CN109287461B - Tomato seedling cultivation method capable of remarkably improving early-stage yield - Google Patents
Tomato seedling cultivation method capable of remarkably improving early-stage yield Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109287461B CN109287461B CN201811405363.8A CN201811405363A CN109287461B CN 109287461 B CN109287461 B CN 109287461B CN 201811405363 A CN201811405363 A CN 201811405363A CN 109287461 B CN109287461 B CN 109287461B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seedling
- scion
- seedlings
- tomato
- grafting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a tomato seedling grafting method capable of remarkably improving early yield and a matched cultivation measure. The grafted tomato seedlings have two fruiting scions, and are subjected to seedling culture, light supplement healing and water and fertilizer management. The early yield (first two ears) of the tomatoes obtained by the method is obviously higher than that of the tomato obtained by the traditional grafting method, and the flowering phase is 4-15 days earlier than that of the tomato obtained by the traditional management method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a tomato seedling cultivation method capable of remarkably improving early yield.
Background
Tomatoes are one of favorite vegetables, in recent years, rotation is hindered due to limited land resources, and soil-borne diseases such as tomato bacterial wilt, blight and root rot are increasingly serious, so that the normal development of the tomato industry is influenced. The tomato has the effects of disease resistance, continuous cropping resistance, plant growth enhancement and the like through grafting, the occurrence of soil-borne diseases such as tomato bacterial wilt, root rot, blight, root knot nematode disease and the like can be effectively prevented for continuous cropping fields, the nutrient absorption capacity can be enhanced, the tomato yield can be improved, and the tomato grafting and seedling raising trend is great. The traditional tomato grafting technology is usually fixed by a grafting clamp, the cut scion is inserted into a cut of a stock to enable the scion and the stock to be closely matched, and then the grafting clamp is used for fixing. The method has the advantages of high grafting survival rate (about 80%), large seedlings during grafting, high node positions, capability of well avoiding the contact of a grafting opening with soil and reduction of soil-borne diseases. But the method has the advantages of complex operation, high requirement on operation proficiency, low speed, higher labor cost, low benefit and few grafted seedling finished products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a grafting method and a matched cultivation measure for light supplement, water and fertilizer supply and the like, the grafted tomato seedlings have two bearing scions, the early yield (the first two scions) is obviously higher than that of the traditional grafting method, and the flowering phase is 4-15 days earlier than that of the traditional management method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a tomato seedling grafting method for remarkably improving early yield and a matched cultivation measure are provided, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: and (5) sowing the scions and the stocks. The scions include but are not limited to Fu powder No. 1 and Xinjin No. 101; rootstocks include, but are not limited to, Guangxi Guilin scion seedling-rootstock No. 2;
(2) preparing scion seedlings: the top end of the scion seedling is cut off (the cut top end part is also the scion, namely the scion seedling can be used for multiple times), and after two lateral buds grow, the scion seedling is cut off from the lower part of the stem to form the scion with two bearing branches.
(3) Grafting: and (4) removing the upper tip of the stock and cutting the cut of the stock. And (3) jointing the scion finished in the step (2) with the rootstock. After the stock and ear interface is embedded, the stock and ear interface is fixed by a grafting clip, and redundant roots are cut off to complete grafting.
(4) Matrix cultivation: the seedling culture substrate adopts vermiculite: grass carbon: pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs =1:1:0.2 (mass ratio), the mixing sequence is not sequential, and the grafted seedlings are transplanted after being mature.
(5) Light supplement and healing: and placing the grafted seedlings in a plant factory environment control system, adjusting the temperature and humidity, supplementing light at night, and promoting healing. The survived seedlings can be planted. The culture temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, the illumination time is 16 h/day, the relative humidity of the incubator is 75 percent, and the illumination intensity is 53 mu mol/(m) 2 s), red-blue light ratio of 2: 1.
(6) And (3) supplying water and fertilizer: EM organic fertilizer (fermented in Nanjing vegetable and flower institute) formed by fermenting EM (effective microorganism, Nanjing Ejiele Co., Ltd.) and chicken manure, corn straw and the like is applied, and the application amount is 950 kg/ha. 450 kg/ha is applied as a base fertilizer at one time, 350kg/ha is applied at the early stage of the fruit setting period, and 150 kg/ha is applied after the two ears are harvested. The water supply adopts a drip irrigation method, and the seedling revival adopts a small water service irrigation method. After the seedlings survive, the lower limit of soil moisture in the seedling stage is controlled to be 65 percent (accounting for the percentage of the field moisture capacity), and the lower limit of moisture in the flowering stage and the fruit setting stage is controlled to be 75 percent.
The invention has the following remarkable advantages:
the tomato seedling grafting method is beneficial to improving the survival rate of grafted seedlings, and by optimizing and reasonably managing the method in the later period, the tomato seedlings grow vigorously after grafting, plants bear fruits in advance, the fruit bearing rate is high, and the tomato yield is high.
