CN101225007B - Special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101225007B CN101225007B CN2008100468656A CN200810046865A CN101225007B CN 101225007 B CN101225007 B CN 101225007B CN 2008100468656 A CN2008100468656 A CN 2008100468656A CN 200810046865 A CN200810046865 A CN 200810046865A CN 101225007 B CN101225007 B CN 101225007B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a special biological fish fertilizer and a preparation method for the fertilizer used in aquiculture; wherein, the biological fish fertilizer mainly comprises raw materials as follows: microbiological preparation, inorganic fertilizers, fermentation organics, micro-mineral amino acid chelate, mineral composites, and water quality improver. The preparation method for the special biological fish fertilizer in aquiculture comprises steps as follows: microbiological preparation is produced; fermentation organics is then produced, and the micro-mineral amino acid chelate is produced, eventually the finished products are made. The special biological fish fertilizer has the advantages of limiting the growth and reproduction of the harmful algae, promoting the large-scale growth and reproduction of the suitable food for fish, effectively improving the water quality and purifying the water environment, strengthening the fish immunity, reducing the diseases, reducing cost due to the small use level, convenient use, mild odor, no pollution to the water, and environment protection. By combining the modern bioengineering technique, low-temperature drying technique, spray-drying technique, and super-fine crushing techniques, the preparation method has the advantages of stable quality for the fish fertilizers and lower overall cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture, also relate to a kind of preparation method of biological fish-fertilizer simultaneously.This biological fish-fertilizer is a kind of fishing fertilizer of high-efficiency environment friendly, is applicable to variegated carp, silver carp, tilapia, crucian, eel, silver xenocypris fish, bream, various shrimps, shellfish culture, various aquatic economic plants plantations, and each cultured fishes, shrimp crab class seed produce; Suitable waters comprises various aquaculture wateies such as swing in cultivating pool, lake, reservoir, river, beach, small-sized culture of ornamental fish pond.
Background technology
Existing at present in culture fishery used fertilizer mainly be three major types, promptly traditional fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, a kind of being referred to as " ferment fungi biological organic fish guano ".Traditional fertilizer has its advantage, but fertilizer efficiency is slow, and the process of being utilized by planktonic organism is longer, and consumes a large amount of oxygen in the water body in decomposing mineralisation process, and this is unfavorable to growths such as fish; Simultaneously, in most of the cases, utilising efficiency is low, causes water pollution easily; In addition, organic fish guano should be made base manure, and is mainly used in the Winter-Spring water temperature than low season.Though inorganic fertilizer comes rapidly fertile, function is also comparatively single, uses a series of problems such as quality of bringing environment, water quality and fishery products in a large number.Name is called " a kind of organic type efficient guano " (the Chinese patent application publication number is CN1480029A) and is called " a kind of inorganic type efficient guano " (the Chinese patent application publication number is CN1480030A) and just belongs to traditional single type fish guano.Except that the fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer of simple function, from last century the eighties also begin to promote " rational application of fertilizers ", i.e. " composite organic-inorganic fertilizer ", though composite fertilizer has absorbed the advantage of single fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer two aspects, their shortcoming is not fine to be overcome.Existing single type fish guano and compound fish guano also have a common shortcoming, and that is exactly not take into full account the chemical property of water body and the nutritional needs of fish and biological feed thereof, and the proportioning of macroelement and trace element is unreasonable; Do not add probiotic bacterium simultaneously, do not make full use of the ecological circulation self-purification function of natural circulation biological in the water body and performance water body.Prior art also discloses " high-performance bio fertilizer formula and manufacture method " (the Chinese patent application publication number is CN1238321A) by name, though also contain a spot of beneficial microorganism, but do not allocate the technical scheme of inorganic fertilizer and trace element into, its technical purpose clearly is to satisfy different crops and all kinds of plant desired nutritional composition.Also have a kind of disclosed " ferment fungi biological organic fish guano and production method thereof " (the Chinese patent application publication number is CN1757616), though contain microorganism and organism such as enzymatic microorganism, material such as inorganic fertilizer and trace element, but its nutritive element proportioning is not considered the influence to various nutritive element utilization ratios of the composition of fish and the various nutritive elements of food organism itself thereof and water body environment, that is added is micro-single, and consumption is excessive, the adding proportion of any nutritive element all has bound in fact, crossing low or too highly all can influence its utilising efficiency, excessive microelement particularly, not only can suppress hydrobiont absorbing to macronutrient, also can produce toxic action to hydrobiont, suppress its growth, the polluted-water environment influences the food safeties of fish; Simultaneously, do not have micronizing in its production process, this can influence the solubility property of fertilizer and the utilization ratio of its food organism of fish; Only the concept nature material is set adding proportion, do not had the adding proportion of concrete material, more do not had the proportioning of concrete effective nutritive element, lacked operability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture, take into full account the trophic component characteristics of fish and food organism thereof self, nutritional needs characteristics and water body environment influence factor, the comprehensive utilization macronutrient, trace element, microbial preparation, compound many ore deposits and improver of water quality are to the influence of hydrobiont growth and water body environment, after making fishing fertilizer apply water body, can satisfy the nutritional requirement that fish growth is grown, improved water quality simultaneously, improved water body environment, improved fish immunity power, reduced the disease generation, when having increased fish output, improve the fish quality.
Another object of the present invention is the preparation method who has been to provide a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture: preparation process merges modern biotechnology, cryodrying technology, spray drying technology, superfine communication technique etc. in one, easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, fishing fertilizer product steady quality, comprehensive cost is lower.
A kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture technical scheme provided by the present invention is: a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture, effective constituent is composed as follows by weight in 100 parts of finished products: contain 14～43 parts in available nitrogen phosphorus in 50～80 parts of the inorganic fertilizers), Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES wherein: nitrogen is 1: 0.25～1.75, contain organic 8～31 parts in 10～35 parts of the fermented organics, 0.1～1.5 part of trace element, 1～10 part of microbial preparation, 0.5～2.5 part in compound many ore deposits, 0.1～2.5 part of improver of water quality.
