CN111109035A - Method for regulating and controlling delayed flowering of sugarcane by night illumination treatment - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling delayed flowering of sugarcane by night illumination treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111109035A CN111109035A CN201910920647.9A CN201910920647A CN111109035A CN 111109035 A CN111109035 A CN 111109035A CN 201910920647 A CN201910920647 A CN 201910920647A CN 111109035 A CN111109035 A CN 111109035A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/55—Sugar cane
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling delayed flowering of sugarcane by night illumination treatment, which is characterized in that a sugarcane growth point is irradiated by lamplight with certain illumination intensity at night to interrupt the growth cycle of the sugarcane at night, the differentiation of sugarcane flower buds and the development period of scions are interfered, the effects of delayed flowering and continuous flowering of early flowering parents of the sugarcane are achieved, and the problem of flowering asynchronism of hybrid parents of the sugarcane is solved. By the method, the requirements of different flowering phases in the sexual hybridization combination selection of the sugarcane can be met, the aim of wide hybridization combination selection of early flowering parents is fulfilled, and the breeding efficiency of the new variety with multiple resistance, high sugar content and high biomass is improved. The method solves the problem of flowering asynchronism of the early flowering sugarcane parents, improves the utilization efficiency of the early flowering sugarcane parents, realizes the completion of sexual hybridization combination matching of the sugarcane, and promotes the improvement of sugarcane varieties and the breakthrough variety breeding process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to production of sugarcane hybrid seeds, in particular to a method for regulating and controlling delayed flowering of sugarcane by night illumination treatment.
Background
The sugarcane sexual hybridization technology is an important way and the most effective means for improving sugarcane varieties, can be used as hybridization parents only when flowering, and can be used for preparing hybridization combinations only among the parents meeting in flowering phase to realize sexual hybridization.
The southern Hainan sugarcane breeding farm of Guangzhou sugarcane sugar industry research institute is located in the cliff city of the third City (18 degrees to 36 degrees in northern latitude, 109 degrees to 17 degrees in east longitude and 10 meters in altitude), the annual average temperature is 25.7 ℃, and the maximum monthly average temperature is 28.7 ℃; the minimum monthly average air temperature is 21.4 ℃. The annual sunshine time is 2534 hours, under natural conditions, the flowering period of the early flowering parent and the late flowering parent of the sugarcane is greatly different, and the time difference of the flowering period is more than 40 days at most, so that a great amount of parent material waste is caused by the flowering period in each crossing season. Among them, some early-maturing and high-sugar varieties introduced in China, such as CP, HoCP series and YC series parent materials for self-breeding, are most early-flowering parents easy to bloom. These early flowering parent materials often have excellent properties such as extra high sugar, high yield, disease resistance, insect resistance, wide adaptability and the like, but because the flowering is too early, the early flowering parent materials cannot be well hybridized, which brings great difficulty to the breakthrough variety breeding for the improvement of sugarcane varieties.
Disclosure of Invention
As a national sugarcane breeding and hybrid seed production base supporting unit, the Hainan sugarcane breeding farm of the applicant develops a set of technical scheme suitable for sugarcane night illumination treatment to regulate and control delayed flowering of parents aiming at local natural conditions and climatic characteristics, solves the problem of flowering asynchronism of early flowering sugarcane parents, improves the utilization efficiency of the early flowering sugarcane parents, promotes the completion of sexual hybridization combination matching, and is beneficial to the breeding of improved breakthrough varieties of sugarcane varieties.
The method is an effective means for delaying blooming of early-flowering parents and realizing meeting of flowering phases during sugarcane crossing, and achieves the purpose of matching different flowering phases in a crossing combination mode by innovating a means of delaying blooming and continuous blooming.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method of regulating delayed flowering of sugar cane by nighttime light treatment, the method comprising: night illumination treatment, supplementary illumination treatment, days of night illumination treatment, days of supplementary illumination treatment and illumination intensity control; wherein
Performing night illumination treatment, wherein illumination is performed by adopting a lamp source every morning from 0:00 to 2:00 in the middle of 8 to 9 months in the year;
supplementary lighting, namely, finishing night lighting from 9 middle ten days to 10 months;
the number of days of night illumination treatment lasts for 15-26 days;
the number of days of light supplement and illumination treatment lasts for 33-40 days;
and controlling the illumination intensity, wherein the illumination intensity is 10.5-205 Lx.
It should be noted that, in the night illumination processing, the initial time is controlled to start in late 8 months and end in middle 9 months.
Note that the illumination intensity is 118 Lx.
In the nighttime light treatment period, the continuous light time is 2 hours per night.