Detailed Description
For further disclosure, but not limitation, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
A tomato seedling cultivation method capable of remarkably improving early yield comprises the following specific steps:
(1) sowing: and (3) sowing the scion (such as but not limited to Fufen No. 1 and Xingjin No. 101) and the stock (such as but not limited to Guangxi Guilin golden ear seedling-stock No. 2).
(2) Preparing scion seedlings: the top end of the scion (such as Fu powder No. 1 and Xingjin No. 101, but not limited to) is cut off (the cut top end part is also the scion, namely the scion seedling can be used for multiple times), after two lateral buds grow, the scion seedling is cut off from the lower part of the stem, and the scion with two bearing branches is formed.
(3) Grafting: the upper tip of the stock (such as Guangxi Guilin golden ear seedling-stock No. 2, but not limited to) is removed, and the cut of the stock is cut. And (3) jointing the scion finished in the step (2) with the rootstock. After the stock ear interface is embedded, the stock ear interface is fixed by a grafting clip, and redundant roots are cut off to complete grafting.
(4) Matrix cultivation: the seedling culture substrate adopts vermiculite: grass carbon: pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs =1:1:0.2 (mass ratio), the mixing sequence is not in sequence, and the grafted seedlings are transplanted after being mature.
(5) Light supplement and healing: and placing the grafted seedlings in a plant factory environment control system, adjusting the temperature and humidity, supplementing light at night, and promoting healing. The survived seedlings can be planted. The culture temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, the illumination time is 16 h/day, the relative humidity of the incubator is 75 percent, and the illumination intensity is 53 mu mol/(m) 2 s), red-blue light ratio of 2: 1.
(6) And (3) supplying water and fertilizer: EM organic fertilizer (fermented in Nanjing vegetable and flower research institute) formed by fermenting EM (Nanjing Aijiele Co., Ltd.) and chicken manure, corn straw and the like is applied, and the application amount is 950 kg/ha. 450 kg/ha is applied as a base fertilizer at one time, 350kg/ha is applied at the early stage of the fruit setting period, and 150 kg/ha is applied after the two ears are harvested. The water supply adopts a drip irrigation method, and the seedling recovery adopts a small water service irrigation method. After the seedlings survive, the lower limit of soil moisture in the seedling stage is controlled at 65% (accounting for the percentage of the field moisture capacity), and the lower limit of moisture in the flowering stage and the fruit setting stage is controlled at 75%.
Comparative example
Using traditional compound fertilizer (N: P: K) 2 O =1:2:3 (mass ratio) provided by orlistat compound fertilizer company) as a control, and the total yield was determined.
The test is based on conventional treatment (common seedlings + conventional compound fertilizer, denoted as CK), grafted seedlings according to the invention + conventional fertilization method (T1), and the method according to the invention (T2), with the observation indexes as given in table 1:
TABLE 1
By adopting a red-blue light ratio of 1:1 (CK), a red-blue light ratio of 1:2 (G1) and a red-blue light ratio of the invention (G2), the illumination time is 8 h/day and 16 h/day, the survival rate and the average strong seedling index of seedlings are compared, the strong seedling index is (stem thickness/plant height + underground dry mass/overground dry mass) multiplied by the whole plant dry mass, and the observation results are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the ratio of red light to blue light of the invention is 2:1, the illumination time is 16 h/day, the survival rate of seedlings is high, and the seedling strengthening index is high.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A tomato seedling cultivation method capable of remarkably improving early yield is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) sowing: seeding of the scions and the stocks;
(2) preparing scion seedlings: cutting off the top end of the scion seedling, and cutting off the scion seedling from the lower part of the stem after the scion seedling grows two lateral buds to form a scion with two bearing branches;
(3) grafting: removing the upper tip of the stock, and cutting the cut of the stock; jointing the scion completed in the step (2) with the rootstock; after the stock ear interface is embedded, fixing by adopting a grafting clip, cutting off redundant roots and completing grafting;
(4) matrix cultivation: the seedling culture substrate is as follows: vermiculite by mass: grass carbon: pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs =1:1:0.2, the materials are mixed in sequence, and the grafted seedlings are transplanted after being mature;
(5) and (3) supplementary lighting healing: placing the grafted seedlings in a plant factory environment control system, adjusting the temperature and humidity, supplementing light at night, and promoting healing; the survived seedlings can be planted;
(6) and (3) supplying water and fertilizer: applying an effective microorganism EM, chicken manure and an EM organic fertilizer formed by fermenting corn straws at the application amount of 900-950kg/ha in a specific sectional manner; the water supply adopts a drip irrigation method, the seedling revival adopts a small water service irrigation method, and the soil water in the seedling stage is controlled after the seedling survives;
the scion comprises Fufen No. 1 or Xingjin No. 101; the rootstocks comprise Guangxi Guilin golden ear seedlings-rootstocks No. 2;
the temperature and humidity regulation in the step (5) is specifically as follows: the culture temperature is controlled at 20-25 deg.C, the illumination time is 14-16 h/day, the relative humidity of the incubator is 70-80%, and the illumination intensity is 50-60 μmol/(m) 2 s), red-blue light mixing ratio is 2: 1;
