CN103396210B - Stichopus japonicus fertilizer, and preparation and application methods thereof - Google Patents

Stichopus japonicus fertilizer, and preparation and application methods thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103396210B
CN103396210B CN201310309092.7A CN201310309092A CN103396210B CN 103396210 B CN103396210 B CN 103396210B CN 201310309092 A CN201310309092 A CN 201310309092A CN 103396210 B CN103396210 B CN 103396210B
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stichopus japonicus
fertilizer
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fish
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CN103396210A (en
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沈建明
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Suzhou Yangcheng Lake Modern Agriculture Industrial Park Special Aquaculture Co Ltd
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Suzhou Yangcheng Lake Modern Agriculture Industrial Park Special Aquaculture Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
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Abstract

The invention relates to a stichopus japonicus fertilizer and use thereof as well as a preparation method. The stichopus japonicus fertilizer includes the following components: bacillus subtilis powder, enzyme microorganism, solid photosynthetic bacteria, bdellovibrio, vitamin additive, mineral substance, chelating agent, water hyacinth, edible mushroom dreg, vinasse, fishbone dust, rice bran, brown sugar, aconitum brachypodum diels, semen momordicae, radix euphorbiae, humulon, sophocarpidine, golden larch bark, pepper, gingko testa, fructus cnidii, azedarach, quispualis indica, gallnut, pubescent holly root, soapberry testa, frutus ulmi, and camphor. The stichopus japonicus fertilizer of the invention can provide full nutrition for the fish growth, kill harmful bacteria in a fishpond, reduce diseases, improve the fish yield and quality, degrade harmful substances of nitrous acid, sulfide or the like in the water, reduce the accumulation of harmful substances in the fish body, adjust micro-ecology balance in the fish intestinal tract, increase disease-resistance of the fish, and contribute to keeping the ecological environment.

