CN104996230A - Control method for tomato leaf mildew - Google Patents
Control method for tomato leaf mildew Download PDFInfo
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- CN104996230A CN104996230A CN201510386481.9A CN201510386481A CN104996230A CN 104996230 A CN104996230 A CN 104996230A CN 201510386481 A CN201510386481 A CN 201510386481A CN 104996230 A CN104996230 A CN 104996230A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The present invention relates to a control method for tomato leaf mildew. The control method comprises the following steps of: 1) carrying out ecological management: (1) composting an applied organic fertilizer, and additionally applying a potassium fertilizer by adopting a formula fertilizer application technology so as to improve the disease resistance of plants; (2) applying an HYT microorganism fertilizer to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, improve the absorption capability of a tomato root system and enhance a disease resisting capability; 2) carrying out agricultural control; 4) carrying out biological control; 5) carrying out physical control; and (6) carrying out chemical control: spraying a 450-550-fold solution of 58% metalaxyl.mancozeb wettable powder and spraying a 550-650-fold solution of 72.2% propamocarb hydrochloride aqueous solution; and carrying out control every 7-10 days, lasting for 2-3 times. With the adoption of the control method, the tomato leaf mildew can be effectively prevented; and meanwhile, measures including the agricultural control, the physical control and the like are taken to carry out comprehensive control, thereby reducing the average morbidity of the tomato leaf mildew, increasing the yield, remarkably improving the grade of tomatoes and obtaining good economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prevention and controls of cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, belong to plant protection technology field.
Background technology
Cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato is on the leaf of tomato, stem, flower, fruit, the symptom that capital occurs, but be commonly occur on blade, at vacuum side of blade, initial stage occurs that some move back green statin, later stage becomes the mould layer of irregular shape of grey or black purple, face of blade moves back green flavescence at corresponding position, and time serious, withered crispaturaing often appears in blade.From morbidity order, often from plant bottom to vertical spread, temperature from 9 DEG C to 34 DEG C, cause of disease can be grown, and the optimum temperature of growth is 20 ~ 25 DEG C.In optimum temperature and humidity comparatively large (relative moisture is more than 80%) time, only need within 10 days, just can generally fall ill to first quarter moon.
Main harm blade, also endangers stem, flower and fruit time serious, blade fall ill, the initial stage face of blade there is the unconspicuous spot in yellow green, edge, there is the mould layer of canescence in leaf back, rear mould layer becomes light brown to dark brown; During high humidity, blade surface scab also can grow mould layer.Disease is often first fallen ill by lower blade, and gradually to vertical spread, when falling ill serious, mould layer is covered with blade back, leaf rolling, and whole strain blade is that yellowish-brown dries up.Tender stem also can produce similar scab with on carpopodium, and floral organ morbidity easily comes off.Fruit is fallen ill, near base of fruit or.
This disease is caused by Fulvia fulva Fulvia fulva (Cooke) Cif. of fungi Deuteromycotina infects.Germ mainly survives the winter in the residual body of diseased plant with mycelium or mycelia block, also can be attached to seed or survive the winter at kind of an intracutaneous with mycelium by conidium.When next year, environmental condition was suitable for, produce conidium, propagate by means of air-flow, invade from the pore of blade back, also can invade from the part such as sepal, bennet, and enter ovary, hide on seed coat.
Germ happiness high temperature, high humidity environment, morbidity optimum climate condition is temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C, relative moisture more than 95%.It is 3 ~ July of spring and 9 ~ November of autumn that Zhejiang and In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River principal pathogenetic contain the phase.The susceptible breeding time of tomato is the phase of yielding positive results.
The too closing of continuous cropping for many years, impeded drainage, improper ventilation, field, the field that air humidity is large are fallen ill heavier.Between year rainy, the continuous wet weather of low temperature in early spring or the rainy time morbidity of plum rains heavy.Late fall in autumn temperature drift, the morbidity of rainy time is heavy
Cause of disease is Fulvia fulva (Cooke) Cif., and belong to Deuteromycotina Fulvia fulva and belong to, different name is yellow cladosporium Cladosporium fulvumCooke.Conidiophore bunchy stretches out from pore, slightly branch, first colourless, and afterwards in brown, have 1 ~ 10 barrier film, most cells top is amesiality expands.It produces conidium, and conidiogenous cell simple bud is raw or polygerm is raw, and sympodium formula extends.Conidium is concatenated, the usual branch of spore chain, and conidium is cylindrical or oval, first colourless, monospore, after become brown, centre grows a barrier film, and form 2 cells, conidium size is 14 ~ 38umx5 ~ 9um.