Described available nitrogen phosphorus derives from inorganic fertilizer, comprises urea, ammonium sulfate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre, ammonium humate, ammonium chloride, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described organic matter derives from fermentation grouts, vinasse, agricultural crop straw, feces of livestock and poultry agricultural byproducts a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described trace element is a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein such as manganese, molybdenum, cobalt, copper, iron, zinc, titanium and boron, silicon, the selenium of composite aminoacid chelating;
Described microbial preparation comprises genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria, aspergillus, photosynthetic bacterium, yeast a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described compound many ore deposits comprise modified zeolite, modification medical stone, modified alta-mud a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described improver of water quality comprises Sodium salts humic acids, turfy soil, calcium chloride, and the biological fish-fertilizer VB of algae such as promoting diatom, latent algae, bacterial growth
2, VB
6, VB
12, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, nitrophenol potassium, 5 nitroguaiacol sodium, Sodium p-nitrophenoxide a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein.
Special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture production method of the present invention comprises the steps:
The production of A, microbial preparation
A) bacterial classification: subtilis, aspergillus, milk-acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacterium, yeast bacterial classification carry out bacterial classification optimization to be cultivated, and selects healthy and strong bacterial strain as first class inoculum; All bacterial classifications are available from Microbe Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences bacterial classification center;
B) batching: the different strain substratum is prepared burden: bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium-wheat bran, nutritive element, water 50% is regulated pH to 7.0; Aspergillus substratum-wheat bran, nutritive element, water 50% is regulated pH to 7.0; Milk-acid bacteria substratum-yeast extract paste, molasses, water 95% is regulated pH to 7.0; Photosynthetic bacteria culture medium-sodium acetate, ammonium chloride, yeast extract paste, VITAMIN is regulated pH to 7.0; Microzyme culture medium-molasses, yeast extract paste is regulated pH to 7.0;
C) sterilization: bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium, aspergillus substratum, milk-acid bacteria substratum, photosynthetic bacteria culture medium, microzyme culture medium are sterilized respectively, kill assorted bacterium, sterilising conditions is 121 ℃, steam sterilizing 30 minutes, and all medium sterilization conditions are the same;
D) inoculation: with bacterial classification inoculation to each self-corresponding substratum: subtilis-inoculum size is 1% of a bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium; Aspergillus-inoculum size is 1% of an aspergillus substratum; Milk-acid bacteria-inoculum size is 0.5～1% of a milk-acid bacteria substratum; Photosynthetic bacterium-inoculum size is 5～10% of a photosynthetic bacteria culture medium; Yeast-inoculum size is 1% of a microzyme culture medium;
E) solid fermentation, liquid fermenting: subtilis and aspergillus carry out solid fermentation; Milk-acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacterium, the fermentation of yeast liquid are adsorbed as sorbent material with the peat composed of rotten mosses behind the liquid fermenting;
F) drying: tunning is carried out drying, the convection drying of solid fermentation under 18～45 ℃; The product to after the absorption of liquid fermenting carries out drying, is dried to moisture content less than 10%;
G) pulverize: dried product is pulverized, be crushed to 80 orders;
H) detect: the product after pulverizing is detected with reference to the correlated quality standard;
I) finished product warehouse-in: detect qualified product as the former powder warehouse-in of bacterial classification.
B, the organic production of fermentation
A) batching: prepare burden according to ratio: organic matter raw material and 50% water mixing, pH is the nature value;
B) inoculation: activation microbial preparation bacterial classification is inoculated on the organism for preparing by organic 5～10%;
C) fermentation culture: under 32～37 ℃, carried out fermentation culture .48 hour, during stirring 2 times;
D) drying: under 18～45 ℃ the organism that ferments is dried or dried, dry back moisture content is less than 5%;
E) pulverize: dried product is pulverized, be crushed to 80 orders;
F) detect: the product after pulverizing is detected with reference to the correlated quality standard;
G) finished product warehouse-in: detect qualified product and put in storage as the fermented organic finished product.
The production of C, composite aminoacid chelating microelement
A) batching: aminoacids complex is dissolved in the water, regulates pH, add trace compound in the ratio of amino acid and micro-mol ratio 1: 1.2～1.5 to neutral;
B) chelatropic reaction: after the stirring and dissolving, be warming up to 80～85 ℃ with steam, insulation reaction 5 hours is reduced to the room temperature discharging again;
C) spraying drying: the chelatropic reaction product is by spraying drying, and dry back moisture content is less than 5%;
D) detect: detect with reference to the correlated quality standard;
E) finished product warehouse-in: detect qualified product and put in storage as the composite aminoacid chelating microelement finished product.
The production of D, finished product
A) batching: set different D according to water quality, E, the K value is at the addition that calculates microbial preparation finished product, fermented organic finished product, composite aminoacid chelating microelement finished product, compound many ore deposits, special water quality modifying agent, inorganic fertilizer in conjunction with raw material according to system of equations (I); Prepare burden according to addition;
It is A that preparation M part aquatic products special biological fish-fertilizer contains N raw material addition
1, A
2, A
3A
nPart, the N content of each raw material correspondence is a
1, a
2, a
3A
nThe addition that contains the P raw material is B
1, B
2, B
3B
nPart, the P of each raw material correspondence
2O
5Content is b
1, b
2, b
3B
nThe addition that contains organic raw material is C
1, C
2, C
3C
nPart, the organic content of each raw material correspondence is c
1, c
2, c
3C
nThe addition of microbial preparation is m
1Part; The addition of composite trace element is m
2Part; The addition in compound many ore deposits is m
3Part; The addition of improver of water quality is m
4Part; According to total available nitrogen phosphorus content in water quality situation setting M part aquatic products special biological fish-fertilizer is D part, and organic content is E part, P
2O
5: N=1: K, then the addition of various raw materials can be obtained by following system of equations (I):
Wherein: the umber of M=finished product aquatic products special bio fertilizer; The umber of the total available nitrogen phosphorus of D=; The umber of E=organic matter;
Every part of P of K=
2O
5The umber of corresponding N;
m
1The interpolation umber of=microbial preparation; m
2The interpolation umber of=composite trace element; m
3The interpolation umber in=compound many ore deposits; m
4The interpolation umber of=improver of water quality;
Ai=contains the interpolation umber of N raw material; Ai=contains the N content of N raw material correspondence;
Bj=contains the interpolation umber of P raw material; Bj=contains the P of P raw material correspondence
2O
5Content;
Cl=contains the interpolation umber of organic raw material; c
1=contain the organic content of organic raw material correspondence;
N=contains the N raw material, contains the P raw material and contains the interpolation kind number of organic raw material.
