CN103283518A - Air pineapple flowering time regulation method - Google Patents
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- CN103283518A CN103283518A CN2013102660548A CN201310266054A CN103283518A CN 103283518 A CN103283518 A CN 103283518A CN 2013102660548 A CN2013102660548 A CN 2013102660548A CN 201310266054 A CN201310266054 A CN 201310266054A CN 103283518 A CN103283518 A CN 103283518A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an air pineapple flowering time regulation method. According to the method, an air pineapple is induced to flower by the aid of plant growth regulator ethephon. The method includes the steps: (1) forcing flowers of plants; (2) performing floral induction; and (3) accelerating flower bud development. By the aid of the air pineapple flowering time regulation method, the flowering rate of the air pineapple can reach more than 90%, ornamental value and commercial value of the air pineapple are greatly improved, agent cost is low, and an operating method is simple and easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of ornamental plants florescence control, especially relate to a kind of Tillandsia florescence control method, belong to biological technical field.
Background technology
Tillandsia has another name called iron orchid, gas pig iron orchid, air grass, is the abbreviation of the middle aerophyte original seed of pineapple family (Bromeliaceae) Tillandsia (Tillandsia) and filial generation thereof.More than totally 550 initial species and more than 90 mutation of full genus, and countless crossbreed are the perennial evergreen herbaceous plant, and major part is given birth to or the type of growing nonparasitically upon another plant for gas, is to move in airborne plant fully.Most of kind of Tillandsia comes from Latin America, and eastern united states and south, Mexico, Central America are until all there is distribution in Argentinian south.Most kinds are lived in Swampy Areas, tropical rain forest zone, fog forest district, also have some existence at the desert area of the high heat of arid, the small part kind is distributed in single mountain valley or mountain area, grows nonparasitically upon another plant above rock and Indian fig, trees, electric wire etc., to the area, plateau distribution is arranged all from the seashore limit.
Compare with common pineapple kind, the plant of Tillandsia is less, root system degeneration, flower decreased number, number seeds increase and have and become mildewed, and the habit of growth of these a series of uniquenesses makes it to become the most drought-enduring on the earth, fast light photograph and heat-resisting colony.Tillandsia spike or compound spike are extracted out from leafage central authorities, and little floral tube shape is left in the petal sheet, yellow, white, green, hyacinthine or redness have perfume (or spice) or British plain spirits, and 3 on petal is arranged, column cap often stretches out the corolla mouth of pipe, and the florescence mainly concentrates on the May of November to next year.After Tillandsia was bloomed, ornamental value can improve greatly.It is inconsistent that but Tillandsia is bloomed under field conditions (factors).Behind the artificial cultivation, because variation has taken place environmental condition, the most kind bloomed more at random, and some kind is not even bloomed.In order to allow Tillandsia go out to spend neatly, and can obtain ' flower frequently ', must carry out artificial induced flowering to it, Tillandsia is carried out artificial induced flowering, be to carry out the important step that the Tillandsia commercialization is produced.
Tillandsia is as special monoid in the pineapple family, and market sales volume is very big abroad, just just shows up prominently as ornamental plants at home.Though the Tillandsia kind is different, the plant type grace, but the Tillandsia leaf color of most of kind is celadon, may not show slightly dull if do not bloom, and its inflorescence and petal color is gorgeous, rich and varied, the Tillandsia of blooming just has more market value, therefore the Tillandsia florescence control is carried out correlative study, is the introduction that is conducive to the Flower New Variety kind on the one hand, accelerate the Tillandsia production domesticization, enrich domestic flowers market; Can solve the problem of flowering asynchronism on the other hand, be conducive to crossbreeding, cultivate abundanter good new varieties.Therefore, florescence control has great significance.
