CN109418090A - A kind of implantation methods of rice - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN109418090A CN109418090A CN201710565740.3A CN201710565740A CN109418090A CN 109418090 A CN109418090 A CN 109418090A CN 201710565740 A CN201710565740 A CN 201710565740A CN 109418090 A CN109418090 A CN 109418090A
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- rice
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- implantation methods
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009355 double cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of rice, comprising the following steps: 1) site preparation;2) presoaking and germinating;3) seedling is sowed;4) ordered transplantation;5) it rationally pours water;6) rice duck is put in a suitable place to breed;7) science control fertilizer;8) insect pest preventing and controlling;9) it gathers in.The present invention promotes rice tillering by rational close planting and control fertilizer, improves single rate.Comprehensive straw-returning, ordered transplantation and rice duck breeding combine, and find a kind of Rice Cropping technology of scientific, high resource utilization of green.Straw-returning can not only solve crop straw burning bring problem of environmental pollution, but also can promote soil nutrient and improve rice yield;Ordered transplantation method is simple, keeps high yield while save labour;It is combined using rice duck breeding, reduces the use of fertilizer and pesticide, reduce production cost, the paddy persticide residue of production is low, green and healthy, edible safety, moreover it is possible to improved resource utilization, increase agricultural performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of plant, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of rice.
Background technique
Rice, is annual gramineae plant, and seed, that is, paddy claims rice or rice after decladding.Rice is Chinese master
Cereal crops are wanted, in addition to this it is possible to make wine, refine sugar, rice husk, rice straw also there are many use.In 10 years since 2004,
Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area and total output account for the 27.4% and 36.1% of cereal crops area and total yield respectively.Rice, corn and wheat are
China Three major grain crops, wherein rice is the highest crop of per unit area yield, statistics show national rice be averaged per unit area yield compared with corn with
39% and 19% is respectively increased in wheat.For rice as the main grain ration of China, the whole nation has 60% population edible.Remove Tibet and blueness in the whole nation
The Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area in sea is smaller, and the rice of certain area is planted by other each province, and planting area is extensive, planting system is more
Kind, variety type multiplicity, increase income Food Security in China, ecological safety and rice farmer and play a significant role.China is also that the whole world is main
The Rice Production state wanted, its rice area accounts for the whole world 18.5% in recent years, is only second to India, and rice total yield accounts for the whole world 27.7%, occupies complete
Ball is the first, and rice yield is higher by the average per unit area yield 50% in the whole world.The rice technology progress and development of China develop global Rice Production
It is made that significant contribution.Rice in China area is from 1949 to 2013 from 2571 × 104hm2It is increased to 3031 × 104hm2, increase
Long 460 × 104hm2, amplification 18%;Per unit area yield is from 1.89t/hm2It is increased to 6.72t/hm2, improve 4.83t/hm2, amplification 255%;Always
It produces from 4860 × 104t and improves 20340 × 104t, increase by 15440 × 104t, amplification 319%.
In recent decades, Chinese society's economic development, agricultural restructuring and rural laborer are to other industry transfers, water
Rice production faces the problems such as rice field area and the decline of double cropping of rice area, shortage of water resources, soil texture variation and fertility decline, system
About Rice Production high-yield and high-efficiency development.So rice technology needs transition and upgrade, adapt to rice varieties replacement, production scale,
Management style and planting system variation, adapt to the requirement for improving fertilizer, pesticide and the level of resources utilization.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of feasible it is an object of the invention to be provided for a series of problems present in the plantation of existing Rice Production
Solution plants Super-high-yielding technology and rice duck in conjunction with planting technology by orderly putting to throw, rationally utilizes farmland resource, effectively improve
Rice yield, reduces fertilizer and drug uses.
To achieve the goals above, the invention mainly comprises following steps:
1, site preparation: rice straw of upper season is shredded, is ploughed under in field using tractor-ploughing, farmyard manure 1200-1500kg/ is administered simultaneously
Mu;Mechanical site preparation is carried out after soil soaks after field after pouring water.
