CN103688834A - Soilless azalea culture technology - Google Patents
Soilless azalea culture technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103688834A CN103688834A CN201310668373.1A CN201310668373A CN103688834A CN 103688834 A CN103688834 A CN 103688834A CN 201310668373 A CN201310668373 A CN 201310668373A CN 103688834 A CN103688834 A CN 103688834A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soilless azalea culture technology, which comprises the steps of matrix selection, nutrient solution preparation, cuttage and culture, after-culture management, flowering time regulation and the like. The soilless azalea culture technology is simple and convenient in operation method, by the matrix selection, nutrient solution preparation, and control on temperature, illumination intensity, moisture and the like, the culture survival rate can be improved, and the soilless azalea culture technology has the advantages of being high in survival rate, adjustable for flowering time, less in plant diseases and insect pests, low in pollution, capable of saving manpower and material resources and the like, and can be widely popularized in different regions, thus being wide in prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Floristry field, particularly relate to a kind of azalea cultivation technique without soil.
Background technology
The features such as azalea is the woody plant of Ericaceae Rhododendron, is famous in the world ornamental flower, is also China's one of ten large famous flowers, in different poses and with different expressions with it, pattern is bright-colored, kind is many, the florescence is long and extremely people like.At present, China azalea cultivar has the four large Breeds such as eastern cuckoo, western cuckoo, hair cuckoo, Xia Juan, can be used for beautifying and greening urban environment, beautifies and intersperses the hall, restaurant, domestic environment etc.But because azalea is stricter to requirements such as temperature, intensity of illumination, moisture, cultivation and management difficulty are large, and survival rate is low.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of azalea cultivation technique without soil, can, according to the life habit of azalea, improve its cultivation survival rate.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of azalea cultivation technique without soil is provided, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of matrix: inorganic matrix and organic substrate are mixed as matrix in the ratio of 1:2, and wherein inorganic matrix is vermiculite and perlite, and organic substrate is sawdust and the peat of becoming thoroughly decomposed;
(2) preparation of nutrient solution: the ratio in every 250L nutrient solution containing potassium nitrate 4.0～6.0kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4.4～5.2kg, nitrate of lime 5.5～7.5kg, manganese sulphate 3.2～4.0g, magnesium sulfate 3.3～4.5g and ferrous sulfate 155～180g, with being mixed with mixed solution through the Exposure to Sunlight running water of 1～2 day, with lactic acid, regulating the pH value of mixed solution is again 3～5, obtains azalea soilless culture nutrient solution;
(3) cultivation: select healthy and strong newborn branch to carry out cuttage cultivation, the perlite that particle diameter is 5～8mm is placed in the bottom that is first the mud earthen basin of 5～10 times of cuttage bar diameters at bore, place again the matrix of preparation in step (1) thereon, then cuttage branch is vertically inserted in matrix, finally pour the nutrient solution of preparation in step (2) into submergence matrix;
(4) plant rear management; Mud earthen basin after cuttage cultivation in step (3) is placed in to the lucifuge environment of 25～28 ℃, keeps matrix moistening, after cuttage branch roots, the temperature that controls environment is 15～25 ℃; Every day, light application time was 2～6h, and intensity of illumination is 1500～2000lx; Matrix is shown in and dryly waters permeablely, every 5～10 days simultaneously, to blade, sprays water; Every 10～15 days, to dropper nutrient solution in matrix to submergence matrix;
(5) florescence control: before blooming 30～45 days, spray water 2～3 times every day to blade, within every 2～3 days, spray a flower forcing element, regulate the room temperature is 15～20 ℃ simultaneously, every day, light application time was 4～6h, nutrient solution in every 3～5 days drip irrigation 100～300ml step (2), after blooming, the temperature that controls environment is 10～15 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in described step (1), described vermiculite and perlitic ratio are 1:1, described in the become thoroughly decomposed ratio of sawdust and peat be 2:1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in described step (2), in described nutrient solution, the mol ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron is 8～10:6～7:7～8:4～5:1～3:0.3～0.8.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pH value of described nutrient solution is 3.5.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in described step (3), the degree of depth of described cuttage branch is 3～5cm, and described cuttage branch contains 2～3 blades.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in described step (3) and step (4), the degree of depth of nutrient solution submergence matrix is 0.5～1mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of azalea cultivation technique without soil of the present invention, method of operating is easy, by the selection of matrix, the preparation of nutrient solution, the control of temperature, intensity of illumination, moisture etc., has improved cultivation survival rate, has that survival rate is high, the florescence is adjustable, damage by disease and insect is few, it is low to pollute, the advantages such as resource use manpower and material resources sparingly, can promote on a large scale in different regions, have a extensive future.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, protection scope of the present invention is made to more explicit defining.