Differentiation and the Endogenous Hormones of plant bud are in close relations, by using the exogenous hormone breaking dormancy, promote flower bud differentiation, thereby reach the purpose of early flowering.Because darkroom or shading treatment and prolongation illumination all need consumes energy and drop into a large amount of human and material resources, cost height.Therefore, the various countries scholar to having carried out big quantity research in advance and aspect the effect of late blooming, has inquired into the physiological mechanism that they act on simultaneously in plant growth regulator and other chemical substances.In theory, nearly all growth and development of plant process can be controlled with plant growth regulator.Plant growth regulator is to the effect more complicated of flowering of plant, and is different and different with plant variety according to conditioning agent, also closely related with concentration, time and the external environmental condition handled.Growth regulator commonly used has gibberellin, methyl, 2,4-D, ethrel, paclobutrazol etc.Ethene can promote the formation of the climing platymiscium flower of pineapple family Triteleia, iris and fruit.Ethene is the gas hormone that can cause that most of bromelia is bloomed rapidly.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the objective of the invention is to provides a kind of cost low at inconsistent problem of Tillandsia florescence, but the method that induced air pineapple easy to operation is bloomed.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of Tillandsia florescence control method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) flower forcing plant preliminary treatment: choose the above healthy and strong plant of greenhouse culture life in 2 years, regulate and control to stop fertilising by the previous moon, regulation and control stop to water the last week;
(2) floral induction is handled: after 6 pm, carry out foliage-spray with ethephon solution and handle, have under the drips of solution until plant leaf;
(3) promote flower bud development to handle: floral induction was handled after 10 days, carried out foliar application with potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further technical scheme is:
In the above-mentioned steps (2), the concentration of ethephon solution is 200-400mg/L.
Above-mentioned steps (2) is finished in 7 days and is forbidden watering, and sprays once the ethephon solution identical with the floral induction concentration for the treatment of after step (2) is finished in 14 days again in spring, autumn, winter.
In the above-mentioned steps (3), the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1%-5%.
In the above-mentioned steps (3), apply fertilizer once every 15-20 days winter, and apply fertilizer once every 7-10 days other seasons.
The growing environment of Tillandsia is controlled to be in above-mentioned steps (1), (2), (3): lowest temperature is 5.0-25.6 ℃, and the highest temperature is 18.4-33.1 ℃, and humidity is 75-90%, and illumination is 2.0-3.0 ten thousand lux, and 50-80% shades.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) adopts Tillandsia florescence control method provided by the present invention, successfully induced the flower bud differentiation of Tillandsia, and can at any time obtain the plant that blooms, and the flower forcing rate reaches more than 90%, spring, summer, autumn, about 45-60d can be bloomed, winter, about 70-80d can be bloomed, and the flower color and luster bad variation does not take place, promoted viewing and admiring and commercial value of Tillandsia.Method of the present invention can reach good flower forcing effect at aspects such as normal flowering rate, florescences, and is not subjected to the influence of destabilizing factors such as physioclimate, and bud inductivity and normal flowering rate are stable, and the quality of flower improves.
(2) method of the present invention does not need can to bloom by the induced air pineapple by the low temperature vernalization, has reduced cooling system and operating cost; Method of the present invention is in all carrying out throughout the year; The used plant growth regulator ethrel of the present invention is cheap, and be convenient to the producer and use on a large scale, thereby Tillandsia production and flower forcing cost are obviously reduced, and easy and simple to handle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is done concrete introduction.
