CN103392934B - Full-balanced powder forage for adult stichopus japonicus - Google Patents
Full-balanced powder forage for adult stichopus japonicus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103392934B CN103392934B CN201310334680.6A CN201310334680A CN103392934B CN 103392934 B CN103392934 B CN 103392934B CN 201310334680 A CN201310334680 A CN 201310334680A CN 103392934 B CN103392934 B CN 103392934B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-balanced powder forage for adult stichopus japonicas. The full-balanced powder forage comprises compounds of protein, starch, grease, composite vitamin, composite mineral, bacteria, algae and Chinese herbal medicine. The ratio of the compounds is designed based on physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of adult stichopus japonicus; the ratio is scientific and reasonable, and meets growth requirements of stichopus japonicus; the powder forage is developed based on characteristics of greenhouse cultivation of stichopus japonicus; it is confirmed by feeding that absorptivity is high, and digestive efficiency is excellent. The Chinese herbal medicine and the bacteria are added specially, so that the full-balanced powder forage has significant effects on improvement of physical condition of adult stichopus japonicus, and morbidity in cultivation is low. Single-celled algae and macrophytic algae are added into the full-balanced powder forage according to feeding characteristics of stichopus japonicus, so that the full-balanced powder forage is popular with stichopus japonicus, and growth speed of stichopus japonicus fast.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic feed technical field, be specifically related to a kind of stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng.
Background technology
At present, carry out apostichopus japonicus culture and mainly contain two kinds of modes in production, a kind of is pond culture, and a kind of is booth cultivation.Comparatively speaking, it is extensive that pond culture seems, specification requirement is slightly lower, also more more extensive on management, and stichopus japonicus grows with this understanding, and affected by temperature external environment larger.And booth cultivates owing to cultivating under indoor environment, technological facilities is more advanced, and also higher to the requirement of management, but less owing to being affected by the external environment, survival rate of Apostichopus japonicus is higher, and cultivation efficiency is also higher.
In booth breeding process, to the stichopus japonicus feed of throwing something and feeding, and the input of whole feed is carried out to effectively management is one of successful important step of apostichopus japonicus culture.But actually rare for the stichopus japonicus one-tenth ginseng feed of stichopus japonicus booth cultivation specially at present, even if having also mostly based on obtaining after other aquatic feeds chemical formulation changes.But the cultivation of stichopus japonicus is that China is exclusive, the not cultivation of stichopus japonicus, let alone the exploitation of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed abroad.In general, the research and development of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed are at home even in the world all a little less than relative thin.Therefore, how to catch up with the practice of apostichopus japonicus culture, for stichopus japonicus booth, the apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed adapting is with it developed in cultivation, particularly becomes ginseng feed to seem and is extremely necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng, to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art.
Stichopus japonicus of the present invention becomes the full balance powder feed of ginseng, and feed ingredient includes 25% ~ 45% protein component, 10% ~ 20% starch ingredients, 3% ~ 10% oil component, 1% ~ 6% B B-complex, 1% ~ 6% composite mineral matter, 25% ~ 45% algae component and 5% ~ 10% herbal component.
Described protein component is composed as follows: 20%～40% white fish meal, 20%～40% rape cake, 10%～20% soy meal, 5%～10% shrimp chaff, 5%～10% digested tankage and 5%～10% lactalbumin.
Described starch ingredients is any one or several in cornstarch, Strong flour or tapioca starch, when being composition, is 30%～50% cornstarch, 20%～40% Strong flour, 20%～40% tapioca starch.
The mass percent of described grease consists of: 20%～40% soya-bean oil, 30%～50% cod-liver oil, 20%～40% palm oil.
Described algae component comprises that the Micro Algae of the cylindrotheca clostetium of 10% ~ 20% haematococcus pluvialis and 30% ~ 50% forms, the large-scale algae that also comprises the sea-tangle of 10% ~ 20% hole sea lettuce, 10% ~ 20% sargassum thunbergii and 10% ~ 20% forms, and large-scale algae grinds with liquid form and adds in feed.
Described Chinese herbal medicine includes the component of following mass percent: 30% ~ 50% ceylon persimmon sawdust, 5% ~ 15% rheum officinale, 10% ~ 20% peppermint, 5% ~ 10% Herba Andrographitis, 5% ~ 10% Guan Zhong and 10% ~ 20% tarragon.
Stichopus japonicus of the present invention becomes the full balance powder feed of ginseng also to include 5% ~ 15% cell component, and described cell component includes the component of following mass percent: 20%～40% red marine bacteria, 30%～50% marine yeast and 20%～40% purple nonsulfur bacteria.
