CN103583918B

CN103583918B - Formula and production method of puffed feed for speckled trouts

Info

Publication number: CN103583918B
Application number: CN201310604521.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董书阁; 侯文燕; 董静静; 王金波; 代书强; 侯文杰
Original assignee: Qingdao Jiarui Biological Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Jiarui Biological Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-11-26
Filing date: 2013-11-26
Publication date: 2014-10-15
Anticipated expiration: 2033-11-26
Also published as: CN103583918A

Abstract

The invention discloses a formula and a preparation method for a puffed feed for speckled trouts and aims to provide the puffed feed which is suitable for the digestion physiological characteristics of the speckled trouts, good in palatability, high in disease resistance and high in nutrient digestibility, and can lower the use amount of fish meal, solve the problem of the shortage of fish meal resources, reduce the addition of inorganic phosphorus sources, lower phosphorus pollution to an aquaculture water body so as to promote the development of the speckled trout cultivation industry in China. According to the invention, due to the optimization of the conventional formula of the puffed feed, the problem of overhigh content of fish meal in the conventional puffed feed is solved, and the nutrient digestibility and palatability of the puffed feed are improved. The puffed feed product disclosed by the invention has the advantages of remarkably prompting the quick growth of the speckled trouts, improving the cultivation survival rate and cultivation digestibility, lowering cultivation cost and discharging of nitrogen and phosphorus, improving the cultivation environment, and the like.

Description

A kind of formula and production method of spot trout salmon expanded pellet diet

Technical field

The formula and the preparation method that the present invention relates to a kind of spot trout salmon expanded pellet diet, belong to technical field of aquaculture feedstuff.

Background technology

Spot trout salmon ( salmon salar) Shu Guixingmu salmon section salmon genus, because being covered with spot, whole body gains the name, be commonly called as honorable fish, and be the one of salmon.As the one of salmon fishes, the former North America of originating from of spot trout salmon, mainly lives in ocean or large-size lake, migration is laid eggs in fresh, its existence water temperature range is 0～24 DEG C, and suitable water temperature range is 8～21 DEG C, and the most suitable growth water temperature range is 10～18 DEG C; Suitable salt scope is 0～33 ‰; Requirement water quality is pure and fresh, and dissolved oxygen amount is more than 6mg/L.

Spot trout salmon fine and tender taste, special taste delicious flavour, contain the multiple unrighted acid of abundant needed by human body and other nutriments, and taste is better than salmon.In addition, spot trout salmon also has unique medicinal health value, contains glycine, vitamin A, B that general fish do not have, and the content of ferro element is also apparently higher than other fish, the effectively generation of angiocardiopathy preventing.

Spot trout salmon belongs to cold water fishes, growth is fast, the suitable salt scope of thermophilic is wide, premunition is strong, it is one of topmost cultured fishes kind in the world, also be to propagate at present the cold water fishes that better results artificially, states such as () U.S., Canada, Northern Europe at present mainly in North America states such as () Norway, Sweden, Finland cultivation in a large number.

In sum, the cultivation of spot trout salmon has a extensive future, and within 2010, Shandong is introduced this kind and cultivates successfully, has captured spot trout salmon seed rearing difficulty, has found out spot trout salmon cultural technique main points, for batch production large-scale farming is laid a good foundation.But not yet there is the spot trout salmon feed of high palatability, high nutrition conversion ratio in aquatic feeds market at present, is limiting the development of China's spot trout salmon aquaculture.The present invention is directed to the present situation that existing market lacks special spot trout salmon feed, a kind of formula and preparation method of spot trout salmon expanded pellet diet is provided.

In addition, in spot trout salmon feed, the protein content of feed requires more than 40%, and general using fish meal as main protein source.Be subject in recent years the impact of the global fishery decline of natural resources, world's fish meal output declines year by year, and the fast development of culture fishery strengthens the consumption figure of fish meal day by day.Because causing fish meal price, the shortage phenomenon of fish meal rapidly goes up at present, if do not taken measures as early as possible, world fish meal is produced the development that unable support culture fishery is kept to fair speed, and the approach of therefore seeking Peru Fish Dietary becomes Animal nutrition research field and one of hot issue solving is puted forth effort by feed processing enterprise.In current spot trout salmon high-quality feed abroad, the animal protein content such as fish meal, shrimp med are more than 40%, and feed cost is in 10-12 unit/Kg left and right, and this kind of feed of feeding obviously exists two problems, and the one, feed cost is higher, and fanning economics is lower; The 2nd, owing to containing the phosphorus of higher amount in animal protein, a large amount of phosphorus that do not absorbed by fish body are discharged in environment, cause the concentration of breeding water body phosphorus significantly to raise, total phosphorus can reach 0.31mg/L, and active phosphorus can reach 0.25mg/L, exceeds national fishery water quality assessment standard (0.1mg/L), exceed national fishery water quality assessment standard (0.1mg/L), along with the prolongation of culturing time, phosphorus is constantly accumulation in water body, certainly will cause the generation of body eutrophication.Therefore, try to explore to utilize suitable protein sources Peru Fish Dietary, employ new technology, new technology, exploitation, development of new environment-friendly high-efficiency feed formula, to reduce feed cost, reduce environmental pollution, improve a kind of effective way of spot trout salmon culturing economic, ecological benefits.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide one to be both applicable to spot trout salmon digestive physiological characteristics, good palatability, resistance against diseases is strong, nutrition digestibility is high, can reduce again fish meal use amount, solve fish meal shortage of resources problem, reduce the interpolation of inorganic phosphorous sources, reduce expanded pellet diet formula and preparation method that breeding water body phosphorus pollutes.