2, presoaking and germinating: high-quality seed rice is selected to handle 1-2 days, i.e. seed rice is put and impregnated in water by daytime, at night on ground
It is ventilative to spread out dew kind, thickness 3-5cm.
3, it sows seedling: 1-2 months before broadcasting, 50-60kg fertile soil is added by every 100kg Tian Tuzhong and 12-15kg is decomposed
Muck adds water to be mixed into seedling nutritive mud;Plastic floppy disk seedling is selected, is quantitatively sowed according to rice varieties.
4, it throws and plants thin planting: selecting to carry out throwing cultivation when calm or weak wind, keep 1-2cm water layer favorably to found seedling in field;When throwing cultivation
Density is controlled, every 2.5-3m drawstring picks the working line of 30-40cm.
5, it rationally pours water: throwing and keep shallow water after planting, be immersed in the water rice shoot and unlikely floating seedling, rice shoot is promoted to turn green;Vertical seedling
Afterwards, need to control field water layer according to the paddy growth stage, it is ensured that the good development growth of rice.
6, put rice duck in a suitable place to breed: rice shoot turn green after 5-7 days, put duckling in a suitable place to breed in rice field.
7, science control fertilizer: paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is applied during paddy growth, applies seed strong fertilizer after beginning fringe.
8, insect pest preventing and controlling: winter dry field reduces pest and disease damage;Cooperate the pest control of rice duck using black light lamps, optionally
It sprays insecticide prevention and treatment.
9, harvesting in due course: rice milling yield highest at rice neat fringe 40-50 days, quality is best, gathers in time.
The throwing, which plants to throw in thin planting, in one of the embodiments, plants density as the 15-20 root and stem of certain plants/m2。
The paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight in one of the embodiments: organic fertilizer
50-60 parts, compound fertilizer 30-40 parts, 10-15 parts of fermented bean dregs, 5-8 parts of humic acid.
Specifically, the method for administration of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer: it throws 5-7 days after planting and is applied for the first time by 40-50kg/ mus, it is later every
A month by 80-100kg/ mus of applications;It is added after dry field rehydration by 20-30kg/ mus, is all made of the mode of spreading fertilizer over the fields.
The urea liquid that the seed strong fertilizer is 1% in one of the embodiments, solution usage are 25-35kg per acre,
Using foliage-spray.
Rice straw returning to the field amount of upper season is 600-800kg/ mus in the site preparation in one of the embodiments,.
The duckling stocking rate is 8-10/mu in one of the embodiments,.
The quantitative sowing is every 40-50 grams of disk application rate of conventional Rice in one of the embodiments, and hybrid rice is every
25-30 grams of disk application rate.
The shallow water water depth 2-3cm that the throwing is kept after planting in one of the embodiments,.
Advantages of the present invention and the utility model has the advantages that the present invention by rational close planting and control fertilizer, promote rice tillering, improve per unit area yield
Amount.Comprehensive straw-returning, ordered transplantation and rice duck breeding combine, and find a kind of rice seed of scientific, high resource utilization of green
Planting technology.Straw-returning can not only solve crop straw burning bring problem of environmental pollution, but also can promote soil nutrient and improve rice
Yield;Ordered transplantation method is simple, keeps high yield while save labour;It is combined using rice duck breeding, reduces fertilizer and agriculture
The use of medicine reduces production cost, and the paddy persticide residue of production is low, green and healthy, edible safety, moreover it is possible to improve resource benefit
With rate, increase agricultural performance.
Specific embodiment
It is of the invention for ease of understanding, several embodiments of the present invention are shown below.But the present invention can be with many not
With form realize, however it is not limited to embodiment described herein.On the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is makes to this
The disclosure of invention is more thorough and comprehensive.
Unless otherwise defined, the skill of all technical and scientific terms and technical field of the invention used herein
The normally understood meaning of art personnel is identical.Term used in the description is intended merely to describe specifically to implement purpose, is not
It is designed to limit the invention.
