CN110622865B - Method for cultivating annual anthurium capable of being bloomed and special inducer thereof - Google Patents
Method for cultivating annual anthurium capable of being bloomed and special inducer thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating annual anthurium capable of being bloomed and a special inducer thereof, belonging to the technical field of plant biology. The method for cultivating the annual miniature hydrangea capable of flowering comprises the steps of explant selection, seedling culture, miniaturization culture and the like, wherein the sources of explant materials are rich, an inducer used in seedling culture and the miniaturization culture is safe and efficient, the miniaturization degree of the hydrangea can be controlled, the flowering time of the annual miniature hydrangea capable of flowering can be controlled, the flower type size is rich, and the large-scale production of the miniature hydrangea products is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant biology, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating annual flower-opening micro-hydrangea and a special inducer thereof, in particular to a method for cultivating annual flower-opening micro-hydrangea and a special composite biological seedling inducer, a microminiaturization inducer and a reproductive growth inducer thereof.
Background
Hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser.), Hydrangea, and sika flower are small shrubs of Hydrangea of saxifragaceae of Rosales, and are famous ornamental flowers in Yangtze river basin. The hydrangea flower has the advantages of full flower type, long flowering period of up to three months, rich flower colors, very high ornamental value of flower leaves, and strong adaptability, can be planted in garden flower gardens, can be planted in front of houses beside villages, can be planted in fields or potted indoors, is a top-grade decoration product for parks, streets and balconies, is a treasure for ornamental flowers and trees, and is popular among people. Meanwhile, the hydrangea also has the excellent characteristics of fresh and dry cut flowers, so the hydrangea has wide market application prospect.
With the improvement of the living standard of human beings, the flower industry begins to develop rapidly. Indoor and office table miniature flowers gradually become the object of people's pursuit, and the demand is also increasing constantly, and the current hydrangea planting technology can not satisfy the demand in the miniature flower market of house hydrangea. In addition, the florescence of the hydrangea is mostly concentrated in 5-7 months or 6-8 months due to natural conditions. If the florescence of the hydrangea can be prolonged, the commodity value of the hydrangea can be improved, and the method has important significance for adjusting the industrial structure of the hydrangea and improving the income of growers. Therefore, the hydrangea microminiaturization technology, the annual flower development technology based on the hydrangea microminiaturization technology and the cultivation of the micro potted plant products have wide market prospect.
At present, in the aspect of dwarfing cultivation of hydrangea, the material drawing time is mainly in the middle ten days of 7 months to 9 months, the branches with terminal buds of hydrangea cutting seedlings or tissue culture seedlings which grow 8-15cm in 1-2 years or in the current year are used as explants, and dwarfing of the plants is realized by planting a pot of multiple plants and dipping or spraying or irrigating plant growth regulators such as B9, paclobutrazol, pyrimidineol and ethephon to the root parts (Suyinshun, poplar and Jade plant dwarfing cultivation method, Hebei agricultural science, 2007 (05): 40; Huangxi Fu, hydrangea dwarfing pot plant, Chinese potted landscape, 1994 (02): 7; Wangbaojie, Niuhong, potted hydrangea dwarfing and promoting cultivation, Chinese gardening, 2002 (23): 25; university of Liyangxian, quick propagation in vitro and potted plant production, agriculture in China, 2010). In addition, Wujinhua et al obtain micro-potted plants by cutting with 10-12cm of hydrangea branches at the early stage of inflorescence expansion after paclobutrazol spraying as explants (Wujinhua, Xuanzhen, cultivation of micro-potted plants-hydrangea, flowers and trees potted landscape (flower gardening), 1999 (07): 8). However, the height of the obtained dwarf hydrangea product is generally 10-30cm, and the dwarfing or micro-potting technology of hydrangea is largely empirical, and lacks of systematic research and standardized production procedures, so that the quality of the product is inconsistent, and large-scale production and stable market supply are difficult to realize. In addition, in the prior art, terminal buds or branch stem sections with inflorescences are used as starting materials to dwarf or micro-potted hydrangea, the starting materials are limited in source, and the large-scale popularization and utilization of the dwarfing or micro-potting technology of hydrangea in the prior art are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of one or more of the problems in the prior art, one aspect of the present invention provides a method for cultivating annual flower-opening micro-hydrangea, comprising the steps of:
s1) explant selection: selecting explants on the well-grown hydrangea plants;
s2) seedling culture: treating the explant selected in the step S1 by using a composite biological seedling formation inducer, and planting the treated explant in a matrix for culture to obtain hydrangea seedlings;
s3) micro-scale culture: treating the hydrangea seedlings obtained in the step S2 by using a miniature inducer to obtain annual flowering miniature hydrangeas;
wherein the compound biological seedling-forming inducer in the step S2 is an aqueous solution containing 50-400mg/L melatonin and 100-500mg/L salicylic acid.
