CN104770608A - Compound Chinese herbal medicine formula feed for stichopus japonicus and preparation method as well as application thereof - Google Patents
Compound Chinese herbal medicine formula feed for stichopus japonicus and preparation method as well as application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound Chinese herbal medicine formula feed for stichopus japonicus, belonging to the field of aquatic feed. The compound Chinese herbal medicine formula feed for stichopus japonicus is prepared from Chinese herbal medicine and basic feed, wherein the mass of the Chinese herbal medicine is 2-5% of that of the basic feed; and the Chinese herbal medicine is prepared from the following constituents in percentage by weight: 15-30% of hawthorn, 10-15% of dried tangerine peel, 5-10% of bark of eucommia, 10-15% Polygonum multiflorum, 10-15% of radix isatidis, 10-15% Bupleurum, 5-9% of licorice, 5-9% of astragalus, 1-5% of poria cocos and 1-5% of borneol; the basic feed is prepared from the following constituents in percentage by weight: 35-40% of sea mud, 15% -20% of Selaginella doederleinii powder, 10-15% of kelp powder, 4-6% of shellfish powder, 10-15% of sargassum thunbergii powder, 0.5-1% of spirulina, 2-4% of fish meal, 2-4% of soybean protein, 1-3% of shrimp bran, 0.2-0.8% of yeast powder, 1.3-2.2% of composite sea salt, 1.5-2.5% of complex vitamin and 1.5-2.5% of sucrose. The compound Chinese herbal medicine formula feed for stichopus japonicus can increase the weight gain rate and survival rate of young stichopus japonicus while remarkably improving growth stagnation thereof, and enhance the immunity of the stichopus japonicus, has no toxic and side effects, and improves resistance of the stichopus japonicus to common diseases.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic product matched bait field, relate to a kind of stagnant length of stichopus japonicus of improving particularly and also effectively promote its Chinese herbal medicine mixed bait increased weight.
Background technology
Stichopus japonicus is rich in protein, mineral matter, vitamin and various active material, has very high nutrition, health care and economic worth, is one of important marine product of China's aquatic products economic resources.It is top-quality one in Chinese 20 multiple eating sea cucumbers.Stichopus japonicus is listed in one of " eight delicacies " as a kind of seafood delights of preciousness.Record according in supplementary Amplifications of the Compendium of Materia Medica, " sea cucumber of east area of the Liao River, coextensive with eastern and southern Liaoning Province product, body colour is dark brown, the tender thorniness of meat, and be referred to as the Liao Dynasty's ginseng or sea cucumber, quality is splendid, and the sweet temperature of the property of medicine is nontoxic, has tonifying kidney-yin, and raw arteries and veins blood, controls the inferior the effect such as dysentery and ulcer ".Because of its property of medicine temperature compensation, sufficient enemy's ginseng, therefore named sea cucumber.
Along with people are to the continuous understanding of its specific function and acceptance, expand the market demand of stichopus japonicus significantly.But along with market constantly increases stichopus japonicus demand, the cultured area of sea cucumber and culturing area are constantly expanded, cause breeding water body water quality environment worsen and, cause a large amount of disease problem, continuous worsening due to breeding water body, the stagnant length of ubiquity seedling of Apostichopus japonicus (being commonly called as melanism seedling, old man's seedling) in breeding process in recent years, this type of seedling hypoevolutism, growth conditions is not good, to the harm that apostichopus japonicus culture industrial belt is come, causes huge economic loss to apostichopus japonicus culture dealer.
