CN108243863B - Method for making solanaceous vegetables complete and strong in seedlings - Google Patents
Method for making solanaceous vegetables complete and strong in seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN108243863B CN108243863B CN201810096733.8A CN201810096733A CN108243863B CN 108243863 B CN108243863 B CN 108243863B CN 201810096733 A CN201810096733 A CN 201810096733A CN 108243863 B CN108243863 B CN 108243863B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of solanaceous vegetable planting, and particularly relates to a method for seedling alignment and strengthening of solanaceous vegetables. A method for uniformly and strongly planting solanaceous vegetables comprises the following steps: (1) accelerating germination and sowing; (2) after the cotyledons are completely unfolded, spraying a seedling tray thoroughly; (3) when 2-4 true leaves of seedlings are planted, 25% propiconazole missible oil 6000-8000 times of liquid is sprayed for 1 time; (4) when 2 true leaves of the seedling are unfolded and the temperature in the greenhouse reaches over 22 ℃ at noon, opening the greenhouse film for ventilation, and after the temperature in the greenhouse is reduced to 22 ℃, putting down the greenhouse film for heat preservation; (5) after the 4 th to 7 th main leaves of the seedlings are completely unfolded, spraying 15000 times of solution of 98 percent mepiquat chloride soluble powder for 1 time; (6) when the seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, 0.8-1.0% of high-phosphate fertilizer, 72.2% of propamocarb aqua 600 times liquid and 25% of thiamethoxam 1500 times liquid are applied in a drenching way for 1 time. The method for uniformly seedling and strengthening solanaceous vegetables can effectively solve the problem of 'high seedlings' in the seedling culture of the solanaceous vegetables planted in autumn and winter in south China; the method is simple and easy to operate, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solanaceous vegetable planting, and particularly relates to a method for seedling alignment and strengthening of solanaceous vegetables.
Background
The seedling raising period of solanaceous vegetables planted in autumn and winter in south China is generally concentrated in the period from 10 months per year to 1 month in the next year, at the moment, a continuous rainy period is positive, the seedlings in a greenhouse usually cover a small arched shed, and the climate conditions of high night temperature, weak light and high humidity often cause the spindling of the seedlings, which generally show the phenomena of slender stems, long internodes, light green leaf color, undeveloped main roots, few fibrous roots and the like, so the spindling is a main problem to be solved in the seedling raising in the area, and the key for solving the spindling is to culture regular and consistent strong big seedlings by adopting technical measures. And the uniform and strong seedlings can not only ensure the survival rate during planting and reduce the operation difficulty, but also reduce the management difficulty after planting, thereby laying a foundation for high yield.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for making solanaceous fruit vegetables uniform and strong in seedlings, aiming at solving the problem of vain growth of the solanaceous fruit vegetables planted in autumn and winter in south China during seedling culture under the conditions of weak light and high humidity.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for uniformly and strongly planting solanaceous vegetables comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the seeds of solanaceous vegetables in a constant temperature box at 35 ℃ for accelerating germination, turning over and washing for 1 time every day, sowing when the germination rate reaches more than 70%, selecting full turf seedling raising soil, using 70-hole trays, pouring enough water in each hole, covering an arch membrane for moisturizing and heat preserving;
(2) after the cotyledon of the solanaceous vegetable is completely unfolded, spraying a seedling disc thoroughly with 1000 times of 72.2% propamocarb aqueous solution, 3000 times of 2.1% clove and carvacrol aqueous emulsion and 0.6% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution;
(3) when 2-4 true leaves of seedlings are planted, 25% propiconazole missible oil 6000-8000 times of liquid is sprayed for 1 time;
(4) when 2 true leaves of the seedling are unfolded and the continuous rainy period is met, the seedling needs to be unfolded 8: 00-9: 30, 16:30-18:00 night, using LED red and blue lamp with voltage of 220V and power of 50W, 5-10m2Supplementing light; when the temperature in the greenhouse reaches over 22 ℃ at noon, opening the greenhouse film for ventilation, and after the temperature in the greenhouse is reduced to 22 ℃, putting down the greenhouse film for heat preservation;
(5) when 4-5 true leaves are planted on the seedling, 0.8% -1% of high phosphate fertilizer, 72.2% of propamocarb aqueous solution 600 times and 25% of thiamethoxam 1500 times are applied in a drenching way for 1 time;
(6) when 4 th to 7 th true leaves of the seedling are planted, 98% mepiquat chloride soluble powder 15000 times of liquid is sprayed for 1 time.
Preferably, the solanaceous vegetables in the step (1) are eggplant, tomato or pepper.
Preferably, the propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate is 25% in the step (1).
Preferably, the high-phosphorus fertilizer N: P in the step (5)2O5:K2O＝10:52:10。
Preferably, the 98% mepiquat chloride wettable powder in the step (6).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method for uniformly and strongly seedling solanaceous fruit vegetables overcomes the adverse conditions of weak light and high humidity caused by continuous rainy weather during seedling culture by regulating and controlling the illumination and humidity in the seedling culture period and matching with the technical measures of spraying hormone, pesticide and fertilizer, and can effectively solve the problem of 'high seedlings' in the seedling culture of the solanaceous fruit vegetables in autumn and winter in south China.
