A kind of microbial fish guano and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to microbial fish guano technical field, be specifically related to a kind of microbial fish guano and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Nearest Two decades years comes, due to the development of intensive feeding cause, result in the sustainable growth of fish crop, wherein in cultivation, one of Main Yield-increasing measure of taking is (as the summer in suitable cultivation season, autumn) use urea to fishing pond at regular time and quantity, the nitrogen manure such as amine-oxides and carbonic hydroammonium, its effect is that fertilizer efficiency is high, can significantly increase filter-feeding freshwater fish, as silver carp, planktonic growth needed for flathead, because pisciculture using chemical fertilizer has the effective feature such as pollution-free, universal and popularization is rapidly obtained at home and abroad in the freshwater aquiculture that recent years is particularly Chinese.But long-term a large amount of chemical fertilizer that uses cultivates, and certainly will cause certain harm to the growth of fish, the time has grown meeting accumulation harmful element in fish body, thus brings certain harm to people.
A lot of plant adopts fertilizer at present, traditional fertilizer has its advantage, but shortcoming function singleness, the process that utilizes by phytoplankton longer, and a large amount of oxygen consumed in mineralization process in water body, this in water to put product in a suitable place to breed as unfavorable in the growth such as fish; In addition, organic fish guano should make base manure, and is mainly used in Winter-Spring water temperature lower season.And inorganic fertilizer function is comparatively single, although can make fish high yield, Long-Time Service chemical fertilizer can bring many drawbacks, contaminated environment, destroys the ecological balance.
Simultaneously in fish culture process, some harmful bacterias being unfavorable for fish growth can be there are in water body, have a strong impact on the output of fish, so add a certain amount of beneficial bacterium in fish guano, can effective antagonism harmful bacteria, to fish growth with breed favourable.Current monistic compound fish guano can not be killed the harmful bacteria in fishpond, can not suppress the flourish of pathogen in water body, therefore, lacks the effect effectively prevented and treated fish disease.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical problem existed at present, a kind of microbial fish guano and preparation method thereof is provided, there is provided comprehensive nutrition can on the one hand the growth of fish, harmful bacteria in fishpond can be killed on the other hand, suppress the flourish of pathogen in water body, reduce the generation of disease, improve the yield and quality of fish.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A kind of microorganism nano controlled-release fish meal and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus subtilis bacteria powder 2-4 part, ferment bacterium 1-4 part, solid photosynthetic bacteria 0.5-0.9 part, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 0.8-1.2 part, vitamin additive 0.2-0.6 part, mineral matter additive 10-16 part, chelating agent 0.2-0.4 part, water hyacinth 60-80 part, South America wedelia chinensis 10-20 part, pharbitis nilChoisy 10-20 part, edible fungi residue 50-80 part, vinasse 100-110 part, fishbone dust 40-60 part, rice bran 70-80 part, brown sugar 10-16 part, nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part,
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(1) silicone hydroxyl apatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, stir 60 hours in 65 DEG C, filter, and wash the excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) of 3 removings with the hot ethanol of 60 DEG C of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, 60 DEG C of temperature dryings 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains a modified composite;
(2) by 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water mixing, more than 10 hours are stirred in temperature 50 C, in temperature 30 DEG C, first disperse 3.5 hours under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition.To filter, and with distilling washing 3 times, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (3) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed 60min at 600W power ultrasonic, be heated to 90 DEG C with constant temperature heating device, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain nano controlled-release carrier complexes.
Described vitamin additive component formula ratio is: vitamin A, C, E mix with the weight ratio of 2:3:5.
Described mineral matter additive is potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20-25%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 10-15%, ferrous sulfate 2-5%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, manganese sulfate 0.8-1%, borax 0.3-0.5%, cobaltous sulfate 0.03-0.06%, rare earth 0.2-0.6%, and all the other add salt to 100%.
Described chelating agent is that sodium humate and EDTA mix with the weight ratio of 1:1-2.
Comprise the following steps:
(1) first water hyacinth, South America wedelia chinensis, pharbitis nilChoisy, edible fungi residue, vinasse are dried in the sun to water content below 40%, then add fishbone dust, rice bran, brown sugar according to described ratio, fully stir, mix;
(2) in said mixture, add dissolved bacillus subtilis bacteria powder and ferment bacterium according to described ratio, then inserted in pond by above-mentioned substance and mix corruption and macerate, plastic sheeting on upper cap, carries out 3-5 days pre fermentation; Then plastic sheeting is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, gradually raised temperature, from normal temperature to 45 DEG C, keep continuing turning after 2-3 days, be then raised to 60 DEG C from 45 DEG C, the retention time is 3-5 days, then normal temperature is cooled the temperature to, keep 7-10 days, until slaking completely, ferment complete;
(3) solid photosynthetic bacteria, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio, nano controlled-release carrier are dissolved in water, join in said mixture, stir;
(4) by above-mentioned fermentate, in the sun air dry, moisture content of material is made to be less than 25%, then pulverize, pulverizing fineness is by without screen pulverizer, adds mineral matter additive, chelating agent and vitamin additive, mix and obtain microbial fish guano after pulverizing in material.
