CN1303870C - Culture method of Sinningia speciosa - Google Patents
Culture method of Sinningia speciosa Download PDFInfo
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- CN1303870C CN1303870C CN 200410061427 CN200410061427A CN1303870C CN 1303870 C CN1303870 C CN 1303870C CN 200410061427 CN200410061427 CN 200410061427 CN 200410061427 A CN200410061427 A CN 200410061427A CN 1303870 C CN1303870 C CN 1303870C
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- gloxinia
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for cultivating a gloxinia. Tissue cultivating seedlings without roots are used as raw materials. The present invention has steps that firstly, tender tips of the gloxinia are cut; secondly, new tips are inserted into substrates; thirdly, nutrient fluid is irrigated; fourthly, rootage seedlings are fixed and planted in the same substrates. The method of the present invention has the advantages of practicability, convenient operation, low productive cost and high survival rate and is not limited by seasons, and required lime from seedling cultivation to flowerage is short.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant cultivation field, more specifically relate to a kind of gloxinia cultivation method.
Technical background
Adopted slush that falls of gloxinia is Gesneriaceae gloxinia platymiscium, perennial flowering bulb.Gloxinia originates in Brazil, wild, winter nice and cool summer warm tropical highlands.Warm, the moistening and half cloudy environment of gloxinia happiness in vegetative period.Extensively cultivation all over the world at present, kind is a lot of, is a kind of fabulous spring and summer indoor potted flower in season.Gloxinia is full of leaves emerald green, spends big and beautiful, and the velvet sense is arranged, and that color has is white, powder, red, purplish red, indigo plant and secondary color, is famous indoor pot flowers.The annual spring, bloom in two seasons of autumn, for May Day and happy festival time on National Day provide and decorates potted flower.
The propagation method of gloxinia has seed propagation, cottage propagation, bulb to cut apart breeding and tissue culture propagating.
Seed propagation: spring, autumns two Ji Junke sowing.With the mixed soil of leaf mould, compost and fine sand, the seed pan of after sterilization, packing into, screeding and compaction.28000 in the every gram seed of gloxinia, must evenly sprinkle sowing time, profit water bonnet upper glass at the bottom of the basin; Or, sow behind the cave dish of packing into peat soil and perlite mixing.Room temperature keeps 18～22 ℃, broadcasts the back and germinates in 10～21 days.Transplant shallow basin when seedling grows 3～4 true leaves, be colonizated in 12～15 centimetres of basins during 6～7 true leaves.Avoid the high light direct projection seedling stage, suitably shade, often spraying keeps higher air humidity.Generally bloomed in after planting 6-8 month, i.e. sowing in 3～May, bloom 9～October, 9～10 sowings, 4～May of next year blooms.
Cottage propagation: often sprout tender stem on the gloxinia stem tuber, the tender stem of clip, long 2～4 centimetres, insert in expanded perlite or the fine sand, room temperature is kept 18～20 ℃, inserts the back and takes root in 15～20 days.Leaf is inserted, and spends backwardness, chooses fine individual plant, and the healthy and strong blade of clip stays 1 centimetre of petiole, cuts flat, and 1/3 of blade inserts husky bed, 2/3 stand-down, suitably shades, and keeps certain humidity, inserts the back and can take root in 10～15 days.Move into little basin after waiting to grow seedling.Cuttage in 5～July, 6～July of next year blooms.
Bulb is cut apart breeding: spring when changing basin, behind the stem tuber germination, with budding knife stem tuber is slit into several, every needs the band eye, otherwise only can take root, and does not form growth.The wound of cutting apart is smeared with ash, in case the stops stem rot is mashed.
Tissue culture propagating: with stem section or stem apex is material, is inoculated in the prepared culture medium after sterilization, in aseptic container, indoor illumination condition growth, breeding; When treating seedling length, under aseptic condition,, carry out culture of rootage in the root media that switching goes into to prepare with 3-4 centimetre high seedling cutting-out to 3-4 centimetre high; Cultivate and to take root after 20-30 days; Take out in the container that the gloxinia tissue cultivating seedling people who has given birth to root is aseptic, move into hardening in the matrix that peat and perlite mix, after 40-50 days with the gloxinia tissue cultivating seedling field planting that survives in 12-15 centimetre of basin; Cultivate and to bloom after 60-90 days.Cultivation is the mixed soil of peat soil and perlite mixing or leaf mould, compost and fine sand with matrix.
Following some weak point is arranged in the culture technique of existing gloxinia:
The one, the required cultivation time is long.Use the planting seed propagation method, need 6-8 month from being seeded into to bloom, the cottage propagation required time is longer.