Current China, for this problem of stagnant long seedling occurred in breeding process, generally reaches the object promoting weightening finish by hormone feeding.The use of hormone, from the angle of raiser, can reach and realize the maximization of its short-term interests, but with regard to long-range angle, use hormone to promote that stichopus japonicus grows, the behavior improving the stagnant length of stichopus japonicus is worthless.First, its economic interests brought are of short duration is at the moment, to throw something and feed growth hormone for a long time in the past, the overall physiological function of stichopus japonicus can be caused to decline to stichopus japonicus, thus the quality of stichopus japonicus is declined year by year, finally even likely lose its existing a series of nourishing function and value; Secondly, growth hormone can be accumulated for the growth promoting function of stichopus japonicus in its body, and the life for us is all brought very large puzzlement by this.Therefore strictly control the use of hormone, controlling the use of hormone in aquatic products has very important meaning.With regard to the general situation of development of China's aquaculture industry, its task of top priority be research and development one class for culture fishery, the green bait of alternative growth hormone, inherently stops a series of grave dangers that growth hormone brings, and simultaneously effectively promotes sea cucumber weightening finish.And Chinese herbal medicine is as the traditional medicine of China, to arrange in pairs or groups certain combination principle simultaneously, exactly can overcome the above problems, not only solve the problem that some and the sustainable development view that exist in aquaculture process are wanted to run counter to, the object of green cultivation can also be reached simultaneously.The stagnant long problem of more and more serious seedling makes stichopus japonicus immunity entire lowering, its ill probability is more and more higher, before growth result is much worse than greatly, also be faced with certain product quality problem simultaneously, these problems seriously hinder the sound development of apostichopus japonicus culture industry above, how far apostichopus japonicus culture industry can be walked, future prospect how, worth thinking deeply about with discussion.
In actual production, many cultivation dealers promote a large amount of medicine used containing hormone of stichopus japonicus growth, the long-term hormone that in the past used can cause Cultivated water ecological environmental pollution, disease is grown in a large number, the abuse of hormone, may directly or indirectly cause animal body immunity degradation simultaneously, increases the incidence of disease, had a strong impact on food security and environment public health security, make facing mankind its side effect can at grave danger of people's cylinder accumulation simultaneously.Chinese herbal medicine, as a kind of production material of green non-pollution, for enhancing stichopus japonicus immunity of organisms, Prevention and Curation stichopus japonicus disease, promotes that stichopus japonicus growth etc. has good effect.But, up to now, the domestic Chinese herbal medicine that utilizes improves the stagnant long phenomenon of stichopus japonicus, can also the report of prevent disease, develop immunitypty and growth indexes almost not have simultaneously, current existing patent mainly lays particular emphasis on solution 3 problems: 1 about treatment " skin ulcer syndrome ", such as: " the plant source spacetabs type Compound Resisting bacterial preparation process of prevention and control stichopus japonicus skin ulcer syndrome " (number of patent application: 200810012461.3) of Wang Weixin etc.; 2 about the weightening finish of promotion stichopus japonicus, such as Zhang Shuzhi's etc.: " stichopus japonicus being had to compound Chinese herb and the production method thereof of growth promoting function " (number of patent application: 201210556652.4; 3 about raising stichopus japonicus immunity, " stichopus japonicus Chinese herbal medicine closes immunopotentiator " (number of patent application: 201210206056.3) of such as: Tian Yi etc.But have no about the stagnant long situation of stichopus japonicus can be improved, strengthen the compound Chinese herb mixed bait report of stichopus japonicus energy for growth and immunity and premunition simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of stichopus japonicus compound Chinese herb mixed bait, its preparation method and application, the invention solves a kind of technical problem utilizing compound Chinese herb replacement hormone and antibiotic to improve stagnant of stichopus japonicus and promote it to increase weight, make the use of this compound effectively can improve the stagnant long situation of stichopus japonicus, and improve growth indexes, immunity, the premunition of stichopus japonicus, reduce the feed coefficient of Stichopus japonicus Selenka bait simultaneously, improve the culture water quality of tank system of apostichopus japonicus culture.
The invention provides a kind of stichopus japonicus compound Chinese herb mixed bait, be made up of Chinese herbal medicine and foundation bait, the 2-5% of food quality based on Chinese herbal medicine quality;
Wherein the percentage by weight of medicinal herb components is: hawthorn 15-30%, dried orange peel 10-15%, bark of eucommia 5-10%, fleece-flower root 10-15%, Radix Isatidis 10-15%, radix bupleuri 10-15%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-9%, Radix Astragali 5-9%, Poria cocos 1-5% and borneol 1-5%; The percentage by weight of foundation bait composition is: ooze 35-40%, doederlein spikemoss herb powder 15%-20%, Kelp Powder 10-15%, shellfish powder 4-6%, sargassum thunbergii powder 10-15%, spirulina 0.5-1%, fish meal 2-4%, soybean protein 2-4%, shrimp chaff 1-3%, dusty yeast 0.2-0.8%, compound sea salt 1.3-2.2%, B B-complex 1.5-2.5%, sucrose 1.5-2.5%.