The method for cultivating the annual florescent micro hydrangea also comprises the following steps:
s4) treating the annual flowering promoting micro-hydrangea with a reproductive growth inducer to induce flowering;
wherein the reproductive growth inducer comprises 10-400mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 10-50mg/L of Zeatin (ZT) and 50-300mg/L of gibberellin;
preferably, the reproductive growth inducer comprises 10-350mg/L of 6-BA, 10-40mg/L of ZT and 50-250mg/L of gibberellin.
In the method, the specific operation method for treating the annual flower-opening micro hydrangea by using the reproductive growth inducer comprises the following steps: after culturing the annual anthurium capable miniature hydrangea 1-4 weeks, dropwise applying a reproductive growth inducer every 4-5 days for 1-2 times continuously; wherein the dosage of the reproductive growth inducer applied in each drop is 30-70 mu L of solution applied in each shoot bud point.
In the above method, the explant in step S1 comprises a terminal bud, a bud-carrying stem segment and an axillary bud stem segment; preferably, the stem segment with the buds and the stem segment with the axillary buds are current-year stem segments with the length of 3cm-4 cm.
In the above method, the method for treating the explant by using the composite biological seedling formation inducer in step S2 is as follows: and immersing the morphological lower end of the explant in the composite biological seedling-forming inducer for 60-120 s.
In the above method, the miniaturization inducer in step S3 comprises 20-200mg/L melatonin, 50-300mg/L mepiquat chloride, 10-50mg/L salicylic acid and 5-10% (w/v) loss control aid, preferably, the miniaturization inducer comprises 20-150mg/L melatonin, 50-250mg/L mepiquat chloride, 10-40mg/L salicylic acid and 5-10% (w/v) loss control aid; preferably, the loss control agent comprises attapulgite and micro-nano biochar; further preferably, the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the micro-nano biochar is 3:1-5:1, and more preferably 4: 1.
Among the above methods, the method for treating hydrangea seedlings with the miniaturization inducer in step S3 is: after the hydrangea seedlings are grown for 1-2 weeks, spraying a micro inducer every 10-15 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times; wherein the dosage of the micro inducer sprayed each time is 0.5-3ml per plant.
In the above method, the conditions of the seedling culture of step S2 and the miniaturized culture of step S3 are both: the temperature is 22-25 ℃, the humidity is 85-90%, and the illumination intensity is 1800-.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a miniaturization inducer for use in the above method for cultivating annual flower-opening miniature hydrangea, said miniaturization inducer comprising 20-200mg/L melatonin, 50-300mg/L mepiquat chloride, 10-50mg/L salicylic acid and 5-10% (w/v) loss control adjuvant; preferably, the miniaturization inducer comprises 20-150mg/L melatonin, 50-250mg/L mepiquat chloride, 10-40mg/L salicylic acid and 5-10% (w/v) loss control auxiliary agent; wherein the loss control assistant comprises attapulgite and micro-nano biochar; further preferably, the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the micro-nano biochar is 3:1-5:1, and more preferably 4: 1.
The invention also provides a composite biological seedling-forming inducer used in the method for cultivating the annual flower-opening micro hydrangea, and the composite biological seedling-forming inducer is an aqueous solution containing 50-400mg/L melatonin and 100-500mg/L salicylic acid.