Germ survives the winter in invalid body with mycelium or mycelia block, also can be attached to the surface of the seed or mycelia and hide in seed coat and survive the winter by conidium.When next year, condition was suitable for, the mycelium of surviving the winter from invalid body produces conidium, propagates cause First aggression with air-flow, in addition, sows the seed carried disease germs and also can cause First aggression.This disease has and repeatedly infects again, and after germ sprouts, invades from the pore of host's leaf back, mycelia spreads at iuntercellular, and produces haustorium and stretch in cell and absorb water and nutrient, formation scab.When environmental condition is suitable for, scab produces again a large amount of conidium, carry out constantly infecting again.Germ also can invade from the pore of sepal, bennet, and can enter ovary, hides on seed coat.
The Differentiation of Pathogenicity of Fulvia fulva is the most numerous and diverse, also the most complicated, there is many biological strains.This brings very large difficulty to the use of breeding for disease resistance and disease-resistant variety.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of prevention and controls of cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, the prevention and controls solving existing cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato is single, can not effectively preventing cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato generation and spread.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A prevention and controls for cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) fertilizer used is become thoroughly decomposed, adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, Potassium, improve plant premunition;
(2) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, promote the absorbing capacity of Tomato Root System, strengthen the resistivity to disease;
2) cultural control:
(1) select disease-resistant variety, maintain strict control over nursery pass;
(2) efficent rotation: carry out crop rotation in more than 3 years with non-solanaceous crops, to reduce bacterium source radix in soil;
(3) strengthen the management of canopy room: ventilate in time, suitably control to water, wet down of ventilating in time after watering;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control weeds in field and number of pest, reduce pathogen communication media;
4) biological control:
By 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 280-320 times liquid spray application, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3-4 time;
5) physical control:
(1) can fumigate greenhouse or booth before field planting, every 100 ㎡ sulphur 0.25kg, sawdust 0.5kg, dying fire lights latter stifling 24 hours;
(2) the vexed canopy of high temperature: select the fine day noon, take 30-36 DEG C of high temperature treatment 1.5-2.5 hour, then aeration-cooling in time, there is good control action to pathogen;
6) chemical control:
Premorbid or their early stage, the 450-550 times of liquid spraying of 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and coordinate and spray 72.2% propamocarb aqua 550-650 times of liquid and use, prevented and treated every 7-10 days, use 2-3 time continuously, the laxative time is wanted early, laxative is wanted evenly, when leaf mold and mixed of leaf spot, notes blade back spray medicine, every spray in 7-10 days once, spray 3 times are connected.
As preferred technical scheme, described 1) becoming thoroughly decomposed in ecological management is that the fertilizer HM decomposing agent to using fully becomes thoroughly decomposed.
As preferred technical scheme, described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A 150-200ml and HYT-B 250-350ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C 80-120g, place 1 day again, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root.
As preferred technical scheme, described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 15L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
As preferred technical scheme, described 2) in cultural control, crop rotation is specially the rotation system carrying out 3-5.
As preferred technical scheme, described 4) in biological control, polyoxin aqueous solution is Ke Sheng-polyoxin.
It is the tomato special bio bacterial manure that Beijing Di Fulai development in science and technology Co., Ltd produces that ground good fortune in the present invention carrys out microorganism fertilizer.Ground good fortune come microorganism fertilizer can decompose and remove do nitrite in object, hydrogen sulphide and agricultural chemicals remain, the heavy metals such as absorption and degraded chromium, nickel, lead, tin, cobalt, bioactie agent C, G, F contained by it, can participate in crop Inner eycle, repairs rapidly damaged cell safer by food; Can improve soil physical and chemical property, make organic and humic acid content lifting, granular structure is formed soon, ventilation good water-retaining property, and crops well developed root system, fibrous root length, Bai Genduo, activity by force, improve soil nutrient absorbing capacity; Ground good fortune is come can activating soil rhizospheric microorganism, large, the middle and trace element of release soil solidification, high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing, for tomato provides full nutrition, and short root strong sprout; Improve the photosynthesis of tomato and disease-resistant, anti-adversity ability, have good preventive effect to cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato.Ground good fortune is come in nursery stage stratification strong sprout; The transplanting initial stage takes root, and improves premunition; Activating soil rhizospheric microorganism.