Embodiment 1:
1, rice straw of upper season is shredded, is ploughed under in field using tractor-ploughing, per acre 600kg;Farmyard manure 1500kg/ is administered simultaneously
Mu.Mechanical site preparation is carried out after soil soaks after field after pouring water again.
2, high-quality seed rice is selected to handle 1 day, i.e. seed rice is put and impregnated in water by daytime, and it is saturating to spread out dew kind on ground at night
Gas, thickness 3cm.
3, it broadcasts first 1 month, adds water to be mixed by every 100kg Tian Tuzhong addition 50kg fertile soil and the decomposed muck of 12kg and educate
Seedling nutritive mud.Plastic floppy disk seedling is selected, conventional Rice sowing, 40 grams of every disk application rate are selected.
4, organic fertilizer 500kg, compound fertilizer 300kg, fermented bean dregs 100kg and humic acid 50kg is taken to be mixed and made into rice dedicated
Fertilizer, for use.
5, it selects to carry out throwing cultivation when calm or weak wind, 1cm water layer is kept to be conducive to vertical seedling.By 15 root and stem of certain plants/m2It throws and plants, every 2.5m is drawn
Rope picks the working line of 30cm.It throws 5 days after planting and spreads fertilizer over the fields paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer for the first time by 40kg/ mus.
6, the shallow water for keeping 2cm after planting is thrown, rice shoot is immersed in the water and unlikely floating seedling, rice shoot is promoted to turn green.After vertical seedling, root
It needs to control field water layer according to a conventional method according to the paddy growth stage, it is ensured that the good development growth of rice.Meanwhile after for the first time
After imposing paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer, every month spreads fertilizer over the fields paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer by 80kg/ mus.
7,5 days after rice shoot is turned green, duckling 8 are put in rice field in a suitable place to breed per acre, rice duck can eat up weeds and insect, and duck excrement can also mention
For Nutrients uptake paddy growth.
8,1 seed strong fertilizer is applied after beginning fringe, the urea liquid that seed strong fertilizer is 1%, solution usage is 30kg per acre, using leaf
Face sprays.
9, winter dry field adds paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer by 30kg/ mus after dry field rehydration, reduces pest and disease damage.It is lured using black light lamp
Kill cooperation rice duck pest control, prevention and treatment of optionally spraying insecticide.
10, the neat fringe of rice 40 days when gather in time.
Embodiment 2:
1, rice straw of upper season is shredded, is ploughed under in field using tractor-ploughing, per acre 800kg;Farmyard manure 1200kg/ is administered simultaneously
Mu.Mechanical site preparation is carried out after soil soaks after field after pouring water again.
2, high-quality seed rice is selected to handle 2 days, i.e. seed rice is put and impregnated in water by daytime, and it is saturating to spread out dew kind on ground at night
Gas, thickness 4cm.
3, it broadcasts first 2 months, adds water to be mixed by every 100kg Tian Tuzhong addition 60kg fertile soil and the decomposed muck of 15kg and educate
Seedling nutritive mud.Plastic floppy disk seedling is selected, hybrid rice sowing, 30 grams of every disk application rate are selected.
4, organic fertilizer 600kg, compound fertilizer 400kg, fermented bean dregs 150kg and humic acid 80kg is taken to be mixed and made into rice dedicated
Fertilizer, for use.
5, it selects to carry out throwing cultivation when calm or weak wind, 2cm water layer is kept to be conducive to vertical seedling.By 20 root and stem of certain plants/m2It throws and plants, every 3m drawstring
Pick the working line of 40cm.It throws 7 days after planting and spreads fertilizer over the fields paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer for the first time by 50kg/ mus.
6, the shallow water for keeping 3cm after planting is thrown, rice shoot is immersed in the water and unlikely floating seedling, rice shoot is promoted to turn green.After vertical seedling, root
It needs to control field water layer according to a conventional method according to the paddy growth stage, it is ensured that the good development growth of rice.Meanwhile after for the first time
After imposing paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer, every month spreads fertilizer over the fields paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer by 100kg/ mus.