The invention also provides a reproductive growth inducer used in the method for cultivating the annual flower-opening micro-hydrangea, wherein the reproductive growth inducer comprises 10-400mg/L of 6-BA, 10-50mg/L of ZT and 50-300mg/L of gibberellin; preferably, the reproductive growth inducer comprises 10-350mg/L of 6-BA, 10-40mg/L of ZT and 50-250mg/L of gibberellin.
The method for cultivating the annual flower-openable micro-hydrangea provided by the technical scheme can use widely-sourced materials such as terminal buds, bud stems or axillary bud stems as explants, and then utilizes a special composite biological seedling formation inducer and a micro inducer to induce and cultivate the explant to obtain the annual flower-openable micro-hydrangea, and the annual flower-openable micro-hydrangea can be realized by applying the special reproductive growth inducer to control the flower-opening time under the proper growth conditions. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the method provided by the invention can utilize the terminal bud or bud stem segment of the traditional cultivated dwarfed hydrangea as the explant, and can also utilize the axillary bud stem segment as the explant, so that the materials are convenient to obtain, the material source is rich, the materials can be obtained at any time in the year, and the method is not limited by time and season; in addition, the terminal bud or the stem segment with the axillary bud or the stem segment with the bud with the length of about 3.5cm is used as the explant, and compared with the prior art that the stem segment with the bud or the terminal bud with the length of 8-15cm is used as the explant, the single plant material taking amount is improved by 5-10 times;
2) the method provided by the invention uses the special composite biological seedling-forming inducer to treat the explant, the seedling-forming rate is up to 100%, the stress resistance of the plant is strong, the growth vigor is good, and the provided composite biological seedling-forming inducer has the advantages of being green, non-toxic, harmless and the like;
3) the microminiaturization inducer provided by the invention can control the microminiaturization degree of the hydrangea by adjusting the treatment concentration, wherein in a certain range, the higher the component concentration of the microminiaturization inducer is, the obtained hydrangea plants are more microminiaturized, the microminiaturization rate is as high as 78.6% and more, the height of the obtained hydrangea can be controlled to be 5.0cm-12cm, and compared with the dwarfing hydrangea product of 10-30cm in the prior art, the microminiaturization effect of the invention is more obvious, and the dwarfing hydrangea product and the pot culture product thereof can be obtained;
4) the invention can control the flowering time and the flowering rate of the annual flowering minisize hydrangea provided by the invention by using the special reproductive growth inducer, realizes the annual flowering of the hydrangea and has rich flower type sizes, wherein the higher the concentration of the components in the reproductive growth inducer is, the higher the flowering rate of the hydrangea is, the flowering rate of the hydrangea is up to 83.4 percent or more, the diameter of the flower ball is 8-21cm, and various hydrangea products and pot culture products thereof can be obtained.
In conclusion, the method for cultivating annual flower-opening micro-hydrangeas provided by the invention can be used for systematically cultivating and obtaining hydrangea products with controllable miniaturization degree and rich flower type sizes, and the obtained hydrangea products have stable quality, can realize large-scale production and stable market supply, and can be widely popularized and applied.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a picture of the year round blossoming miniature hydrangea blossoming in the matrix provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a picture of the annual miniature hydrangea capable of flowering in a flowerpot provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that the specific examples are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The various materials or reagents described in the examples are obtained solely for the purpose of providing a laboratory access to achieve the specific disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting the sources of the materials or reagents of the invention. In fact, the sources of the materials or reagents used are wide and any material or reagent that is accessible without violating laws and ethics may be substituted as indicated in the examples.
The term "all-year-round flowering" used in the specification means that the miniature hydrangea provided by the present invention can flower all the year round regardless of the season in which the miniature hydrangea is cultivated, as long as the growth conditions are suitable and the conditions such as temperature and humidity for flowering are reached, and is not limited by the season. The term "miniature hydrangea" is used to mean dwarfed hydrangea suitable for planting in small pots (e.g., small pots having a caliber of 6-12cm and a height of 5-11 cm).
