the duration of the single flowers: as is clear from Table 2, the blooming times of the flowers in treatments 3 and 4 were the shortest among all treatments, and were about 5.4 days, and were significantly different from those of the flowers treated with the five hormones of control, treatment 9, treatment 10, treatment 5 and treatment 7 (P < 0.05, the same applies hereinafter). The GA hormone gradually shortens the single flower opening time along with the increase of the concentration, and the 6-BA hormone treatment has no obvious influence on the single flower duration time; the single flower open time of 100.0-500.0mg/L (GA +6-BA) treatment is gradually shortened along with the increase of the concentration, but the single flower open time of 4 treatments of mixed hormone is not significantly different from that of the control (P is more than 0.05). The time of flowering for all of the treated individuals was essentially between 5.4 and 7.2 days, with the longest duration of flowering for CK and 100.0mg/L (GA +6-BA) treatment being 7.2 days. It is stated that spraying 500.0-1000.0mg/LGA significantly shortens the duration of the single blossom, and that the higher the concentration, the shorter the duration of the single blossom. Other treatments had no significant effect on the duration of the single flowers.
2. Influence on the size of the flower diameter: as can be seen from Table 2, the hormone-treated flower diameters were all reduced to different degrees compared to CK, with the smallest diameters between treatments 6 and 7, significantly different from the control flower diameter, and the other hormone-treated flower diameters were not significantly different from the control (P > 0.05). GA is in the range of 100.0-500.0mg/L, and with the increase of the concentration, the inhibition effect is reduced, and the flower diameter is gradually increased. The concentration of 6-BA is in the range of 100.0-500.0mg/L, the inhibition effect is increased along with the increase of the concentration of 6-BA, and the flower diameter is gradually reduced. The GA +6-BA concentration is in the range of 250.0-1000.0mg/L, the inhibition effect is increased along with the increase of the 6-BA concentration, and the flower diameter is gradually reduced. The growth inhibition effect on the flower diameter is shown by different hormones and concentration treatments, wherein the flower diameter of 250.0-500.0mg/L6-BA treatment is obviously reduced, and the influence on the flower diameter is not obvious by other treatments.
3. Effect on flowering duration: as can be seen from Table 2, the flowering phases of treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3 were reduced by 8 days, 5 days and 1 day, respectively, and treatment 4 was extended by 1 day, as compared with CK in the GA hormone treatment, whereby the duration of the flowering phase of the strongly scented tea was shortened to various degrees in the treatments 1 to 3; compared with CK, the 6-BA hormone treatment prolongs the flowering phase of 6-6 by 6 days and 7 days respectively, and reduces the flowering phase of 5-6 by 5 days and 8 days respectively when the treatment is 7 and 8, so that the treatment of 5-6 can prolong the flowering phase of the strong incense, and the treatment of 7-8 shortens the flowering phase of the strong incense; the GA +6-BA hormone treatments were reduced by 2 days, 7 days and 12 days for treatments 9, 11 and 12, respectively, and prolonged by 2 days for treatment 10, as compared with CK, whereby the duration of the flowering period was gradually reduced with the increase in hormone concentration for treatments 10-12. The three hormone treatments influence the flowering phase of the camellia to different degrees, the flowering phase of the strongly fragrant camellia can be shortened by spraying 100.0-500.0mg/LGA, and the effect of shortening the duration of the flowering phase is gradually weakened along with the increase of the hormone concentration; spraying low-concentration (100.0-250.0mg/L)6-BA can prolong the duration of the flowering phase of the strong scented tea, and spraying high-concentration (500.0-1000.0mg/L) BA can shorten the flowering phase of the strong scented tea; spraying 100.0mg/L, 500mg/L, 1000.0mg/L of GA and 6-BA equivalent mixed solution to shorten the flowering phase of the camellia; wherein 1000.0mg/L (GA +6-BA) has the most obvious effect on shortening the duration of the flowering phase, compared with a control, the duration of the flowering phase is shortened by 12 days, and other treatments are within +/-7 days.
