CN103650887A - Summer corn and summer peanut intercropping planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a summer corn and summer peanut intercropping planting method and belongs to the technical field of crop planting. According to the summer corn and summer peanut intercropping planting method, three lines of corn are intercropped with four lines of peanuts, the corn line width is 55cm, the corn planting distance is 15cm, the peanut line width is 33-35cm, the peanut hill spacing is 14cm, the peanuts are planted in a ridging mode, the ridge width is 85cm, two lines of the peanuts are sown in each ridge, and the distance between the corn lines and the peanut ridges is 35cm. Three lines of the corn and four lines of the peanuts are arranged in an alternating mode, intercropping is carried out in a wide width mode, the corn line width, the corn planting distance, the peanut line width, the peanut hill spacing, and the distance between the corn lines and the peanut ridges are strictly limited, and therefore the total output value is remarkably improved.

Description

A kind of summer corn Peanut intercropping plant method

[0001] technical field

 

The present invention relates to a kind of summer corn Peanut intercropping plant method, belong to proportion of crop planting technical field.

Background technology

" people be take as this in state, and bread is the staff of life ".Grain is the basis of human survival, social progress, is the lifeline of economy.China is as the first in the world populous nation, and it is great that its grain demand amount accounts for the ratio of world food aggregate demand, and supply and demand is always in tight poised state.5.2 hundred million mu of the existing maize sown areas of China, wherein Huang-Huai-Hai is main, the most concentrated summer corn producing region of China, this area light thermal resource is sufficient, can meet corn, peanut growth needs, do not have natural conditions restriction.

Intercropping and interplanting is the marrow of Chinese traditional agriculture, and reasonably intercropping and interplanting pattern can not only intensive utilization agricultural resources, improves unit are laminating production power, is also one of effective measures that increase Agricultural biodiversity, is the effective way of Developing Sustainable Agriculture.Wherein, corn--peanut wide cut intercropping (i.e. " corn // peanut ") is a kind of good intercropping mode: have that symbiotic nitrogen fixation, resource utilization are high, an improvement soil environment, the advantages such as colony's resistance that strengthen.But exist, peanut yield significantly glides, the output value improves unconspicuous problem.As CN102687632 discloses the implantation methods of a grow wheat interplanting peanut maize intercropping; Wherein peanut and corn are intercropping mode, are 4 row peanut intercropping 2 row corns specifically.According to its disclosed data, compare with a kind of crops of simple plantation, after adopting intercropping mode, the corn underproduction 17%, the peanut underproduction 62.9%; Take corn as benchmark, and the gross output value has only improved 14.3%; Take peanut as benchmark, and the gross output value has reduced by 0.85% on the contrary.

Therefore, must adjust pattern of farming, guarantee under the prerequisite of grain security, by research and innovation and the novel grain and oil crop interplanting mode of application, develop actively oil seed production.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is " steady grain increases oil ", make full use of maize intercropping limit row advantage, performance individual dominance, takes into account colony, and on the basis that guarantees that yield of Summer Corn does not subtract or slightly reduce, intercropping Peanut, gathers in the crops peanut more.By the less amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer of this pattern, raising land utilization rate etc., finally reach and guaranteeing under the prerequisite of grain security, realize oil plant volume increase.

Summer corn Peanut intercropping plant method of the present invention,

3 row corn intercrop 4 row peanuts;

55 centimetres of Row spacing of maizes, corn plants are apart from 15 centimetres; Peanut line-spacing 33-35 centimetre, peanut cave is apart from 14 centimetres;

Peanut Ridged plant, 85 centimetres of row spacings, every bed planting 2 row peanuts, the distance between the capable and peanut ridge of corn is 35 centimetres.

Described 3 row corn intercrop 4 row peanuts as shown in the figure, are 3 row corns and 4 row peanut alternative arrangements.

In order to improve land utilization rate, the limit, ridge on two peanut ridges abuts against together, makes the bandwidth of the capable formation of peanut ridge and corn 350cm.

In order to prevent the very few yield reducation that causes of peanut plant quantity; Every mu of 6500 caves of peanut, 2, every cave.