Further, in compound sea salt, each weight percentages of components is: KI 1-5%, cobalt chloride 1-5%, zinc sulfate 4-8%, ferrous sulfate 4-8%, magnesium sulfate 30-47%, dihydric phosphate 35-52%; In B B-complex, each weight percentages of components is: vitamin B12 0.2-2%, biotin 0.2-2%, vitamine D3 0.5-2.8%, folic acid 0.5-2.8%, vitamin A 0.8-3.8%, vitamin B1 1.2-4.2%, vitamin E 2.1-5.7%, vitamin B2 2.3-6.9%, vitamin B6 3-9%, calcium pantothenate 4-10%, ethoxyquinoline 8-15%, vitamin K 8-15%, inositol 15-30%, vitamin B3 15-30%.
As the further optimization of stichopus japonicus of the present invention with compound Chinese herb mixed bait, each weight percentages of components of compound sea salt is: KI 2-3%, cobalt chloride 2-3%, ferrous sulfate 5-7%, zinc sulfate 5-7%, magnesium sulfate 35-43%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 40-48%; In B B-complex, each weight percentages of components is: vitamin B12 0.5-1.5%, biotin 0.5-.5%, vitamine D3 1.0-2.5%, folic acid 1.0-2.5%, vitamin A 1.8-2.3%, vitamin B1 2.2-3.2%, vitamin E 3.1-4.7%, vitamin B2 3.3-5.9%, vitamin B6 5-7%, calcium pantothenate 6-8%, ethoxyquinoline 10-13%, vitamin K1 0-13%, inositol 20-25%, vitamin B3 20-25%.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of a kind of stichopus japonicus compound Chinese herb mixed bait, first by each for said herbal medicine composition component through ultramicro grinding, then add in foundation bait according to the ratio of foundation bait quality 2-5%, mix rear 200-250 order excessively.
As the further optimization of stichopus japonicus of the present invention by the preparation method of compound Chinese herb mixed bait, wherein Chinese herbal medicine adds in foundation bait with 3-4% foundation bait ratio.
Present invention also offers the application of stichopus japonicus compound Chinese herb mixed bait, this stichopus japonicus is applied to preparation with compound Chinese herb mixed bait and improves the stagnant length of stichopus japonicus, improves the purposes of the stichopus japonicus mixed bait of stichopus japonicus growth indexes, immunity and premunition, also can be used for preparing the purposes of the stichopus japonicus mixed bait improving culture water quality of tank system and reduce feed coefficient simultaneously.
The present invention is as a kind of stichopus japonicus compound Chinese herb mixed bait, and tool has the following advantages compared with existing stichopus japonicus mixed bait:
(1) raw material nutritive value is comprehensive, reasonable mixture ratio, and adds the compound Chinese herb containing various immunologic active material according to Chinese herbal medicine combination principle, effectively can improve the stagnant long situation of its seedling, promotes that stichopus japonicus searches for food, improves its rate of body weight gain, and reduce feed coefficient; Improve the immunity of stichopus japonicus and the resistance to Common Diseases, improve apostichopus japonicus culture water water quality simultaneously, thus significantly improve survival rate of Apostichopus japonicus;
(2) feed processing technology of the present invention is simple, and good palatability, has no side effect, and not easily produces drug resistance, degradable in natural environment, noresidue in stichopus japonicus body;
(3) test shows, uses, effectively can improve the stagnant long situation of seedling of Apostichopus japonicus at stichopus japonicus nursery stage, and in growth indexes: rate of body weight gain improves 31.67%; In immunity: acid phosphatase (ACP) vigor improves 53.25%; Alkaline phosphatase (AKP) vigor improves 58.75%; Superoxide dismutase (SOD) vigor improves 1.07%; Lysozyme (LZM) vigor improves 63.16%; Antibacterial activity (Ua) improves 64.06%.Separately throw something and feed after this bait NH in aquaculture water
3-N content on average reduces by 33.76%, COD content and on average reduces 8.5%, and feed coefficient on average reduces 55.86%.In premunition: can effectively prevent common bacterial disease.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the weightening finish figure of the stagnant long seedling of compound Chinese herb mixed bait treatment;
Fig. 2 is the variation diagram of stichopus japonicus weightening finish;
Fig. 3 is the effect diagram of compound Chinese herb mixed bait to feed coefficient;
Fig. 4 is that compound Chinese herb mixed bait is to NH in water
3the effect diagram of-N content;
Fig. 5 is the effect diagram of compound Chinese herb mixed bait to COD content in water;
Fig. 6 is the variation diagram of acid phosphatase (ACP) in stichopus japonicus coelomic fluid;
Fig. 7 is the variation diagram of stichopus japonicus coelomic fluid alkaline phosphatase (AKP);
Fig. 8 is the variation diagram of lysozyme (LZM) in stichopus japonicus coelomic fluid;
Fig. 9 is the variation diagram of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in stichopus japonicus coelomic fluid;
Figure 10 is the variation diagram of the antibacterial activity (Ua) of stichopus japonicus coelomic fluid.