The present invention is directed to the physilogical characteristics of stichopus japonicus and proportioning and the optimization that nutritional need has carried out various compositions, on this basis, also meticulously select feedstuff, by the optimum organization to feedstuff, realize the full balance of stichopus japonicus nutrition, the growth rate of stichopus japonicus is improved, the speed of growth is faster, the product features of stichopus japonicus is better, meets the requirement of consumer to profile.Feed of the present invention is after throwing something and feeding, and absorptivity is high, and digestive efficiency is good.In addition, special Chinese herbal medicine and the bacterium composition adding of the present invention, becomes the physique of ginseng to have obvious effect to strengthening stichopus japonicus, and in breeding process, the incidence of disease is low.The feature of ingesting that the Micro Algae adding and large-scale algae meet stichopus japonicus, becomes ginseng happiness food, fast growth.Feed of the present invention is for the production of rear, and survival rate of Apostichopus japonicus and rate of body weight gain are all apparently higher than other similar brand feeds, and the cost performance that feed of the present invention is good simultaneously, for the cost that fisherman has reduced cultivation, has promoted fisherman's increased income.
The specific embodiment
To stichopus japonicus of the present invention, become full balance powder feed of ginseng phase to be described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
Prepare 1000 grams of stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng, first prepare 400 grams of protein components, comprise 160 grams of white fish meals, 100 grams of rape cakes, 80 grams of soy meals, 20 grams of shrimp chaffs, 20 grams of digested tankages, 20 grams of lactalbumins.
Prepare again 100 grams of starch ingredients, comprise 50 grams of cornstarch, 30 grams of Strong flours, 20 grams of tapioca starch.
Then prepare 70 grams of greases, comprise 28 grams, soya-bean oil, 28 grams of cod-liver oils, 14 grams of palm oils.
Prepare 50 grams of cell components, comprise 10 grams of red marine bacterias, 25 grams of marine yeasts, 15 grams of purple nonsulfur bacterias.
Prepare 20 grams of B B-complexes, composition and content are 0.4 gram of Cobastab
1; 0.4 gram of Cobastab
2; 1 gram of Cobastab
6; 0.4 gram of Cobastab
12; 0.4 gram of folic acid; 1 gram of calcium pantothenate; 2 grams of inositols; 1 gram of nicotinic acid; 1 gram of biotin; 3 grams of vitamin Cs; 3 grams of vitamin As; 3 grams of vitamin Ds; 3 grams of vitamin Es; 0.4 gram of vitamin K.
Prepare 50 grams of composite mineral matters, composition and content are 10 grams of zinc; 15 grams of iron; 5 grams of copper; 5 grams of manganese; 1.5 grams of iodine; 2.5 grams of selenium; 1 gram of cobalt; 10 grams of magnesium, mix formation composite mineral matter thoroughly.
B B-complex, composite mineral matter are pulverized and mixed thoroughly respectively.
Prepare 260 grams of algae components, comprise that the Micro Algae of 122 grams of 46 grams of haematococcus pluvialis and cylindrotheca clostetiums forms, Micro Algae is pulverized; The large-scale algae that 28 grams of hole sea lettuces, 36 grams of sargassum thunbergiis and sea-tangle are 28 grams forms, and large-scale algae grinds with liquid form and adds in feed.
Prepare 50 grams of Chinese herbal medicines, composition and content are 20 grams of ceylon persimmon sawdusts, 7.5 grams of rheum officinales, 5 grams of peppermints, 5 grams of Herba Andrographitis, secondary 2.5 grams of pipe, 10 grams of tarragons.
Obtain 400 grams of protein components, 100 grams of starch ingredients, 70 grams of oil components, 20 grams of B B-complexes, 50 grams of composite mineral matters, 50 grams of cell components, 260 grams of algae components, 50 grams, Chinese herbal medicine.
Above-mentioned nutrition composition is mixed thoroughly, coarse crushing, carried out ultramicro grinding again, then render to different feed bins, by computer, control the mixing that feeds intake, after feed is placed in to vacuum drying chamber raw material is fully mixed, at 40 ℃～70 ℃, be dried 24 hours, make stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng.
This stichopus japonicus becomes the full balance powder feed of ginseng when throwing something and feeding, and after mixing thoroughly, throws something and feeds with ooze or ooze substitute with the ratio of 1:3 ~ 8.
Embodiment 2
Prepare 1000 grams of stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng, first prepare 250 grams of protein components, comprise 75 grams of white fish meals, 75 grams of rape cakes, 50 grams of soy meals, 12.5 grams of shrimp chaffs, 25 grams of digested tankages, 12.5 grams of lactalbumins.
Prepare again 130 grams of starch ingredients, comprise 39 grams of cornstarch, 52 grams of Strong flours, 39 grams of tapioca starch.
