CN103392934A - Full-balanced powder forage for adult stichopus japonicus - Google Patents
Full-balanced powder forage for adult stichopus japonicus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103392934A CN103392934A CN2013103346806A CN201310334680A CN103392934A CN 103392934 A CN103392934 A CN 103392934A CN 2013103346806 A CN2013103346806 A CN 2013103346806A CN 201310334680 A CN201310334680 A CN 201310334680A CN 103392934 A CN103392934 A CN 103392934A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-balanced powder forage for adult stichopus japonicas. The full-balanced powder forage comprises compounds of protein, starch, grease, composite vitamin, composite mineral, bacteria, algae and Chinese herbal medicine. The ratio of the compounds is designed based on physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of adult stichopus japonicus; the ratio is scientific and reasonable, and meets growth requirements of stichopus japonicus; the powder forage is developed based on characteristics of greenhouse cultivation of stichopus japonicus; it is confirmed by feeding that absorptivity is high, and digestive efficiency is excellent. The Chinese herbal medicine and the bacteria are added specially, so that the full-balanced powder forage has significant effects on improvement of physical condition of adult stichopus japonicus, and morbidity in cultivation is low. Single-celled algae and macrophytic algae are added into the full-balanced powder forage according to feeding characteristics of stichopus japonicus, so that the full-balanced powder forage is popular with stichopus japonicus, and growth speed of stichopus japonicus fast.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the aquatic feed technical field, be specifically related to a kind of stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng.
Background technology
At present, produce the cultivation of enterprising assassination ginseng and mainly contain dual mode, a kind of is pond culture, and a kind of is the booth cultivation.Comparatively speaking, it is extensive that pond culture seems, specification requirement is slightly low, and is also more more extensive on management, and stichopus japonicus grows with this understanding, and affected by the temperature external environment larger.And booth cultivates owing to cultivating under indoor environment, and technological facilities is more advanced, and also higher to the requirement of management, but less owing to being affected by the external environment, survival rate of Apostichopus japonicus is higher, and cultivation efficiency is also higher.
In the booth breeding process, to the stichopus japonicus feed of throwing something and feeding, and effectively management is carried out in the input of whole feed is one of important step of apostichopus japonicus culture success.But at present specially the stichopus japonicus for the cultivation of stichopus japonicus booth becomes the ginseng feed actually rare, even have after also mostly being based on other aquatic feeds chemical formulation changes, obtains.But the cultivation of stichopus japonicus is that China is exclusive, the not cultivation of stichopus japonicus, let alone the exploitation of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed abroad.In general, the research and development of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed are at home even in the world all a little less than relative thin.Therefore, how to catch up with the practice of apostichopus japonicus culture, the apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed that adapts is with it developed in cultivation for the stichopus japonicus booth, particularly becomes the ginseng feed to seem and extremely is necessary.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng, to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art.
Stichopus japonicus of the present invention becomes the full balance powder feed of ginseng, and feed ingredient includes 25% ~ 45% protein component, 10% ~ 20% starch ingredients, 3% ~ 10% oil component, 1% ~ 6% B B-complex, 1% ~ 6% composite mineral matter, 25% ~ 45% algae component and 5% ~ 10% herbal component.
Described protein component is composed as follows: 20%～40% white fish meal, 20%～40% rape cake, 10%～20% soy meal, 5%～10% shrimp chaff, 5%～10% digested tankage and 5%～10% lactalbumin.
Described starch ingredients be in cornstarch, Strong flour or tapioca starch any or several, when being composition, be 30%～50% cornstarch, 20%～40% Strong flour, 20%～40% tapioca starch.
The mass percent of described grease consists of: 20%～40% soya-bean oil, 30%～50% cod-liver oil, 20%～40% palm oil.
Described algae component comprises that the Micro Algae of the cylindrotheca clostetium of 10% ~ 20% haematococcus pluvialis and 30% ~ 50% forms, the large-scale algae that also comprises the sea-tangle of 10% ~ 20% hole sea lettuce, 10% ~ 20% sargassum thunbergii and 10% ~ 20% forms, and large-scale algae grinds with liquid form and adds in feed.
Described Chinese herbal medicine includes the component of following mass percent: 30% ~ 50% ceylon persimmon sawdust, 5% ~ 15% rheum officinale, 10% ~ 20% peppermint, 5% ~ 10% Herba Andrographitis, 5% ~ 10% Guan Zhong and 10% ~ 20% tarragon.
Stichopus japonicus of the present invention becomes the full balance powder feed of ginseng also to include 5% ~ 15% cell component, and described cell component includes the component of following mass percent: 20%～40% red marine bacteria, 30%～50% marine yeast and 20%～40% purple nonsulfur bacteria.