Detailed description of the invention
The following examples will be further described the present invention, but not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1: the screening of compound Chinese herb:
According to relevant aquatic products pathogenic bacteria and the antibacterial research experience of Chinese herbal medicine, and a large amount of previous experiments, from common hundreds of kind Chinese herbal medicine, just select the basic components of 15 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines as this bait, these 15 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines are respectively hawthorn, dried orange peel, the bark of eucommia, cloves, Radix Isatidis, radix bupleuri, Radix Glycyrrhizae, the Radix Astragali, Poria cocos, borneol, the fleece-flower root, matrimony vine, honeysuckle, the tuber of stemona, folium isatidis.According to the fungistatic effect of common pathogen in its suppression stichopus japonicus production process, to the facilitation of the growth of stichopus japonicus and the compound of relevant Chinese herbal medicine combination principle screening Chinese herbal medicine.Concrete fungistatic effect is shown in Fig. 1.
Specific experiment process:
1. collecting cells
Get-80 DEG C of frozen bacterial classifications, carry out plate streaking at solid medium, cultivate 24h for 28 DEG C.Picking list bacterium colony carries out shaking table and cultivates 16h (28 DEG C, 160r/min) in fluid nutrient medium, and 0.5 Maxwell opacity tube adjustment bacteria suspension concentration is to 1.0 × 10
8individual/ml, for follow-up test.
2. the preparation of Chinese herbal medicine extract
The preparation of Chinese herbal medicine extract: Chinese herbal medicine is pulverized, and takes 5g, adds 200ml about 50 DEG C of distilled water, soak 2h, big fire is heated to boiling, slow fire infusion 90min, eight layers of filtered through gauze, leach decocting liquid, repeat 2 times, merging filtrate, 60 DEG C of rotary evaporations are concentrated into 5ml, now crude drug concentration is 1g/ml, and 121 DEG C of sterilizings are placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators for subsequent use.
3. inhibition zone measures
Cut-off footpath is the aseptic flat board of 90mm, the solid medium 7-9ml that injection heating melts, is spread out at the bottom of dish uniformly, places aseptic working platform, solidify rear stand-byly to be added in about 40 DEG C of TSA culture mediums with the ratio of 1:25 by the bacteria suspension prepared, get 7-9ml and be evenly coated on the culture medium that solidified.4, the Oxford cup of sterilizing put into by each flat board, adds 150 μ L Chinese herbal medicine stostes, using 1.5% physiological saline as negative control, receives mycin as positive control using card, 28 DEG C of constant temperature culture 24h, observes and produces with or without inhibition zone, and survey antibacterial circle diameter size.Eachly do 2 repetitions, each hole is got different directions and is measured 2 times, gets its typical value.Criterion: antibacterial circle diameter 0-10mm is resistance, and 10-20mm is medium sensitivity, is greater than 20mm for responsive.15 kinds of folk prescription Chinese herbal medicine inhibition zone measurement result/mm to the common Apostichopus japonicus pathogenic bacteria of four strains are as shown in table 1.