Melatonin (purchased from Sigma reagent company), salicylic acid (purchased from Sigma reagent company), mepiquat chloride (purchased from shanghai bio-engineering ltd), 6-BA (purchased from Sigma reagent company), ZT (purchased from Sigma reagent company), and gibberellin (purchased from Sigma reagent company) used in the following examples were previously prepared into a mother liquor with water, wherein in the preparation of the mother liquor of salicylic acid, salicylic acid was first dissolved with ethanol, and then the volume was made up into the mother liquor with water. The prepared miniaturized inducer, the composite biological seedling inducer and the reproductive growth inducer are all aqueous solutions.
Example 1: cultivation of annual flower-opening micro-hydrangea
(1) Selecting explants: selecting branches of a well-grown hydrangea variety strain (genins, purchased from Huayue flower Co., Ltd., Zhejiang) as explants, and cutting the branches into stem sections with axillary buds of which the length is about 3.5 cm.
(2) Seedling culture: soaking the morphological lower end of the stem segment in an aqueous solution (the mother solution of melatonin and the mother solution of salicylic acid are mixed according to a certain proportion and are used as a compound biological seedling formation inducer, the same below) added with 50mg/L melatonin and 100mg/L salicylic acid for 120s, planting the mixture in a nutrient substrate (nutrient soil: vermiculite: 3:1, purchased from Yijing gardening), and culturing the seedling in a greenhouse with the temperature of 22-25 ℃, the humidity of 85-90% and the illumination intensity of 1800-; after one week of culture, adventitious roots are formed at the base of the stem segment, and after 2 weeks of culture, robust hydrangea seedlings are formed, with the seedling rate of 100%.
(3) Preparation of a miniaturization inducer: mixing the mother liquor of melatonin, the mother liquor of mepiquat chloride, the mother liquor of salicylic acid and a chemical loss control agent auxiliary agent according to a certain proportion, wherein the final concentration of the melatonin is 20mg/L, the final concentration of the mepiquat chloride is 50mg/L, and the final concentration of the salicylic acid is 10 mg/L; the final concentration of the loss control additive (attapulgite (purchased from Sporolite GmbH of Mingguang city) and the micro-nano biochar (purchased from Hainan Weite environmental protection technology GmbH) are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 4: 1) is 5% (w/v), and an aqueous suspension of the loss control micro inducer is prepared.
(4) The method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out micro-culture on hydrangea: after obtaining the hydrangea seedlings for 1 week, treating the hydrangea seedlings by using a prepared loss control micro inducer, spraying for 1 time about every 15 days, wherein the spraying amount of each time is 0.5ml per plant, continuously spraying for 3 times, and finally obtaining annual flower-openable micro hydrangeas with the average plant height of 11.6cm and the micro rate (the plant height is 5-12 cm/the total number of treated plants, the same below) of 78.6 percent.
(5) And (3) reproductive growth and flowering induction: after obtaining miniature hydrangea capable of flowering in the year for 4 weeks, a reproductive growth inducer (obtained by mixing a mother liquor of 6-BA, a mother liquor of ZT and a mother liquor of gibberellin according to a certain ratio, the same applies below) containing 10 mg/L6-BA, 10mg/L ZT and 50mg/L gibberellin (all purchased from Sigma reagent company) is dripped, and the treatment is carried out once every 4 days, wherein the treatment amount is 30 mu L/bud each time, and the treatment is carried out for 2 times continuously. The final miniature hydrangea blossoming rate (the number of blossomed plants/total number of treated plants) is as high as 83.4%, and the diameter of the ball is 5-8 cm.
(6) Transplanting and maintaining: and (3) transplanting the obtained miniature hydrangea capable of blooming in the year for 2 weeks into a small flowerpot with the caliber of 10cm and the height of 7cm, and performing potting maintenance in a greenhouse to finally obtain a miniature potted product of the hydrangea. Wherein the environmental conditions of the greenhouse are as follows: the temperature is 22-25 ℃, the humidity is 85-90%, and the illumination intensity is 1800-.