Can set different available nitrogen phosphorus content D, organic content E, P according to different condition of water quality
2O
5: N ratio 1: K, simultaneously in conjunction with cost of material and cost keeping decision interpolation raw material type, the adding proportion of the various different materials of obtaining by system of equations (I).To different water quality, corresponding different biological fish-fertilizer technical schemes see table 1 for details.
B) mixing and pulverizing: confected materials is carried out thorough mixing and pulverizing; Be crushed to 80 orders;
C) sieve: the mixing raw material that crushes is carried out sub-sieve, and what can pass through 80 mesh sieve is the granularity of composite demand;
D) check: test according to the correlated quality standard;
E) metering packing: different finished products packing specifications is on request carried out metering packing;
F) finished product warehouse-in: be up to the standards, the finished product warehouse-in of Proper Packing.
The present invention compares with the various fishing fertilizer that use in the past, has following outstanding advantage:
1. various nutritive element proportioning science have effectively improved the utilization ratio of various nutritive elements;
2. the growth and breeding that has suppressed harmful algae has promoted the raised growth breeding of the agreeable to the taste bait of fish;
3. microbial preparation and improver of water quality are effectively improved water quality and purifying water body environment, suppress unwanted bacteria, parasitic breeding, improve fish body immunizing power, reduce disease and take place;
4. small protein, little peptide, the amino acid of organic matter fermentation generation can directly be absorbed by fish;
5. biological fish-fertilizer dissolved water layer just in time is the water layer (euphotic layer) that planktonic organism distributes, and can be utilized by planktonic organism fully, and consumption is few, saves cost;
6. adopted superfine communication technique, increased absorbing of solubility property and food organism greatly, cut the waste, reduced cost, consumption is few, and is easy to use, the smell gentleness, and polluted-water not, at the bottom of the pond of not hardening, Product Green, environmental protection, efficient;
7.0.5 a jin biological fish-fertilizer 1～1.5 jin of fish that can grow, and 1.5～3 jin of mixed feeds, the 1 jin of fish that could grow, so use biological fish-fertilizer to save feed greatly and plant the required arable land of feedstuff raw material.
The advantage of production method of the present invention is: preparation process merges modern biotechnology, cryodrying technology, spray drying technology, superfine communication technique and one, fishing fertilizer product steady quality, and comprehensive cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of microbial preparation process flow sheet.
Fig. 2 is the fermented organic process flow sheet.
Fig. 3 is an aminoacid chelating microelement preparation technology schema.
Fig. 4 is the biological fish manure process flow sheet.
Embodiment
The embodiment 1 of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture of the present invention:
A kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture technical scheme provided by the present invention is: a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture (preparation by weight), comprise that effective constituent by weight is as follows in 100 parts of finished products: contain 14～43 parts in available nitrogen phosphorus in 50～80 parts of the inorganic fertilizers, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES wherein: nitrogen is 1: 0.25～1.75, contain organic 8～31 parts in 10～35 parts of the fermented organics, 0.1～1.5 part of trace element, 1～10 part of microbial preparation, 0.5～2.5 part in compound many ore deposits, 0.1～2.5 part of improver of water quality.
Described available nitrogen phosphorus derives from inorganic fertilizer, comprises urea, ammonium sulfate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre, ammonium humate, ammonium chloride, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described organic matter derives from fermentation grouts, vinasse, agricultural crop straw, feces of livestock and poultry agricultural byproducts a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described trace element is a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein such as manganese, molybdenum, cobalt, copper, iron, zinc, titanium and boron, silicon, the selenium of composite aminoacid chelating;
Described microbial preparation comprises genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria, aspergillus, photosynthetic bacterium, yeast a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described compound many ore deposits comprise modified zeolite, modification medical stone, modified alta-mud a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described improver of water quality comprises Sodium salts humic acids, turfy soil, calcium chloride, and the biological fish-fertilizer VB of algae such as promoting diatom, latent algae, bacterial growth
2, VB
6, VB
12, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, nitrophenol potassium, 5 nitroguaiacol sodium, Sodium p-nitrophenoxide a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein.
The production method of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture production method embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps:
The production of A, microbial preparation (as can be known) according to Fig. 1
A) bacterial classification: subtilis, aspergillus, milk-acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacterium, yeast bacterial classification carry out bacterial classification optimization to be cultivated, and selects healthy and strong bacterial strain as first class inoculum; All bacterial classifications are available from Microbe Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences bacterial classification center;
B) batching: the different strain substratum is prepared burden: bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium-wheat bran, nutritive element, water 50% is regulated pH to 7.0; Aspergillus substratum-wheat bran, nutritive element, water 50% is regulated pH to 7.0; Milk-acid bacteria substratum-yeast extract paste, molasses, water 95% is regulated pH to 7.0; Photosynthetic bacteria culture medium-sodium acetate, ammonium chloride, yeast extract paste, VITAMIN is regulated pH to 7.0; Microzyme culture medium-molasses, yeast extract paste is regulated pH to 7.0;
C) sterilization: bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium, aspergillus substratum, milk-acid bacteria substratum, photosynthetic bacteria culture medium, microzyme culture medium are sterilized respectively, kill assorted bacterium, sterilising conditions is 121 ℃, steam sterilizing 30 minutes, and all medium sterilization conditions are the same;
D) inoculation: with bacterial classification inoculation to each self-corresponding substratum: subtilis-inoculum size is 1% of a bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium; Aspergillus-inoculum size is 1% of an aspergillus substratum; Milk-acid bacteria-inoculum size is 0.5～1% of a milk-acid bacteria substratum; Photosynthetic bacterium-inoculum size is 5～10% of a photosynthetic bacteria culture medium; Yeast-inoculum size is 1% of a microzyme culture medium;
E) solid fermentation, liquid fermenting: subtilis and aspergillus carry out solid fermentation; Milk-acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacterium, the fermentation of yeast liquid are adsorbed as sorbent material with the peat composed of rotten mosses behind the liquid fermenting;
F) drying: tunning is carried out drying, the convection drying of solid fermentation under 18～45 ℃; The product to after the absorption of liquid fermenting carries out drying, is dried to moisture content less than 10%;
G) pulverize: dried product is pulverized, be crushed to 80 orders;
H) detect: the product after pulverizing is detected with reference to the correlated quality standard;
I) finished product warehouse-in: detect qualified product as the former powder warehouse-in of bacterial classification.