Description

A kind of stichopus japonicus fertilizer and preparation thereof, using method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the feed of aquaculture, especially a kind of stichopus japonicus fertilizer.
Background technology
Sea cucumber is as a class precious marine product, plays an important role providing aspect food, medicine material, nutrition and protective foods.Stichopus japonicus (Apostichopus japonicus) is best, distribute the widest, a maximum kind of output of quality in domestic beche-de-mer, and it is coastal that its culturing area is mainly distributed in China Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong and Along North Jiangsu.In the 80's of 20th century, the artificial breeding technique of China stichopus japonicus has had breakthrough progress, has formed so far the more complete production technology system of a set of ratio.Apostichopus japonicus culture area constantly expands, and the apostichopus japonicus culture area in Shandong and Liaoning all surpasses 30,000 m2, and the output value is over 10,000,000,000 yuan.But in recent years, the problem such as the extensive disease of culturing stichopus japonicus, drug residue and deterioration of strains constantly occurs.Seed problem is the key of stichopus japonicus industry sustainable and healthy development.Holothurian pond aquaculture development was rapid in recent years, but cultural technique level is uneven, and it is huge that cultured output differs, and most of pond culture output is very low, and some Yield Fish Culture Ponds per unit area yields reach 3000kg/hm 2above.Process is to the summary of pool holothurian culture practical experience for many years, it is mainly that existing holothurian pond standard is low, cultural method is lack of standardization, many modern technique measures are not universal that discovery causes the reason of above-mentioned phenomenon, existing single type fish guano and compound fish guano also have a common shortcoming, that can not be killed harmful bacteria, worm exactly, therefore, lack the effectively effect of control of fish disease.The content that can increase probiotics in fishpond by the compound fish guano of microorganism, effectively reduces the generation of fish diseases, does not also report at present about being exclusively used in this complex microorganism fish guano.
Summary of the invention
One of object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of stichopus japonicus is fertile, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus subtilis bacteria powder 2-4 part, enzymatic microorganism 1-4 part, solid photosynthetic bacterium 0.5-0.9 part, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 0.8-1.2 part, VITAMIN addition material 0.2-0.6 part, mineral substance addition material 10-16 part, sequestrant 0.2-0.4 part, Herba Eichhorniae 60-80 part, edible fungi residue 50-80 part, vinasse 100-110 part, fishbone powder 40-60 part, rice bran 70-80 part, brown sugar 10-16 part, kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, Semen Momordicae 40-50 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, camphor 5-15 part.
Described VITAMIN addition material component recipe ratio is: vitamin A, C, E mix with the weight ratio of 2:3:5.
Described mineral substance addition material is potassium primary phosphate 20-25%, monocalcium phosphate 10-15%, ferrous sulfate 2-5%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, manganous sulfate 0.8-1%, borax 0.3-0.5%, rose vitriol 0.03-0.06%, rare earth 0.2-0.6%, and all the other add salt to 100%.
To be sodium humate and EDTA mix with the weight ratio of 1:1-2 described sequestrant.
A preparation method for stichopus japonicus fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) first Herba Eichhorniae, edible fungi residue, vinasse are dried in the sun to water content below 40%, then according to described ratio, add fishbone powder, rice bran, brown sugar, fully stir, mix;
(2) in said mixture, according to described ratio, add bacillus subtilis bacteria powder and the enzymatic microorganism of having dissolved, then above-mentioned substance is inserted and in pond, mix corruption and macerate, plastics film on upper cap, carries out fermenting in advance for 3-5 days; Then plastics film is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 45 ℃, keep continuing turning after 2-3 days, be then raised to 60 ℃ from 45 ℃, the hold-time is 3-5 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 7-10 days, until slaking is completely fermented complete;
(3) solid photosynthetic bacterium, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio are dissolved in water, join in said mixture, stir;
(4) by above-mentioned fermented product, air dry in the sun, make moisture content of material be less than 25%, add kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, Semen Momordicae 40-50 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, then camphor 5-15 part pulverizes, pulverize fineness for passing through without screen pulverizer, after pulverizing, in material, add mineral substance addition material, sequestrant and VITAMIN addition material, mix and obtain microbial fish guano.;
The using method of stichopus japonicus fertilizer, is characterized in that: throw something and feed: in March ~ May in spring, should manually throw something and feed, do not throw something and feed July ~ September, and about mid-September, water temperature is fallen 18 ℃, enters stichopus japonicus and grows the thermophilic phase, strengthen daily ration, feeding quantity.Substantially do not ingest and stop throwing something and feeding below for 5 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) added that fish produce needed organism and inorganic mineral, trace element can provide comprehensive nutrition to the growth of fish;
(2) add subtilis, enzymatic microorganism and bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio, can kill the harmful bacteria in fishpond, suppressed the breeding growth of pathogenic bacteria in water body, reduced the generation of disease, improved the yield and quality of fish.