7,7 days after rice shoot is turned green, duckling 10 are put in rice field in a suitable place to breed per acre, rice duck can eat up weeds and insect, and duck excrement can also
Nutrients uptake paddy growth is provided.
8,1 seed strong fertilizer is applied after beginning fringe, the urea liquid that seed strong fertilizer is 1%, solution usage is 35kg per acre, using leaf
Face sprays.
9, winter dry field adds paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer by 25kg/ mus after dry field rehydration, reduces pest and disease damage.It is lured using black light lamp
Kill cooperation rice duck pest control, prevention and treatment of optionally spraying insecticide.
10, the neat fringe of rice 45 days when gather in time.
Embodiment of the present invention is only the description carried out to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not to the present invention
Conception and scope is defined, and under the premise of not departing from design philosophy of the present invention, those skilled in the art are to of the invention
The all variations and modifications that technical solution is made, should all fall into protection scope of the present invention, in the claimed technology of the present invention
Hold, is all described in the claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of implantation methods of rice, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) site preparation: rice straw of upper season is shredded, is ploughed under in field using tractor-ploughing, farmyard manure 1200-1500kg/ is administered simultaneously
Mu;Mechanical site preparation is carried out after soil soaks after field after pouring water;
2) presoaking and germinating: high-quality seed rice is selected to handle 1-2 days, i.e. seed rice is put and impregnated in water by daytime, spreads out at night on ground
Dew kind is ventilative, thickness 3-5cm;
3) it sows seedling: 1-2 months before broadcasting, 50-60kg fertile soil and the decomposed muck of 12-15kg is added by every 100kg Tian Tuzhong
Water is added to be mixed into seedling nutritive mud;Plastic floppy disk seedling is selected, is quantitatively sowed according to rice varieties;
4) it throws and plants thin planting: selecting to carry out throwing cultivation when calm or weak wind, keep 1-2cm water layer favorably to found seedling in field;It throws and is controlled when planting
Density, every 2.5-3m drawstring pick the working line of 30-40cm;
5) it rationally pours water: throwing and keep shallow water after planting, be immersed in the water rice shoot and unlikely floating seedling, rice shoot is promoted to turn green;After vertical seedling, root
Need to control field water layer according to the paddy growth stage, it is ensured that the good development growth of rice;
6) put rice duck in a suitable place to breed: rice shoot turn green after 5-7 days, put duckling in a suitable place to breed in rice field;
7) science control fertilizer: paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is applied during paddy growth, applies seed strong fertilizer after beginning fringe;
8) insect pest preventing and controlling: winter dry field reduces pest and disease damage;Cooperate the pest control of rice duck using black light lamps, optionally sprays
Pesticide control;
9) harvesting in due course: rice milling yield highest at rice neat fringe 40-50 days, quality is best, gathers in time.
2. the implantation methods of rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the throwing plants throwing cultivation density in thin planting and is
The 15-20 root and stem of certain plants/m2。
3. the implantation methods of rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is by following weight
The raw material of part mixes: 50-60 parts of organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer 30-40 parts, 10-15 parts of fermented bean dregs, 5-8 parts of humic acid;
Method of administration: it throws 5-7 days after planting and is applied for the first time by 40-50kg/ mus, later every month is by 80-100kg/ mus of applications;It shines
It is added after the rehydration of field by 20-30kg/ mus, is all made of the mode of spreading fertilizer over the fields.
4. the implantation methods of rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the urea liquid that the seed strong fertilizer is 1%,
Solution usage is 25-35kg per acre, using foliage-spray.
5. the implantation methods of rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the site preparation upper season rice straw also
Field amount is 600-800kg/ mus.
6. the implantation methods of rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the duckling stocking rate be 8-10 only/
Mu.
7. the implantation methods of rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the quantitative sowing is the every disk of conventional Rice
40-50 grams of application rate, every 25-30 grams of disk application rate of hybrid rice.
8. the implantation methods of rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the shallow water water layer that the throwing is kept after planting
Depth 2-3cm.
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Cited By (1)
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CN115443864A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-12-09 | 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Comprehensive rice and duck planting and breeding method in full rice planting period |
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