CN108271938B - Functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation - Google Patents
Functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation, which comprises, by weight, 5-15 parts of enteromorpha, 5-15 parts of ulva, 25-35 parts of kelp, 25-30 parts of undaria pinnatifida, 10-15 parts of gulfweed and 10-20 parts of laver. Mixing the above seaweed materials, adding 1-3 times of water, grinding, pulping, adding microecological preparation such as Bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, and yeast, and enzyme preparation, fermenting, hydrolyzing, drying, and pulverizing. The seaweed feed additive has the advantages of strong water holding capacity and strong expansibility, and the constipation of sows can be effectively relieved by adding the seaweed feed additive into the sow feed; meanwhile, the special functional substances of the seaweed can avoid the pollution of mould and can also enhance the body resistance; the algae contains various minerals and other substances, which can promote animal growth and development and improve feed utilization efficiency, and the organic iodine can promote the development of mammary gland of sow, stimulate lactation, and enhance resistance of piglets.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a functional seaweed feed additive, in particular to a functional seaweed feed additive capable of improving sow constipation, and belongs to the field of biological feeds.
Background
In recent years, the breeding scale of domestic pigs is continuously enlarged, the intensive and industrial degree of sow breeding is higher and higher, after intensive breeding, the limiting fence limits the activity of sows, the daily ration basically takes concentrated feed as a main part, the constipation incidence rate of sows in a large-scale pig farm is higher and higher, and according to statistics, the constipation incidence rate of sows is about 20% -35%, so that the problem causes serious troubles to mass breeding producers, and particularly in summer, about 60% of sows are reported to have constipation. In addition, problems caused by constipation become increasingly prominent, such as various inflammations, anorexia, malnutrition, dystocia/abortion, postpartum aphasia, shortened utilization life and the like caused by the constipation, and the reproductive performance of sows is seriously affected.
Raising pigs is raising the intestines. The piglets pay attention to the small intestine, and the sows are paid attention to the large intestine. The large intestine of the sow is developed, the intestinal microflora of the sow is similar to that of the ruminant, and part of crude fiber can be fermented. With the continuous and deep research of animal nutrition experts on the nutrition and physiology of sows, the effect of dietary fiber is gradually known. Proper fiber is added into the sow feed, so that the satiety can be increased, the survival of the embryo in the early stage of pregnancy, the rule behavior, the intestinal health and the like can be improved, and the reproductive performance of the sow can be improved.
The dietary fiber can be divided into soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber according to the source, and the influence of the dietary fiber from different sources on the reproductive performance of the sows is greatly different. Common dietary fibers of terrestrial plants, such as bran, soybean hulls, beet pulp and other raw materials, are easily infected with mould in the processing process due to a large amount of water, so that the mycotoxin exceeds the standard, and the reproductive performance and the health level of sows are affected; and it contains a large amount of wood fiber and is difficult to digest and utilize.
Seaweed is a low grade vegetative plant containing chlorophyll or other auxiliary pigments living in the ocean, and is a primary producer of organic and energy and a natural concentrator of inorganic substances in the ocean ecosystem. Research shows that the red algae, brown algae or green algae are rich in protein, polysaccharide, vitamin, amino acid, mineral matter, etc. and rich in dietary fiber. In addition to direct eating of seaweeds, most of red algae and brown algae have been used for extracting gums, such as algin, carrageenan and agar, and a part of the red algae and brown algae are used for extracting iodine, mannitol, dietary fibers and marine drugs and used as feeds. The deep processing, development and production of algae products and the history of the algae products accepted by people are short, but with the development of economy and the continuous change of human food structures, the pure natural products of the marine algae will be more and more popular with people with unique charm, and particularly, the research on the feed aspect of the natural algae is more and more. For example, the Chinese patent invention 201710485607.7 provides a composite dietary fiber containing seaweed dietary fiber, a preparation method and an application thereof, the functional composite dietary fiber comprises composite dietary fiber, composite grease, composite lactobacillus and a carrier, can replace wheat bran in the traditional feed, can improve the intestinal environment, promote intestinal peristalsis, improve the utilization rate of the feed, relax the bowel and increase the production performance of the feed through synergistic interaction. However, the application of the seaweed dietary fiber in the feed at present, particularly the application in the feed of sows still has the defects that the seaweed dietary fiber has single component, and the functional activities of seaweed polysaccharide, polypeptide and the like are difficult to fully exert, so that the development of a novel functional seaweed feed additive is urgently needed, and the seaweed feed additive has important application value in the aspect of improving the constipation of the sows.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and meet the market demand of the sow constipation improvement feed additive and the objective demand of high-value recycling comprehensive utilization of seaweed, the invention provides the functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation and the preparation method thereof.