Then prepare 100 grams of greases, comprise 35 grams, soya-bean oil, 35 grams, 30 grams palm oils of cod-liver oil.
Prepare 50 grams of cell components, comprise 20 grams of red marine bacterias, 20 grams of marine yeasts, 10 grams of purple nonsulfur bacterias.
Prepare 20 grams of B B-complexes, composition and content are 0.4 gram of Cobastab
1; 0.4 gram of Cobastab
2; 1 gram of Cobastab
6; 0.4 gram of Cobastab
12; 0.4 gram of folic acid; 1 gram of calcium pantothenate; 2 grams of inositols; 1 gram of nicotinic acid; 1 gram of biotin; 3 grams of vitamin Cs; 3 grams of vitamin As; 3 grams of vitamin Ds; 3 grams of vitamin Es; 0.4 gram of vitamin K.
Prepare 50 grams of composite mineral matters, composition and content are 10 grams of zinc; 15 grams of iron; 5 grams of copper; 5 grams of manganese; 1.5 grams of iodine; 2.5 grams of selenium; 1 gram of cobalt; 10 grams of magnesium, mix formation composite mineral matter thoroughly.
B B-complex, composite mineral matter are pulverized and mixed thoroughly respectively.
Prepare 350 grams of algae components, comprise that the Micro Algae of 175 grams of 35 grams of haematococcus pluvialis and cylindrotheca clostetiums forms, Micro Algae is pulverized; The large-scale algae that 35 grams of hole sea lettuces, 70 grams of sargassum thunbergiis and sea-tangle are 35 grams forms, and large-scale algae grinds with liquid form and adds in feed.
Prepare 50 grams of Chinese herbal medicines, composition and content are 15 grams of ceylon persimmon sawdusts, 7.5 grams of rheum officinales, 7.5 grams of peppermints, 5 grams of Herba Andrographitis, secondary 5 grams of pipe, 10 grams of tarragons.
Obtain 250 grams of protein components, 130 grams of starch ingredients, 100 grams of oil components, 20 grams of B B-complexes, 50 grams of composite mineral matters, 50 grams of cell components, 350 grams of algae components, 50 grams, Chinese herbal medicine.
Above-mentioned nutrition composition is mixed thoroughly, coarse crushing, carried out ultramicro grinding again, then render to different feed bins, by computer, control the mixing that feeds intake, after feed is placed in to vacuum drying chamber raw material is fully mixed, at 40 ℃～70 ℃, be dried 24 hours, make stichopus japonicus and become the full balance powder feed of ginseng.
This stichopus japonicus becomes the full balance powder feed of ginseng when throwing something and feeding, and after mixing thoroughly, throws something and feeds with ooze or ooze substitute with the ratio of 1:3 ~ 8.
3 processing are set in test, and embodiment 1 becomes to join full balance powder feed group for the stichopus japonicus of throwing something and feeding, and embodiment 2 is the full balance powder feed of another stichopus japonicus of throwing something and feeding group, and control group is established 3 repetitions for the common mixed feed group of throwing something and feeding, each processing.Test becomes ginseng with the same a collection of stichopus japonicus that ginseng is artificial propagation, and it is 8.37 ± 0.08,8.38 ± 0.08 and 8.35 ± 0.06 grams that average initial body weight is respectively.Culture experiment carries out in Qingdao aquatic animal research institute of Qi Hao nutrition Science and Technology Ltd. laboratory.Cultivation unit is 200L cylinder bucket, and each bucket is put 110 stichopus japonicus, and breeding water is well water, and every day, quantity of exchanged water was 70%, 16 ℃ ~ 17 ℃ of duration of test water temperatures, and salinity is 30, and filling air increases pond water oxygen content, and the number of times of throwing something and feeding is consistent with feeding method.
Cultivate after 60 days, sample is gathered, weighs, counted, and carry out statistical analysis.
The rate, feed efficiency, feed coefficient, feed cost of throwing something and feeding rate of body weight gain, specific growth rate, day is with reference to following formula calculating:
Rate of body weight gain=(W
eventually-W
begin)/W
begin* 100%
Specific growth rate=(LnW
eventually-LnW
begin)/t * 100%
Day grazing rate=W
f/ ((W
eventually+ W
begin)/2)/t * 100%
Feed coefficient=W
f/ (W
eventually-W
begin)
Support the feed cost=feed cost/ginseng of the throwing something and feeding body total augment weight of 1 jin of ginseng
In formula, t for test number of days (my god), W
ffor the feed heavy (g) of on average ingesting, W
eventuallyfor the whole last average weight (g) of stichopus japonicus, W
beginfor the initial average weight of stichopus japonicus (g).
Test data is carried out one-way analysis of variance with SPSS 13.0 statistical softwares.