The present invention is directed to the physilogical characteristics of stichopus japonicus and proportioning and the optimization that nutritional need has carried out various compositions, on this basis, also meticulously select feedstuff, by the optimum organization to feedstuff, realize the full balance of stichopus japonicus nutrition, the growth rate of stichopus japonicus is improved, the speed of growth is faster, the product features of stichopus japonicus is better, meets the requirement of consumer to profile.Feed of the present invention is after throwing something and feeding, and absorptivity is high, and digestive efficiency is good.In addition, special Chinese herbal medicine and the bacterium composition that adds of the present invention, become the physique of ginseng that obvious effect is arranged to strengthening stichopus japonicus, and in breeding process, the incidence of disease is low.The characteristics of ingesting that the Micro Algae that adds and large-scale algae meet stichopus japonicus, become ginseng happiness food, fast growth.Feed of the present invention is for the production of rear, and survival rate of Apostichopus japonicus and rate of body weight gain are all apparently higher than other similar brand feeds, and the cost performance that feed of the present invention is good simultaneously, for the cost that the fisherman has reduced cultivation, has promoted fisherman's increased income.
The specific embodiment
Below to stichopus japonicus of the present invention, become full balance powder feed of ginseng phase to be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Prepare 1000 gram stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng, at first prepare 400 gram protein components, comprise white fish meal 160 grams, rape cake 100 grams, soy meal 80 grams, shrimp chaff 20 grams, digested tankage 20 grams, lactalbumin 20 grams.
Prepare again 100 gram starch ingredients, comprise cornstarch 50 grams, Strong flour 30 grams, tapioca starch 20 grams.
Then prepare 70 gram greases, comprise soya-bean oil 28 grams, cod-liver oil 28 grams, palm oil 14 grams.
Prepare 50 gram cell components, comprise red marine bacteria 10 grams, marine yeast 25 grams, purple nonsulfur bacteria 15 grams.
Prepare 20 gram B B-complexes, composition and content are 0.4 gram Cobastab
10.4 gram Cobastab
21 gram Cobastab
60.4 gram Cobastab
120.4 gram folic acid; 1 gram calcium pantothenate; 2 gram inositols; 1 gram nicotinic acid; 1 gram biotin; 3 gram vitamin Cs; 3 gram vitamin As; 3 gram vitamin Ds; 3 gram vitamin Es; 0.4 gram vitamin K.
Prepare 50 gram composite mineral matters, composition and content are 10 gram zinc; 15 gram iron; 5 gram copper; 5 gram manganese; 1.5 gram iodine; 2.5 gram selenium; 1 gram cobalt; 10 gram magnesium, mix the formation composite mineral matter thoroughly.
B B-complex, composite mineral matter are pulverized and mixed thoroughly respectively.
Prepare 260 gram algae components, comprise that the Micro Algae of haematococcus pluvialis 46 grams and cylindrotheca clostetium 122 grams forms, Micro Algae is pulverized; The large-scale algae of hole sea lettuce 28 grams, sargassum thunbergii 36 grams and sea-tangle 28 grams forms, and large-scale algae grinds with liquid form and adds in feed.
Prepare 50 gram Chinese herbal medicines, composition and content are ceylon persimmon sawdust 20 grams, rheum officinale 7.5 grams, peppermint 5 grams, Herba Andrographitis 5 grams, secondary 2.5 grams of pipe, tarragon 10 grams.
Obtain protein component 400 grams, starch ingredients 100 grams, oil component 70 grams, B B-complex 20 grams, composite mineral matter 50 grams, cell component 50 grams, algae component 260 grams, Chinese herbal medicine 50 grams.
Above-mentioned nutrition composition is mixed thoroughly, coarse crushing, carried out ultramicro grinding again, then render to different feed bins, control by computer the mixing that feeds intake, after feed is placed in vacuum drying chamber raw material is fully mixed,, 40 ℃～70 ℃ dryings 24 hours, namely make stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng.
This stichopus japonicus becomes the full balance powder feed of ginseng when throwing something and feeding, and throws something and feeds after mixing thoroughly with the ratio of 1:3 ~ 8 with ooze or ooze substitute.
Embodiment 2
Prepare 1000 gram stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng, at first prepare 250 gram protein components, comprise white fish meal 75 grams, rape cake 75 grams, soy meal 50 grams, shrimp chaff 12.5 grams, digested tankage 25 grams, lactalbumin 12.5 grams.
Prepare again 130 gram starch ingredients, comprise cornstarch 39 grams, Strong flour 52 grams, tapioca starch 39 grams.
Then prepare 100 gram greases, comprise soya-bean oil 35 grams, cod-liver oil 35 grams, 30 gram palm oils.
Prepare 50 gram cell components, comprise red marine bacteria 20 grams, marine yeast 20 grams, purple nonsulfur bacteria 10 grams.