Table 1:15 kind folk prescription Chinese herbal medicine is to the inhibition zone measurement result/mm of the common Apostichopus japonicus pathogenic bacteria of four strains
0mm represents resistance, and 10-20mm represents medium sensitivity, and >20mm represents sensitivity
Choosing wherein 10 taste Chinese herbal medicines according to the growth promoting function in above fungistatic effect, embodiment and relevant Chinese herbal medicine combination principle is the formula of compound Chinese herb, is respectively: hawthorn, dried orange peel, the bark of eucommia, the fleece-flower root, Radix Isatidis, radix bupleuri, Radix Glycyrrhizae, the Radix Astragali, Poria cocos, borneol.
On January 10th, 2014 carries out series of experiments in Panjin City seedling incubating field, Liaoning Province, and 2000 water bodys are now used in this ginseng field, and seawater salinity is 26, and temperature is 11-12 DEG C.
No. 4, No. 6 ponds that January 9 is selected has a large amount of stagnant long seedling, a gesture poor and general 18,20,22, No. 24 ponds of growing way are experiment pool, and stagnant long seedling contrast pond is No. 2 ponds, and normal control pond is No. 21 ponds; Wherein No. 4, No. 6 experiment pool have the lower seedling of a large amount of sieve and old man's seedling to exist, the stagnant length of this seedling and head number size is uneven, adopt compound Chinese herb treatment to process.Experimental session, experiment pool is stopped using all medicines relevant to antibiotic; Nursing is responsible for by this ginseng factory personnel in all contrast ponds.
Embodiment 2: the optimization of the concrete proportioning of compound Chinese herb mixed bait
One, experimentation:
1, take the compound Chinese herb bait of different percentage composition every day and overground, be configured to test materials.On 10-January 26 January, contrast pond basic bait of throwing something and feeding every day is 3.5kg, and experiment pool adds the basic bait containing 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% compound Chinese herb respectively.Wherein bait proportioning following (concrete inventory is in table two)
The percentage by weight of medicinal herb components is: hawthorn 15-30%, dried orange peel 10-15%, bark of eucommia 5-10%, fleece-flower root 10-15%, Radix Isatidis 10-15%, radix bupleuri 10-15%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-9%, Radix Astragali 5-9%, Poria cocos 1-5% and borneol 1-5%;
The percentage by weight of foundation bait composition is: ooze 35-40%, doederlein spikemoss herb powder 15%-20%, Kelp Powder 10-15%, shellfish powder 4-6%, sargassum thunbergii powder 10-15%, spirulina 0.5-1%, fish meal 2-4%, soybean protein 2-4%, shrimp chaff 1-3%, dusty yeast 0.2-0.8%, compound sea salt 1.3-2.2%, B B-complex 1.5-2.5%, sucrose 1.5-2.5%.
The compound medium-height grass of the different rate of charge of table 2:4 kind coordinates pharmaceutical chemistry formula (unit g)
2, throw something and feed every afternoon 2, every day feeding once.
3, within every 3 days, change water once, within 15-20 days, fall pond once, weigh respectively behind pond, calculate rate of body weight gain.
As shown in Figure 1, in four groups of tests, the rate of body weight gain of experimental group is all higher than control group, and after namely adopting compound Chinese herb mixed bait, the rate of body weight gain of stichopus japonicus is better than only throwing something and feeding the rate of body weight gain of basic mixed bait, has good raising effect to the growth of stichopus japonicus.The dosage rate of body weight gain of 4% on average improves 36.89%; On average 29.12% is improve during the fifth phase.
It is pointed out that, in order to reach better effects, in compound sea salt, each weight percentages of components is: KI 1-5%, cobalt chloride 1-5%, zinc sulfate 4-8%, ferrous sulfate 4-8%, magnesium sulfate 30-47%, dihydric phosphate 35-52%; In B B-complex, each weight percentages of components is: vitamin B12 0.2-2%, biotin 0.2-2%, vitamine D3 0.5-2.8%, folic acid 0.5-2.8%, vitamin A 0.8-3.8%, vitamin B1 1.2-4.2%, vitamin E 2.1-5.7%, vitamin B2 2.3-6.9%, vitamin B6 3-9%, calcium pantothenate 4-10%, ethoxyquinoline 8-15%, vitamin K 8-15%, inositol 15-30%, vitamin B3 15-30%.