The supplementary lighting is divided into two time periods, namely 6: 15-7: 00 and 18: 15-18: 40 each day.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
firstly, the difficult problem that the early flowering sugarcane parents are out of date is solved, the utilization efficiency of the early flowering sugarcane parents is improved, and the successful completion of sexual hybridization combination matching is realized.
Secondly, the delayed blooming of the early-flowering parents is promoted, the continuous blooming of the parents is promoted, the requirements of different flowering phases of the hybridization combination matching are met, and the universality of the combination matching of the early-flowering parents is effectively improved.
Thirdly, the breakthrough variety breeding process of the sugarcane variety improvement is promoted. The sugarcane variety improvement mainly depends on sexual hybridization combination matching, and the key point of sexual hybridization combination matching lies in meeting of flowering phases, so that the combination matching can be smoothly completed. Therefore, the technology realizes the aim of introducing CP and HoCP series parents abroad and the innovative material cliff series parents containing the wild blood margin to meet the florescence of the cultivated variety, and carrying out hybridization combination preparation, thereby further breeding the novel breakthrough sugarcane variety.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the following examples are provided to illustrate the detailed embodiments and specific operations based on the technical solutions of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling delayed flowering of sugarcane by night illumination treatment, which comprises the following steps: night illumination treatment, supplementary illumination treatment, days of night illumination treatment, days of supplementary illumination treatment and illumination intensity control; wherein
Performing night illumination treatment, wherein illumination is performed by adopting a lamp source every morning from 0:00 to 2:00 in the middle of 8 to 9 months in the year;
supplementary lighting, namely, finishing night lighting from 9 middle ten days to 10 months;
the number of days of night illumination treatment lasts for 15-26 days;
the number of days of light supplement and illumination treatment lasts for 33-40 days; 2
And controlling the illumination intensity, wherein the illumination intensity is 10.5-205 Lx.
It should be noted that, in the night illumination processing, the initial time is controlled to start in late 8 months and end in middle 9 months.
Note that the illumination intensity is 118 Lx.
In the nighttime light treatment period, the continuous light time is 2 hours per night.
The supplementary lighting is divided into two time periods, namely 6: 15-7: 00 and 18: 15-18: 40 each day.
Examples
The test is carried out in a parent garden of a Hainan sugarcane breeding farm, a research institute of sugar industry of Guangzhou sugarcane in the third City of Hainan province, wherein the test area is at 18 degrees in north latitude, the altitude is 10 meters, the annual average temperature is 25.7 ℃, and the maximum monthly average temperature is 28.7 ℃; the minimum monthly average air temperature is 21.4 ℃. The annual sunshine duration is 2534 hours, and the annual rainfall is 1370 mm. The sufficient illumination period and the temperature requirement for sugarcane flowering are met, natural advantages are endowed to the production of sugarcane hybrid spica in a Hainan sugarcane breeding farm, the natural flowering condition is good, and a foundation is laid for the night illumination treatment of parents to regulate and control the flowering period.
Parent planting and management
1. Parent planting method
And (4) breeding the parent plant tubers in the seedbed in the early 1 month of 2017, and covering a mulching film on the surface of the seedbed. Removing the mulching film after the sugarcane seedlings are aligned, properly watering according to the humidity condition of the seedbed, and transplanting the sugarcane seedlings into a plastic bucket in 3 middle of the month. Taking sandy loam, thoroughly decomposed cattle manure and sand as a mixed culture medium according to the ratio of 4:1.5:1, and filling the mixed culture medium into a plastic barrel with the volume of 15L, wherein the amount of each barrel is two thirds of the volume of the plastic barrel. Selecting strong, disease and pest free and healthy 4-5 seedlings in each barrel of the same material, transplanting the seedlings into the barrels, planting the test materials in 10 barrels after each treatment, and repeating the steps for three times.
2. Parent field management
The carbofuran is applied once a month from the seedling stage, and about 30g of carbofuran is applied once per barrel to prevent underground pests such as cutworms and the like. The insecticidal pill is applied once a month, and about 4g of insecticidal pill is applied once per barrel to prevent and control stem borers. The N, P, K compound fertilizer is applied once a month, about 20g of the compound fertilizer is applied once per barrel, the urea is applied twice during the growth period of the sugarcane, and the fertilizer is stopped in the middle of 5 months. And frequently removing dead leaves, weeds and tillers, and keeping 4-5 main stems per barrel.