B, the organic production (as can be known) of fermentation according to Fig. 2
A) batching: prepare burden according to ratio: organic matter raw material and 50% water mixing, pH is the nature value;
B) inoculation: activation microbial preparation bacterial classification is inoculated on the organism for preparing by organic 5～10%;
C) fermentation culture: under 32～37 ℃, carried out fermentation culture .48 hour, during stirring 2 times;
D) drying: under 18～45 ℃ the organism that ferments is carried out drying or dry, dry back moisture content is less than 5%;
E) pulverize: dried product is pulverized, be crushed to 80 orders;
F) detect: the product after pulverizing is detected with reference to the correlated quality standard;
G) finished product warehouse-in: detect qualified product and put in storage as the fermented organic finished product.
The production of C, composite aminoacid chelating microelement (as can be known) according to Fig. 3
A) batching: aminoacids complex is dissolved in the water, regulates pH, add trace compound in the ratio of amino acid and micro-mol ratio 1: 1.2～1.5 to neutral;
B) chelatropic reaction: after the stirring and dissolving, be warming up to 80～85 ℃ with steam, insulation reaction 5 hours is reduced to the room temperature discharging again;
C) spraying drying: the chelatropic reaction product is by spraying drying, and dry back moisture content is less than 5%;
D) detect: detect with reference to the correlated quality standard;
E) finished product warehouse-in: detect qualified product and put in storage as the composite aminoacid chelating microelement finished product.
The production of D, finished product (as can be known) according to Fig. 4
A) batching: set different D according to water quality, E, the K value is at the addition that calculates microbial preparation finished product, fermented organic finished product, composite aminoacid chelating microelement finished product, compound many ore deposits, special water quality modifying agent, inorganic fertilizer in conjunction with raw material according to system of equations (I); Prepare burden according to addition;
It is A that preparation M part aquatic products special biological fish-fertilizer contains N raw material addition
1, A
2, A
3A
nPart, the N content of each raw material correspondence is a
1, a
2, a
3A
nThe addition that contains the P raw material is B
1, B
2, B
3B
nPart, the P of each raw material correspondence
2O
5Content is b
1, b
2, b
3B
nThe addition that contains organic raw material is C
1, C
2, C
3C
nPart, the organic content of each raw material correspondence is c
1, c
2, c
3C
nThe addition of microbial preparation is m
1Part; The addition of composite trace element is m
2Part; The addition in compound many ore deposits is m
3Part; The addition of improver of water quality is m
4Part; According to total available nitrogen phosphorus content in water quality situation setting M part aquatic products special biological fish-fertilizer is D part, and organic content is E part, P
2O
5: N=1: K, then the addition of various raw materials can be obtained by following system of equations (I):
Wherein: the umber of M=finished product aquatic products special bio fertilizer;
The umber of the total available nitrogen phosphorus of D=;
The umber of E=organic matter;
Every part of P of K=
2O
5The umber of corresponding N;
m
1The interpolation umber of=microbial preparation;
m
2The interpolation umber of=composite trace element;
m
3The interpolation umber in=compound many ore deposits;
m
4The interpolation umber of=improver of water quality;
Ai=contains the interpolation umber of N raw material;
Ai=contains the N content of N raw material correspondence;
Bj=contains the interpolation umber of P raw material;
Bj=contains the P of P raw material correspondence
2O
5Content;
Cl=contains the interpolation umber of organic raw material;
c
1=contain the organic content of organic raw material correspondence;
N=contains the N raw material, contains the P raw material and contains the interpolation kind number of organic raw material.
Can set different available nitrogen phosphorus content D, organic content E, P according to different condition of water quality
2O
5: N ratio 1: K, simultaneously by cost of material and cost keeping decision interpolation raw material type, the adding proportion of the various different materials of obtaining by system of equations (I).To different water quality, corresponding different biological fish-fertilizer technical schemes see table 1 for details.
Table 1 requires the biological fish-fertilizer technical scheme of setting according to different quality
| In the corresponding different mass ratio (Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: nitrogen) of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES | 1∶0.25-0.75 | 1∶0.75-1.25 | 1∶1.25-1.75 | |
| Technical scheme 1-3 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | 14-19％ |
| Organic | 8-13％ | 8-13％ | 8-13％ | |
| Technical scheme 4-6 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | 20-25％ |
| Organic | 8-13％ | 8-13％ | 8-13％ | |
| Technical scheme 7-9 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | 26-31％ |
| Organic | 8-13％ | 8-13％ | 8-13％ | |
| Technical scheme 10-12 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 32-37％ | 32-37％ | 32-37％ |
| Organic | 8-13％ | 8-13％ | 8-13％ | |
| Technical scheme 13-15 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 38-43％ | 38-43％ | 38-43％ |
| Organic | 8-13％ | 8-13％ | 8-13％ | |
| Technical scheme 16-18 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | 14-19％ |
| Organic | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | |
| Technical scheme 19-21 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | 20-25％ |
| Organic | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | |
| Technical scheme 22-24 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | 26-31％ |
| Organic | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | |
| Technical scheme 25-27 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 32-37％ | 32-37％ | 32-37％ |
| Organic | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | |
| Technical scheme 28-30 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 38-43％ | 38-43％ | 38-43％ |
| Organic | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | |
| Technical scheme 31-33 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | 14-19％ |
| Organic | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | |
| Technical scheme 34-36 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | 20-25％ |
| Organic | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | |
| Technical scheme 37-39 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | 26-31％ |
| Organic | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | |
| Technical scheme 40-42 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 32-37％ | 32-37％ | 32-37％ |
| Organic | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | |
| Technical scheme 43-45 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 38-43％ | 38-43％ | 38-43％ |
| Organic | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | |
| Technical scheme 46-48 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 14-19％ | 14-19％ | 14-19％ |
| Organic | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | |
| Technical scheme 49-51 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 20-25％ | 20-25％ | 20-25％ |
| Organic | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | |
| Technical scheme 52-54 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | 26-31％ |
| Organic | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | |
| Technical scheme 55-57 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 32-37％ | 32-37％ | 32-37％ |
| Organic | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | |
| Technical scheme 58-60 | Total available nitrogen phosphorus | 37％-43％ | 37％-43％ | 37％-43％ |
| Organic | 26-31％ | 26-31％ | 26-31％ |
Each proportioning raw materials of a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture is for example as table 2 (weight part).