Prepare 20 gram B B-complexes, composition and content are 0.4 gram Cobastab
10.4 gram Cobastab
21 gram Cobastab
60.4 gram Cobastab
120.4 gram folic acid; 1 gram calcium pantothenate; 2 gram inositols; 1 gram nicotinic acid; 1 gram biotin; 3 gram vitamin Cs; 3 gram vitamin As; 3 gram vitamin Ds; 3 gram vitamin Es; 0.4 gram vitamin K.
Prepare 50 gram composite mineral matters, composition and content are 10 gram zinc; 15 gram iron; 5 gram copper; 5 gram manganese; 1.5 gram iodine; 2.5 gram selenium; 1 gram cobalt; 10 gram magnesium, mix the formation composite mineral matter thoroughly.
B B-complex, composite mineral matter are pulverized and mixed thoroughly respectively.
Prepare 350 gram algae components, comprise that the Micro Algae of haematococcus pluvialis 35 grams and cylindrotheca clostetium 175 grams forms, Micro Algae is pulverized; The large-scale algae of hole sea lettuce 35 grams, sargassum thunbergii 70 grams and sea-tangle 35 grams forms, and large-scale algae grinds with liquid form and adds in feed.
Prepare 50 gram Chinese herbal medicines, composition and content are ceylon persimmon sawdust 15 grams, rheum officinale 7.5 grams, peppermint 7.5 grams, Herba Andrographitis 5 grams, secondary 5 grams of pipe, tarragon 10 grams.
Obtain protein component 250 grams, starch ingredients 130 grams, oil component 100 grams, B B-complex 20 grams, composite mineral matter 50 grams, cell component 50 grams, algae component 350 grams, Chinese herbal medicine 50 grams.
Above-mentioned nutrition composition is mixed thoroughly, coarse crushing, carried out ultramicro grinding again, then render to different feed bins, control by computer the mixing that feeds intake, after feed is placed in vacuum drying chamber raw material is fully mixed,, 40 ℃～70 ℃ dryings 24 hours, namely make stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng.
This stichopus japonicus becomes the full balance powder feed of ginseng when throwing something and feeding, and throws something and feeds after mixing thoroughly with the ratio of 1:3 ~ 8 with ooze or ooze substitute.
3 processing are set in test, and embodiment 1 becomes the full balance powder feed group of ginseng for the stichopus japonicus of throwing something and feeding, and embodiment 2 is the full balance powder feed of another stichopus japonicus of throwing something and feeding group, and control group is established 3 repetitions for the common mixed feed group of throwing something and feeding, each processing.Test becomes ginseng with the same a collection of stichopus japonicus that ginseng is artificial propagation, and it is 8.37 ± 0.08,8.38 ± 0.08 and 8.35 ± 0.06 grams that average initial body weight is respectively.Culture experiment carries out in Qingdao seven good nutrition aquatic animal research institute of Science and Technology Ltd. laboratory.The cultivation unit is 200L cylinder bucket, and each bucket is put 110 stichopus japonicus, and breeding water is well water, and every day, quantity of exchanged water was 70%, 16 ℃ ~ 17 ℃ of duration of test water temperatures, and salinity is 30, and filling air increases pond water oxygen content, and the number of times of throwing something and feeding is consistent with feeding method.
Cultivate after 60 days, sample is gathered, weighs, counts, and carry out statistical analysis.
The rate, feed efficiency, feed coefficient, feed cost of throwing something and feeding rate of body weight gain, specific growth rate, day calculated with reference to following formula:
Rate of body weight gain=(W
Eventually-W
Begin)/W
Begin* 100%
Specific growth rate=(LnW
Eventually-LnW
Begin)/t * 100%
Day grazing rate=W
f/ ((W
Eventually+ W
Begin)/2)/t * 100%
Feed coefficient=W
f/ (W
Eventually-W
Begin)
The feed cost of the foster 1 jin of ginseng=feed cost of throwing something and feeding/ginseng body total augment weight
In formula, t for the test number of days (my god), W
fFor the feed heavy (g) of on average ingesting, W
EventuallyFor the whole last average weight (g) of stichopus japonicus, W
BeginFor the initial average weight of stichopus japonicus (g).
Test data is carried out one-way analysis of variance with SPSS 13.0 statistical softwares.
Table 1: feed of the present invention and other brand feeds become the impact (60 days time result of the test) of ginseng growth on stichopus japonicus
Data analysis shows, while utilizing feed that embodiment 1 prepares to carry out culture experiment, stichopus japonicus becomes ginseng survival rate 95.33%, rate of body weight gain 65.43%, specific growth rate 0.84%, feed coefficient 1.40,4.50 yuan/jin of feed prices, support 6.31 yuan/jin of the feed costs of 1 jin of ginseng.