A kind of Tillandsia florescence control method may further comprise the steps:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Tillandsia florescence control method may further comprise the steps:
(1) flower forcing plant preliminary treatment: choose the healthy and strong plant of greenhouse culture life in 2 years April, regulate and control to stop fertilising by the previous moon, regulation and control stop to water the last week;
(2) floral induction is handled: in 6 pm, be that the ethephon solution of 300mg/L carries out the foliage-spray processing with concentration, have under the drips of solution until plant leaf;
(3) floral induction is further handled: spray in back 7 days after step (2) is finished and do not water, the ethephon solution that to spray concentration after 14 days again be 300mg/L;
(4) promote flower bud development to handle: after step (3) is finished 10 days, begin fertilising, fertilising adopts 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to carry out foliar application to promote flower bud development, and fertilising in per 10 days once;
(5) control growing environment: Tillandsia cultivation chamber facility mainly contains the automatic sun-shading system, microcirculqtory system, the automatic cooling system of blower fan cascade, seedbeds etc., greenhouse shade 60%, and humidity is 75%, 12 ℃ of minimum sammings, 25.5 ℃ of the highest sammings, illumination 2.0 ten thousand lux.Tillandsia elfin flowering rate reaches 92% behind the 53d.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Tillandsia florescence control method may further comprise the steps:
(1) flower forcing plant preliminary treatment: choose the healthy and strong plant of greenhouse culture life in 2 years August, regulate and control to stop fertilising by the previous moon, regulation and control stop to water the last week;
(2) floral induction is handled: in point in afternoons 7, be that the ethephon solution of 200mg/L carries out the foliage-spray processing with concentration, have under the drips of solution until plant leaf;
(3) floral induction is further handled: spray in back 7 days after step (2) is finished and do not water;
(4) promote flower bud development to handle: after step (3) is finished 10 days, begin fertilising, fertilising adopts 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to carry out foliar application to promote flower bud development, and fertilising in per 7 days once;
(5) control growing environment: Tillandsia cultivation chamber facility mainly contains the automatic sun-shading system, microcirculqtory system, the automatic cooling system of blower fan cascade, seedbeds etc., greenhouse shade 80%, and humidity is 80%, 25.6 ℃ of minimum sammings, 33.1 ℃ of the highest temperatures, illumination 2.8 ten thousand lux.Tillandsia elfin flowering rate reaches 96% behind the 45d.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Tillandsia florescence control method may further comprise the steps:
(1) flower forcing plant preliminary treatment: choose the triennial healthy and strong plant of greenhouse culture December, regulate and control to stop fertilising by the previous moon, regulation and control stop to water the last week;
(2) floral induction is handled: in 6 pm, be that the ethephon solution of 400mg/L carries out the foliage-spray processing with concentration, have under the drips of solution until plant leaf;
(3) floral induction is further handled: spray in back 7 days after step (2) is finished and do not water, the ethephon solution that to spray concentration after 14 days again be 400mg/L;
(4) promote flower bud development to handle: after step (3) is finished 10 days, begin fertilising, fertilising adopts 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to carry out foliar application to promote flower bud development, and fertilising in per 15 days once;
(5) control growing environment: Tillandsia cultivation chamber facility mainly contains the automatic sun-shading system, microcirculqtory system, the automatic cooling system of blower fan cascade, seedbeds etc., greenhouse shade 50%, and humidity is 75%, 7.8 ℃ of minimum sammings, 15.6 ℃ of the highest sammings, illumination 2.1 ten thousand lux.Tillandsia elfin flowering rate reaches 91% behind the 74d.
Adopt Tillandsia florescence control method provided by the present invention, successfully induced the flower bud differentiation of Tillandsia, and can at any time obtain the plant that blooms, and the flower forcing rate reaches more than 90%, spring, summer and autumn, about 45-60d can be bloomed, winter, about 70-80d can be bloomed, and the flower color and luster bad variation does not take place, promoted viewing and admiring and commercial value of Tillandsia.Method of the present invention can reach good flower forcing effect at aspects such as normal flowering rate, florescences, and is not subjected to the influence of destabilizing factors such as physioclimate, and bud inductivity and normal flowering rate are stable, and the quality of flower improves.