Table 1: feed of the present invention and other brand feeds become the impact (60 days time result of the test) of ginseng growth on stichopus japonicus
Data analysis shows, while utilizing feed that embodiment 1 prepares to carry out culture experiment, stichopus japonicus becomes ginseng survival rate 95.33%, rate of body weight gain 65.43%, specific growth rate 0.84%, feed coefficient 1.40,4.50 yuan/jin of feed prices, support 6.31 yuan/jin of the feed costs of 1 jin of ginseng.
While utilizing feed that embodiment 2 prepares to carry out culture experiment, stichopus japonicus becomes ginseng survival rate 97.67%, rate of body weight gain 86.33%, specific growth rate 1.04%, feed coefficient 1.26,4.50 yuan/jin of feed prices, support 5.66 yuan/jin of the feed costs of 1 jin of ginseng.
While utilizing the feed of control group to carry out culture experiment, stichopus japonicus becomes ginseng survival rate 91.00%, rate of body weight gain 45.96%, specific growth rate 0.63%, feed coefficient 1.71,5.00 yuan/jin of feed prices, supports 6.85 yuan/jin of 1 jin of ginseng feed costs.
The survival rate of two embodiment, rate of body weight gain, specific growth rate all will be higher than control groups, and embodiment 2 will be higher than embodiment 1, and the feed cost of feed coefficient, foster 1 jin of ginseng is all lower than control group, and embodiment's 2 will be lower than embodiment 1, think with the nutrition-allocated proportion of the full balance of the present invention closely related, more relevant to added cell component.
Claims (2)
1. stichopus japonicus becomes the full balance powder feed of ginseng, and described feed includes 25%～45% protein component, 10%～20% starch ingredients, 3%～10% oil component, 1%～6% B B-complex, 1%～6% composite mineral matter, 5%～15% cell component, 25%～45% algae component, 5%～10% herbal component;
Wherein protein component is composed as follows: 20%～40% white fish meal, 20%～40% rape cake, 10%～20% soy meal, 5%～10% shrimp chaff, 5%～10% digested tankage and 5%～10% lactalbumin;
Starch ingredients is cornstarch, Strong flour and tapioca starch, and it consists of 30%～50% cornstarch, 20%～40% Strong flour, 20%～40% tapioca starch;
The mass percent of grease consists of: 20%～40% soya-bean oil, 30%～50% cod-liver oil, 20%～40% palm oil;
Algae component comprises 10%～20% haematococcus pluvialis, 30%～50% cylindrotheca clostetium, 10%～20% hole sea lettuce, 10%～20% sargassum thunbergii and 10%～20% sea-tangle;
Chinese herbal medicine comprises 30%～50% ceylon persimmon sawdust, 5%～15% rheum officinale, 10%～20% peppermint, 5%～10% Herba Andrographitis, 5%～10% Guan Zhong and 10%～20% tarragon;
Cell component includes 20%～40% red marine bacteria, 30%～50% marine yeast and 20%～40% purple nonsulfur bacteria.
2. the using method of feed claimed in claim 1 is to throw something and feed after feed and ooze or ooze substitute are mixed thoroughly with the ratio of 1:3～8.
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| CN104206924A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-17 | 苏州市相城区新时代特种水产养殖场 | Efficient fish and shrimp feed |
| CN104770608A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-15 | 张家港盛宏生物科技有限公司 | Compound Chinese herbal medicine formula feed for stichopus japonicus and preparation method as well as application thereof |
| CN106889371A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-06-27 | 新昌县田野泉养殖技术开发有限公司 | Flaky sea cucumber compound feed and its manufacture method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1468548A (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-01-21 | 中国海洋大学 | Compound feed for stichopus japonicus |
| CN101081059A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-05 | 山东六和集团有限公司 | Stichopus japonicus feed and method for preparing the same |
| CN101779751A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-07-21 | 河北农业大学 | Stichopus japonicus compound feed |
| CN102716186A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2012-10-10 | 大连海洋大学 | Composite immune enhancer for sea cucumber Chinese herbal medicines |
| CN103005216A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-03 | 青岛七好生物科技有限公司 | Sea mud substitute for adult stichopus japonicus feeds |
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2013
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1468548A (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-01-21 | 中国海洋大学 | Compound feed for stichopus japonicus |
| CN101081059A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-05 | 山东六和集团有限公司 | Stichopus japonicus feed and method for preparing the same |
| CN101779751A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-07-21 | 河北农业大学 | Stichopus japonicus compound feed |
| CN102716186A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2012-10-10 | 大连海洋大学 | Composite immune enhancer for sea cucumber Chinese herbal medicines |
| CN103005216A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-03 | 青岛七好生物科技有限公司 | Sea mud substitute for adult stichopus japonicus feeds |
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