4. The comprehensive influence on flowering of camellia: the buds of the tea flowers with strong fragrance can be fully and normally opened after being treated by different hormones and concentrations, adverse phenomena such as bud falling and abnormal flower do not occur, the growth of plants and the color and luster of flowers are normal, and the hormone treatment regulation and control of the flowering phase of the tea flowers does not have negative influence on the overall ornamental effect of the tea flowers.
In conclusion, the results shown in tables 1 and 2 show that spraying 100.0-1000.0mg/L of a mixed solution of equal amounts of GA and GA +6-BA and 100.0-250.0mg/L of 6-BA can induce the blooming of the strong incense in advance, 500.0-1000.0mg/L of 6-BA can delay the blooming period of the strong incense, has no negative effect on the overall ornamental effect of the potted strong incense, and the application method is simple and easy to implement, wherein the spraying of 1000.0mg/L of GA has a better blooming effect on the strong incense in advance; spraying 1000.0mg/L GA and 1000.0mg/L (GA +6-BA) can ensure that the flowering uniformity in the full-bloom period is higher and the ornamental value is enhanced; spraying 1000.0mg/L6-BA not only has better effect on delaying the blooming of the strongly fragrant camellia, but also has the function of postponing the full bloom stage of the camellia. Can be directly applied to potted camellia for regulating and controlling the flowering phase. The hormones GA and 6-BA have certain influence on the flower diameter of the tea flower with the strong fragrance, the flower diameter of the tea flower can be gradually increased along with the increase of the concentration by spraying the GA within the range of 100.0-500.0mg/L, and the flower diameter begins to be reduced when the GA concentration is 1000.0 mg/L; the spray application of 6-BA of 100.0-500.0mg/L can make the diameter of the camellia gradually decrease with the increase of the concentration, and the diameter of the camellia begins to increase when the concentration of 6-BA is 1000.0 mg/L.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for utilizing exogenous hormone to regulate and control blooming period and quality of the tea flower of strong fragrant tea, wherein it regulates and controls different blooming periods of the tea flower through adopting different exogenous hormones and combination of the concentration, can induce the tea flower to bloom ahead of time or delay the blooming period according to the different degrees of the actual need, and control the blooming quality of the tea flower; in the regulation and control process, gibberellin GA, cytokinin 6-BA or equal-amount mixed solution of gibberellin GA and cytokinin 6-BA with a certain concentration level is adopted to carry out whole-plant spraying on tea plant with formed buds, and after leaves are completely dried, the spraying is carried out again, and the steps are repeated for 3 times;
the different flowering stages regulated by exogenous hormones comprise the regulation and control of the initial flowering stage, the full flowering stage and the final flowering stage of the camellia; time control for the initial flowering phase: the camellia is advanced to blossom by spraying GA solution with the concentration of 100.0-1000.0mg/L or spraying mixed solution of 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA and 6-BA in equal amount, wherein the GA solution with the concentration of 1000.0mg/L is sprayed to ensure that the early flowering stage is advanced to the highest degree; the spraying of the 6-BA solution with the concentration of 1000.0mg/L has the most obvious effect of delaying the initial flowering time of the camellia;
time control for the beginning of flowering: the GA solution with the spraying concentration of 250.0-1000.0mg/L, the equal-amount mixed solution of the GA and the 6-BA with the spraying concentration of 100.0-1000.0mg/L or the 6-BA solution with the spraying concentration of 100.0-250.0mg/L have the effect of advancing the flowering beginning period, wherein the GA solution with the spraying concentration of 1000.0mg/L has the strongest effect of advancing the flowering beginning period of the camellia; the spraying of the 6-BA solution with the concentration of 500.0-1000.0mg/L obviously delays the beginning flowering phase of the camellia;