(2) The method for aligning and strengthening the seedlings of the solanaceous vegetables is simple and easy to operate, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the scope of the examples.
Example 1:
a method for uniformly and strongly planting solanaceous vegetables comprises the following steps:
(1) putting pepper seeds (the variety is a linear pepper variety-Guijiao No. 10 bred by Guangxi agricultural academy of sciences) into an incubator at 35 ℃ for accelerating germination in 2015, turning over and washing for 1 time every day, sowing when the germination rate reaches more than 70%, sowing in a 70-hole whole grass carbon seedling tray in 28 days in 10 months, pouring enough water, covering a film for heat preservation and moisture preservation, sowing 10 trays in total, and repeating for three times;
(2) after the seedling tray enters 11 months, continuous rainy weather occurs in the nanning, cotyledons are unfolded after 2 days in 11 months, and then the seedling tray is thoroughly drenched by using 1000 times of 72.2 percent propamocarb aqueous solution, 3000 times of 2.1 percent clove-carvacrol aqueous emulsion and 0.6 percent potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution;
(3) after 4 true leaves of the seedlings are completely unfolded in 11 and 19 days, spraying 7000 times of liquid of 25% propiconazole missible oil;
(4) spraying 0.8% high-phosphorus fertilizer (N: P) when 5 true leaves of seedling are planted2O5:K2O10: 52:10), 72.2% propamocarb aqueous solution 600 times and 25% thiamethoxam 1500 times;
(5) spraying 15000 times of solution of 98% mepiquat chloride wettable powder after 6 th true leaves of seedlings are unfolded in 12 months and 11 days;
(5) in the short illumination period from 13 days at 11 months to 20 days at 12 months, the early time is 8: 00-9: and (5) supplementing light at the night of 16:30-18:00 with a blue-violet LED lamp at proper time. And (3) opening the greenhouse film to ventilate when the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 22 ℃ at noon during seedling raising, and putting down the greenhouse film to preserve heat after the temperature in the greenhouse is reduced to 22 ℃.
When 8-10 true leaves can be planted in the seedling in 22 days of 12 months, the height of the seedling is 15.5-17.2cm, and the stem thickness is 2.2-2.5 mm. The seedlings are neat and consistent, the internodes are short, the stems are thick and strong, the main roots are thick, the fibrous roots are many, and the roots completely wrap the matrix.
Control 1: the method is carried out according to the conventional management, 10 dishes are sown in total, and the sowing is repeated for three times. When 4 true leaves of seedlings are planted, 25% thiamethoxam 5000-fold liquid is only sprayed for 1 time, water is sprayed twice in the seedling stage, propiconazole and mepiquat chloride are not sprayed in the seedling stage, and meanwhile, light supplement measures are not adopted.
When 8-10 true leaves of the seedlings can be planted in 19 days 12 and 12 months 2015, the height of the seedlings is 18.4-21.8cm, and the stem thickness is 1.8-2.2 mm. The seedlings are thin and small, the internodes are slender, the fibrous roots are few, and the seedlings generally grow in vain.
TABLE 1 Effect investigation of the method for the present invention for the uniform and strong seedling of solanaceous vegetables
As can be seen from table 1, in example 1, compared to control 1, the pepper seedlings had shorter seedling height, thicker stems, regular and consistent seedlings, short internodes, thick stems, thick main roots, more fibrous roots, and completely wrapped by the root system.
Example 2:
a method for uniformly and strongly planting solanaceous vegetables comprises the following steps:
(1) eggplant seeds (the variety is Guangzhou big agriculture and horticulture Co., Ltd. -Jinding) are put into a 35 ℃ incubator for germination acceleration in 10 months and 15 days in 2014, the culture box is turned over and washed for 1 time every day, the seeds are sowed when the germination rate reaches more than 70 percent, the seeds are sowed in a 70-hole whole grass charcoal seedling tray in 19 days in 10 months, after sufficient water is sprayed, a cover is covered for film heat preservation and moisture preservation, the sowing is carried out for 10 trays in total, and the three times are repeated;
(2) the county continues cloudy or rainy days throughout the period of seedling raising. Spreading leaves in 23 days after 10 months, namely, thoroughly leaching the leaves by using 1000 times of 72.2 percent propamocarb aqueous solution, 3000 times of 2.1 percent clove-carvacrol solution and 0.6 percent potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution;
(3) the 2 nd true leaf of the seedling is completely unfolded in 5 days in 11 months, and 25% of propiconazole missible oil 6000 times liquid and 4% of kasugamycin aqueous solution 1000 times liquid are sprayed;
(4) spraying 0.8% high-phosphorus fertilizer (N: P) when 4 true leaves of seedling are planted2O5:K2O10: 52:10), 72.2% propamocarb aqueous solution 600 times and 25% thiamethoxam 1500 times;
(5) after the 4 th true leaf of the seedling is unfolded in 11 months and 10 days, spraying 15000 times of solution of 98% mepiquat chloride soluble powder;
(6) in the sunlight period from 2 days at 11 months to 1 day at 12 months, the day is 8: 00-9: and 30, supplementing light by using a blue-violet LED lamp at 16:30-18:30 night. And (3) opening the greenhouse film to ventilate when the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 22 ℃ at noon during seedling raising, and putting down the greenhouse film to preserve heat after the temperature in the greenhouse is reduced to 22 ℃.