Example 2: cultivation of annual flower-opening micro-hydrangea
(1) Selecting explants: selecting branches of a well-grown hydrangea strain (endless summer, purchased from Huayu Hua flower Co., Ltd., Zhejiang) as an explant source, and shearing the branches into stem sections with axillary buds of about 3.5 cm.
(2) Seedling culture: soaking the morphological lower end of the stem segment in an aqueous solution (composite biological seedling forming inducer) added with 200mg/L melatonin and 250mg/L salicylic acid for 90s, planting the stem segment in a nutrient substrate (nutrient soil: vermiculite: 3:1), and performing seedling forming culture in a greenhouse with the temperature of 22-25 ℃, the humidity of 85-90% and the illumination intensity of 1800-; culturing for about 5 days to form adventitious roots at the base of the stem segment, and continuously culturing for 2 weeks to form robust hydrangea seedlings with the seedling rate of 100%.
(3) Preparation of a miniaturization inducer: mixing the mother liquor of melatonin, the mother liquor of mepiquat chloride, the mother liquor of salicylic acid and a chemical loss control agent auxiliary agent according to a certain proportion, wherein the final concentration of the melatonin is 100mg/L, the final concentration of the mepiquat chloride is 150mg/L, and the final concentration of the salicylic acid is 25 mg/L; the final concentration of the loss control auxiliary agent (attapulgite and micro-nano biochar are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 4: 1) is 7.5% (w/v), and aqueous suspension of the loss control micro inducer is prepared;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out micro-culture on hydrangea: after obtaining the hydrangea seedlings for 2 weeks, treating the hydrangea seedlings by using a prepared loss-control miniaturized revulsant, spraying for 1 time every 15 days, wherein the using amount of each time is 2 ml/plant, continuously spraying for 3 times, and finally obtaining annual flower-opening miniature hydrangeas with the average plant height of 8.3cm and the miniature rate as high as 94.4%.
(5) And (3) reproductive growth and flowering induction: after 3 weeks of annual flowering micro hydrangea, the reproductive growth inducer containing 200 mg/L6-BA, 30mg/L ZT and 150mg/L gibberellin was applied dropwise once, with a treatment amount of 50. mu.L per bud. Finally, the flowering rate of the miniature hydrangea is as high as 93.8%, and the diameter of the ball is 5-12 cm. In which fig. 1 shows a picture of the annual flowering micro-hydrangea cultivated in a substrate and treated by a reproductive growth inducer to bloom, it can be seen that in this embodiment, a stem segment with axillary buds is used to undergo seedling cultivation and micro cultivation to obtain a micro-hydrangea, which can bloom after being induced by the reproductive growth inducer.
(6) Transplanting and maintaining: after 2 weeks, transplanting the micro hydrangea capable of blooming in the year to a small flowerpot with the caliber of 10cm and the height of 8.5cm, and performing pot culture maintenance in a greenhouse, wherein the maintenance conditions are 22-25 ℃, the humidity is 85-90%, and the illumination intensity is 1800-. As shown in FIG. 2, there are shown photographs in which the annual flowering micro-hydrangea obtained in this example was transplanted into a flowerpot and flowering was induced by a reproductive growth inducer, wherein the micro-hydrangea was treated once at a treatment amount of 50. mu.L/bud when flowering was induced by the reproductive growth inducer after the micro-hydrangea was transplanted into the flowerpot.
Example 3: cultivation of annual flower-opening micro-hydrangea
(1) Selecting explants: selecting branches of a well-grown hydrangea strain (endless summer, purchased from Huayu Hua flower Co., Ltd., Zhejiang) as an explant source, and shearing the branches into stem sections with axillary buds of about 3.5 cm.
(2) Seedling culture: soaking the morphological lower end of the stem segment in an aqueous solution (composite biological seedling inducer) added with 300mg/L melatonin and 400mg/L salicylic acid for 60s, planting the stem segment in a nutrient substrate (nutrient soil: vermiculite: 3:1), and performing seedling culture in a greenhouse with the temperature of 22-25 ℃, the humidity of 85-90% and the illumination intensity of 1800-; culturing for about 5 days to form adventitious roots at the base of the stem segment, and continuously culturing for 2 weeks to form robust hydrangea seedlings with the seedling rate of 100%.