(3) added solid photosynthetic bacterium, the toxic substances such as nitrite in water body, sulfide of can degrading, and can restrain oneself the organic waste water of high density, the poisonous substances such as phenol, cyanogen are had and necessarily stood and capacity of decomposition, there is stronger decomposition and inversion ability, reduce the accumulation of toxic substance in fish body.
(4) these mushrooms that add can continue breeding in water body, expand survival rate, to maintaining the balance of microorganisms in water, have a very important role, and can regulate and adjust microecological balance in fish body enteron aisle, can also decomposer in the Harmful Residue, strengthen fingerling disease resistance.
(5) Chinese medicine sterilizing composition is little on natural enemy of fish impact, contributes to keep ecotope, more friendly to environment, to dactylogyrider, Trichodina desinsection better, meet nuisanceless, green production requirement.
Embodiment
Below will be described in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment is only for the present invention is described, rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention.
A kind of stichopus japonicus is fertile, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus subtilis bacteria powder 2-4 part, enzymatic microorganism 1-4 part, solid photosynthetic bacterium 0.5-0.9 part, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 0.8-1.2 part, VITAMIN addition material 0.2-0.6 part, mineral substance addition material 10-16 part, sequestrant 0.2-0.4 part, Herba Eichhorniae 60-80 part, edible fungi residue 50-80 part, vinasse 100-110 part, fishbone powder 40-60 part, rice bran 70-80 part, brown sugar 10-16 part, kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, Semen Momordicae 40-50 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, camphor 5-15 part.
Described VITAMIN addition material component recipe ratio is: vitamin A, C, E mix with the weight ratio of 2:3:5.
Described mineral substance addition material is potassium primary phosphate 20-25%, monocalcium phosphate 10-15%, ferrous sulfate 2-5%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, manganous sulfate 0.8-1%, borax 0.3-0.5%, rose vitriol 0.03-0.06%, rare earth 0.2-0.6%, and all the other add salt to 100%.
To be sodium humate and EDTA mix with the weight ratio of 1:1-2 described sequestrant.
A preparation method for stichopus japonicus fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) first Herba Eichhorniae, edible fungi residue, vinasse are dried in the sun to water content below 40%, then according to described ratio, add fishbone powder, rice bran, brown sugar, fully stir, mix;
(2) in said mixture, according to described ratio, add bacillus subtilis bacteria powder and the enzymatic microorganism of having dissolved, then above-mentioned substance is inserted and in pond, mix corruption and macerate, plastics film on upper cap, carries out fermenting in advance for 3-5 days; Then plastics film is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 45 ℃, keep continuing turning after 2-3 days, be then raised to 60 ℃ from 45 ℃, the hold-time is 3-5 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 7-10 days, until slaking is completely fermented complete;
(3) solid photosynthetic bacterium, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio are dissolved in water, join in said mixture, stir;
(4) by above-mentioned fermented product, air dry in the sun, make moisture content of material be less than 25%, add kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, Semen Momordicae 40-50 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, then camphor 5-15 part pulverizes, pulverize fineness for passing through without screen pulverizer, after pulverizing, in material, add mineral substance addition material, sequestrant and VITAMIN addition material, mix and obtain microbial fish guano.;
The using method of stichopus japonicus fertilizer, is characterized in that: throw something and feed: in March ~ May in spring, should manually throw something and feed, do not throw something and feed July ~ September, and about mid-September, water temperature is fallen 18 ℃, enters stichopus japonicus and grows the thermophilic phase, strengthen daily ration, feeding quantity.Substantially do not ingest and stop throwing something and feeding below for 5 ℃.
Embodiment 2
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
At the juvenile stage of stichopus japonicus growth, pull out, minute support in the middle of five ponds, 500, every pond, (contrast 1, originates from four ponds, according to the injected volume of every mu of 200kg, to throw in respectively the microbial fish guano of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and common fish guano beijing Century AMMS Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), fish guano (contrast 2) is not thrown in another one pond, but throws in the common fish food of same amount, and remaining feeding amount is identical, and culture environment is identical, through the cultivation of 2-4 month, contrasts the upgrowth situation of its output and stichopus japonicus, specifically as shown in Table 1 and Table 2:
Microbial fish guano prepared by table 1 the present invention and contrast 1 are relatively
Output increases (%) Individual increase (%) The fish reduction of dying of illness (%) EPA content increment (%)
Embodiment 1 22 15 14 13
Microbial fish guano prepared by table 2 the present invention and contrast 2 are relatively
Output increases (%) Fish body increases (%) The fish reduction of dying of illness (%) EPA content increment (%)
Embodiment 1 38 25 28 65
Contrast through table 1, table 2 can be found, adds the Fast Growth that composite microbe fertilizer of the present invention can promote stichopus japonicus, and EPA content increases, fish disease reduces, the fish that dies of illness reduces, and also makes the beneficial microorganism in water body increase simultaneously, and final quality and quality are all improved.