The 2nd, be subjected to season limit and can not accomplish that the anniversary is for flower.Planting seed generally carries out in spring, two seasons of autumn, and the high temperature in summer and the low temperature in winter all influence the germination and the growth of seedlings of seed; Cottage propagation also needs to keep 18-20 ℃ temperature just can have higher survival rate, and the tender stem of high temperature rots easily, and low temperature is difficult for taking root.Tissue culture propagation, the hardening stage is subjected to Temperature Influence bigger, and general temperature 20-30 ℃ survival rate is higher, can reach 90% above temperature more than 35 ℃ and then can not survive fully.
The 3rd, cottage propagation and bulb are cut apart a large amount of maternal plant material of needs, so large-scale production is restricted.Gloxinia plant regular meeting in process of growth sprouts tender stem from bulb and goes out, and in order to make the plant strain growth stalwartness, the tender stem that sends all will in time be removed, and generally is below 2 centimetres.Can not be used for cuttage so these tender stems that cause is removed are too little; As carrying out cottage propagation tender stem is grown up, influence the growth of plant so again and bloom normally; The tender stem that a general strain gloxinia plant can be used for cuttage has only 4-5.Again since quantity and sprout time that maternal plant sprouts tender stem can't artificially control, so cottage propagation can not be accomplished at regular time and quantity on producing.The quantity that bulb is cut apart breeding still less.
The 4th, long-term cottage propagation and bulb are cut apart also can cause plant growing decline, the problem that the quality of blooming descends.
The 5th, the technology of existing tissue culture propagating gloxinia seedling can accomplish to breed in a large number at short notice high quality seedling, but the production cost of seedling is slightly high than other propagation method.Seminal propagation one young plant is about 0.6 yuan now, and tissue cultivating seedling is wanted 0.8-1.00 unit.
Therefore gloxinia potted flower production at present mainly is based on seed propagation.
Aspect the selecting for use of cultivation matrix, cultivate the used matrix of gloxinia now and mainly be that peat becomes with the perlite flour mixed with adulterants or the mixed soil of leaf mould, compost and fine sand.
Peat (PEAT) claims the peat composed of rotten mosses again, is a kind of important organic mineral resources, it is the distinctive product of palustrine in ancient times, it comprising a high proportion of, gathered thousands of years dead organic matter (wherein mainly being plant) soil, its forming process is very slow, the peat of 1 cm thick needs 10 years approximately.Peat is a kind of valuable natural resources, because the light weight of its uniqueness, water holding, ventilative and be rich in organic matter, have the irreplaceable effect of other materials is widely used in medical science, environmental protection, agricultural, the energy, building materials and chemical field, in recent years extensive use on China and world's gardening.
The existing several centuries of human utilization to bog before the eighties of last century, is used as the source of fuel, food and the sanctuary of animal charcoal and is used, though suffered partial destruction, most areas are not all because of intactly being preserved by the anthropogenic influence.Significant change has but taken place in 20th century in situation.The wilderness demand in house, the energy and agricultural land has increased the exploitation to natural wetland, causes global bog total amount sharply to descend.It is reported that so far, West Europe has the bog more than 90% to lose approximately, wherein, Dutch destroyed totally.And the nearly 5,000,000 hectares of bog in the whole world by exploitation be used for fuel and gardening, 3,000 ten thousand hectares be used for forestry and agricultural.Therefore a large amount of use peat not only cause resource, environment damage, and the growth cost is higher.
Leaf mould is to form after rotting by falling leaves for many years under the woods, and a large amount of leaf moulds that take the sylvan life top layer can cause resource, environment damage equally.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of gloxinia cultivation method, easy to implement the method, easy to operate, production cost is low, be not subject to seasonal restrictions, and the transplanting survival rate height, the required time of blooming from growing seedlings to is short.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
1, with gloxinia plants stems section, stem apex as explant, at first plant was washed 1 hour with flowing water, clean, be cut into the long stem section of 1～2cm, with 75% alcohol-pickled 10～30 seconds, aseptic water washing 3 times, again with 0.1% mercuric chloride sterilization 10～15 minutes, with aseptic water washing 4～5 times, the stem section that disinfects is inserted in the prepared culture medium, this medium comprises the material of MS minimal medium and additional different components;
The composition of MS minimal medium (unit: mg/L):
Nitric acid ammonia (NH
4NO
3) 1650
Potassium nitrate (KNO
3) 1900
Calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl
22H
2O) 440
Epsom salt (MgSO
47H
2O) 370
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2PO
4) 170
Potassium iodide (KI) 0.83
Boric acid (H
3BO
3) 6.2
Four water manganese sulphate (MnSO
44H
2O) 22.3
White vitriol (ZnSO
47H
2O) 8.6
Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate (Na
2MoO
42H
2O) 0.25
Cupric sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO
45H
2O) 0.025
CoCL2 (CoCl
26H
2O) 0.025
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO
47H
2O) 27.8
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Na
2EDTA2H
2O) 37.3
Inositol 100
Nicotinic acid 0.5
Puridoxine hydrochloride 0.5
Thiamine hydrochloride 0.1
Glycine 2
Additional different material is: agar 6000～8000mg/L, sugar 20000～30000mg/L; Illumination cultivation (indoor), illumination every day 12～14 hours, light intensity 2000～3000Lx, temperature is 20～25 ℃, cultivates 10～30 days, eustipes part begins to sprout young shoot.