The scheme that solves its technical problem is: a kind of spot trout salmon expanded pellet diet, and it is composed of the following components:

Steam fish meal: 5～10%

Fermented bean dregs: 40～50%

Loach powder: 10～20%

Rape cake: 5～10%

Flour: 10～15%

Brewer's yeast: 2～4%

Fish oil: 2～4%

Mineral additive: 1～2%

B B-complex: 1～2%

Micro-ecological additive: 1～2%

Cholesterol: 0.6～1.2%

Wherein said percentage is mass percent.

The present invention also aims to provide a kind of preparation method of spot trout salmon expanded pellet diet, spot trout salmon expanded pellet diet of the present invention is by adopting such method to realize: weigh each component by the each constituent mass percentage composition in formula, each raw material except B B-complex, fish oil, probiotics is mixed, and mixture homogeneity is greater than 95%; Mix rear ultramicro grinding, extremely each raw material all can pass through 20～40 object screen clothes; Material after pulverizing is passed into modified 5～8 minutes of 90～95 DEG C of steam in Double-shaft differential modulator, add fish oil then to make raw material at the temperature of 90～98 DEG C, enter the expanded granulation of extruder; The mode of later adding adds B B-complex and probiotics; Finally, at 93～100 DEG C of temperature, the particle making is dried, make spot trout salmon expanded pellet diet.

The present invention is directed to spot trout salmon digestive physiological characteristics, by the optimization of feed formula, solved the too high problem of fish meal content in expanded pellet diet, that has improved feed affects digestibility and palatability, and this invention feed has remarkable promotion spot trout salmon rapid growth, improve cultivation survival rate, reduce aquaculture cost, improve cultivation digestibility, reduce nitrogen, phosphorus excretion, improve the advantages such as breeding environment, there is higher cost performance.

Detailed description of the invention

embodiment 1:

1) batching: prepare burden (mass percent) according to following ratio: steam fish meal 10%, fermented bean dregs 45%, loach powder 20%, rape cake 5%, flour 10%, brewer's yeast 2%, mineral additive 1%, cholesterol 0.6%;

2) mix: the raw material after batching is mixed, and mixture homogeneity is greater than 95%;

3) ultramicro grinding: mix rear ultramicro grinding, extremely each raw material all can pass through 20～40 object screen clothes;

4) modified: the material after pulverizing is passed into modified 5～8 minutes of 90～95 DEG C of steam in Double-shaft differential modulator;

5) expanded: to add fish oil in 4% ratio, then make raw material at the temperature of 90～98 DEG C, enter the expanded granulation of extruder;

6) after, add: the mode of later adding adds B B-complex and probiotics, and adding proportion is B B-complex 1%, micro-ecological additive 1.4%;

7) dry: at 93～100 DEG C of temperature, the particle making is dried, make spot trout salmon expanded pellet diet.

embodiment 2:

1) batching: prepare burden (mass percent) according to following ratio: steam fish meal 8%, fermented bean dregs 47%, loach powder 14%, rape cake 8%, flour 12%, brewer's yeast 3%, mineral additive 1.4%, cholesterol 0.6%;

5) expanded: to add fish oil in 3% ratio, then make raw material at the temperature of 90～98 DEG C, enter the expanded granulation of extruder;

embodiment 3:

1) batching: prepare burden (mass percent) according to following ratio: steam fish meal 5%, fermented bean dregs 50%, loach powder 10%, rape cake 10%, flour 15%, brewer's yeast 2%, mineral additive 1.5%, cholesterol 0.6%;

6) after, add: the mode of later adding adds B B-complex and probiotics, and adding proportion is B B-complex 1.4%, micro-ecological additive 1.5%;

Above embodiment is only for technical scheme of the present invention is described, but not is limited; Although with reference to previous embodiment to being had been described in detail by invention, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, the technical scheme that still can record previous embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And to these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention's technical scheme required for protection.

Claims

1. a spot trout salmon expanded pellet diet, it is characterized in that: be made up of steam fish meal 5～10%, fermented bean dregs 40～50%, loach powder 10～20%, rape cake 5～10%, flour 10～15%, brewer's yeast 2～4%, fish oil 2～4%, mineral additive 1～2%, B B-complex 1～2%, micro-ecological additive 1～2%, cholesterol 0.6～1.2%, described percentage is mass percent.