Claims (3)

1. a stichopus japonicus fertilizer, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus subtilis bacteria powder 2-4 part, enzymatic microorganism 1-4 part, solid photosynthetic bacterium 0.5-0.9 part, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 0.8-1.2 part, VITAMIN addition material 0.2-0.6 part, mineral substance addition material 10-16 part, sequestrant 0.2-0.4 part, Herba Eichhorniae 60-80 part, edible fungi residue 50-80 part, vinasse 100-110 part, fishbone powder 40-60 part, rice bran 70-80 part, brown sugar 10-16 part, kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, Semen Momordicae 40-50 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, camphor 5-15 part,
Described VITAMIN addition material component recipe ratio is: vitamin A, C, E mix with the weight ratio of 2:3:5;
Described mineral substance addition material is potassium primary phosphate 20-25%, monocalcium phosphate 10-15%, ferrous sulfate 2-5%, zinc sulfate 1-2%, manganous sulfate 0.8-1%, borax 0.3-0.5%, rose vitriol 0.03-0.06%, rare earth 0.2-0.6%, and all the other add salt to 100%;
To be Sodium salts humic acids and EDTA mix with the weight ratio of 1:1-2 described sequestrant;
Described stichopus japonicus fertilizer is prepared from by the following method:
(1) first Herba Eichhorniae, edible fungi residue, vinasse are dried in the sun to water content below 40%, then according to described ratio, add fishbone powder, rice bran, brown sugar, fully stir, mix;
(2) in said mixture, according to described ratio, add bacillus subtilis bacteria powder and the enzymatic microorganism of having dissolved, then above-mentioned substance is placed in to pond mixing corruption and macerates, plastics film on upper cap, carries out fermenting in advance for 3-5 days; Then plastics film is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 45 ℃, keep continuing turning after 2-3 days, be then raised to 60 ℃ from 45 ℃, the hold-time is 3-5 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 7-10 days, until slaking is completely fermented complete;
(3) solid photosynthetic bacterium, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio are dissolved in water, join in said mixture, stir;
(4) by above-mentioned fermented product, airing in the sun, make moisture content of material be less than 25%, add kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, Semen Momordicae 40-50 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, camphor 5-15 part, then pulverize, pulverize grain fineness for passing through without screen pulverizer, after pulverizing, in material, add mineral substance addition material, sequestrant and VITAMIN addition material, mix and obtain described stichopus japonicus fertilizer.
2. the preparation method of a kind of stichopus japonicus fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described stichopus japonicus fertilizer is prepared from by the following method:
(1) first Herba Eichhorniae, edible fungi residue, vinasse are dried in the sun to water content below 40%, then according to described ratio, add fishbone powder, rice bran, brown sugar, fully stir, mix;
(2) in said mixture, according to described ratio, add bacillus subtilis bacteria powder and the enzymatic microorganism of having dissolved, then above-mentioned substance is placed in to pond mixing corruption and macerates, plastics film on upper cap, carries out fermenting in advance for 3-5 days; Then plastics film is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 45 ℃, keep continuing turning after 2-3 days, be then raised to 60 ℃ from 45 ℃, the hold-time is 3-5 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 7-10 days, until slaking is completely fermented complete;
(3) solid photosynthetic bacterium, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio are dissolved in water, join in said mixture, stir;
(4) by above-mentioned fermented product, airing in the sun, make moisture content of material be less than 25%, add kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, Semen Momordicae 40-50 part, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part, Cortex Meliae 10-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 15-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, camphor 5-15 part, then pulverize, pulverize grain fineness for passing through without screen pulverizer, after pulverizing, in material, add mineral substance addition material, sequestrant and VITAMIN addition material, mix and obtain described stichopus japonicus fertilizer.
3. the using method of a kind of stichopus japonicus fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: throw something and feed: in March~May in spring, should manually throw something and feed, do not throw something and feed July~September, and mid-September, water temperature is down to 18 ℃, enter stichopus japonicus and grow the thermophilic phase, strengthen feeding volume; Substantially do not ingest and stop throwing something and feeding below for 5 ℃.
CN201310309092.7A 2013-07-23 2013-07-23 Stichopus japonicus fertilizer, and preparation and application methods thereof Expired - Fee Related CN103396210B (en)

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CN104886360A (en) * 2015-04-27 2015-09-09 广西贵港东琥农业开发有限公司 Special fish fertilizer for aquaculture and preparation method of special fish fertilizer
CN105175153B (en) * 2015-10-14 2018-06-22 武汉瑞泽园生物环保科技股份有限公司 Biological organic fertilizer produced using edible fungi residues as major ingredient and preparation method thereof
CN114223777B (en) * 2021-12-14 2023-07-07 辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院 Composite microecological preparation for inhibiting pathogenic vibrio for breeding stichopus japonicus

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ES2406394A1 (en) * 2011-12-04 2013-06-06 Juan José FERRO ARCA Bait for nasa and longline (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
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