The part special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture formulation examples that table 2 composite water quality situation and raw materials cost calculate according to system of equations I
| Microbial preparation | Fermented organic (containing organic E) | Inorganic fertilizer (containing available nitrogen phosphorus D) | Compound many ore deposits | Improver of water quality | Chelated microelement | P 2O 5: N ratio 1: K | |
| 1 | 5.0 | 25.5(18.3) | 67.5(27.3) | 0.5 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 1∶0.45 |
| 2 | 7.1 | 19.9(15.4) | 70.0(28.5) | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 1∶0.71 |
| 3 | 4.5 | 15.5(10.6) | 77.7(30.2) | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1∶0.55 |
| 4 | 6.7 | 24.6(20.1) | 65.8(25.4) | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 1∶1.05 |
| 5 | 8.2 | 31.0(25.2) | 58.3(20.2) | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1∶0.65 |
| 6 | 5.6 | 21.3(16.6) | 70.95(31.6) | 0.55 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1∶0.8 |
| 7 | 6.4 | 25.6(20.7) | 66.0(26.8) | 0.6 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 1∶0.40 |
| 8 | 5.8 | 20.1(16.8) | 70.5(29.8) | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1∶0.58 |
| 9 | 6.1 | 18.7(13.5) | 73.1(34.6) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 1∶0.52 |
| 10 | 5.0 | 29.8(26.3) | 63.4(18.5) | 0.5 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 1∶0.84 |
More than 10 specific exampless calculate according to system of equations I in conjunction with different fertilizer raw material and water quality situation.To different water quality situations, can set different available nitrogen phosphorus content D, organic content E and P
2O
5: N ratio 1: K, be combined into this analysis again, select different raw materials to form, can calculate the concrete prescription of needed special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture according to system of equations I.
B) mixing and pulverizing: confected materials is carried out thorough mixing and pulverizing; Be crushed to 80 orders;
C) sieve: the mixing raw material that crushes is carried out sub-sieve, and what can pass through 80 mesh sieve is the granularity of composite demand;
D) check: test according to the correlated quality standard;
E) metering packing: different finished products packing specifications is on request carried out metering packing;
F) finished product warehouse-in: be up to the standards, the finished product warehouse-in of Proper Packing.
Culture experiment and effect:
The fertile finished product of producing by above-mentioned specific embodiment of fishing applies in the aquaculture water in a usual manner, and fishing fertilizer of the present invention is soaked in water and is diluted to uniform solution, evenly is spilled into.It is as follows to survey concrete effect:
1, the growth and breeding that has effectively suppressed harmful algae promotes the raised growth breeding of the agreeable to the taste bait of fish.Different planktonic nutritional needss are variant, reasonably the nutritive element proportioning not only can promote planktonic raised growth breeding, the growth and breeding that also can suppress harmful algae promotes the agreeable to the taste bait raised growth breeding of fish, and the planktonic dominant population that changes water body is formed.We have carried out one month experiment by a definite date in September, 2005～October, in the close enclosure of starting condition, use carbon ammonium+phosphate fertilizer+muck, carbon ammonium+phosphate fertilizer, chemical fertilizer+phosphate fertilizer and biological fish-fertilizer respectively, every kind of fertilizer is done three groups of repetitions, by water phytoplankton in the experimentation is carried out qualitative and quantitative analysis, draw following result, concrete outcome sees Table 3, table 4:
Table 3 special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture is to the influence of plant plankton
| Fertilizer type and each consumption | Before the fertilising | After the fertilising | ||||||||||
| Ten thousand/L of total biomass | Blue-green algae % | Green alga % | Latent algae % | Diatom % | Euglena % | Ten thousand/L of total biomass | Blue-green algae % | Green alga % | Latent algae % | Diatom % | Euglena % | |
| Carbon ammonium 9.23kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 4.13kg/ mu+muck 5.0kg/ mu | 2509 | 31.2 | 27.3 | 23.4 | 12.9 | 5.1 | 3952 | 35.6 | 27.5 | 25.0 | 10.1 | 1.8 |
| Carbon ammonium 10.23kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 5.13kg/ mu | 2478 | 31.1 | 27.2 | 23.6 | 13.1 | 5.0 | 3382 | 34.3 | 28.2 | 23.0 | 11.3 | 3.2 |
| Urea 3.20kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 6.40kg/ mu | 2556 | 30.8 | 27.1 | 22.9 | 13.3 | 5.9 | 4274 | 30.8 | 29.7 | 26.5 | 10.4 | 2.6 |
| Biological fish-fertilizer 2.0kg/ mu | 2528 | 31.3 | 26.9 | 23.1 | 12.0 | 6.7 | 5986 | 19.8 | 20.6 | 39.5 | 16.2 | 3.9 |
As known from Table 3, special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture obviously is better than other fertilizer to the phytoplankton growth facilitation effect, can adjust the proportion of composing of different plant planktons simultaneously, makes the agreeable to the taste bait raised growth breeding of fish.
Table 4 special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture is to the influence of zooplankton
| Fertilizer type and each consumption | Before the fertilising | After the fertilising | ||||||||||||
| Total biomass/L | Protozoon % | Wheel echiuran % | Cladocera % | Nauplius larva % | Wise man water flea % | Cyclop % | Total biomass/L | Protozoon % | Wheel echiuran % | Cladocera % | Nauplius larva % | Wise man water flea % | Cyclop % | |
| Carbon ammonium 9.23kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 4.13kg/ mu+muck 5.0kg/ mu | 1109 | 40.2 | 27.5 | 13.6 | 14.5 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2986 | 42.1 | 26.6 | 14.5 | 12.2 | 2.2 | 2.4 |
| Carbon ammonium 10.23kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 5.13kg/ mu | 1112 | 41.3 | 26.6 | 12.8 | 14.9 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 3125 | 43.2 | 25.1 | 13.9 | 12.0 | 2.5 | 3.3 |
| Urea 3.20kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 6.40kg/ mu | 1098 | 41.2 | 27.2 | 13.5 | 14.3 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 3209 | 42.5 | 27.1 | 13.2 | 12.7 | 2.3 | 2.2 |
| Biological fish-fertilizer 2.0kg/ mu | 1086 | 40.9 | 26.9 | 13.1 | 14.8 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 3976 | 41.9 | 27.8 | 14.1 | 12.9 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
Special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture to the growth of zooplankton also clearly as known from Table 4.