Described bacillus subtilis bacteria powder, ferment bacterium, solid photosynthetic bacteria, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio are all the finished products bought.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) with the addition of fish produce required for organic matter and inorganic mineral, trace element can provide comprehensive nutrition to the growth of fish;
(2) with the addition of bacillus subtilis, ferment bacterium and bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio, can the harmful bacteria in fishpond be killed, suppress the flourish of pathogen in water body, reduce the generation of disease, improve the yield and quality of fish;
(3) with the addition of solid photosynthetic bacteria, the noxious material such as nitrite, sulfide can degraded in water body, and the organic wastewater of high concentration can be restrained oneself, have the poisonous substance such as phenol, cyanogen and necessarily stand Sum decomposition ability, there is stronger decomposition and inversion ability, reduce the accumulation of noxious material in fish body;
(4) these mushrooms added, can continue breeding in water body, expand survival rate, the balance maintaining microorganisms in water is had a very important role, and microecological balance in adjustment fish body enteron aisle can be regulated, and can also the Harmful Residue in decomposer, strengthen fingerling premunition.Utilize hydroxyapatite etc. itself to have the character of loose structure, fertilizer components is adsorbed in the inner mesh of carrier, reach the object of slow releasing.Hydroxyapatite also has biodegradability properties, and gained catabolite is various trace elements ion, and these elements can be gradually resorbed.Nano controlled-release additive has good biocompatibility, gastrointestinal tract mucous compatibility, each component making it load has controlled-release function, all improve a lot through twice-modified nano-complex drugloading rate and adsorbance, fertilizer efficiency time lengthening more than 3 months, the increment of effective suppression animal pathogen, improves the benefit of the producer.
Detailed description of the invention
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
A kind of microorganism nano controlled-release fish meal and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus subtilis bacteria powder 2-4 part, ferment bacterium 1-4 part, solid photosynthetic bacteria 0.5-0.9 part, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 0.8-1.2 part, vitamin additive 0.2-0.6 part, mineral matter additive 10-16 part, chelating agent 0.2-0.4 part, water hyacinth 60-80 part, South America wedelia chinensis 10-20 part, pharbitis nilChoisy 10-20 part, edible fungi residue 50-80 part, vinasse 100-110 part, fishbone dust 40-60 part, rice bran 70-80 part, brown sugar 10-16 part, nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part,
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(1) silicone hydroxyl apatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, stir 60 hours in 65 DEG C, filter, and wash the excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) of 3 removings with the hot ethanol of 60 DEG C of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, 60 DEG C of temperature dryings 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains a modified composite;
(2) by 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water mixing, more than 10 hours are stirred in temperature 50 C, in temperature 30 DEG C, first disperse 3.5 hours under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition.To filter, and with distilling washing 3 times, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (3) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed 60min at 600W power ultrasonic, be heated to 90 DEG C with constant temperature heating device, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain nano controlled-release carrier complexes.
Described vitamin additive component formula ratio is: vitamin A, C, E mix with the weight ratio of 2:3:5.
Described mineral matter additive is potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20-25%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 10-15%, ferrous sulfate 2-5%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, manganese sulfate 0.8-1%, borax 0.3-0.5%, cobaltous sulfate 0.03-0.06%, rare earth 0.2-0.6%, and all the other add salt to 100%.
Described chelating agent is that sodium humate and EDTA mix with the weight ratio of 1:1-2.
Comprise the following steps:
(1) first water hyacinth, South America wedelia chinensis, pharbitis nilChoisy, edible fungi residue, vinasse are dried in the sun to water content below 40%, then add fishbone dust, rice bran, brown sugar according to described ratio, fully stir, mix;
(2) in said mixture, add dissolved bacillus subtilis bacteria powder and ferment bacterium according to described ratio, then inserted in pond by above-mentioned substance and mix corruption and macerate, plastic sheeting on upper cap, carries out 3-5 days pre fermentation; Then plastic sheeting is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, gradually raised temperature, from normal temperature to 45 DEG C, keep continuing turning after 2-3 days, be then raised to 60 DEG C from 45 DEG C, the retention time is 3-5 days, then normal temperature is cooled the temperature to, keep 7-10 days, until slaking completely, ferment complete;
(3) solid photosynthetic bacteria, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio, nano controlled-release carrier are dissolved in water, join in said mixture, stir;
(4) by above-mentioned fermentate, in the sun air dry, moisture content of material is made to be less than 25%, then pulverize, pulverizing fineness is by without screen pulverizer, adds mineral matter additive, chelating agent and vitamin additive, mix and obtain microbial fish guano after pulverizing in material.
Described bacillus subtilis bacteria powder, ferment bacterium, solid photosynthetic bacteria, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio are all the finished products bought.
The present invention is to the effect of silver carp fingerling growth then and qualitative effects
When Reservoir Water Quality transparency is 50-80cm, the juvenile stage that sashimi (raw fish) is long, fish is pulled out, dividing supports in the middle of five ponds, 200, every pond, throw in microbial fish guano and the (contrast 1 of common biological fish manure of embodiment of the present invention 1-3 respectively according to the injected volume of every mu of 200kg in four ponds, originate from Beijing Century AMMS Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), another one pond is not thrown in fish guano (contrast 2) but is thrown in the common fish food of same amount, remaining feeding amount is identical, culture environment is identical, through the cultivation of 2-3 month, contrast the upgrowth situation of its output and fish, add the quick growth that microorganism fertilizer of the present invention not only can promote fish, quality and the quality of fish can also be improved, but also the beneficial microbe in water body is increased, can the generation of effective preventing and curing of fish disease, it is a kind of cost-effective cultural method.Utilize hydroxyapatite etc. itself to have the character of loose structure, fertilizer components is adsorbed in the inner mesh of carrier, reach the object of slow releasing.Hydroxyapatite also has biodegradability properties, and gained catabolite is various trace elements ion, and these elements can be gradually resorbed.Nano controlled-release additive has good biocompatibility, gastrointestinal tract mucous compatibility, each component making it load has controlled-release function, all improve a lot through twice-modified nano-complex drugloading rate and adsorbance, fertilizer efficiency time lengthening more than 3 months, the increment of effective suppression animal pathogen, improves the benefit of the producer.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.