time control for full bloom: the duration of the full-bloom period of the camellia is shortened by spraying a GA solution with the concentration of 100.0-1000.0mg/L or an equivalent mixed solution of the GA and the 6-BA with the concentration of 100.0-1000.0mg/L or an equivalent 6-BA solution with the concentration of 500.0-1000.0mg/L, so that the flowering regularity of the camellia in the full-bloom period is high, wherein the effect of shortening the full-bloom period by spraying the equivalent mixed solution of the GA and the 6-BA with the concentration of 1000.0mg/L is strongest; spraying 6-BA solution with concentration of 100.0-250.0mg/L to prolong the full-bloom period of the camellia; the 6-BA solution of 1000mg/L has the function of postponing the full bloom stage of the camellia;
time control for end flowering phase: spraying 100.0-1000.0mg/L GA solution or 100.0-1000.0mg/L mixed solution of GA and 6-BA in the same amount to advance the end flowering phase of camellia, and the advance degree of the end flowering phase is stronger along with the increase of the concentration;
during the process of regulating and controlling the flowering quality of the camellia by using exogenous hormones, the control on the duration time of single flowers, the size of flower diameters, the duration time of flowering periods and the overall ornamental effect of flowering of the camellia is included, on the aspect of controlling the duration time of the single flowers, a GA solution with the concentration of 500.0-1000.0mg/L is sprayed to shorten the duration time of the single flowers, and the higher the concentration is, the shorter the duration time of the single flowers is; wherein, the spraying of GA solution with the concentration of 1000.0mg/L leads the single-flower flowering phase to be the shortest, and the spraying of GA solution with the concentration of 100.00mg/L and 6-BA equivalent mixed solution leads the single-flower flowering phase to be the longest;
in the aspect of controlling the size of the flower diameter, the flower diameter is gradually increased along with the increase of the concentration by spraying GA solution with the concentration of 100.0-500.0 mg/L; spraying 6-BA solution with the concentration of 100.0-500.0mg/L to gradually reduce the flower diameter along with the increase of the concentration; spraying a mixed solution of GA with the concentration of 250.0-1000.0mg/L and 6-BA in equal amount, and gradually reducing the flower diameter along with the increase of the concentration; wherein, the flower diameter is the largest when GA solution with the concentration of 500.0mg/L is sprayed, and the flower diameter is the smallest when 6-BA solution with the concentration of 500.0mg/L is sprayed;
in the aspect of controlling the duration of the flowering phase, the flowering phase of the camellia is shortened by spraying GA with the concentration of 100.0-500.0mg/L, and the effect of shortening the duration of the flowering phase is gradually weakened along with the increase of the concentration of hormones; spraying 6-BA with the concentration of 100.0-250.0mg/L to prolong the duration of the flowering phase of the camellia, spraying 6-BA with the concentration of 500.0-1000.0mg/L to shorten the flowering phase of the tea flower with strong fragrance, and spraying 100.0mg/L or 500mg/L or 1000.0mg/L of a mixed solution of GA and 6-BA in equal amount to shorten the flowering phase of the camellia; wherein 6-BA with the spraying concentration of 100.0-250.0mg/L prolongs the flowering phase duration of the camellia longest, and the spraying concentration of GA with 1000.0mg/L and 6-BA equivalent mixed solution ensures the flowering phase duration of the camellia shortest;
in the aspect of controlling the whole ornamental effect of the flowering of the camellia, the spraying of the 1000.0mg/L GA and 6-BA equivalent mixed solution ensures that the duration time of the full-bloom period of the camellia is shortest, the flowering uniformity is high, the duration time of the ornamental period of the camellia is shortest, the appreciation effect is highest, and the camellia can be bloomed in half a month in advance;
2. the method for regulating and controlling the flowering period and the flowering quality of the strongly scented tea by utilizing the exogenous hormones as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the time control of the full-bloom period, the flowering uniformity effect of the tea is more remarkable by spraying a GA solution with the concentration of 1000.0mg/L or spraying a mixed solution of the GA and 6-BA with the concentration of 1000.0mg/L in an equivalent manner, wherein the ornamental value of the tea can be greatly improved by spraying a mixed solution of the GA and 6-BA with the concentration of 1000.0mg/L in an equivalent manner; the early degree of the end flowering phase is most obvious by spraying GA solution with the concentration of 1000.0mg/L or spraying equal amount of mixed solution of GA and 6-BA with the concentration of 1000.0 mg/L.
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