The invention realizes the technical effects through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of enteromorpha, 5-15 parts of ulva, 25-35 parts of kelp, 25-30 parts of undaria pinnatifida powder, 10-15 parts of gulfweed and 10-20 parts of laver, wherein the sum of the parts by weight of the raw materials is 100 parts.
Further, the seaweed feed additive comprises the following raw materials: 8-13 parts of enteromorpha, 7.5-12 parts of ulva, 28-32 parts of kelp, 25-28 parts of undaria pinnatifida powder, 10-15 parts of gulfweed and 10-15 parts of laver, wherein the sum of the parts by weight of the raw materials is 100 parts.
Optimally, the seaweed feed additive comprises the following raw materials: 10 parts of enteromorpha, 10 parts of ulva, 30 parts of kelp, 26 parts of undaria pinnatifida, 12 parts of gulfweed and 12 parts of laver.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation, which is characterized in that the feed additive is prepared by a mixed fermentation and biological enzymolysis process of microorganisms, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and pulping: mixing the weighed seaweed, adding purified water with the volume ratio of 1-3 times, and then grinding and pulping the seaweed mixture;
(2) fermentation and enzymolysis: adding Bacillus subtilis 1-5%, lactobacillus 1-5%, yeast 1-5%, cellulase 2-5%, pectase 2-4%, and compound protease 1-5% into Sargassum slurry, and fermenting and hydrolyzing at 30-50 deg.C for 24-48 hr;
(3) drying and crushing: fermenting the algae slurry after enzymolysis, drying at 40-70 ℃, and crushing to 30-60 meshes to obtain the algae feed additive for relieving constipation of sows.
The compound protease is a mixture of neutral protease, papain and flavourzyme, and the mass ratio of the neutral protease to the flavourzyme is 1.5:2: 1.
The invention provides a seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation, which is brown or reddish brown powder with rich seaweed smell, is rich in seaweed dietary fiber, polysaccharide, polypeptide, probiotics, vitamins, biological enzyme, mannitol and other functional active substances, is nutritional, safe and green, and has the advantages of improving sow constipation, promoting growth and development, improving feed utilization rate, enhancing immunity, improving intestinal microecology, preventing diseases, reducing environmental pollution and the like; through detection, the product sanitation indexes meet the relevant national and industrial standards.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the seaweed feed additive has an obvious effect, contains rich dietary fibers, has the water holding capacity of 9-13.5 g/g and the expansibility of 600-900mL/g, is a high-quality dietary fiber raw material, is used for daily ration addition of sows, can obviously play a technical effect of relieving constipation of the sows, and reduces the constipation rate by 60-90% compared with a control group, so that the problem of production performance reduction of the sows caused by constipation is solved;
(2) according to the seaweed feed additive, natural seaweed raw materials such as enteromorpha, ulva, kelp, undaria pinnatifida, gulfweed and laver are selected, functional active substances such as polysaccharide in seaweed have certain antibacterial and antiviral properties, the possibility of pollution caused by sundry bacteria such as mold is avoided, and a sterilization process is not performed before fermentation and enzymolysis in the preparation process; when the product is used in daily ration of sows, the influence of mycotoxin on the productivity of the sows can be avoided, the immunity of animal organisms can be obviously improved, and the use amount of antibiotics in the daily ration is reduced;