Night light treatment and supplemental light regulation
The experiment is arranged at the east side of an old dormitory area of a Hainan sugarcane breeding farm of Guangzhou sugarcane sugar industry research institute, night illumination treatment is carried out on 24 parents, 1 row of light sources of 100W common incandescent bulbs are respectively arranged above the experimental parents, and one light source is arranged every 2m and is provided with a lampshade. The bulb is 6.5m from the ground (adjustable so that the illumination intensity is around 118 Lx). The night illumination treatment time is from 9 and 5 days in 2017 to 9 and 20 days in 2017, 0: 00-2: 00 every day, and is 2 hours in total. The light supplementing illumination processing time is from 21 days in 9 months in 2017 to 30 days in 10 months in 2017, and the light supplementing illumination processing is carried out at 6: 15-7: 00 and 18: 15-18: 40 every day. Specifically, see the following table (light treatment setting table):
note: the off-illumination time is 0: 00-2: 00 per day, and the fixed illumination treatment is performed at 6: 15-7: 00 per day and at 18: 15-18: 40 per day for supplementary illumination.
Analysis of test results
Delayed flowering of different degrees occurs in different degrees for 10-49 days by the 22 parents through night light treatment and light supplement treatment, the expected target is achieved, and specifically, the flowering conditions of the 22 sugarcane early flowering parents are delayed by the technical method as shown in the following table:
remarking: the flowering period is expressed as a numerical value, and is represented as "0" at 31/10 th, as "1" at 1/11 th, and increases by 1 every 1 day of delay of the flowering date.
Various corresponding changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the above technical solutions and concepts, and all such changes and modifications should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for regulating delayed flowering of sugar cane by nighttime light treatment, the method comprising: night illumination treatment, supplementary illumination treatment, days of night illumination treatment, days of supplementary illumination treatment and illumination intensity control; wherein
Performing night illumination treatment, wherein illumination is performed by adopting a lamp source every morning from 0:00 to 2:00 in the middle of 8 to 9 months in the year;
supplementary lighting, namely, finishing night lighting from 9 middle ten days to 10 months;
the number of days of night illumination treatment lasts for 15-26 days;
the number of days of light supplement and illumination treatment lasts for 33-40 days;
and controlling the illumination intensity, wherein the illumination intensity is 10.5-205 Lx.
2. The method for regulating delayed blooming of sugar cane according to claim 1, wherein in the nighttime light treatment, the initial regulation time is from beginning in late 8 months to ending in mid 9 months.
3. The method for regulating delayed flowering of sugar cane by nighttime light treatment according to claim 1, wherein the light intensity is 118 Lx.
4. The method for regulating delayed flowering of sugar cane according to claim 1 wherein the nighttime light treatment period is 2 hours of continuous light overnight.
5. The method for regulating sugarcane delayed blossoming through night illumination treatment according to claim 1, wherein the supplementary illumination is divided into two time periods, namely 6: 15-7: 00 and 18: 15-18: 40 each day.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910920647.9A CN111109035A (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Method for regulating and controlling delayed flowering of sugarcane by night illumination treatment |
| AU2019101518A AU2019101518A4 (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-05 | Method for regulating and controlling delay flowering of sugarcane through night lighting treatment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910920647.9A CN111109035A (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Method for regulating and controlling delayed flowering of sugarcane by night illumination treatment |
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| CN111109035A true CN111109035A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
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| CN201910920647.9A Pending CN111109035A (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Method for regulating and controlling delayed flowering of sugarcane by night illumination treatment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113979808A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-01-28 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Sugarcane hybrid parent root promoting nutrient and root promoting method thereof |
| CN114788493A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-07-26 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for breeding sugarcane super-high-sugar germplasm by high-sugar germplasm hybridization |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103081738A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-08 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method of regulating and inducing sugar cane innovation parent to meet natural flower flowering phase |
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2019
- 2019-09-27 CN CN201910920647.9A patent/CN111109035A/en active Pending
- 2019-12-05 AU AU2019101518A patent/AU2019101518A4/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103081738A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-08 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method of regulating and inducing sugar cane innovation parent to meet natural flower flowering phase |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 张垂明等: "断夜处理不同光照强度对延迟甘蔗花期的影响 ", 《甘蔗糖业》 * |
| 张垂明等: "断夜处理夜间连续加光时间对延迟甘蔗开花的影响 ", 《甘蔗糖业》 * |
| 张垂明等: "断夜处理天数对延迟甘蔗开花的影响 ", 《甘蔗糖业》 * |
| 张垂明等: "甘蔗早花亲本断夜处理效果研究 ", 《中国农学通报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113979808A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-01-28 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Sugarcane hybrid parent root promoting nutrient and root promoting method thereof |
| CN114788493A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-07-26 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for breeding sugarcane super-high-sugar germplasm by high-sugar germplasm hybridization |
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| AU2019101518A4 (en) | 2020-01-23 |
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