CN105010009A - Prevention and treatment method for rice blast - Google Patents
Prevention and treatment method for rice blast Download PDFInfo
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- CN105010009A CN105010009A CN201510372027.8A CN201510372027A CN105010009A CN 105010009 A CN105010009 A CN 105010009A CN 201510372027 A CN201510372027 A CN 201510372027A CN 105010009 A CN105010009 A CN 105010009A
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- rice
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- control
- good fortune
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Abstract
The invention relates to a prevention and treatment method for rice blast, comprising following steps: 1. ecological treatment: applying microbial fertilizer of High Yield Technology or Difulai to improve soil physical and chemical properties, to increase soil fertility and to improve rice root absorbing ability; 2. agricultural prevention and treatment; 3. biological control; 4. biological prevention and treatment; 5. physical prevention and treatment; 6. chemical prevention and treatment: performing foliage spray by use of 58% metalaxyl-mancozeb wettable powder 500 times solution or 80% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times solution, in combination with 70% propineb wettable powder 500 times solution. Rice blast can be effectively prevented. By use of integrated prevention and treatment including agricultural and physical prevention and treatment, the average rice blast morbidity is reduced, rice production and grade are increased and economic benefit is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prevention and controls of rice blast, belong to plant protection technology field.
Background technology
Rice blast is one of important disease of paddy rice, can cause the significantly underproduction, and the underproduction 40% ~ 50% time serious, even No kernels or seeds are gathered, as in a year of scarcity.Ge Dao district of the world evenly occurs.This disease all has generation in various places, wherein occurs as many with leaf portion, joint portion, can cause the underproduction in various degree after generation, and especially panicle blast or joint pest occur early and weigh, and can cause dead ears so that total crop failure.In recent years, rice blast year occurring area in Guangdong is no less than 500,000 mu, and occurs increasing trend year by year, and local great outburst is much, and at present, rice blast may occur in any days in province territory, any season.All there is generation in each paddy rice producing region of China.Popular time-as the underproduction 10%-20%, the underproduction 40%-50% time serious, even No kernels or seeds are gathered, as in a year of scarcity.Mainly to cause harm blade, stem stalk, fringe portion.Seedling pest, leaf pest, joint pest, panicle blast, grain pest are divided into according to period of causing harm, position difference.Germ mainly survives the winter on straw and paddy with conidium and mycelium.Producing conidium next year borrows wind and rain to propagate in rice strain, sprouts and invades people host to adjacent cells expansion morbidity, form primary infection focus.The conidium that disease portion is formed, propagates by means of wind and rain, then infects.Sowing infected seed can cause seedling pest.Mycelial growth temperature limit 8-37 DEG C, optimum temperature 26-28 DEG C.Sporulation temperature limit 10-35 DEG C, the suitableeest with 25-28 DEG C, relative moisture more than 90%.Spore germination need have water exist and continue 6-8 hours.Thermophilic high humidity, is conducive to morbidity under rainy, mist, dew existence condition.Preference temperature could form appresorium and produce and invade silk, penetrates rice strain epidermis, spreads derive nutrients at iuntercellular.A run of wet weather, sunshine is not enough or time fine time rain, or sooner or later have cloud and mist or condensation condition, state of an illness expansion is rapidly.With-kind is also different at different growing Resistant expression, and rice shoot 4 leaf phase, tillering stage and heading stage are easily susceptible, and the morbidity of circle stalk phase is light, and same-organ or tissue is organizing young tender phase morbidity heavy.The fringe phase is weak with disease resistance during beginning fringe.Discharging water early or for a long time, deep irrigation root system development is poor, and the weak morbidity of premunition is heavy.Illumination is not enough, and field humidity is large, favourable conidial formation, sprouting and intrusion.The large dew of mountainous fog is heavy, and illumination is not enough, and the occurring and damage of rice blast is more serious than Plain.Partially execute slow nitrogen fertilizer application, irrational irrigation of paddy fields, all reduce paddy disease-resistant ability.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of prevention and controls of rice blast.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A prevention and controls for rice blast, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, increase soil fertility, strengthen the absorbing capacity of rice root;
(2) high-land should be selected in rice seedling bed, anosis, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and away from stack of rice straw, threshing ground and solarization place, double cropping late rice rice seedling bed also should away from the sick field of early rice;
2) cultural control:
(1) disease-resistant breeding is selected;
(2) anosis seed rice is selected: conventional Rice is anosis reserves seed for planting in field, the hybrid rice non-lesion production of hybrid seeds;
(3) adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, the later stage accomplishes alternation of wetting and drying, promotes that rice leaf is aging, strengthens premunition;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control the number of pest such as rice field leafhopper, trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphid, thrips, reduce the communication media of pathogen;
4) biological control:
0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 300 times liquid limb spray application;
5) physical control:
Deal carefully with disease straw, do not allow germ contact with kind, bud, seedling, remove the ratoon rice strain of limit, field or weeds, concentrate and destroy;
6) chemical control:
58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder 500 times of liquid or 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid selected by medicament, and join and execute 70% Wettable propineb powder, 500 times of liquid foliage-sprays.