(3) the seaweed feed additive is prepared from a plurality of marine algae such as pure natural enteromorpha, ulva, kelp and the like through a series of processing to form brown or reddish brown powder, has extremely high feeding value, contains organic mineral elements such as iodine, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and the like which are incomparable with terrestrial animals, various vitamins, seaweed polysaccharide, mannitol and the like, can effectively improve the feed efficiency and promote the growth and development of the animals;
(4) the seaweed feed additive disclosed by the invention contains functional active substances such as dietary fibers, polysaccharides and polypeptides, and also contains a large amount of organic mineral iodine, so that the development of mammary glands of sows can be promoted, lactation is stimulated, the content of solid matters in breast milk and the content of IgA, IgG and the like are improved, and the growth efficiency and disease resistance of piglets can be improved;
(5) according to the invention, through scientific compatibility of pure natural seaweeds such as enteromorpha, ulva, kelp, undaria pinnatifida, gulfweed and laver, the constipation is obviously improved, the immunity of the organism is improved, the growth is promoted and the like, and an unexpected technical effect is obtained through the synergistic effect among the seaweeds;
(6) the seaweed feed additive has fine meshes and good fluidity, and is easy to uniformly mix other components in the feed.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: accurately weighing the seaweed raw materials according to the proportion of 10 parts of enteromorpha, 10 parts of ulva, 30 parts of kelp, 26 parts of undaria pinnatifida, 12 parts of gulfweed and 12 parts of laver;
(2) mixing and pulping: mixing the weighed seaweed, adding purified water with the volume ratio of 2 times, and then grinding and pulping the seaweed mixture;
(3) fermentation and enzymolysis: adding 3% of bacillus subtilis, 3% of lactic acid bacteria, 3% of yeast, 3.5% of cellulase, 3% of pectinase and 3% of compound protease into the seaweed pulp, and performing fermentation and enzymolysis for 36h at the temperature of 30-50 ℃;
(4) drying and crushing: fermenting the algae slurry after enzymolysis, drying at 40-70 ℃, and crushing to 30-60 meshes to obtain the algae feed additive for relieving constipation of sows.
Example 2
A functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: accurately weighing the seaweed raw materials according to the proportion of 13 parts of enteromorpha, 12 parts of ulva, 28 parts of kelp, 25 parts of undaria pinnatifida powder, 11 parts of gulfweed and 11 parts of laver;
(2) mixing and pulping: mixing the weighed seaweed, adding purified water with the volume ratio of 1-3 times, and then grinding and pulping the seaweed mixture;
(3) fermentation and enzymolysis: adding bacillus subtilis 5%, lactobacillus 5%, yeast 5%, cellulase 5%, pectinase 4% and compound protease 5% into the seaweed slurry, and performing fermentation and enzymolysis at 30-50 deg.C for 24 hr;
(4) drying and crushing: fermenting the algae slurry after enzymolysis, drying at 40-70 ℃, and crushing to 30-60 meshes to obtain the algae feed additive for relieving constipation of sows.
Example 3
A functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: accurately weighing the seaweed raw materials according to the proportion of 8 parts of enteromorpha, 7.5 parts of ulva, 32 parts of kelp, 28 parts of undaria pinnatifida powder, 14.5 parts of gulfweed and 10 parts of laver;
(2) mixing and pulping: mixing the weighed seaweed, adding purified water with the volume ratio of 1-3 times, and then grinding and pulping the seaweed mixture;
(3) fermentation and enzymolysis: adding 1% of bacillus subtilis, 1% of lactic acid bacteria, 1% of saccharomycete, 2% of cellulase, 2% of pectinase and 1% of compound protease into the seaweed pulp, and performing fermentation and enzymolysis for 48 hours at the temperature of 30-50 ℃;
(4) drying and crushing: fermenting the algae slurry after enzymolysis, drying at 40-70 ℃, and crushing to 30-60 meshes to obtain the algae feed additive for relieving constipation of sows.