Adopt ground good fortune carry out the biological bacterium colony that microorganism fertilizer effectively can improve soil structure and soil, effectively can prevent the morbidity of cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, potash fertilizer, good fortune carry out the composite use of microorganism fertilizer and effectively can improve the seed output and quality of tomato.
Mostly fertile benefit in the present invention is a kind of bio-bacterial manure, develops according to rhizosphere soil microecology principle, plant nutrition physiological principle and the basic conception in modern times " organic farming ".Comprise HYT-A, HYT-B and HYT-C tri-kinds.
The soil azotobacter that HYT-A is nontoxic by 18 kinds, no pathogenicity is highly active form, the probiotics of Various Functions is prepared into microbial inoculum, after activated expansion is numerous, be applicable to each vegetative period of multiple soil environment and crop, root directly to crops provides important nutrient as nitrogen, potassium and basic inorganic mineral nutrition.Special efficacy: one is that to make fertilizer efficiency rate high, balanced nutrients, stablely improves utilization rate of fertilizer and soil fertility, and the lasting period can reach more than 4 months.Two is optimize soil ecology structure, administer harden, pollute, acidifying and salinization soil Be very effective.Three is to formation biological control and soil-borne disease mechanism, anti-dead, anti-continuous cropping effect gives prominence to.Four is automatic regulating crop growth, growth-promoting root, strong sprout, raising tomato yield and quality.
HYT-B is from biological hydrolysis marine organisms thing cephalothorax crust, the later stage dissolution process of liquid by fermentation.Special efficacy: be rich in 19 kinds of L-amino acid, mineral matter and natural polymerses, can directly for microorganism and plant growth provide nutrition.There is the booster action preventing and treating soil-borne disease.Crops well developed root system can be promoted fast, strengthen leaf photosynthesis and crop disease-resistant, anti-adversity ability; Strong sprout, healthy tree, increase yield, oil recovery enhancement.
HYT-C is rich in high-purity, high-load chitin and chitinase induced activity thing.Special efficacy: for HYT-A edaphon bacterium itself and crops provide nutrition; Can activate, inducing plant and microorganism biological generate biology enzyme, the disease-resistant factor such as organic acid, alkaloid in a large number; Meanwhile, can promote that beneficial bacterium flood tide expands fast numerous, can plant growth be stimulated again.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention adopts ecological management, cultural control, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, biological control, physical control and Chemical control methods, significantly reduces the cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato incidence of disease, respond well, improves the seed output and quality of tomato.
The present invention adopts the means of preventing in advance, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, and biological control adopts by 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 280-320 times liquid spray application, and spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3-4 time, chemical control adopts premorbid or their early stage, the 450-550 times of liquid spraying of 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and coordinate and spray 72.2% propamocarb aqua 550-650 times of liquid and use, prevented and treated every 7-10 days, continuous use 2-3 time, the laxative time is wanted early, laxative is wanted evenly, when leaf mold and mixed of leaf spot, note blade back spray medicine, every spray in 7-10 days once, connect spray 3 times, effectively can prevent cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, adopt cultural control simultaneously, integrated control is carried out in the measures such as physical control makes cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato average attack rate reduce, output increases, significantly improve tomato grade, obtain good economic benefit.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, a kind of prevention and controls of cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, comprises the following steps: 1) ecological management: (1) becomes thoroughly decomposed to the fertilizer used, and adopts rational application of fertilizers technology, Potassium, improves plant premunition; (2) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, promote the absorbing capacity of Tomato Root System, strengthen the resistivity to disease; 2) cultural control: (1) selects disease-resistant variety, maintains strict control over nursery pass; (2) efficent rotation: carry out crop rotation in more than 3 years with non-solanaceous crops, to reduce bacterium source radix in soil; (3) strengthen the management of canopy room: ventilate in time, suitably control to water, wet down of ventilating in time after watering; 3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL: control weeds in field and number of pest, reduces pathogen communication media; 4) biological control: by 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 280-320 times liquid spray application, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3-4 time; 5) physical control: greenhouse or booth can be fumigated before (1) field planting, every 100 ㎡ sulphur 0.25kg, sawdust 0.5kg, dying fire lights latter stifling 24 hours; (2) the vexed canopy of high temperature: select the fine day noon, take 30-36 DEG C of high temperature treatment 1.5-2.5 hour, then aeration-cooling in time, there is good control action to pathogen; 6) chemical control: premorbid or their early stage, the 450-550 times of liquid spraying of 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and coordinate and spray 72.2% propamocarb aqua 550-650 times of liquid and use, prevented and treated every 7-10 days, use 2-3 time continuously, the laxative time is wanted early, laxative is wanted evenly, when leaf mold and mixed of leaf spot, notes blade back spray medicine, every spray in 7-10 days once, spray 3 times are connected; Effectively can prevent cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, adopt the measure such as cultural control, physical control to carry out integrated control simultaneously and cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato average attack rate is reduced, output increases, and significantly improves tomato grade, obtains good economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention, be clearly and completely described technical scheme of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
A prevention and controls for cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) fertilizer used is become thoroughly decomposed, adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, Potassium, improve plant premunition;
(2) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, promote the absorbing capacity of Tomato Root System, strengthen the resistivity to disease;
2) cultural control:
(1) select disease-resistant variety, maintain strict control over nursery pass;
(2) efficent rotation: carry out crop rotation in more than 3 years with non-solanaceous crops, to reduce bacterium source radix in soil;
(3) strengthen the management of canopy room: ventilate in time, suitably control to water, wet down of ventilating in time after watering;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control weeds in field and number of pest, reduce pathogen communication media;
4) biological control:
By 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 280-320 times liquid spray application, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3-4 time;
5) physical control:
(1) can fumigate greenhouse or booth before field planting, every 100 ㎡ sulphur 0.25kg, sawdust 0.5kg, dying fire lights latter stifling 24 hours;
(2) the vexed canopy of high temperature: select the fine day noon, take 30-36 DEG C of high temperature treatment 1.5-2.5 hour, then aeration-cooling in time, there is good control action to pathogen;
6) chemical control:
Premorbid or their early stage, the 450-550 times of liquid spraying of 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and coordinate and spray 72.2% propamocarb aqua 550-650 times of liquid and use, prevented and treated every 7-10 days, use 2-3 time continuously, the laxative time is wanted early, laxative is wanted evenly, when leaf mold and mixed of leaf spot, notes blade back spray medicine, every spray in 7-10 days once, spray 3 times are connected.
Described 1) becoming thoroughly decomposed in ecological management is fully become thoroughly decomposed to the fertilizer HM decomposing agent used.
Described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A150-200ml and HYT-B 250-350ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C80-120g, then place 1 day, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root.
Described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 15L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
Described 2) in cultural control, crop rotation is specially the rotation system carrying out 3-5.
Described 4) in biological control, polyoxin aqueous solution is Ke Sheng-polyoxin.
Comparative example
A prevention and controls for cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, comprises the following steps:
1) efficent rotation: carry out crop rotation in more than 3 years with non-solanaceous crops, to reduce bacterium source radix in soil;
2), seed disinfection, the vexed canopy of high temperature, the management of reinforcement canopy room: ventilate in time, suitably control to water, implement rational application of fertilizers, avoid nitrogenous fertilizer too much, suitably increase phosphorus, potash fertilizer;
3) select disease-resistant variety, maintain strict control over nursery pass;
4) premorbid or their early stage, the 450-550 times of liquid spraying of 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and coordinate and spray 72.2% propamocarb aqua 550-650 times of liquid and use, prevented and treated every 7-10 days, use 2-3 time continuously, the laxative time is wanted early, laxative is wanted evenly, when leaf mold and mixed of leaf spot, notes blade back spray medicine, every spray in 7-10 days once, spray 3 times are connected.
Embodiment 1
A prevention and controls for cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) fertilizer used is become thoroughly decomposed, adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, Potassium, improve plant premunition;
(2) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, promote the absorbing capacity of Tomato Root System, strengthen the resistivity to disease;
2) cultural control:
(1) select disease-resistant variety, maintain strict control over nursery pass;
(2) efficent rotation: carry out crop rotation in 3 years with non-solanaceous crops, to reduce bacterium source radix in soil;
(3) strengthen the management of canopy room: ventilate in time, suitably control to water, wet down of ventilating in time after watering;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control weeds in field and number of pest, reduce pathogen communication media;
4) biological control:
By 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 280-320 times liquid spray application, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 4 times;
5) physical control:
(1) can fumigate greenhouse or booth before field planting, every 100 ㎡ sulphur 0.25kg, sawdust 0.5kg, dying fire lights latter stifling 24 hours;
(2) the vexed canopy of high temperature: select the fine day noon, take 30 DEG C of high temperature treatment 2.5 hours, then aeration-cooling in time, there is good control action to pathogen;
6) chemical control:
Premorbid or their early stage, the 450 times of liquid sprayings of 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and coordinate and spray 72.2% propamocarb aqua, 550 times of liquid and use, prevented and treated every 7 days, use 3 times continuously, the laxative time is wanted early, laxative is wanted evenly, when leaf mold and mixed of leaf spot, notes blade back spray medicine, every spray in 7 days once, spray 3 times are connected.
Described 1) becoming thoroughly decomposed in ecological management is fully become thoroughly decomposed to the fertilizer HM decomposing agent used.
Described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A150ml and HYT-B 250ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C 80g, then place 1 day, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root.
Described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 15L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
Described 4) in biological control, polyoxin aqueous solution is Ke Sheng-polyoxin.
Adopt the cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato incidence of disease of the present embodiment prevention and controls to reduce more than 70% than the prevention and controls of comparative example, tomato quality is better than comparative example, and output improves more than 30% than comparative example.
Embodiment 2
A prevention and controls for cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) fertilizer used is become thoroughly decomposed, adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, Potassium, improve plant premunition;
(2) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, promote the absorbing capacity of Tomato Root System, strengthen the resistivity to disease;
2) cultural control:
(1) select disease-resistant variety, maintain strict control over nursery pass;
(2) efficent rotation: carry out crop rotation in 4 years with non-solanaceous crops, to reduce bacterium source radix in soil;
(3) strengthen the management of canopy room: ventilate in time, suitably control to water, wet down of ventilating in time after watering;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control weeds in field and number of pest, reduce pathogen communication media;
4) biological control:
By 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution, 300 times of liquid spray application, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 4 times;
5) physical control:
(1) can fumigate greenhouse or booth before field planting, every 100 ㎡ sulphur 0.25kg, sawdust 0.5kg, dying fire lights latter stifling 24 hours;
(2) the vexed canopy of high temperature: select the fine day noon, take 33 DEG C of high temperature treatment 2 hours, then aeration-cooling in time, there is good control action to pathogen;
6) chemical control:
Premorbid or their early stage, the 500 times of liquid sprayings of 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and coordinate and spray 72.2% propamocarb aqua, 500 times of liquid and use, prevented and treated every 8 days, use 3 times continuously, the laxative time is wanted early, laxative is wanted evenly, when leaf mold and mixed of leaf spot, notes blade back spray medicine, every spray in 8 days once, spray 3 times are connected.
Described 1) becoming thoroughly decomposed in ecological management is fully become thoroughly decomposed to the fertilizer HM decomposing agent used.
Described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A180ml and HYT-B 300ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C 100g, then place 1 day, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root.
Described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 15L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
Described 4) in biological control, polyoxin aqueous solution is Ke Sheng-polyoxin.
Adopt the cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato incidence of disease of the present embodiment prevention and controls to reduce more than 70% than the prevention and controls of comparative example, tomato quality is better than comparative example, and output improves more than 30% than comparative example.
Embodiment 3
A prevention and controls for cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) fertilizer used is become thoroughly decomposed, adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, Potassium, improve plant premunition;
(2) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, promote the absorbing capacity of Tomato Root System, strengthen the resistivity to disease;
2) cultural control:
(1) select disease-resistant variety, maintain strict control over nursery pass;
(2) efficent rotation: carry out crop rotation in 5 years with non-solanaceous crops, to reduce bacterium source radix in soil;
(3) strengthen the management of canopy room: ventilate in time, suitably control to water, wet down of ventilating in time after watering;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control weeds in field and number of pest, reduce pathogen communication media;
4) biological control:
By 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution, 320 times of liquid spray application, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3 times;
5) physical control:
(1) can fumigate greenhouse or booth before field planting, every 100 ㎡ sulphur 0.25kg, sawdust 0.5kg, dying fire lights latter stifling 24 hours;
(2) the vexed canopy of high temperature: select the fine day noon, take 36 DEG C of high temperature treatment 1.5 hours, then aeration-cooling in time, there is good control action to pathogen;
6) chemical control:
Premorbid or their early stage, the 550 times of liquid sprayings of 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and coordinate and spray 72.2% propamocarb aqua, 650 times of liquid and use, prevented and treated every 10 days, use 2 times continuously, the laxative time is wanted early, laxative is wanted evenly, when leaf mold and mixed of leaf spot, notes blade back spray medicine, every spray in 10 days once, spray 3 times are connected.