In order to reach better effect, each weight percentages of components of compound sea salt is: KI 2-3%, cobalt chloride 2-3%, ferrous sulfate 5-7%, zinc sulfate 5-7%, magnesium sulfate 35-43%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 40-48%; In B B-complex, each weight percentages of components is: vitamin B12 0.5-1.5%, biotin 0.5-.5%, vitamine D3 1.0-2.5%, folic acid 1.0-2.5%, vitamin A 1.8-2.3%, vitamin B12 .2-3.2%, vitamin E 3.1-4.7%, vitamin B2 3.3-5.9%, vitamin B6 5-7%, calcium pantothenate 6-8%, ethoxyquinoline 10-13%, vitamin K 10-13%, inositol 20-25%, vitamin B3 20-25%.
In compound sea salt and B B-complex, each constituent content can formula 5 to formula 12 in reference table three and table four.
Table three: each constituent content (unit g) in every 100g compound sea salt
| Formula 5 | Formula 6 | Formula 7 | Formula 8 | |
| KI | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 |
| Cobalt chloride | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 |
| Ferrous sulfate | 4 | 8 | 5 | 7 |
| Zinc sulfate | 8 | 4 | 7 | 5 |
| Magnesium sulfate | 30 | 47 | 35 | 43 |
| Calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 52 | 35 | 48 | 40 |
Table four: each constituent content (unit g) in every 100g B B-complex
| Formula 9 | Formula 10 | Formula 11 | Formula 12 | |
| Vitamin B12 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.5 | 1.5 |
| Biotin | 0.2 | 2 | 0.5 | 1.5 |
| Vitamine D3 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 1 |
| Folic acid | 2.8 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 1 |
| Vitamin A | 0.8 | 3.8 | 1.8 | 2.8 |
| Vitamin B1 | 4.2 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 3.2 |
| Vitamin E | 5.7 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 4.7 |
| Vitamin B2 | 2.3 | 6.9 | 5.9 | 3.3 |
| Vitamin B6 | 3 | 9 | 5 | 7 |
| Calcium pantothenate | 10 | 4 | 8 | 6 |
| Ethoxyquinoline | 8 | 15 | 10 | 13 |
| Vitamin K | 15 | 8 | 13 | 10 |
| Inositol | 15 | 30 | 20 | 25 |
| Vitamin B3 | 30 | 15 | 25 | 20 |
Embodiment 3
Apply this compound Chinese herb mixed bait to the treatment of the stagnant lunge ginseng of cultivation factory and result.
Specific experiment pond and contrast pond proportioning of throwing something and feeding as follows:
Experiment pool:
Medicinal herb components adds in basic mixed bait in the dosage of 2% foundation bait ratio, throw something and feed in 4, No. 6 experiment pool, because stagnant long seedling is the less seedling of 800-900 head's number, therefore the Chinese herbal medicine of 2% dose of only throwing something and feeding (taking the compound Chinese herb mixed bait of formula 1 in embodiment 2);
Contrast pond:
Only adopt the composition of the foundation bait part in embodiment 2 in formula 1 as blank;
As shown in Figure 2, this compound Chinese herb effectively can promote the weightening finish of stagnant long seedling, and compared with contrast pond, its rate of body weight gain is up to 27%.The present invention utilizes compound Chinese herb mixed bait to strengthen stichopus japonicus growth indexes, immunity and premunition, improves cultured output and quality, significant for ensureing safety, the high yield of apostichopus japonicus culture production.
Embodiment 4
Compound Chinese herb mixed bait is thrown something and fed and effect:
Medicinal herb components adds (formula 3 in embodiment) in basic mixed bait in the dosage of 2% foundation bait ratio, carries out following experiment of throwing something and feeding.
1. growth indexes effect and water quality detection test group:
Every day observes the growth conditions of seedling sooner or later, and detects its temperature (T), salinity (S), dissolved oxygen (Do), pH value, NH
3-N content, H
2s content, COD content, and calculate the number of seedling.