The embodiment of the present invention comprises:
An azalea cultivation technique without soil, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of matrix: inorganic matrix and organic substrate are mixed as matrix in the ratio of 1:2, and wherein inorganic matrix is that ratio is vermiculite and the perlite of 1:1, and organic substrate is that ratio is become thoroughly decomposed sawdust and the peat of 2:1;
(2) preparation of nutrient solution: the ratio in every 250L nutrient solution containing potassium nitrate 4.0～6.0kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4.4～5.2kg, nitrate of lime 5.5～7.5kg, manganese sulphate 3.2～4.0g, magnesium sulfate 3.3～4.5g and ferrous sulfate 155～180g, with being mixed with mixed solution through the Exposure to Sunlight running water of 1～2 day, with lactic acid, regulating the pH value of mixed solution is again 3～5, be the azalea soilless culture of preparing is 8～10:6～7:7～8:4～5:1～3:0.3～0.8 by the mol ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron in nutrient solution;
(3) cultivation: select the healthy and strong newborn branch that contains 2～3 blades to carry out cuttage cultivation, the perlite that particle diameter is 5～8mm is placed in the bottom that is first the mud earthen basin of 5～10 times of cuttage bar diameters at bore, place again the matrix of preparation in step (1) thereon, the cuttage degree of depth is 3～5cm, then cuttage branch is vertically inserted in matrix, finally pour the nutrient solution of preparation in step (2) into submergence matrix 0.5～1mm;
(4) plant rear management; Mud earthen basin after cuttage cultivation in step (3) is placed in to the lucifuge environment of 25～28 ℃, keeps matrix moistening, after cuttage branch roots, the temperature that controls environment is 15～25 ℃; Every day, light application time was 2～6h, and intensity of illumination is 1500～2000lx; Matrix is shown in and dryly waters permeablely, every 5～10 days simultaneously, to blade, sprays water; Every 10～15 days, to dropper nutrient solution in matrix to submergence matrix 0.5～1mm;
(5) florescence control: before blooming 30～45 days, spray water 2～3 times every day to blade, within every 2～3 days, spray a flower forcing element, regulate the room temperature is 15～20 ℃ simultaneously, every day, light application time was 4～6h, nutrient solution in every 3～5 days drip irrigation 100～300ml step (2), after blooming, the temperature that controls environment is 10～15 ℃.
Embodiment 1
Vermiculite and perlite are mixed with the ratio of 1:1, and become thoroughly decomposed sawdust and peat mix with the ratio of 2:1, more above-mentioned two kinds of mixtures are mixed with the ratio of 1:1, as soilless culture substrate; Ratio in every 250L nutrient solution containing potassium nitrate 6.0kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5.2kg, nitrate of lime 5.5kg, manganese sulphate 3.2g, magnesium sulfate 4.5g and ferrous sulfate 155g, with being mixed with mixed solution through the Exposure to Sunlight running water of 1～2 day, with lactic acid, regulating the pH value of mixed solution is again 3.5, be the azalea soilless culture nutrient solution prepared.
The perlite that particle diameter is 5～8mm is placed in the bottom of the mud earthen basin that is 15cm at bore, form pipelined channel, place again above-mentioned matrix thereon, then the newborn branch with 2～3 blades is inserted to 3～5cm in matrix, finally pour above-mentioned nutrient solution into submergence matrix 0.5～1mm.
Mud earthen basin after above-mentioned cuttage cultivation is placed in to the lucifuge environment of 25 ℃, keeps matrix moistening, after cuttage branch roots, the temperature that controls environment is 15～25 ℃; Every day, light application time was 3h, and intensity of illumination is 1500lx; Matrix is shown in and dryly waters permeablely, every 5 days simultaneously, to blade, sprays water; Every 10 days, to dropper nutrient solution in matrix to submergence matrix 0.5～1mm.