As preferred technical scheme, described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A 150-200ml and HYT-B 250-350ml and to stir in 15L water, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C 80-120g, place 1 day again, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root.
As preferred technical scheme, described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 15-30 kilogram for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200-400ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
It is the bio-bacterial manure that Beijing Di Fulai development in science and technology Co., Ltd produces that ground good fortune in the present invention carrys out microorganism fertilizer.Ground good fortune come microorganism fertilizer can decompose and remove do nitrite in object, hydrogen sulphide and agricultural chemicals remain, the heavy metals such as absorption and degraded chromium, nickel, lead, tin, cobalt, bioactie agent C, G, F contained by it, can participate in crop Inner eycle, repairs rapidly damaged cell safer by food; Can improve soil physical and chemical property, make organic matter and humic acid content carry L, granular structure is formed soon, ventilation good water-retaining property, and crops well developed root system, fibrous root length, Bai Genduo, activity by force, improve soil nutrient absorbing capacity; Ground good fortune is come can activating soil rhizospheric microorganism, large, the middle and trace element of release soil solidification, high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing, for paddy rice provides full nutrition, and short root strong sprout; Improve the photosynthesis of paddy rice and disease-resistant, anti-adversity ability, have good preventive effect to rice blast.
Mostly fertile benefit in the present invention is a kind of bio-bacterial manure, develops according to rhizosphere soil microecology principle, plant nutrition physiological principle and the basic conception in modern times " organic farming ".Comprise HYT-A, HYT-B and HYT-C tri-kinds.
The soil azotobacter that HYT-A is nontoxic by 18 kinds, no pathogenicity is highly active form, the probiotics of Various Functions is prepared into microbial inoculum, after activated expansion is numerous, be applicable to each vegetative period of multiple soil environment and crop, root directly to crops provides important nutrient as nitrogen, potassium and basic inorganic mineral nutrition.Special efficacy: one is that to make fertilizer efficiency rate high, balanced nutrients, stablely improves utilization rate of fertilizer and soil fertility, and the lasting period can reach more than 4 months.Two is optimize soil ecology structure, administer harden, pollute, acidifying and salinization soil Be very effective.Three is form biological control mechanism, anti-dead, anti-continuous cropping effect gives prominence to.Four is automatic regulating crop growth, growth-promoting root, strong sprout, raising yield and quality of rice.
HYT-B is from biological hydrolysis marine organisms thing cephalothorax crust, the later stage dissolution process of liquid by fermentation.Special efficacy: be rich in 19 kinds of L-amino acid, mineral matter and natural polymerses, can directly for microorganism and plant growth provide nutrition.Crops well developed root system can be promoted fast, strengthen leaf photosynthesis and crop disease-resistant, anti-adversity ability; Strong sprout, healthy tree, increase yield, oil recovery enhancement.