As shown in Figure 3, experimental group feed coefficient (feed coefficient: the i.e. ratio of bait consumption and sea cucumber gain in weight) is starkly lower than control group, on average reduces 0.4;
As shown in Figure 4, the NH in aquaculture water
3-N content progressively raises along with time variations, decreases after changing water, meanwhile, and the NH of experimental group
3-N content, all lower than control group, on average reduces about 28.8%, significantly reduces the NH in breeding seawater after showing to add Chinese herbal medicine
3-N content;
As shown in Figure 5, the COD content in aquaculture water progressively raises along with time variations, decreases after changing water, and meanwhile, the COD content of experimental group, all lower than control group, on average reduces about 15%, significantly reduces COD content in water after showing to add Chinese herbal medicine.
2. Immune-enhancing effect test effect detection experiment group:
After on-test, within every 6 days, sampling should be carried out, 10 stichopus japonicus are fished in each every pond, by sterile scissors in shredding stichopus japonicus on ice, extract 2mL in centrifuge tube with micropipette rifle subsequently, measure the index that centrifuge tube mesenteron liquid acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), lysozyme (LZM), superoxide dismutase (SOD), antibacterial activity (Ua) etc. are relevant to stichopus japonicus immunity height.From Fig. 6-Figure 10, the every immunity index of stichopus japonicus is along with the progressively enhancing of Feeding time, and experimental group is apparently higher than control group, and wherein acid phosphatase (ACP) vigor on average improves 53.25%; Alkaline phosphatase (AKP) vigor on average improves 58.75%; Superoxide dismutase (SOD) vigor improves 1.07%; Lysozyme (LZM) vigor improves 63.16%; Antibacterial activity (Ua) improves 64.06%.This shows, compound Chinese herb mixed bait can significantly improve the immunity of stichopus japonicus.
Embodiment 5
The drug safety test of compound Chinese herb
1. test group to throw something and feed the mixed bait (in embodiment 2 fill a prescription 1) of compound Chinese herb of interpolation 2% foundation bait, control group is thrown something and fed the basic mixed bait mixed bait part of 1 (in the embodiment 2 fill a prescription), throw something and feed 10d altogether, observe its growth conditions every day and situation of ingesting, well-grown, situation without exception.
2. test group to throw something and feed the mixed bait (in embodiment 2 fill a prescription 2) of compound Chinese herb of interpolation 3% foundation bait, control group is thrown something and fed the basic mixed bait mixed bait part of 2 (in the embodiment 2 fill a prescription), throw something and feed 5d altogether, observe its growth conditions every day and situation of ingesting, well-grown, situation without exception.
3. test group to throw something and feed the mixed bait (in embodiment 2 fill a prescription 3) of compound Chinese herb of interpolation 4% foundation bait, control group is thrown something and fed the basic mixed bait mixed bait part of 3 (in the embodiment 2 fill a prescription), throw something and feed 10d altogether, observe its growth conditions every day and situation of ingesting, well-grown, situation without exception.
4. test group to throw something and feed the mixed bait (in embodiment 2 fill a prescription 4) of compound Chinese herb of interpolation 5% foundation bait, control group is thrown something and fed the basic mixed bait mixed bait part of 4 (in the embodiment 2 fill a prescription), throw something and feed 10d altogether, observe its growth conditions every day and situation of ingesting, well-grown, situation without exception.
5. experimental group is thrown something and fed the mixed bait of compound Chinese herb of interpolation 10% foundation bait respectively, and control group is thrown something and fed basic mixed bait, and throw something and feed 10d altogether, observes its growth conditions every day and situation of ingesting, well-grown, situation without exception.
6. experimental group is thrown something and fed the mixed bait of compound Chinese herb of interpolation 15% foundation bait respectively, and control group is thrown something and fed basic mixed bait, and throw something and feed 15d altogether, observes its growth conditions every day and situation of ingesting, well-grown, situation without exception.