Example 4
A functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: accurately weighing the seaweed raw materials according to the proportion of 5 parts of enteromorpha, 15 parts of ulva, 25 parts of kelp, 30 parts of undaria pinnatifida powder, 10 parts of gulfweed and 15 parts of laver;
(2) mixing and pulping: mixing the weighed seaweed, adding purified water with the volume ratio of 2 times, and then grinding and pulping the seaweed mixture;
(3) fermentation and enzymolysis: adding 3% of bacillus subtilis, 3% of lactic acid bacteria, 3% of yeast, 3.5% of cellulase, 3% of pectinase and 3% of compound protease into the seaweed pulp, and performing fermentation and enzymolysis for 36h at the temperature of 30-50 ℃;
(4) drying and crushing: fermenting the algae slurry after enzymolysis, drying at 40-70 ℃, and crushing to 30-60 meshes to obtain the algae feed additive for relieving constipation of sows.
Example 5
A functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: accurately weighing the seaweed raw materials according to the proportion of 15 parts of enteromorpha, 5 parts of ulva, 35 parts of kelp, 25 parts of undaria pinnatifida powder, 10 parts of gulfweed and 10 parts of laver;
(2) mixing and pulping: mixing the weighed seaweed, adding purified water with the volume ratio of 2 times, and then grinding and pulping the seaweed mixture;
(3) fermentation and enzymolysis: adding 3% of bacillus subtilis, 3% of lactic acid bacteria, 3% of yeast, 3.5% of cellulase, 3% of pectinase and 3% of compound protease into the seaweed pulp, and performing fermentation and enzymolysis for 36h at the temperature of 30-50 ℃;
(4) drying and crushing: fermenting the algae slurry after enzymolysis, drying at 40-70 ℃, and crushing to 30-60 meshes to obtain the algae feed additive for relieving constipation of sows.
Example 6: animal experiments verify that the seaweed feed additive has the effect of improving constipation
The method is characterized in that a mouse small intestine movement test and a mouse defecation test are adopted to detect the influence of the seaweed feed additive on the first grain defecation time, the number of grains of excrement and the propulsion rate of small intestine contents of a mouse, so that the influence of the intestine moistening and bowel relaxing effect, the raw material composition and the preparation process of the product on the product efficacy is verified, and the specific test method is as follows:
(1) the test method comprises the following steps: 200 Kunming mice are taken, half of the mice are female and male, the mice are randomly divided into 10 groups according to the difference and the weight, the groups are respectively an example 1-5 group, a blank control (normal saline) group, a positive control (phenolphthalein) group and a control 1-3 group (the fermentation strains respectively only contain bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and saccharomycetes, the total inoculation amount and other preparation processes are the same as those in the example 1), and the stomach filling dosage is 2 g/Kg;
(2) small intestine exercise test: 100 adult mice which are fasted and do not inhibit water for 20-24h are taken, 10 mice in each group are prepared, and feed additives, physiological saline and medicines are all prepared by 50% carbon ink. After 20min after administration, the mouse was sacrificed by cervical dislocation, the abdominal cavity was opened to separate mesentery, the part from the pylorus to the ileocaecal valve was separated, the part was placed on an operating table in a straight line, the length of the intestinal canal was measured as "the total length of the small intestine", the distance from the pylorus to the leading edge of the ink was measured as "the advancing distance of the ink in the small intestine", and the advancing percentage = [ the advancing distance of the ink in the small intestine (cm)/the total length of the small intestine (cm) ] x 100% was calculated;
(3) mouse defecation test: 100 mice of 12h adult with fasting but no water supply were randomly divided into 10 groups, each group containing 10 mice, and the feed additive, physiological saline and drug were prepared with 50% carbon ink. Placing the mice into a metabolism cage 30min after administration, observing and recording the time of the first defecation of the mice, collecting the mouse feces of the mice once within 1h, continuously taking 5h, and calculating the number of the mouse feces within 5 h;