(3) Preparation of a miniaturization inducer: mixing the mother liquor of melatonin, the mother liquor of mepiquat chloride, the mother liquor of salicylic acid and a chemical loss control agent auxiliary agent according to a certain proportion, wherein the final concentration of the melatonin is 150mg/L, the final concentration of the mepiquat chloride is 250mg/L, and the final concentration of the salicylic acid is 40 mg/L; the final concentration of the loss control additive (attapulgite and micro-nano biochar are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 4: 1) is 9% (w/v), and aqueous suspension of the loss control micro inducer is prepared;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out micro-culture on hydrangea: after obtaining the hydrangea seedlings for 2 weeks, treating the hydrangea seedlings by using a prepared loss-control miniaturized revulsant, spraying for 1 time every 15 days, wherein the using amount of each time is 2 ml/plant, continuously spraying for 3 times, and finally obtaining annual flower-opening miniature hydrangeas with the average plant height of 8.0cm and the miniature rate as high as 95.0%.
(5) And (3) reproductive growth and flowering induction: after 3 weeks of annual flowering micro hydrangea, the reproductive growth inducer containing 350 mg/L6-BA, 40mg/L ZT and 250mg/L gibberellin is dripped once, and the treatment amount is 50 muL per bud. Finally, the flowering rate of the miniature hydrangea reaches 94.8 percent, and the diameter of the ball is 5-10 cm.
(6) Transplanting and maintaining: after 2 weeks, transplanting the micro hydrangea capable of blooming in the year to a small flowerpot with the caliber of 10cm and the height of 8.5cm, and performing pot culture maintenance in a greenhouse, wherein the maintenance conditions are 22-25 ℃, the humidity is 85-90%, and the illumination intensity is 1800-.
Example 4: cultivation of annual flower-opening micro-hydrangea
(1) Selecting an explant: selecting branches of a well-grown hydrangea variety (goblin pupil, purchased from Zhejiang rainbow flower Co., Ltd.) as an explant source, and cutting the branches into stem segments with axillary buds of about 3.5 cm.
(2) Seedling culture: soaking the morphological lower end of the stem segment in an aqueous solution (composite biological seedling forming inducer) added with 400mg/L melatonin and 500mg/L salicylic acid for 60s, planting the stem segment in a nutrient substrate (nutrient soil: vermiculite: 3:1), and performing seedling forming culture in a greenhouse with the temperature of 22-25 ℃, the humidity of 85-90% and the illumination intensity of 1800-; after 1 week of culture, adventitious roots are formed at the base of the stem segment, and after 2 weeks of culture, robust hydrangea seedlings are formed, with the seedling rate of 100%.
(3) Preparation of a miniaturization inducer: mixing a melatonin mother liquor, a mepiquat chloride mother liquor, a salicylic acid mother liquor and a chemical loss control agent auxiliary agent according to a certain proportion, wherein the final concentration of the melatonin is 200mg/L, the final concentration of the mepiquat chloride is 300mg/L, and the final concentration of the salicylic acid is 50 mg/L; the final concentration of the loss control additive (attapulgite and micro-nano biochar are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 4: 1) is 10% (w/v), and aqueous suspension of the loss control micro inducer is prepared.
(4) The method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out micro-culture on hydrangea: after obtaining the hydrangea seedlings for 2 weeks, treating the hydrangea seedlings by using a prepared loss-control miniaturized revulsant, spraying for 1 time every 15 days, wherein the spraying amount is 3 ml/plant every time, continuously spraying for 2 times, and finally obtaining annual flower-opening miniature hydrangeas with the average plant height of 7.8cm and the miniature rate of 95.6 percent.