Conclusion: compared with control group, the experimental group stichopus japonicus state of compound Chinese herb mixed bait of throwing something and feeding is better than control group.Experimental group stichopus japonicus growth conditions is more active compared with control group, and the more sharp-pointed food ration food ration simultaneously of Backstab is large.Simultaneously in conjunction with the embodiments 2 known, content of throwing something and feeding is that the mixed bait of the compound Chinese herb of 4% foundation bait is more favourable to stichopus japonicus growth, and the effect that other content are the mixed bait of the compound Chinese herb of 5%, 10%, 15% foundation bait is slightly inferior to 4%, and considerably increase aquaculture cost.Admittedly think that this compound Chinese herb mixed bait growth to stichopus japonicus has no side effect, and best proportion is 4%.
Claims (8)
1. a stichopus japonicus compound Chinese herb mixed bait, is made up of Chinese herbal medicine and foundation bait, the 2-5% of food quality based on Chinese herbal medicine quality; It is characterized in that:
The percentage by weight of described medicinal herb components is: hawthorn 15-30%, dried orange peel 10-15%, bark of eucommia 5-10%, fleece-flower root 10-15%, Radix Isatidis 10-15%, radix bupleuri 10-15%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-9%, Radix Astragali 5-9%, Poria cocos 1-5% and borneol 1-5%;
The percentage by weight of described foundation bait composition is: ooze 35-40%, doederlein spikemoss herb powder 15%-20%, Kelp Powder 10-15%, shellfish powder 4-6%, sargassum thunbergii powder 10-15%, spirulina 0.5-1%, fish meal 2-4%, soybean protein 2-4%, shrimp chaff 1-3%, dusty yeast 0.2-0.8%, compound sea salt 1.3-2.2%, B B-complex 1.5-2.5%, sucrose 1.5-2.5%.
2. stichopus japonicus according to claim 1 compound Chinese herb mixed bait, it is characterized in that, each weight percentages of components of described compound sea salt is: KI 1-5%, cobalt chloride 1-5%, zinc sulfate 4-8%, ferrous sulfate 4-8%, magnesium sulfate 30-47%, dihydric phosphate 35-52%.
3. stichopus japonicus according to claim 2 compound Chinese herb mixed bait, is characterized in that: each weight percentages of components of described compound sea salt is: KI 2-3%, cobalt chloride 2-3%, ferrous sulfate 5-7%, zinc sulfate 5-7%, magnesium sulfate 35-43%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 40-48%.
4. stichopus japonicus according to claim 2 compound Chinese herb mixed bait, is characterized in that: in described B B-complex, each weight percentages of components is: vitamin B12 0.2-2%, biotin 0.2-2%, vitamine D3 0.5-2.8%, folic acid 0.5-2.8%, vitamin A 0.8-3.8%, VB11 .2-4.2%, vitamin E 2.1-5.7%, vitamin B2 2.3-6.9%, vitamin B6 3-9%, calcium pantothenate 4-10%, ethoxyquinoline 8-15%, vitamin K 8-15%, inositol 15-30%, vitamin B3 15-30%.
5. stichopus japonicus according to claim 4 compound Chinese herb mixed bait, is characterized in that: in described B B-complex, each weight percentages of components is: vitamin B12 0.5-1.5%, biotin 0.5-.5%, vitamine D3 1.0-2.5%, folic acid 1.0-2.5%, vitamin A 1.8-2.3%, vitamin B12 .2-3.2%, vitamin E 3.1-4.7%, vitamin B2 3.3-5.9%, vitamin B6 5-7%, calcium pantothenate 6-8%, ethoxyquinoline 10-13%, vitamin K 10-13%, inositol 20-25%, vitamin B3 20-25%.
6. the stichopus japonicus according to claim 1 preparation method of compound Chinese herb mixed bait, it is characterized in that: by each for said herbal medicine composition component after ultramicro grinding, add in foundation bait according to the ratio of foundation bait quality 2-5%, mixing rear granularity is 200-250 order.
7. the stichopus japonicus according to claim 6 preparation method of compound Chinese herb mixed bait, is characterized in that: described Chinese herbal medicine adds in foundation bait with 3-4% foundation bait ratio.
8. stichopus japonicus according to claim 1 compound Chinese herb mixed bait is applied to the purposes that preparation improves the stichopus japonicus mixed bait of the stagnant length of stichopus japonicus, raising stichopus japonicus growth indexes, immunity and premunition, and is applied to the purposes that preparation improves the stichopus japonicus mixed bait of culture water quality of tank system and reduction feed coefficient.
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