2, the young shoot that grows is changed in the proliferated culture medium, this proliferated culture medium comprises the material of MS minimal medium (the same) and additional different components, and additional different material is: 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-Benzyl aminopurine is called for short BA) 0.1～2.0mg/L, methyl (I-NaphthyIacetic acid is called for short NAA) 0.01～0.5mg/L, agar 6000～8000mg/L, sugar 20000～30000mg/L; Illumination cultivation (indoor), illumination every day 12～14 hours, light intensity 2000～3000Lx, temperature is 20～25 ℃; Cultivated 30～40 days, young shoot can grow the bud of growing thickly, and expands once numerous in later per 30 days.
3, outside sprout-cultivating-bottle is cultivated, to cut into the long tender tip of 3～4cm from giving birth to seedling, the tender tip is inserted in the ready matrix cultivates, this matrix is: perlite, vermiculite, coconut husk, wood sawdust or peat, the nutrient solution that pouring prepares in matrix, this nutrient solution is: nitric acid ammonia 500-900mg/L, potassium nitrate 600-1000mg/L, magnesium sulfate 100-200mg/L, calcium chloride 150-250mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 60-90mg/L; Taking shelter from rain, temperature 18-40 ℃, just can take root in 10～20 days under the natural lighting condition.
4, can be transplanted to the diameter that matrix is housed when high to 5-8 centimetre be field planting in 12-15 centimetre the flowerpot to offspring length to be generated, and this matrix is: perlite, vermiculite, coconut husk, wood sawdust or peat; Every two weeks pouring one time of nutrition liquid can be bloomed in 2-3 month, and this nutrient solution is: nitric acid ammonia 500-900mg/L, potassium nitrate 600-1000mg/L, magnesium sulfate 100-200mg/L, calcium chloride 150-250mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 60-90mg/L.
The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages and effect, gloxinia tissue cultivating seedling with outside sprout-cultivating-bottle cooperates the cultivation method of producing the gloxinia potted flower with soilless culture substrate, that is: carry out taking root the stage in the process of tissue-culturing rapid propagation gloxinia, do not need in airtight aseptic bottle or take root in the container; Directly be inserted in the matrix with gloxinia unrooted tissue cultivating seedling and take root; The seedling after surviving of taking root change big basin field planting cultivation in soilless culture substrate until blooming.The method: 1, easy to implement the method, easy to operate, can reduce the production cost of gloxinia tissue culturing seedling and finished product potted flower; 2, reduce Plant Tissue Breeding seedling production routine, improved the transplanting survival rate of tissue culturing seedling; 3, can under higher temperature environment, carry out the outside sprout-cultivating-bottle and the transplanting of tissue cultivating seedling, when temperature reaches 38～40 ℃, also can carry out the bottle outlet of tissue cultivating seedling and transplant, and survival rate can reach more than 95%.4, the present invention also can be used for the bottle outlet transplanting of other plant tissue cultivating seedling; 5, with the coconut husk be tissue cultivating seedling outside sprout-cultivating-bottle and potted flower culture matrix, both reduced in the gardening plant cultivation that twice laid again helps the protection of ecotope to the dependence of peat soil and leaf mould; 6, adopting this invention to take root from the tissue cultivating seedling bottle outlet only needs 80-100 days to plant blossom, and the place has subtracted and grows seedlings and the cultivation time greatly; 7, help artificial control, accomplish batch process at regular time and quantity.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
1, with gloxinia plants stems section, be explant, at first plant was washed 1 hour with flowing water, clean, be cut into the long stem section of 1～2cm, with 75% alcohol-pickled 10 seconds, aseptic water washing 3 times, with 0.1% mercuric chloride sterilization 15 minutes, use aseptic water washing 4 times again, the stem section that disinfects is inserted in the MS medium for preparing, this medium comprises the material of MS minimal medium and additional different components, and additional different material is: agar 6000mg/L, sugared 20000mg/L; Illumination cultivation (indoor), illumination every day 12～14 hours, light intensity 2000～3000Lx, temperature is 20～25 ℃, cultivates 15 days, eustipes part begins to sprout young shoot; Then the young shoot that grows is changed in the proliferated culture medium, this medium comprises the material of MS minimal medium and additional different components, and additional different material is: 6-benzyl aminopurine 0.1mg/L, methyl 0.01mg/L, agar 6000mg/L, sugared 30000mg/L; Illumination cultivation (indoor), illumination every day 12～14 hours, light intensity 2000～3000Lx, temperature is 25 ℃; Cultivated 30 days, young shoot can grow the bud of growing thickly, and expands once numerous in later per 30 days;
2, be material with the tender tip of the gloxinia of tissue culture propagating, the tender tip that 3cm is long is cut, taking shelter from rain, and 35 ℃ of temperature, under the natural lighting condition, the tender tip that directly will cut inserts in the ready matrix, and this matrix is perlite; Water the nutrient solution for preparing again, this nutrient solution is: nitric acid ammonia 500mg/L, potassium nitrate 600mg/L, magnesium sulfate 100mg/L, calcium chloride 150mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 60mg/L.