When 5 true leaves of the seedling can be planted in 3 days in 12 months and 12, the height of the seedling is 12.2-14.6cm, and the stem thickness is 2.7-3.4 mm. The seedlings are neat and consistent, the leaf color is green, the internodes are short, the stems are thick and strong, the main roots are thick, the fibrous roots are many, and the roots completely wrap the matrix.
Control 2: sowing is carried out according to conventional management, sowing and pregermination are carried out at the same time, 10 trays are sown in total, and the sowing is repeated for three times. After the seedling cotyledons are unfolded, spraying 1000 times of 72.2% propamocarb aqua once, spraying 5000 times of 25% thiamethoxam aqua and 1000 times of 4% kasugamycin aqua once when 4 true leaves of the seedlings are developed, and spraying propiconazole and mepiquat chloride during the spraying period without adopting a light supplement measure.
When 5 true leaves of seedlings can be planted in 29 days 11 and 11 months 2014, the height of the seedlings is 16.0-19.5cm, and the stem thickness is 1.9-2.8 mm. The seedlings are thin and small, the leaves are yellow green, internodes are slender, fibrous roots are few, and the phenomenon of excessive growth of the seedlings is serious.
TABLE 2 Effect investigation of the method for the present invention for the purpose of making seedlings of solanaceous vegetables uniform and strong
As can be seen from table 2, in example 2, the eggplant seedlings had significantly shorter seedling heights, stout stems, uniform seedlings, green leaf colors, short internodes, stout stems, thick main roots, many fibrous roots, and roots completely wrapped the substrate, as compared with control 2.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. A method for uniformly and strongly seedling solanaceous vegetables is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) placing the seeds of solanaceous vegetables in a constant temperature box at 35 ℃ for accelerating germination, turning over and washing for 1 time every day, sowing when the germination rate reaches more than 70%, selecting full turf seedling raising soil, using 70-hole trays, pouring enough water in each hole, covering an arch membrane for moisturizing and heat preserving;
(2) after the cotyledon of the solanaceous vegetable is completely unfolded, spraying a seedling disc thoroughly with 1000 times of 72.2% propamocarb aqueous solution, 3000 times of 2.1% clove and carvacrol aqueous emulsion and 0.6% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution;
(3) when 2-4 true leaves of seedlings are planted, 25% propiconazole missible oil 6000-8000 times of liquid is sprayed for 1 time;
(4) when 2 true leaves of the seedling are unfolded and the continuous rainy period is met, the seedling needs to be unfolded 8: 00-9: 30, 16:30-18:00 night, using LED red and blue lamp with voltage of 220V and power of 50W, 5-10m2Supplementing light; when the temperature in the greenhouse reaches over 22 ℃ at noon, opening the greenhouse film for ventilation, and after the temperature in the greenhouse is reduced to 22 ℃, putting down the greenhouse film for heat preservation;
(5) when 4-5 true leaves are planted on the seedling, 0.8-1% of high phosphate fertilizer, 72.2% of propamocarb aqueous solution 600 times and 25% of thiamethoxam 1500 times are applied in a drenching way for 1 time;
(6) spraying 15000 times of solution of 98% mepiquat chloride soluble powder for 1 time when 4 th to 7 th true leaves of the seedling are planted;
the solanaceous vegetables are eggplant, tomato or hot pepper;
the high-phosphorus fertilizer is N: P2O5:K2O＝10:52:10。
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| CN108243863B true CN108243863B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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| CN109328905A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 贵州品红农业开发有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of pepper seedling |
| CN112655487B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-11-22 | 华南农业大学 | Seedling growing method suitable for mechanized transplanting of leaf vegetables |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104584826A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-05-06 | 宋鸟生 | Method for controlling diseases and pests of pepper |
| CN104996230A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-28 | 李佩龙 | Control method for tomato leaf mildew |
| CN106508366A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-22 | 苏州漕湖农发生物农业有限公司 | Method for cultivating tomato trees |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104584826A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-05-06 | 宋鸟生 | Method for controlling diseases and pests of pepper |
| CN104996230A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-28 | 李佩龙 | Control method for tomato leaf mildew |
| CN106508366A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-22 | 苏州漕湖农发生物农业有限公司 | Method for cultivating tomato trees |
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