While utilizing feed that embodiment 2 prepares to carry out culture experiment, stichopus japonicus becomes ginseng survival rate 97.67%, rate of body weight gain 86.33%, specific growth rate 1.04%, feed coefficient 1.26,4.50 yuan/jin of feed prices, support 5.66 yuan/jin of the feed costs of 1 jin of ginseng.
While utilizing the feed of control group to carry out culture experiment, stichopus japonicus becomes ginseng survival rate 91.00%, rate of body weight gain 45.96%, specific growth rate 0.63%, feed coefficient 1.71,5.00 yuan/jin of feed prices, supports 6.85 yuan/jin of 1 jin of ginseng feed costs.
The survival rate of two embodiment, rate of body weight gain, specific growth rate all will be higher than control groups, and embodiment 2 will be higher than embodiment 1, and the feed cost of feed coefficient, foster 1 jin of ginseng is all lower than control group, and embodiment's 2 will be lower than embodiment 1, think with the nutrition-allocated proportion of the full balance of the present invention closely related, more relevant to the cell component that adds.
Claims (9)
1. a stichopus japonicus becomes the full balance powder feed of ginseng, and described feed includes 25% ~ 45% protein component, 10% ~ 20% starch ingredients, 3% ~ 10% oil component, 1% ~ 6% B B-complex, 1% ~ 6% composite mineral matter, 25% ~ 45% algae component and 5% ~ 10% herbal component.
2. feed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described protein component is composed as follows: 20%～40% white fish meal, 20%～40% rape cake, 10%～20% soy meal, 5%～10% shrimp chaff, 5%～10% digested tankage and 5%～10% lactalbumin.
3. feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described starch ingredients be in cornstarch, Strong flour or tapioca starch any or several.
4. feed as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that described starch ingredients is cornstarch, Strong flour and tapioca starch, and it consists of 30%～50% cornstarch, 20%～40% Strong flour, 20%～40% tapioca starch.
5. feed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the mass percent of described grease consists of: 20%～40% soya-bean oil, 30%～50% cod-liver oil, 20%～40% palm oil.
6. feed as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described algae component comprises 10% ~ 20% haematococcus pluvialis, 30% ~ 50% cylindrotheca clostetium, 10% ~ 20% hole sea lettuce, 10% ~ 20% sargassum thunbergii and 10% ~ 20% sea-tangle.
7. feed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described Chinese herbal medicine includes the component of following mass percent: 30% ~ 50% ceylon persimmon sawdust, 5% ~ 15% rheum officinale, 10% ~ 20% peppermint, 5% ~ 10% Herba Andrographitis, 5% ~ 10% Guan Zhong and 10% ~ 20% tarragon.
8. feed claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that also including 5% ~ 15% cell component, described cell component includes the component of following mass percent: 20%～40% red marine bacteria, 30%～50% marine yeast and 20%～40% purple nonsulfur bacteria.
9. the using method of feed claimed in claim 1 is to throw something and feed after feed and ooze or ooze substitute are mixed thoroughly with the ratio of 1:3～8.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104206924A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-17 | 苏州市相城区新时代特种水产养殖场 | Efficient fish and shrimp feed |
| CN104770608A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-15 | 张家港盛宏生物科技有限公司 | Compound Chinese herbal medicine formula feed for stichopus japonicus and preparation method as well as application thereof |
| CN106889371A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-06-27 | 新昌县田野泉养殖技术开发有限公司 | Flaky sea cucumber compound feed and its manufacture method |
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| CN101081059A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-05 | 山东六和集团有限公司 | Stichopus japonicus feed and method for preparing the same |
| CN101779751A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-07-21 | 河北农业大学 | Stichopus japonicus compound feed |
| CN102716186A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2012-10-10 | 大连海洋大学 | Composite immune enhancer for sea cucumber Chinese herbal medicines |
| CN103005216A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-03 | 青岛七好生物科技有限公司 | Sea mud substitute for adult stichopus japonicus feeds |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1468548A (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-01-21 | 中国海洋大学 | Compound feed for stichopus japonicus |
| CN101081059A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-05 | 山东六和集团有限公司 | Stichopus japonicus feed and method for preparing the same |
| CN101779751A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-07-21 | 河北农业大学 | Stichopus japonicus compound feed |
| CN102716186A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2012-10-10 | 大连海洋大学 | Composite immune enhancer for sea cucumber Chinese herbal medicines |
| CN103005216A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-03 | 青岛七好生物科技有限公司 | Sea mud substitute for adult stichopus japonicus feeds |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104206924A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-17 | 苏州市相城区新时代特种水产养殖场 | Efficient fish and shrimp feed |
| CN104770608A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-15 | 张家港盛宏生物科技有限公司 | Compound Chinese herbal medicine formula feed for stichopus japonicus and preparation method as well as application thereof |
| CN106889371A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-06-27 | 新昌县田野泉养殖技术开发有限公司 | Flaky sea cucumber compound feed and its manufacture method |
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| CN103392934B (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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