2, probiotics and special water quality modifying agent can quicken the material cycle of water body, decompose the part objectionable impurities, quicken the self-cleaning of water body, improvement water quality and water body environment.Probiotics can decompose organic substances such as planktonic organism corpse in the water body, fishes and shrimps ight soil, quickens the water body material cycle, also can effectively reduce water body
Nitrate and ammonia-state nitrogen amount.We have carried out the experiment of a by a definite date in September, 2005～10, in the close enclosure of starting condition, use carbon ammonium+phosphate fertilizer+muck, carbon ammonium+phosphate fertilizer, chemical fertilizer+phosphate fertilizer and biological fish-fertilizer respectively, every kind of fertilizer is done three groups of repetitions, by the every index of water body in the experimentation is measured, draw following result, concrete outcome sees Table 5:
Table 5 is used the water quality condition after the different fertilizer
| Fertilizer type and each consumption | Before the fertilising | After applying fertilizer 3 days for the first time | After applying fertilizer 3 days for the second time | ||||||||||||
| pH | Dissolved oxygen | Nitrite | Ammonia nitrogen | Transparency | pH | Dissolved oxygen | Nitrite | Ammonia nitrogen | Transparency | pH | Dissolved oxygen | Nitrite | Ammonia nitrogen | Transparency | |
| Carbon ammonium 9.23kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 4.13kg/ mu+muck 5.0kg/ mu | 8.0 | 6.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 48 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 37 | 9.0 | 8.3 | 0.15 | 0.6 | 35 |
| Carbon ammonium 10.23kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 5.13kg/ mu | 8.1 | 6.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 47 | 9.0 | 8.2 | 0.15 | 0.6 | 39 | 9.1 | 8.2 | 0.20 | 0.65 | 38 |
| Urea 3.20kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 6.40kg/ mu | 8.1 | 5.9 | 0.09 | 0.1 | 48 | 8.6 | 8.4 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 38 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 0.1 | 0.55 | 35 |
| Biological fish-fertilizer 2.0kg/ mu | 8.0 | 6.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 47.5 | 8.0 | 9.5 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 29 | 8.2 | 9.8 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 30 |
Remarks: the unit of dissolved oxygen, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen is mg/L, and transparency unit is cm.
As can be seen from Table 5, in using the water body of biological fish-fertilizer, the pH rangeability is little, and nitrite and ammonia-nitrogen content obviously reduce, and transparency change is more obvious, and this variation with the planktonic amount that we detect is consistent.
3, the proportioning of science has strengthened the immunizing power of fish body, reduces disease, improves the output of fish, improves flesh quality.Nutritive element proportioning science has satisfied the demand of growing of fish body, makes fish physically fit, and immunizing power improves, and has reduced the generation of disease; Probiotics breeding in a large number in water body has simultaneously suppressed harmful pathogen growth, has also reduced the disease generation.Also guaranteed the flesh of fish local flavor when reasonably the nutritive element proportioning has guaranteed fish output.
4, superfine communication technique and fertilizer mainly are dissolved in planktonic organism branch water distribution layer (euphotic layer), have improved fertilizer utilization ratio, and consumption is few, and is easy to use, save cost, the culture benefit height.The fertilizer that applies water body will change into the fish weightening finish, and the overwhelming majority will be passed through the conversion of biologic chain: fertilizer → planktonic organism → fish.Whether rationally can fertilizer be made full use of by planktonic organism, except the proportioning of each nutritive element the science, also depend on the solvability and the dissolving water layer of fertilizer, preferably solubility property and reasonably the dissolving water layer be the prerequisite that planktonic organism makes full use of.Superfine communication technique and part fertilizer additive have guaranteed the solubility property and the dissolving water layer of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture, use less consumption can promote that also fish grow fast.We have carried out one month experiment by a definite date in May, 2005～June, in the close enclosure of starting condition, use carbon ammonium+phosphate fertilizer, chemical fertilizer+phosphate fertilizer and biological fish-fertilizer respectively, every kind of fertilizer is done three groups of repetitions, the silver carp of experiment usefulness, bighead kind are available near fishing ground, the average specification of silver carp kind is the 105g/ tail, and the average specification of bighead kind is the 50g/ tail.Before putting in a suitable place to breed, fingerling is earlier through supporting temporarily and disinfecting, treat the fish body recover normal after, carry out the branch enclosure on September 2nd, 2003 and put in a suitable place to breed, each enclosure is thrown in silver carp 8 tails, flathead 5 tails, when experiment finished to October 2, pulls out and weighs, concrete outcome sees table 6 for details.
Table 6 different fertilizer is to the influence of fish bulk-growth situation
| Fertilizer type and each consumption | Before the fertilising | When experiment finishes | ||||||||||
| Variegated carp | Silver carp | Flower silver carp gross weight (g) | Variegated carp | Silver carp | Variegated carp total augment weight (g) | Silver carp total augment weight (g) | Flower silver carp total augment weight (g) | |||||
| Specification (g/ tail) | Gross weight (g) | Specification (g/ tail) | Gross weight (g) | Specification (g/ tail) | Gross weight (g) | Specification (g/ tail) | Gross weight (g) | |||||
| Carbon ammonium 9.23kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 4.13kg/ mu+muck 5.0kg/ mu | 50 | 250 | 105 | 840 | 1090 | 136 | 680 | 231 | 1848 | 430 | 1008 | 1438 |
| Carbon ammonium 10.23kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 5.13kg/ mu | 50 | 250 | 105 | 840 | 1090 | 115 | 575 | 226 | 1808 | 325 | 968 | 1293 |
| Urea 3.20kg/ mu+phosphate fertilizer 6.40kg/ mu | 50 | 250 | 105 | 840 | 1090 | 135 | 675 | 245 | 1960 | 425 | 1120 | 1545 |
| Biological fish-fertilizer 2.0kg/ mu | 50 | 250 | 105 | 840 | 1090 | 186 | 930 | 295 | 2360 | 680 | 1520 | 2200 |
Culture application example
Hunan Dongting Aquaculture Co., Ltd., externally bid aquatic products on probation was special-purpose fertile in 2006, and through screening, the fertile manufacturer of four tame fishing such as selected Wuhan Ke Yang biotechnology company limited is unit on probation.From year August in July, 2006 to 2006,0.6 jin of the variegated carp monthly average net gain of 2.4 jin/tail of the selected water body contract requirement of Wuhan Ke Yang biotechnology company limited.On July 15th, 2006 drew a design, and came into effect the scheme that Wuhan technical division of Ke Yang biotechnology company limited provides on July 18, and use section ocean silver carp flathead is strong, and on August 18th, 2006, the monthly average net gain was 0.94 jin.Result of use obviously is better than other three producers, is subjected to the consistent favorable comment of applying unit and relevant fisheries expert.