(4) and (3) test results: the test results are shown in the following table;
| group of | Percent advancement/%) | Time/min for first particle to discharge black excrement | Number of feces in 5h |
| Blank control group | 0.51±0.06 | 122.5±12.6 | 7.2±1.3 |
| Positive control group | 0.83±0.09 | 74.8±13.3 | 15.9±3.1 |
| Example 1 test group | 0.80±0.07 | 80.6±9.5 | 15.6±1.5 |
| Example 2 test group | 0.71±0.06 | 95.3±11.6 | 12.9±2.5 |
| Example 3 test group | 0.69±0.09 | 102.1±13.2 | 11.8±3.0 |
| Example 4 test group | 0.59±0.08 | 116.5±10.8 | 8.5±2.7 |
| Example 5 test group | 0.63±0.07 | 108.9±9.3 | 9.3±2.8 |
| Control 1 test group | 0.58±0.04 | 109.2±8.2 | 9.8±1.2 |
| Control 2 test group | 0.56±0.05 | 114.5±6.1 | 9.1±0.8 |
| Control 3 test group | 0.53±0.02 | 117.0±5.7 | 8.4±0.5 |
From the above test results, it can be found that the test groups of examples 1 to 5 have the best effect of example 1 and the best effect of relaxing bowel, and are the best examples. Meanwhile, the test results of comparative examples can show that the effect of relaxing bowel of the product can be obviously reduced by changing the proportional composition of the seaweed, and the synergistic effect of the seaweed raw materials is obvious; the test results of the comparative example 1 test group and the comparative example 1-3 test group show that the change of the composition of the probiotics can obviously influence the bowel relaxing effect of the product, and the synergistic effect among the bacillus subtilis, the lactobacillus and the yeast achieves the technical effect of '1 +1> 2'.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A functional seaweed feed additive for improving sow constipation is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of enteromorpha, 10 parts of ulva, 30 parts of kelp, 26 parts of undaria pinnatifida, 12 parts of gulfweed and 12 parts of laver; the functional seaweed feed additive is prepared by combining mixed fermentation of microorganisms with a biological enzymolysis process, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and pulping: mixing the weighed seaweed, adding purified water with the volume ratio of 1-3 times, and then grinding and pulping the seaweed mixture;
(2) fermentation and enzymolysis: adding Bacillus subtilis 1-5%, lactobacillus 1-5%, yeast 1-5%, cellulase 2-5%, pectase 2-4%, and compound protease 1-5% into Sargassum slurry, and fermenting and hydrolyzing at 30-50 deg.C for 24-48 hr;
(3) drying and crushing: fermenting the algae slurry after enzymolysis, drying at 40-70 ℃, and crushing to 30-60 meshes to obtain the algae feed additive for relieving constipation of sows.
2. The functional seaweed feed additive for improving constipation of sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound protease is a mixture of neutral protease, papain and flavourzyme, and the mass ratio of the compound protease to the flavourzyme is 1.5:2: 1.
3. The use of the functional seaweed feed supplement of claim 1 in a sow feed.
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| CN110235992A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-17 | 珠海市斗门区基壮农业发展有限公司 | A kind of feed containing seaweed |
| GB2594433B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2024-03-20 | Ocean Harvest Tech Uk Limited | Seaweed blend for modifying gut microbiota |
| CN110338278A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-18 | 威海长青海洋科技股份有限公司 | One main laminaria fermented feed containing probiotics and preparation method thereof |
| CN112136965B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2023-01-31 | 河南惠通天下生物工程有限公司 | Immunity-enhancing and growth-promoting fermented Chinese herbal medicine feed additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN115836709B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2024-03-29 | 福建农林大学 | Composite seaweed zymolyte and application thereof in large yellow croaker feed additive |
| CN115997846A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-04-25 | 广州朴成农牧科技有限公司 | Functional nutritional composition for promoting reproduction of pregnant sow as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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