(5) And (3) reproductive growth and flowering induction: after obtaining the miniature hydrangea capable of flowering in the year for 4 weeks, the reproductive growth inducer containing 400 mg/L6-BA, 50mg/L ZT and 300mg/L gibberellin is dripped once, and the treatment amount is 70 mu L per bud. Finally, the flowering rate of the miniature hydrangea is as high as 96.1%, the diameter of the hydrangea is 5-9cm, but due to the fact that the concentration of a plant growth regulator in a reproductive growth inducer is high, the abnormal phenomenon of the inflorescence of part of hydrangea occurs.
(6) Transplanting and maintaining: after 2 weeks, transplanting the micro hydrangea capable of blooming in the year to a small flowerpot with the caliber of 10cm and the height of 8.5cm, and performing pot culture maintenance in a greenhouse, wherein the maintenance conditions are 22-25 ℃, the humidity is 85-90%, and the illumination intensity is 1800-.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A method for cultivating annual flower-opening micro hydrangea, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) explant selection: selecting explants on the well-grown hydrangea plants; the explant is a stem section with axillary buds;
s2) seedling culture: treating the explant selected in the step S1 by using a composite biological seedling formation inducer, and planting the treated explant in a matrix for culture to obtain hydrangea seedlings;
s3) micro-scale culture: treating the hydrangea seedlings obtained in the step S2 by using a miniature inducer to obtain annual flowering miniature hydrangeas; the miniaturization inducer comprises 20-150mg/L melatonin, 50-250mg/L mepiquat chloride, 10-40mg/L salicylic acid and 5-10% of loss control auxiliary agent in w/v; the loss control assistant comprises attapulgite and micro-nano biochar;
s4) treating the annual flowering promoting micro-hydrangea with a reproductive growth inducer to induce flowering; wherein the reproductive growth inducer comprises 10-350mg/L of 6-BA, 10-40mg/L of ZT and 50-250mg/L of gibberellin;
wherein the compound biological seedling-forming inducer in the step S2 is an aqueous solution containing 50-400mg/L melatonin and 100-500mg/L salicylic acid.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation method of treating the annual flower-opening micro-hydrangea using a reproductive growth inducer is as follows: after culturing the annual anthurium capable miniature hydrangea 1-4 weeks, dropwise applying a reproductive growth inducer every 4-5 days for 1-2 times continuously; wherein the dosage of the reproductive growth inducer applied in each drop is 30-70 mu L of solution applied in each shoot bud point.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the axillary bud stem segment in step S1 is a current year stem segment with a length of 3cm to 4 cm.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the explant is treated with the composite biological seedling inducer in step S2 by: and immersing the morphological lower end of the explant in the composite biological seedling-forming inducer for 60-120 s.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method for treating hydrangea seedlings with the miniaturization inducing agent in step S3 is as follows: after the hydrangea seedlings are grown for 1-2 weeks, spraying a micro inducer every 10-15 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times; wherein the dosage of the micro inducer sprayed each time is 0.5-3ml per plant.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the micro-nano biochar is 4: 1.
7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the conditions of the seedling culture of step S2 and the miniaturized culture of step S3 are both: the temperature is 22-25 ℃, the humidity is 85-90%, and the illumination intensity is 1800-.
8. A miniaturization inducer for use in the method for cultivating annual flower-opening miniature hydrangea according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said miniaturization inducer comprises 20 to 150mg/L melatonin, 50 to 250mg/L mepiquat chloride, 10 to 40mg/L salicylic acid and 5 to 10% w/v loss control adjuvant; wherein the loss control assistant comprises attapulgite and micro-nano biochar.
9. The miniaturization inducer according to claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the attapulgite to the micro-nano biochar is 4: 1.
10. A composite biological seedling inducer used in the method for cultivating annual flowering micro-hydrangea macrophylla as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the composite biological seedling inducer is an aqueous solution containing 50-400mg/L melatonin and 100-500mg/L salicylic acid.
11. A reproductive growth inducer for use in the method for cultivating annual flower-opening micro-hydrangea in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising 6-BA at 10-350mg/L, ZT at 10-40mg/L and gibberellin at 50-250 mg/L.
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