According to the actual demand of blooming, before blooming 30～45 days, spray water 2～3 times every day to blade, within every 2～3 days, spray a flower forcing element, regulate the room temperature is 15～20 ℃ simultaneously, and every day, light application time was 6h, every 3～5 days above-mentioned nutrient solutions of drip irrigation 100～300ml, after blooming, the temperature that controls environment is 10～15 ℃.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an azalea cultivation technique without soil, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of matrix: inorganic matrix and organic substrate are mixed as matrix in the ratio of 1:2, and wherein inorganic matrix is vermiculite and perlite, and organic substrate is sawdust and the peat of becoming thoroughly decomposed;
(2) preparation of nutrient solution: the ratio in every 250L nutrient solution containing potassium nitrate 4.0～6.0kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4.4～5.2kg, nitrate of lime 5.5～7.5kg, manganese sulphate 3.2～4.0g, magnesium sulfate 3.3～4.5g and ferrous sulfate 155～180g, with being mixed with mixed solution through the Exposure to Sunlight running water of 1～2 day, with lactic acid, regulating the pH value of mixed solution is again 3～5, obtains azalea soilless culture nutrient solution;
(3) cultivation: select healthy and strong newborn branch to carry out cuttage cultivation, the perlite that particle diameter is 5～8mm is placed in the bottom that is first the mud earthen basin of 5～10 times of cuttage bar diameters at bore, place again the matrix of preparation in step (1) thereon, then cuttage branch is vertically inserted in matrix, finally pour the nutrient solution of preparation in step (2) into submergence matrix;
(4) plant rear management; Mud earthen basin after cuttage cultivation in step (3) is placed in to the lucifuge environment of 25～28 ℃, keeps matrix moistening, after cuttage branch roots, the temperature that controls environment is 15～25 ℃; Every day, light application time was 2～6h, and intensity of illumination is 1500～2000lx; Matrix is shown in and dryly waters permeablely, every 5～10 days simultaneously, to blade, sprays water; Every 10～15 days, to dropper nutrient solution in matrix to submergence matrix;
(5) florescence control: before blooming 30～45 days, spray water 2～3 times every day to blade, within every 2～3 days, spray a flower forcing element, regulate the room temperature is 15～20 ℃ simultaneously, every day, light application time was 4～6h, nutrient solution in every 3～5 days drip irrigation 100～300ml step (2), after blooming, the temperature that controls environment is 10～15 ℃.
2. azalea cultivation technique without soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), described vermiculite and perlitic ratio are 1:1, described in the become thoroughly decomposed ratio of sawdust and peat be 2:1.
3. azalea cultivation technique without soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), in described nutrient solution, the mol ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron is 8～10:6～7:7～8:4～5:1～3:0.3～0.8.
4. azalea cultivation technique without soil according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the pH value of described nutrient solution is 3.5.
5. azalea cultivation technique without soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (3), the degree of depth of described cuttage branch is 3～5cm, and described cuttage branch contains 2～3 blades.
6. azalea cultivation technique without soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (3) and step (4), the degree of depth of nutrient solution submergence matrix is 0.5～1mm.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN201310668373.1A CN103688834A (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | Soilless azalea culture technology |
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| CN201310668373.1A CN103688834A (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | Soilless azalea culture technology |
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| CN103688834A true CN103688834A (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104350933A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-18 | 遵义市石锐花卉种植园 | Azalea cultivation method |
| CN105145307A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Water cutting and seedling cultivation method for woody plants |
| CN106359037A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 合肥市田然农业科技园有限公司 | Primula malacoides soilless culture method |
| CN106986690A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-28 | 云南尚美嘉花卉有限公司 | A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower soilless culture method |
| CN107197765A (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-09-26 | 邹祥茂 | A kind of soilless culture nursery liquid for extending the broad-leaved epiphyllum florescence and preparation method thereof |
| CN108718991A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-11-02 | 陆川县凯悦鑫种养专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of gynura bicolor |
| CN109258399A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-25 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of screening technique of highly effective water-keeping matrix and application |
-
2013
- 2013-12-11 CN CN201310668373.1A patent/CN103688834A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104350933A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-18 | 遵义市石锐花卉种植园 | Azalea cultivation method |
| CN107197765A (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-09-26 | 邹祥茂 | A kind of soilless culture nursery liquid for extending the broad-leaved epiphyllum florescence and preparation method thereof |
| CN105145307A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Water cutting and seedling cultivation method for woody plants |
| CN106359037A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 合肥市田然农业科技园有限公司 | Primula malacoides soilless culture method |
| CN106986690A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-28 | 云南尚美嘉花卉有限公司 | A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower soilless culture method |
| CN108718991A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-11-02 | 陆川县凯悦鑫种养专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of gynura bicolor |
| CN109258399A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-25 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of screening technique of highly effective water-keeping matrix and application |
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Application publication date: 20140402 |