HYT-C is rich in high-purity, high-load chitin and chitinase induced activity thing.Special efficacy: for HYT-A edaphon bacterium itself and crops provide nutrition; Can activate, inducing plant and microorganism biological generate biology enzyme, the disease-resistant factor such as organic acid, alkaloid in a large number; Meanwhile, can promote that beneficial bacterium flood tide expands fast numerous, can plant growth be stimulated again.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention adopts ecological management, cultural control, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, biological control, physical control and Chemical control methods, significantly reduces the rice blast incidence of disease, respond well, improves the seed output and quality of paddy rice.
Adopt ground good fortune to carry out the biological bacterium colony that microorganism fertilizer effectively can improve soil structure and soil, effectively can prevent the morbidity of rice blast, and effectively can improve the seed output and quality of paddy rice.
The present invention adopts the means of preventing in advance, the present invention adopts the means of preventing in advance, integrated control is carried out in ecological management, cultural control, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, biological control, physical control and chemical control, adopt the measure such as cultural control, physical control to carry out integrated control makes rice blast average attack rate reduce simultaneously, output increases, significantly improve paddy rice grade, obtain good economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention, be clearly and completely described technical scheme of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A prevention and controls for rice blast, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, increase soil fertility, strengthen the absorbing capacity of rice root;
(2) high-land should be selected in rice seedling bed, anosis, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and away from stack of rice straw, threshing ground and solarization place, double cropping late rice rice seedling bed also should away from the sick field of early rice;
2) cultural control:
(1) disease-resistant breeding is selected;
(2) anosis seed rice is selected: conventional Rice is anosis reserves seed for planting in field, the hybrid rice non-lesion production of hybrid seeds;
(3) adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, the later stage accomplishes alternation of wetting and drying, promotes that rice leaf is aging, strengthens premunition;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control the number of pest such as rice field leafhopper, trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphid, thrips, reduce the communication media of pathogen;
4) biological control:
0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 300 times liquid limb spray application;
5) physical control:
Deal carefully with disease straw, do not allow germ contact with kind, bud, seedling, remove the ratoon rice strain of limit, field or weeds, concentrate and destroy;
6) chemical control:
58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder 500 times of liquid selected by medicament, and join and execute 70% Wettable propineb powder, 500 times of liquid foliage-sprays.
Described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A150ml and HYT-B 250ml and to stir in 15L water, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C 80g, then place 1 day, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root.
Described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 15 kilograms for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
Embodiment 2
A prevention and controls for rice blast, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, increase soil fertility, strengthen the absorbing capacity of rice root;
(2) high-land should be selected in rice seedling bed, anosis, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and away from stack of rice straw, threshing ground and solarization place, double cropping late rice rice seedling bed also should away from the sick field of early rice;
2) cultural control:
(1) disease-resistant breeding is selected;
(2) anosis seed rice is selected: conventional Rice is anosis reserves seed for planting in field, the hybrid rice non-lesion production of hybrid seeds;
(3) adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, the later stage accomplishes alternation of wetting and drying, promotes that rice leaf is aging, strengthens premunition;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control the number of pest such as rice field leafhopper, trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphid, thrips, reduce the communication media of pathogen;
4) biological control:
0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 300 times liquid limb spray application;
5) physical control:
Deal carefully with disease straw, do not allow germ contact with kind, bud, seedling, remove the ratoon rice strain of limit, field or weeds, concentrate and destroy;
6) chemical control:
80% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid selected by medicament, and join and execute 70% Wettable propineb powder, 500 times of liquid foliage-sprays.
Described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A180ml and HYT-B 300ml and to stir in 15L water, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C 100g, then place 1 day, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root.
Described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 20 kilograms for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 300ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
Embodiment 3
A prevention and controls for rice blast, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, increase soil fertility, strengthen the absorbing capacity of rice root;
(2) high-land should be selected in rice seedling bed, anosis, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and away from stack of rice straw, threshing ground and solarization place, double cropping late rice rice seedling bed also should away from the sick field of early rice;
2) cultural control:
(1) disease-resistant breeding is selected;
(2) anosis seed rice is selected: conventional Rice is anosis reserves seed for planting in field, the hybrid rice non-lesion production of hybrid seeds;
(3) adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, the later stage accomplishes alternation of wetting and drying, promotes that rice leaf is aging, strengthens premunition;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control the number of pest such as rice field leafhopper, trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphid, thrips, reduce the communication media of pathogen;
4) biological control:
0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 300 times liquid limb spray application;
5) physical control:
Deal carefully with disease straw, do not allow germ contact with kind, bud, seedling, remove the ratoon rice strain of limit, field or weeds, concentrate and destroy;
6) chemical control:
58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder 500 times of liquid selected by medicament, and join and execute 70% Wettable propineb powder, 500 times of liquid foliage-sprays.
Described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A200ml and HYT-B 350ml and to stir in 15L water, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C 120g, then place 1 day, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root
Described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 30 kilograms for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 400ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a prevention and controls for rice blast, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
(1) use the many or ground good fortune of fertile benefit and carry out microorganism fertilizer, improve soil physical and chemical property, increase soil fertility, strengthen the absorbing capacity of rice root;
(2) high-land should be selected in rice seedling bed, anosis, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, and away from stack of rice straw, threshing ground and solarization place, double cropping late rice rice seedling bed also should away from the sick field of early rice;
2) cultural control:
(1) disease-resistant breeding is selected;
(2) anosis seed rice is selected: conventional Rice is anosis reserves seed for planting in field, the hybrid rice non-lesion production of hybrid seeds;
(3) adopt rational application of fertilizers technology, the later stage accomplishes alternation of wetting and drying, promotes that rice leaf is aging, strengthens premunition;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Control the number of pest such as rice field leafhopper, trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphid, thrips, reduce the communication media of pathogen;
4) biological control:
0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution 300 times liquid limb spray application;
5) physical control:
Deal carefully with disease straw, do not allow germ contact with kind, bud, seedling, remove the ratoon rice strain of limit, field or weeds, concentrate and destroy;
6) chemical control:
58% first frost mancozeb wettable powder 500 times of liquid or 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid selected by medicament, and join and execute 70% Wettable propineb powder, 500 times of liquid foliage-sprays.
2. the prevention and controls of rice blast according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the how concrete using method of fertile benefit described 1) in ecological management for add HYT-A 150-200ml and HYT-B 250-350ml and to stir in 15L water, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C 80-120g, place 1 day again, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, water root.
3. the prevention and controls of rice blast according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 15-30 kilogram for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200-400ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510372027.8A CN105010009A (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | Prevention and treatment method for rice blast |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510372027.8A CN105010009A (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | Prevention and treatment method for rice blast |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105010009A true CN105010009A (en) | 2015-11-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510372027.8A Pending CN105010009A (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | Prevention and treatment method for rice blast |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107087614A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-25 | 广西南宁益土生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of bactericidal composition containing Chinese yam polysaccharide |
| TWI776480B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-09-01 | 國立屏東科技大學 | Rice blast disease hotspot warning mathematical analysis method and model system thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-06-30 CN CN201510372027.8A patent/CN105010009A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107087614A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-25 | 广西南宁益土生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of bactericidal composition containing Chinese yam polysaccharide |
| TWI776480B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-09-01 | 國立屏東科技大學 | Rice blast disease hotspot warning mathematical analysis method and model system thereof |
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 650000, Yunnan City, Kunming province Panlong District Beijing road and Baiyun Road intersection southwest corner, heart View Holiday building 21, 2112 layers Applicant after: Yunnan Tian Qi Hong Tillage Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 650000, Yunnan City, Kunming province Panlong District Beijing road and Baiyun Road intersection southwest corner, heart View Holiday building 21, 2112 layers Applicant before: YUNNAN TIANZHI NETWORK TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. |
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Application publication date: 20151104 |
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