3, be that this matrix is coconut husk in 12 centimetres the flowerpot that matrix is housed with the 5 centimetres high seedling field planting of taking root to diameter; Every two weeks pouring one time of nutrition liquid, this nutrient solution is: nitric acid ammonia 800mg/L, potassium nitrate 1000mg/L, magnesium sulfate 150mg/L, calcium chloride 200mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 80mg/L.
4, condition of culture: take shelter from rain 35 ℃ of temperature, natural lighting.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of gloxinia cultivation method, it comprises the following steps:
A, with gloxinia plants stems section, stem apex as explant, plant is washed with flowing water, clean, be cut into the long stem section of 1～2cm, with 75% alcohol-pickled 10～30 seconds, aseptic water washing, with 0.1% mercuric chloride sterilization 10～15 minutes, use aseptic water washing 4～5 times again; The stem section that disinfects is inserted in the MS medium for preparing, and this medium comprises the material of MS minimal medium and additional different components, and additional different material is: agar 6000～8000mg/L, sugar 20000～30000mg/L; Illumination cultivation, illumination every day 12～14 hours, light intensity 2000～3000Lx, temperature is 20～25 ℃, cultivates 10～30 days;
B, the young shoot that grows is changed in the proliferated culture medium, this medium comprises the material of MS minimal medium and additional different components, additional different material is: 6-benzyl aminopurine 0.1～2.0mg/L, methyl 0.01～0.5mg/L, agar, sugar, illumination cultivation, light intensity, temperature are identical with steps A, cultivated 30～40 days, young shoot grows the bud of growing thickly, and expands once numerous in later per 30 days;
C, outside sprout-cultivating-bottle are cultivated, the seedling of will growing thickly cuts into the long tender tip of 3～4cm, the tender tip is inserted in the matrix cultivates, described matrix is perlite, vermiculite, coconut husk, wood sawdust or peat, the nutrient solution that pouring prepares in matrix, nutrient solution is nitric acid ammonia 500-900mg/L, potassium nitrate 600-1000mg/L, magnesium sulfate 100-200mg/L, calcium chloride 150-250mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 60-90mg/L; Taking shelter from rain, temperature 18-40 ℃, just can take root in 10～20 days under the natural lighting condition;
D, offspring length to be generated can be transplanted to the diameter that described matrix is housed when high to 5-8 centimetre be field planting in 12-15 centimetre the flowerpot, and every two weeks pouring one time of nutrition liquid was bloomed in 2-3 month, and nutrient solution is identical with step C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410061427 CN1303870C (en) | 2004-12-24 | 2004-12-24 | Culture method of Sinningia speciosa |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410061427 CN1303870C (en) | 2004-12-24 | 2004-12-24 | Culture method of Sinningia speciosa |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1631089A CN1631089A (en) | 2005-06-29 |
| CN1303870C true CN1303870C (en) | 2007-03-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410061427 Expired - Fee Related CN1303870C (en) | 2004-12-24 | 2004-12-24 | Culture method of Sinningia speciosa |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1303870C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100559934C (en) * | 2007-09-17 | 2009-11-18 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of primulina tabacum (Primulina tabacum Hance) tissue culture propagating and field planting method |
| CN103518600B (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-02-18 | 中国长江三峡集团公司 | Method of outdoor hydroponic rooting of ficus elastica test-tube plantlets |
| CN103875470B (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2016-01-20 | 济南市农业科学研究院 | Gloxinia dwarfing culture method |
| CN103734015A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-23 | 济南市农业科学研究院 | Method for culturing genetically modified gloxinia under mediation of agrobacterium tumefaciens |
| CN103918555B (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2015-09-30 | 济南市农业科学研究院 | Obtain the tissue culture method of gloxinia plant |
| CN106035085A (en) * | 2016-06-11 | 2016-10-26 | 杭州花泽园艺工程有限公司 | Cultivating method of garden plants |
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2004
- 2004-12-24 CN CN 200410061427 patent/CN1303870C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1631089A (en) | 2005-06-29 |
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