Hubei rising sun light reservoir, 800 mu of areas are put flower silver carp 5.5 ten thousand tails in January, 2006 in a suitable place to breed, 1.5 jin/tail of silver carp wherein, 1.8 jin/tail of variegated carp.2006 6, during July, water body often produces the blue-green algae wawter bloom, water quality is bad, fish growth is slow.Brought into use section ocean silver carp flathead strong on August 10, press a small amount of principle repeatedly, use January 6 times, got off in one month, not only water colour is alive refreshing, and fish body stalwartness, plentiful, and growth is rapid, 0.9 jin of every tail monthly average weightening finish, fertilizer coefficient about 0.4.
Hubei Zhou Qiao reservoir, 6500 mu of areas, put 80,000 jin of silver carps in 2006 in a suitable place to breed, average 0.8 jin/tail is put 340,000 jin of variegated carps in a suitable place to breed, average 1.2～1.6 jin/tail, using section ocean silver carp flathead from October 6,6 days to 2006 September in 2006 strengthens, used once 1.5 jin of flower silver carp average weight gains, fertilizer coefficient 0.53 in per 4～5 days.
Henan Su Yahu, 170,000 mu, 1.5～3.0 meters of the depth of waters, the fingerling stocking situation was as follows in 2007: 0.8～1.0 jin/tail of variegated carp, 800,000 tails; 2.0 jin/tail, 100～1,200,000 tails; 0.25～0.30 jin/tail, 50～600,000 tails; 0.25～0.30 jin/tail of silver carp, 42～500,000 tails, 700 tons of shared section ocean biological fish-fertilizers, in November, 2007, the large, medium and small average specification of variegated carp is as follows respectively: 3.0 jin/tail; 4.5 jin/tail; 5.6 jin/tail; The silver carp specification is 5.0 a jin/tail.
Wu Lin town, Honghu City Li Hegui, 20 mu in fishpond, 1.3 meters of the depth of waters are put silver carp 3700 tails, variegated carp 800 tails in a suitable place to breed, and with section's ocean biological fish-fertilizer, on August 14th, 2003, silver carp increased weight 0.6 jin to 1.9 jin, months by 1.3 jin long to September 14; Variegated carp increases weight 0.7 jin to 2.2 jin, months by 1.5 jin long.
Claims (9)
1. special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture, it makes fishing fertilizer by weight by following raw material, contain in per 100 parts of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture: contain 15～43 parts in available nitrogen phosphorus in 50～80 parts of the inorganic fertilizers, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES wherein: nitrogen is 1: 0.25～1.75, contain organic 8～31 parts in 10～35 parts of the fermented organics, 0.1～1.5 part of trace element, 1～10 part of microbial preparation, 0.5～2.5 part in compound many ore deposits, 0.1～2.5 part of improver of water quality;
Described available nitrogen phosphorus derives from inorganic fertilizer, comprises urea, ammonium sulfate, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre, ammonium humate, ammonium chloride, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described organic matter derives from fermentation grouts, vinasse, agricultural crop straw, feces of livestock and poultry a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described trace element is manganese, molybdenum, cobalt, copper, iron, zinc, titanium and boron, silicon, the selenium a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein of composite aminoacid chelating;
Described microbial preparation comprises subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), milk-acid bacteria (Lactobacillus), aspergillus (Aspergillus), photosynthetic bacterium, yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described compound many ore deposits comprise modified zeolite, modification medical stone, modified alta-mud a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein;
Described improver of water quality comprises Sodium salts humic acids, turfy soil, calcium chloride, and the biological fish-fertilizer VB that promotes algae, bacterial growth
2, VB
6, VB
12, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, nitrophenol potassium, 5 nitroguaiacol sodium, Sodium p-nitrophenoxide a kind of or arbitrary combination wherein.
2. a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is made by weight by following raw material:
Microbial preparation 4.5 contains organic matter 10.6 in the fermented organic 15.5, contain available nitrogen phosphorus 30.2 in the inorganic fertilizer 77.7, compound many ore deposits 0.6, improver of water quality 0.8, chelated microelement 1.3, P in this prescription
2O
5: N ratio is 1: 0.55.
3. a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is made by weight by following raw material:
Microbial preparation 6.7 contains organic matter 20.1 in the fermented organic 24.6, contain available nitrogen phosphorus 25.4 in the inorganic fertilizer 65.8, compound many ore deposits 0.6, improver of water quality 0.3, chelated microelement 1.4, P in this prescription
2O
5: N ratio is 1: 1.05.
4. a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is made by weight by following raw material:
Microbial preparation 8.2 contains organic matter 25.2 in the fermented organic 31.0, contain available nitrogen phosphorus 20.2 in the inorganic fertilizer 58.3, compound many ore deposits 0.7, improver of water quality 0.7, chelated microelement 1.1, P in this prescription
2O
5: N ratio is 1: 0.65.
5. a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is made by weight by following raw material:
Microbial preparation 6.4 contains organic matter 20.7 in the fermented organic 25.6, contain available nitrogen phosphorus 26.8 in the inorganic fertilizer 66.0, compound many ore deposits 0.6, improver of water quality 0.4, chelated microelement 1.0, P in this prescription
2O
5: N ratio is 1: 0.40.
6. a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is made by weight by following raw material:
Microbial preparation 5.8 contains organic matter 16.8 in the fermented organic 20.1, contain available nitrogen phosphorus 29.8 in the inorganic fertilizer 70.5, compound many ore deposits 0.8, improver of water quality 0.5, chelated microelement 0.8, P in this prescription
2O
5: N ratio is 1: 0.58.