Above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, and all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that the mode of equivalent transformation obtains, all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a Tillandsia florescence control method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) flower forcing plant preliminary treatment: choose the above healthy and strong plant of greenhouse culture life in 2 years, regulate and control to stop fertilising by the previous moon, regulation and control stop to water the last week;
(2) floral induction is handled: after 6 pm, carry out foliage-spray with ethephon solution and handle, have under the drips of solution until plant leaf;
(3) promote flower bud development to handle: floral induction was handled after 10 days, carried out foliar application with potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
2. a kind of Tillandsia florescence control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned steps (2), the concentration of ethephon solution is 200-400mg/L.
3. a kind of Tillandsia florescence control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned steps (2) is finished in 7 days and is forbidden watering, and sprays once the ethephon solution identical with the floral induction concentration for the treatment of after step (2) is finished in 14 days again in spring, autumn, winter.
4. a kind of Tillandsia florescence control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned steps (3), the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1%-5%.
5. a kind of Tillandsia florescence control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned steps (3), apply fertilizer once every 15-20 days winter, and apply fertilizer once every 7-10 days other seasons.
6. a kind of Tillandsia florescence control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the growing environment of Tillandsia is controlled to be in above-mentioned steps (1), (2), (3): lowest temperature is 5.0-25.6 ℃, the highest temperature is 18.4-33.1 ℃, humidity is 75-90%, illumination is 2.0-3.0 ten thousand lux, and 50-80% shades.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103858687A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-18 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for adjusting and controlling blooming of Tillandsia through photoperiods |
| CN105075786A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Management method for improving cold endurance of air plants by using zinc elements |
| CN105684670A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-22 | 丹阳市皇美花卉园艺公司 | Cultivation method for pineapple seedlings |
| CN106105734A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of water management method of the combination lime application promoting Tillandsia to bloom |
| CN106171447A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | The moisture of a kind of combination lime application promoting Tillandsia to bloom and illumination management method |
| CN106171448A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of illumination management method of the combination lime application promoting Tillandsia to bloom |
| CN106856949A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 界首市伟盛家庭农场 | A kind of method for improving peony pattern quality |
| CN107079768A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-22 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of method of Chinese Hibiscu florescence control |
| CN107278462A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-10-24 | 张德龙 | A kind of implantation methods of pineapple |
| CN109769567A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-21 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | A kind of cultural method improving Skimmia japonica Rubella setting percentage |
| CN110663494A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-10 | 浙江省萧山棉麻研究所 | Production method of miniature Lisui pineapple and miniature Lisui pineapple potted plant thereof |
| CN110692482A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-17 | 浙江省萧山棉麻研究所 | Forcing culture method for Lisui pineapple |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103858687A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-18 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for adjusting and controlling blooming of Tillandsia through photoperiods |
| CN105684670A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-22 | 丹阳市皇美花卉园艺公司 | Cultivation method for pineapple seedlings |
| CN105075786A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Management method for improving cold endurance of air plants by using zinc elements |
| CN106105734A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of water management method of the combination lime application promoting Tillandsia to bloom |
| CN106171447A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | The moisture of a kind of combination lime application promoting Tillandsia to bloom and illumination management method |
| CN106171448A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of illumination management method of the combination lime application promoting Tillandsia to bloom |
| CN106856949A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 界首市伟盛家庭农场 | A kind of method for improving peony pattern quality |
| CN106856949B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-03-27 | 界首市伟盛家庭农场 | A kind of method for improving peony pattern quality |
| CN107079768A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-22 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of method of Chinese Hibiscu florescence control |
| CN107278462A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-10-24 | 张德龙 | A kind of implantation methods of pineapple |
| CN109769567A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-21 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | A kind of cultural method improving Skimmia japonica Rubella setting percentage |
| CN109769567B (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-03-30 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for improving seed setting rate of skimmia purpurea |
| CN110663494A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-10 | 浙江省萧山棉麻研究所 | Production method of miniature Lisui pineapple and miniature Lisui pineapple potted plant thereof |
| CN110692482A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-17 | 浙江省萧山棉麻研究所 | Forcing culture method for Lisui pineapple |
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Application publication date: 20130911 |