Described 1) becoming thoroughly decomposed in ecological management is fully become thoroughly decomposed to the fertilizer HM decomposing agent used.
Described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A200ml and HYT-B 350ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C 120g, then place 1 day, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root.
Described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 15L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
Described 2) in cultural control, crop rotation is specially the implementation rotation system of 5 years.
Described 4) in biological control, polyoxin aqueous solution is Ke Sheng-polyoxin.
Adopt the cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato incidence of disease of the present embodiment prevention and controls to reduce more than 75% than the prevention and controls of comparative example, tomato quality is better than comparative example, and output improves more than 35% than comparative example.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a prevention and controls for cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) fertilizer used is become thoroughly decomposed, adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, Potassium, improve plant premunition;
(2) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, promote the absorbing capacity of Tomato Root System, strengthen the resistivity to disease;
2) cultural control:
(1) select disease-resistant variety, maintain strict control over nursery pass;
(2) efficent rotation: carry out crop rotation in more than 3 years with non-solanaceous crops, to reduce bacterium source radix in soil;
(3) strengthen the management of canopy room: ventilate in time, suitably control to water, wet down of ventilating in time after watering;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control weeds in field and number of pest, reduce pathogen communication media;
4) biological control:
By 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 280-320 times liquid spray application, spray in 7 days 1 time, connects spray 3-4 time;
5) physical control:
(1) greenhouse or booth can be fumigated before field planting, every 100m
2use sulphur 0.25kg, sawdust 0.5kg, dying fire lights latter stifling 24 hours;
(2) the vexed canopy of high temperature: select the fine day noon, take 30-36 DEG C of high temperature treatment 1.5-2.5 hour, then aeration-cooling in time, there is good control action to pathogen;
6) chemical control:
Premorbid or their early stage, the 450-550 times of liquid spraying of 58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder, and coordinate and spray 72.2% propamocarb aqua 550-650 times of liquid and use, prevented and treated every 7-10 days, use 2-3 time continuously, the laxative time is wanted early, laxative is wanted evenly, when leaf mold and mixed of leaf spot, notes blade back spray medicine, every spray in 7-10 days once, spray 3 times are connected.
2. the prevention and controls of cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: becoming thoroughly decomposed described 1) in ecological management is fully become thoroughly decomposed to the fertilizer HM decomposing agent used.
3. the prevention and controls of cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the how concrete using method of fertile benefit described 1) in ecological management for add HYT-A 150-200ml and HYT-B 250-350ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C 80-120g, place 1 day again, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root.
4. the prevention and controls of cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 15L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
5. the prevention and controls of cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described 2) in cultural control, crop rotation is specially the rotation system carrying out 3-5.
6. the prevention and controls of cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described 4) in biological control, polyoxin aqueous solution is Ke Sheng-polyoxin.
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| CN201510386481.9A CN104996230A (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | Control method for tomato leaf mildew |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108076990A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-05-29 | 义红秀 | A kind of control method of leaf muld of tomato |
| CN108243863A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-06 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of method of the neat robust seedling seedling of solanaceous vegetables |
| CN109769539A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-21 | 珠海市润农科技有限公司 | Utilize the method for photosynthetic film prevention control tomato in plastic greenhouse trialeurodes vaporariorum high in fat |
-
2015
- 2015-06-30 CN CN201510386481.9A patent/CN104996230A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王华弟: "《玉米矮缩病流行学及综合防治》", 31 July 2014 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108076990A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-05-29 | 义红秀 | A kind of control method of leaf muld of tomato |
| CN108243863A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-06 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of method of the neat robust seedling seedling of solanaceous vegetables |
| CN108243863B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-08-11 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for making solanaceous vegetables complete and strong in seedlings |
| CN109769539A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-21 | 珠海市润农科技有限公司 | Utilize the method for photosynthetic film prevention control tomato in plastic greenhouse trialeurodes vaporariorum high in fat |
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