the segmentation is specifically used as follows: 400-500 kg/ha is applied as a base fertilizer at one time, 300-350kg/ha is applied at the early stage of the fruit setting period, and 130-160kg/ha is applied after the second spike is harvested;
the soil moisture in the seedling stage is controlled as follows: the lower limit of the water content is controlled to be 65 percent of the field water capacity, and the lower limit of the water content is controlled to be 75 percent of the field water capacity in the flowering period and the fruit setting period.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811405363.8A CN109287461B (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Tomato seedling cultivation method capable of remarkably improving early-stage yield |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811405363.8A CN109287461B (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Tomato seedling cultivation method capable of remarkably improving early-stage yield |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109287461A CN109287461A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
| CN109287461B true CN109287461B (en) | 2022-08-26 |
Family
ID=65143884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811405363.8A Active CN109287461B (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Tomato seedling cultivation method capable of remarkably improving early-stage yield |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109287461B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114303668A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-12 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Tomato grafting method for plant factory |
| CN114868606B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-07-18 | 鲁东大学 | Tomato and reticulate melon composite facility cultivation management method under high-voltage electrostatic field environment |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1470156A (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-01-28 | 王傲妮 | Tomato-tree cultivating method |
| CN101953249B (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2012-07-25 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Fertilization method for protected tomato overwinter long-season cultivation |
| CN104813856B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2018-03-23 | 浙江大学 | A kind of method for inducing tomato to improve low-temperature resistance |
| CN107155541A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-15 | 刘从珍 | A kind of cultural method of ornamental type tomato |
| CN105766397A (en) * | 2016-05-08 | 2016-07-20 | 宁夏天瑞产业集团现代农业有限公司 | Tomato seedling grafting technology and management method thereof |
| CN105993873A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-12 | 广州汇圣森丰农业科技发展有限公司 | Drip-irrigation substrate black tomato cultivation process |
| CN108605555A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-10-02 | 句容市绿润苗木有限公司 | The engrafting method of cherry tomato |
| CN106941900A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-07-14 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | A kind of cultivation technique for preventing solanaceous vegetables brown foot rot disease to occur |
| CN108040744A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-05-18 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of preparation method of elm mushroom culture medium and the cultural method of elm mushroom |
| CN108184465A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-06-22 | 成都市农林科学院 | A kind of Tomato Grafting method for culturing seedlings |
-
2018
- 2018-11-23 CN CN201811405363.8A patent/CN109287461B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109287461A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103283453A (en) | Large-scale cutting propagation method of ligustrum japonicum 'howardii' | |
| CN107087502B (en) | Method for cultivating double-sprout-tiller grafted seedlings of tomatoes | |
| CN104186157A (en) | High-yield okra direct seeding method | |
| CN104969766A (en) | Method for planting strawberry | |
| CN104904459A (en) | Tomato planting method | |
| CN109287461B (en) | Tomato seedling cultivation method capable of remarkably improving early-stage yield | |
| CN108718862A (en) | A kind of apple branch big seedling cultivation method | |
| CN107197672A (en) | A kind of balloonflower root efficient cultivation method | |
| CN110892850A (en) | Fertilizer and pesticide double reduction method for overwintering stubbles of cucumbers | |
| CN104365359A (en) | Tea tree planting method | |
| CN104206130A (en) | Method for interplanting maize and red cluster peppers | |
| CN103563591A (en) | Fast growth technique of strawberry seedlings | |
| CN113016515A (en) | Chestnut-flavor pumpkin planting method capable of improving yield | |
| CN104641879A (en) | Method for planting dendrobium candidum in metasequoia tree forest | |
| CN101341847B (en) | Continuous cultivation method for vertical seedling of lianas vegetables | |
| CN116158316A (en) | High-yield method for overwintering cultivation of facility peppers | |
| CN107046979B (en) | Method for planting cassava in advance | |
| CN102771280B (en) | Thinning transplanting method of Eucommia ulmoides greenhouse seedlings | |
| CN109328909A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of mini small tomato | |
| CN112106601B (en) | Method for interplanting green manure in coastal saline-alkali soil orchard | |
| CN103609380A (en) | Cherry planting method | |
| CN114342730A (en) | Method for regulating flowering phase of ornamental peach trees in south China | |
| CN112042493A (en) | Planting method for interplanting taros and bamboo fungi | |
| CN105993871A (en) | Rapid seedling-raising method capable of promoting high germination rate of pseudo-ginseng by utilizing acremonium strictum | |
| CN105706840A (en) | Method for improving cutting propagation survival rate of clerodendrum trichotomum |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |