CN102972660A - Chinese herbal medicine compound bait for improving growing power, immunity and disease resistance of stichopus japonicus - Google Patents

Chinese herbal medicine compound bait for improving growing power, immunity and disease resistance of stichopus japonicus Download PDF

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CN102972660A
CN102972660A CN201210540702XA CN201210540702A CN102972660A CN 102972660 A CN102972660 A CN 102972660A CN 201210540702X A CN201210540702X A CN 201210540702XA CN 201210540702 A CN201210540702 A CN 201210540702A CN 102972660 A CN102972660 A CN 102972660A
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bait
herbal medicine
chinese herbal
stichopus japonicus
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刘宏生
冯华炜
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Abstract

The invention relates to a Chinese herbal medicine compound bait, as well as a preparation method and application of the Chinese herbal medicine compound bait. The Chinese herbal medicine compound bait comprises the following Chinese herbal medicine components by weight percent: 20-30% of radix pseudostellariae, 5-10% of cordyceps sinensis, 10-15% of lycium chinense, 10-15% of clove, 10-15% of honeysuckle, 10-15% of radix bupleuri, 5-10% of liquorice, 5-10% of radix astragali, 1-5% of poria cocos and 1-5% of borneol; and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bait comprises the following basic bait components by weight percent: 30-35% of sea mud, 10-15% of kelp meal, 4-6% of shell powder, 10-15% of sargassum thunbergii powder, 0.5-1% of spiral seaweed, 3-5% of fish meal, 3-5% of vegetable protein, 1-3% of shrimp meal, 2-3% of scallop skirt, 0.6-0.8% of yeast tablets, 2-2.2% of composite mineral salt and 1.8-2% of multivitamin. The Chinese herbal medicine components are mixed into the basic bait components according to the ratio of 2-5%, and the mixture has the particle size of 250-300 meshes. The Chinese herbal medicine compound bait provided by the invention is capable of obviously increasing the weight gain rate and survival rate of stichopus japonicus, reducing the splanchnic ratio, and improving the immunity of the stichopus japonicus; and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bait is free from toxic and side effects, can be used for remarkably improving the 'skin ulceration syndrome' resistance of the stichopus japonicus and has the advantages of reducing the food coefficient as well as NH3-N content and chemical oxygen demand (COD) content in aquaculture water, and the like, thus having good guiding significance for increasing the yield of stichopus japonicus aquaculture and the prevention and treatment of diseases.

Description

A kind of Chinese herbal medicine mixed bait that strengthens stichopus japonicus growing power, immunity and premunition
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic product matched bait field, relate to particularly a kind of Chinese herbal medicine mixed bait that strengthens stichopus japonicus growth indexes, immunity and premunition.
Background technology
Stichopus japonicus is rich in protein, mineral matter, vitamin and various active material, has very high nutrition, health care and economic worth, is one of important marine product of China's aquatic products economic resources.Along with continuous understanding and the acceptance of people to its specific function, enlarged significantly the market demand of stichopus japonicus.But the quantity of natural waters growth and breeding far is not enough to tackle this demand, just becomes a kind of inexorable trend so carry out to propagate artificially.Yet along with the rapid expansion of propagating area artificially, the intensive culture pattern, cause the breeding water body water quality environment to worsen and, cause a large amount of disease problems, the extensive phenomena of mortality appearred in the main apostichopus japonicus culture of China zone in succession in recent years, stichopus japonicus " Beancurd sheet syndrome " occurrence probability that wherein infection rate is high, propagation is fast is high, and the harm that causes is the most serious, has caused huge economic loss for vast apostichopus japonicus culture dealer.
In the actual production, many cultivation dealers use antibiotic medicine in a large number for preventing and treating disease, for the Fast Growth that promotes stichopus japonicus adds growth hormone etc. in feed, long-term a large amount of the use causes cultivating the waters ecological environmental pollution, and pathogenic microorganism produces drug resistance, and disease is grown in a large number, antibiotic abuse of while, may directly or indirectly cause the animal body immunity degradation, increase the incidence of disease, have a strong impact on food security and environment public health security.Chinese herbal medicine has good effect as a kind of production material of green non-pollution for strengthening stichopus japonicus immunity of organisms, prevention and treatment stichopus japonicus disease, the growth of promotion stichopus japonicus etc.But, up to now, the domestic Chinese herbal medicine stichopus japonicus Beancurd sheet syndrome prophylactic treatment of utilizing, the report that immunity and growth indexes strengthen is less, " Chinese herbal compound preparation for the treatment of causative pathogen skin ulcerative syndrome of Apostichopus japonicus " (number of patent application: 200810012461.3) that Li Hua etc. is only arranged, " the antibacterial immunity double-effect compound Chinese herbal medicine of stichopus japonicus skin ulcer syndrome " of Wang Yingeng etc. (number of patent application: 200910017167.7) and Wang Yonghua etc. " apostichopus japonicus culture Chinese herbal medicine fungicide special " (number of patent application: 200910219794.X), there are no the compound Chinese herb mixed bait report that can strengthen simultaneously the stichopus japonicus energy for growth and strengthen simultaneously immunity and premunition.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of compound Chinese herb mixed bait, its preparation method and application, the invention solves the technical problem of compound Chinese herb, so that growth indexes, immunity, the premunition of the use of this compound energy Effective Raise stichopus japonicus, reduce simultaneously the feed coefficient of Stichopus japonicus Selenka bait, improve the culture water quality of tank system of apostichopus japonicus culture.
The invention provides a kind of compound Chinese herb mixed bait, this compound Chinese herb mixed bait is comprised of Chinese herbal medicine and foundation bait; Chinese herbal medicine joins in the foundation bait with the proportioning of 2-5%; Wherein: the percentage by weight of medicinal herb components is: radix pseudostellariae 20-30%, Cordyceps sinensis 5-10%, matrimony vine 10-15%, cloves 10-15%, honeysuckle 10-15%, radix bupleuri 10-15%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-10%, Radix Astragali 5-10%, Poria cocos 1-5%, borneol 1-5%; Foundation bait composition percentage by weight is: ooze 30-35%, Kelp Powder 10-15%, shellfish powder 4-6%, sargassum thunbergii powder 10-15%, spirulina 0.5-1%, fish meal 3-5%, vegetable protein 3-5%, shrimp med 1-3%, scallop edge 2-3%, yeast tablet 0.6-0.8%, composite mineral salt 2-2.2%, B B-complex 1.8-2%.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described compound Chinese herb mixed bait, and each component of said herbal medicine composition after ultramicro grinding, is preferably 4% in 2-5%() ratio and foundation bait mix granularity 250-300 order.
The present invention also provides described compound Chinese herb mixed bait to be used for improving growth indexes, immunity and the premunition of stichopus japonicus; Also be used for the treatment of and prevent stichopus japonicus " Beancurd sheet syndrome ", improve culture water quality of tank system and reduce feed coefficient.
The present invention is as a kind of Chinese herbal medicine stichopus japonicus compound feed, compares with existing stichopus japonicus mixed bait to have following advantage:
(1) the raw material nutritive value is comprehensive, and reasonable mixture ratio, and add the compound Chinese herb contain various immunologic active materials according to the Chinese herbal medicine combination principle can promote that aquatic livestock searches for food, and improves rate of body weight gain, reduce dirty wall than and feed coefficient; Improve the immunity of stichopus japonicus and to the resistance of stichopus japonicus " Beancurd sheet syndrome " disease, improve simultaneously apostichopus japonicus culture water water quality, thereby significantly improve survival rate of Apostichopus japonicus;
(2) feed processing technology of the present invention is simple, and good palatability has no side effect, and is difficult for producing drug resistance, degradable in the natural environment, noresidue in the stichopus japonicus body;
(3) test shows, uses at the stichopus japonicus nursery stage, and aspect growth indexes: rate of body weight gain has improved 31.67%, and dirty wall average specific reduces by 0.07; Survival rate has improved 12.39%.Aspect immunity: acid phosphatase (ACP) vigor has improved 20-70%; Alkaline phosphatase (AKP) vigor has improved 50-70%; Superoxide dismutase (SOD) vigor has improved 43-50%; Lysozyme (LZM) vigor has improved 40-60%; Antibacterial activity (Ua) has improved 10-35%.Aspect premunition: can effectively prevent Beancurd sheet syndrome stichopus japonicus to infect healthy stichopus japonicus, be 50% to the healing power of slight trouble Beancurd sheet syndrome stichopus japonicus.Other is the NH in the aquaculture water that throws something and feeds after this bait 3-N content on average reduces by 53%, COD content and has on average reduced by 15%, and feed coefficient has on average reduced by 1.57.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the variation of stichopus japonicus rate of body weight gain;
Fig. 2: the compound Chinese herb mixed bait is on the impact of the dirty wall ratio of stichopus japonicus;
Fig. 3: the compound Chinese herb mixed bait is on the impact of survival rate of Apostichopus japonicus;
Fig. 4: the compound Chinese herb mixed bait is on the impact of feed coefficient;
Fig. 5: the compound Chinese herb mixed bait is to NH in the water 3The impact of-N content;
Fig. 6: the compound Chinese herb mixed bait is on the impact of COD content in the water;
Fig. 7: the variation of acid phosphatase in the stichopus japonicus coelomic fluid (ACP);
Fig. 8: the variation of stichopus japonicus coelomic fluid alkaline phosphatase (AKP);
Fig. 9: the variation of lysozyme in the stichopus japonicus coelomic fluid (LZM);
Figure 10: the variation of superoxide dismutase in the stichopus japonicus coelomic fluid (SOD);
Figure 11: the variation of the antibacterial activity of stichopus japonicus coelomic fluid (Ua).
The specific embodiment
The following examples will be further described the present invention, but not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1: the concrete proportioning of compound Chinese herb mixed bait
(1) compound Chinese herb mixed bait, the percentage by weight of medicinal herb components is: radix pseudostellariae 20%, Cordyceps sinensis 5%, matrimony vine 10%, cloves 10%, honeysuckle 10%, radix bupleuri 10%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5%, the Radix Astragali 5%, Poria cocos 1%, borneol 1%;
Foundation bait composition percentage by weight is: ooze 30%, Kelp Powder 10%, shellfish powder 4%, sargassum thunbergii powder 10%, spirulina 0.5%, fish meal 3%, vegetable protein 3%, shrimp med 1%, scallop edge 2%, yeast tablet 0.6%, composite mineral salt 2%, B B-complex 1.8%;
Medicinal herb components adds in the basic mixed bait by 2% dosage.
(2) compound Chinese herb mixed bait, the percentage by weight of medicinal herb components is: radix pseudostellariae 25%, Cordyceps sinensis 7%, matrimony vine 12%, cloves 12%, honeysuckle 12%, radix bupleuri 12%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 7%, the Radix Astragali 8%, Poria cocos 3%, borneol 3%;
Foundation bait composition percentage by weight is: ooze 32%, Kelp Powder 17%, shellfish powder 5%, sargassum thunbergii powder 13%, spirulina 0.8%, fish meal 4%, vegetable protein 4%, shrimp med 2%, scallop edge 2.5%, yeast tablet 0.7%, composite mineral salt 2-2.1%, B B-complex 1.9%;
Medicinal herb components adds in the basic mixed bait by 3% dosage.
(3) compound Chinese herb mixed bait, the percentage by weight of medicinal herb components is: radix pseudostellariae 30%, Cordyceps sinensis 10%, matrimony vine 15%, cloves 15%, honeysuckle 15%, radix bupleuri 15%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 10%, the Radix Astragali 10%, Poria cocos 5%, borneol 5%;
Foundation bait composition percentage by weight is: ooze 35%, Kelp Powder 15%, shellfish powder 6%, sargassum thunbergii powder 15%, spirulina 1%, fish meal 5%, vegetable protein 5%, shrimp med 3%, scallop edge 3%, yeast tablet 0.8%, composite mineral salt 2.2%, B B-complex 2%;
Medicinal herb components adds in the basic mixed bait by 3.5% dosage.
(4) compound Chinese herb mixed bait, the percentage by weight of medicinal herb components is: radix pseudostellariae 25%, Cordyceps sinensis 10%, matrimony vine 15%, cloves 10%, honeysuckle 10%, radix bupleuri 10%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5%, the Radix Astragali 5%, Poria cocos 5%, borneol 5%;
Foundation bait composition percentage by weight is: ooze 35%, Kelp Powder 15%, shellfish powder 6%, sargassum thunbergii powder 15%, spirulina 1%, fish meal 5%, vegetable protein 5%, shrimp med 3%, scallop edge 3%, yeast tablet 0.8%, composite mineral salt 2.2%, B B-complex 2%;
Medicinal herb components adds in the basic mixed bait by 4% dosage.
(5) compound Chinese herb mixed bait, the percentage by weight of medicinal herb components is: radix pseudostellariae 25%, Cordyceps sinensis 10%, matrimony vine 15%, cloves 10%, honeysuckle 10%, radix bupleuri 10%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5%, the Radix Astragali 5%, Poria cocos 5%, borneol 5%;
Foundation bait composition percentage by weight is: ooze 35%, Kelp Powder 15%, shellfish powder 6%, sargassum thunbergii powder 15%, spirulina 1%, fish meal 5%, vegetable protein 5%, shrimp med 3%, scallop edge 3%, yeast tablet 0.8%, composite mineral salt 2.2%, B B-complex 2%;
Medicinal herb components adds in the basic mixed bait by 5% dosage.
Embodiment 2: the compound Chinese herb mixed bait is thrown something and fed and effect:
1. growth indexes effect and water quality detection test group:
In June, 2012, a day salt industry hatching factory carried out test in sea, Yingkou City, Liaoning Province, and subjects is 4 ponds, every pond volume 30m 3, per 2 ponds are one group, being divided into is 2 groups: and A group (test group) and B group (control group), A organizes the compound Chinese herb mixed bait of throwing something and feeding, and B organizes the basic mixed bait of throwing something and feeding.Sooner or later observe the growth conditions of seedling every day, and detect its temperature (T), salinity (S), dissolved oxygen (Do), pH value, NH 3-N content, H 2S content, COD content, afternoon feeding once, changed water once in per 6 days, 15-20d falls the pond once, whenever falling the pond once be first phase, weighs behind the pond and calculates the number of seedling.As shown in Figure 1, the rate of body weight gain of A group all is higher than the B group, and significant difference during to the fourth phase and the fifth phase (P<0.05) has improved 31.67%; As shown in Figure 2, A organizes dirty wall ratio and is starkly lower than the B group, and average specific reduces by 0.07; As shown in Figure 3, the survival rate of A group reaches 90.02%, improves 12.93% than the B group; As shown in Figure 4, A group feed coefficient is starkly lower than the B group, has on average reduced by 1.57; As shown in Figure 5, the NH in the aquaculture water 3-N content decreases after changing water along with the time changes progressively rising, simultaneously, and the NH of A group 3-N content all is lower than B group, has on average reduced about 53%, shows obviously to have reduced the NH in the breeding seawater after adding Chinese herbal medicine 3-N content; As shown in Figure 5, the COD content in the aquaculture water changed progressively and raises along with the time, decreased after changing water, and simultaneously, the COD content of A group all is lower than the B group, has on average reduced about 15%, showed significantly to have reduced COD content in the water after adding Chinese herbal medicine.
2. immune strengthen test effect detection test group:
After on-test, per 6 days once sampling, 10 stichopus japonicus are fished in each every pond, shred stichopus japonicus on ice with sterile scissors, extract 2mL in centrifuge tube with the micropipette rifle subsequently, measure just relevant index of centrifuge tube mesenteron liquid acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), lysozyme (LZM), superoxide dismutase (SOD), antibacterial activity (Ua) etc. and stichopus japonicus immunity.By Fig. 6-11 as can be known, the every immunity index of stichopus japonicus is along with the progressively enhancing of Feeding time, and the A group is apparently higher than the B group, and wherein acid phosphatase (ACP) vigor has improved 20-70%; Alkaline phosphatase (AKP) vigor has improved 50-70%; Superoxide dismutase (SOD) vigor has improved 43-50%; Lysozyme (LZM) vigor has improved 40-60%; Antibacterial activity (Ua) has improved 10-35%.This shows that the compound Chinese herb mixed bait can significantly improve the immunity of stichopus japonicus.
Embodiment 3: the drug safety test of compound Chinese herb
The mixed bait of the compound Chinese herb of interpolation 5% 1.A the group test tank is thrown something and fed respectively, the B group is basic mixed bait, and the 5d that throws something and feeds altogether observes its growth conditions every day and the situation of ingesting, and well-grown is without abnormal conditions.
The mixed bait of the compound Chinese herb of interpolation 10% 2.A the group test tank is thrown something and fed respectively, the B group is basic mixed bait, and the 5d that throws something and feeds altogether observes its growth conditions every day and the situation of ingesting, and well-grown is without abnormal conditions.
The mixed bait of the compound Chinese herb of interpolation 15% 3.A the group test tank is thrown something and fed respectively, the B group is basic mixed bait, and the 8d that throws something and feeds altogether observes its growth conditions every day and the situation of ingesting, and well-grown is without abnormal conditions.
Conclusion: the mixed bait of 4% Chinese medicine addition can significantly improve stichopus japonicus immunity, and the growth of stichopus japonicus is had no side effect.
Embodiment 4: use this compound Chinese herb and compound Chinese herb treatment and the result of " Beancurd sheet syndrome " stichopus japonicus are suffered from cultivation factory.Effect such as table 1:
Table 1 compound Chinese herb and compound Chinese herb mixed bait are prevented and treated the clinical pilot-scale experiment of Beancurd sheet syndrome
Figure BDA00002578398700081
By the clinical prevention evidence: this compound Chinese herb can effectively be prevented and treated the infection of the stichopus japonicus at trouble " Beancurd sheet syndrome " initial stage, and reducing sickness rate reaches 50% to slight trouble patient's cure rate.The present invention utilizes the compound Chinese herb mixed bait to strengthen stichopus japonicus growth indexes, immunity and premunition, improves cultured output and quality, and is significant for guaranteeing safety, high yield that apostichopus japonicus culture produces.

Claims (7)

1. compound Chinese herb mixed bait, it is characterized in that: this compound Chinese herb mixed bait is comprised of Chinese herbal medicine and foundation bait; Chinese herbal medicine joins in the foundation bait with the proportioning of 2-5%;
Wherein: the percentage by weight of medicinal herb components is: radix pseudostellariae 20-30%, Cordyceps sinensis 5-10%, matrimony vine 10-15%, cloves 10-15%, honeysuckle 10-15%, radix bupleuri 10-15%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-10%, Radix Astragali 5-10%, Poria cocos 1-5%, borneol 1-5%;
Foundation bait composition percentage by weight is: ooze 30-35%, Kelp Powder 10-15%, shellfish powder 4-6%, sargassum thunbergii powder 10-15%, spirulina 0.5-1%, fish meal 3-5%, vegetable protein 3-5%, shrimp med 1-3%, scallop edge 2-3%, yeast tablet 0.6-0.8%, composite mineral salt 2-2.2%, B B-complex 1.8-2%.
2. according to the described compound Chinese herb mixed bait of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vegetable protein is soybean protein.
3. according to the described compound Chinese herb mixed bait of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described composite mineral salt is one or more in KI, cobalt chloride, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, magnesium sulfate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. according to the described compound Chinese herb mixed bait of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described B B-complex is one or more in vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, cobalamin, prokeyvit, inositol, calcium pantothenate, vitamin B3, folic acid, biotin, vitamin A, cholecalciferol, vitamin E, the vitamin C.
5. the preparation method of the described compound Chinese herb mixed bait of claim 1, it is characterized in that: each component of said herbal medicine composition after ultramicro grinding, is added in the foundation bait in the 2-5% ratio, and mixing rear granularity is the 250-300 order.
6. according to the preparation method of the described compound Chinese herb mixed bait of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described Chinese herbal medicine adds in the foundation bait with 4% ratio.
7. the described compound Chinese herb mixed bait of claim 1 is used for improving growth indexes, immunity and the premunition of stichopus japonicus; Also be used for the treatment of and prevent stichopus japonicus " Beancurd sheet syndrome ", improve culture water quality of tank system and reduce feed coefficient.
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CN103636936A (en) * 2012-12-13 2014-03-19 刘宏生 Chinese herbal medicine compound feed capable of enhancing growing power, immunity and disease resistance of stichopus japonicus
CN104770608A (en) * 2015-04-16 2015-07-15 张家港盛宏生物科技有限公司 Compound Chinese herbal medicine formula feed for stichopus japonicus and preparation method as well as application thereof
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CN103636936A (en) * 2012-12-13 2014-03-19 刘宏生 Chinese herbal medicine compound feed capable of enhancing growing power, immunity and disease resistance of stichopus japonicus
CN103396210A (en) * 2013-07-23 2013-11-20 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 Stichopus japonicus fertilizer, and preparation and application methods thereof
CN104770608A (en) * 2015-04-16 2015-07-15 张家港盛宏生物科技有限公司 Compound Chinese herbal medicine formula feed for stichopus japonicus and preparation method as well as application thereof
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CN107512750A (en) * 2017-10-13 2017-12-26 桂林融通科技有限公司 Alleviate the additive that acidifying seawater influences on big oyster lysozyme activity
CN107522242A (en) * 2017-10-13 2017-12-29 桂林融通科技有限公司 A kind of additive for reducing heavy metal seawater and being damaged to big oyster active oxygen radical
CN107619070A (en) * 2017-10-13 2018-01-23 桂林融通科技有限公司 Reduce the additive that heavy metal seawater damages to big oyster active oxygen radical
CN107624689A (en) * 2017-10-13 2018-01-26 桂林融通科技有限公司 Reduce the additive that heavy metal seawater influences on big oyster lysozyme activity
CN107628652A (en) * 2017-10-13 2018-01-26 桂林融通科技有限公司 A kind of additive for reducing heavy metal seawater and being influenceed on big oyster lysozyme activity
CN107697959A (en) * 2017-10-13 2018-02-16 桂林融通科技有限公司 A kind of additive for reducing acidifying seawater and being damaged to big oyster active oxygen radical
CN108244335A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-07-06 重庆东宏鑫科技有限公司 A kind of holothurian feed

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