7. a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is made by weight by following raw material:
Microbial preparation 6.1 contains organic matter 13.5 in the fermented organic 18.7, contain available nitrogen phosphorus 34.6 in the inorganic fertilizer 73.1, compound many ore deposits 0.5, improver of water quality 0.5, chelated microelement 1.1, P in this prescription
2O
5: N ratio is 1: 0.52.
8. a kind of special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is made by weight by following raw material:
Microbial preparation 5.0 contains organic matter 26.3 in the fermented organic 29.8, contain available nitrogen phosphorus 18.5 in the inorganic fertilizer 63.4, compound many ore deposits 0.5, improver of water quality 0.3, chelated microelement 1.0, P in this prescription
2O
5: N ratio is 1: 0.84.
9. preparation method who realizes the described special biological fish-fertilizer for aquaculture of claim 1, it comprises the steps:
The production of A, microbial preparation
A) bacterial classification: subtilis, aspergillus, milk-acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacterium, yeast bacterial classification are cultivated, and select bacterial strain as first class inoculum;
B) batching: the different strain substratum is prepared burden: bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium-wheat bran, nutritive element, water 50% is regulated pH to 7.0; Aspergillus substratum-wheat bran, nutritive element, water 50% is regulated pH to 7.0; Milk-acid bacteria substratum-yeast extract paste, molasses, water 95% is regulated pH to 7.0; Photosynthetic bacteria culture medium-sodium acetate, ammonium chloride, yeast extract paste, VITAMIN is regulated pH to 7.0; Microzyme culture medium-molasses, yeast extract paste is regulated pH to 7.0;
C) sterilization: bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium, aspergillus substratum, milk-acid bacteria substratum, photosynthetic bacteria culture medium, microzyme culture medium are sterilized respectively, kill assorted bacterium, sterilising conditions is 121 ℃, steam sterilizing 30 minutes, and all medium sterilization conditions are the same;
D) inoculation: with bacterial classification inoculation to each self-corresponding substratum: subtilis-inoculum size is 1% of a bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium; Aspergillus-inoculum size is 1% of an aspergillus substratum; Milk-acid bacteria-inoculum size is 0.5～1% of a milk-acid bacteria substratum; Photosynthetic bacterium-inoculum size is 5～10% of a photosynthetic bacteria culture medium; Yeast-inoculum size is 1% of a microzyme culture medium;
E) solid fermentation, liquid fermenting: subtilis and aspergillus carry out solid fermentation; Milk-acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacterium, yeast carry out liquid fermenting, adsorb as sorbent material with the peat composed of rotten mosses behind the liquid fermenting;
F) drying: tunning is carried out drying, the convection drying of solid fermentation under 18～45 ℃; The product to after the absorption of liquid fermenting carries out drying, is dried to moisture content less than 10%;
G) pulverize: dried product is pulverized, be crushed to 80 orders;
The production of B, fermented organic:
A) batching: prepare burden according to ratio: organic matter raw material and 50% water mixing, pH is the nature value;
B) inoculation: activation microbial preparation bacterial classification is inoculated on the organism for preparing by organic 5～10%;
C) fermentation culture: under 32～37 ℃, carried out fermentation culture 48 hours, during stirring 2 times;
D) drying: under 18～45 ℃ fermented organic is dried or dried, dry back moisture content is less than 5%;
E) pulverize: dried product is pulverized, be crushed to 80 orders;
The production of C, composite aminoacid chelating microelement:
A) batching: aminoacids complex is dissolved in the water, regulates pH, add trace compound in the ratio of amino acid and micro-mol ratio 1: 1.2～1.5 to neutral;
B) chelatropic reaction: after the stirring and dissolving, be warming up to 80～85 ℃ with steam, insulation reaction 5 hours is reduced to the room temperature discharging again;
C) spraying drying: the chelatropic reaction product is by spraying drying, and dry back moisture content is less than 5%;
The production of D, finished product:
A) batching: set different D according to water quality, E, the K value calculates the addition of microbial preparation finished product, fermented organic finished product, composite aminoacid chelating microelement finished product, compound many ore deposits, improver of water quality, inorganic fertilizer according to system of equations (I) in conjunction with raw material; Prepare burden according to addition;
It is A that preparation M part aquatic products special biological fish-fertilizer contains N raw material addition
1, A
2, A
3... A
nPart, the N content of each raw material correspondence is a
1, a
2, a
3... a
nThe addition that contains the P raw material is B
1, B
2, B
3... B
nPart, the P of each raw material correspondence
2O
5Content is b
1, b
2, b
3... b
nThe addition that contains organic raw material is C
1, C
2, C
3... C
nPart, the organic content of each raw material correspondence is c
1, c
2, c
3... c
nThe addition of microbial preparation is m
1Part; The addition of composite aminoacid chelating microelement is m
2Part; The addition in compound many ore deposits is m
3Part; The addition of improver of water quality is m
4Part; According to total available nitrogen phosphorus content in water quality situation setting M part aquatic products special biological fish-fertilizer is D part, and organic content is E part, P
2O
5: N=1: K, the addition of various raw materials is obtained by following system of equations:
Wherein: the umber of M=finished product aquatic products special bio fertilizer;
The umber of the total available nitrogen phosphorus of D=
The umber of E=organic matter
Every part of P of K=
2O
5The umber of corresponding N;
m
1The interpolation umber of=microbial preparation;
m
2The interpolation umber of=composite trace element;
m
3The interpolation umber in=compound many ore deposits;
m
4The interpolation umber of=improver of water quality;
Ai=contains the interpolation umber of N raw material;
Ai=contains the N content of N raw material correspondence;
Bj=contains the interpolation umber of P raw material;
Bj=contains the P of P raw material correspondence
2O
5Content;
C1=contains the interpolation umber of organic raw material;
c
1=contain the organic content of organic raw material correspondence;
N=contains the N raw material, contains the P raw material and contains the interpolation kind number of organic raw material;
B) mix and pulverize: raw material is mixed and pulverize, be crushed to 80 orders;
C) sieve: the mixing raw material that crushes is carried out sub-sieve, can be by the granularity of 80 mesh sieve;
D) detect.
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