Beneficial effect

3 row corns and 4 row peanut alternative arrangements, wide cut intercropping; And strictly limited the line-spacing of the line-spacing of corn and spacing in the rows, peanut and cave apart from and corn is capable and peanut ridge between distance, thereby the gross output value is significantly improved; Specifically:

Compare with simple maize planting, corn yield does not subtract or slightly subtracts, the data instance providing with embodiment, and the corn underproduction, less than 4%, is compared with simple plantation peanut, and peanut underproduction amplitude is little, the data instance providing with embodiment, the peanut underproduction 28.0%.

After adopting intercropping mode of the present invention, total per mu yield is 712kg/ mu; Though with independent plantation peanut than or with independent maize planting ratio, per mu yield is all significantly improved.Also just say, after adopting intercropping mode of the present invention, on the basis that does not have obviously to decline at corn yield, gathered in the crops peanut simultaneously; And 72% when the output of peanut is plantation separately; Thereby make 1 mu of ground gather in the crops 1.72 mu of output that ground could gather in the crops originally; Greatly improved the availability in soil; Its increase rate does not have in intercropping mode before.

Moreover the output value of corn and peanut self is different, the output value of peanut is much larger than the output value of corn.Intercropping mode of the present invention is compared with other corn, peanut intercropping mode, and the output of the peanut that the output value is high obviously improves.The data instance providing with table 2 of the present invention, the output of peanut has improved 20% at least, maximum raisings 130%.So the present invention, in the situation that not reducing corn yield, has improved the output of peanut to greatest extent as far as possible; Thereby the gross output value obviously improves.Compare with simple maize planting, the gross output value has improved 85.3%; Compare with simple plantation peanut, the gross output value has improved 49.4%.

On the other hand, improved the nitrogen fixation effect of soil, unit are and pure work under the equal fertilizer application condition of peanut, intercropping has significantly improved peanut nodule quantity and nitrogenase activity, and wherein root nodule numbers has improved 36%-76%, and nitrogenase activity has improved 6.5%-20.2%; This effect is that existing intercropping mode is beyond one's reach.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1, corn, peanut intercropping mode structural representation of the present invention;

In figure, 1. corn, 2. peanut, L1. Row spacing of maize, L2. peanut line-spacing, L3. row spacing, the distance between the capable and peanut ridge of L4. corn.

Embodiment

Following test is carried out 3 different regions; The various factorss such as the NM fertilising of following test, irrigation, management method, all no significant difference.

Take pure do summer corn and pure as Peanut, be contrast; The pure corn of doing: 60 centimetres of line-spacings, 27.8 centimetres of corn plants distances, 4000 strains of mu strain number; The pure peanut of doing: ridge 2 row, 85 centimetres, two caves of row spacing are apart from 14 centimetres, 11000 cave/mus, or ridge 3 row, 110 centimetres, two caves of row spacing are apart from 16 centimetres, 11000 cave/mus.Corn is apart from 35 centimetres, peanut ridge.

8 kinds of intercropping modes: 2 row corns (55 centimetres of line-spacings) are intercropping 2 row peanuts, 3 row peanuts or 4 row peanuts respectively, 3 row corns (55 centimetres of line-spacings) are intercropping 2 row peanuts, 3 row peanuts or 4 row peanuts respectively, and 4 row corns (55 centimetres of line-spacings) are intercropping 3 row peanuts or 4 row peanuts respectively.In 8 kinds of intercropping modes, corn is 3800 plants/acre, and spacing in the rows is determined by intercropping mode; Peanut is divided into following two kinds of cropping patterns: ridge 2 row, 85 centimetres, two caves of row spacing are apart from 14 centimetres, and ridge 3 row, 110 centimetres, two caves of row spacing are apart from 16 centimetres; Corn is apart from 35 centimetres, peanut ridge; Concrete pattern is as table 1.The output of 8 kinds of intercropping modes and pure operation mode, the output value are compared, and result is as table 2.Output in table 2 is multi-point average value; The output value in table 2: beautiful meterkilogram valency (2.2 yuan) * average yield+peanut kilogram valency (6 yuan) * average yield.Other expenditure is identical, puts aside herein.

  

Table 1 intercropping mode

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Table 2

As can be seen from Table 2, the corn of 8 kinds of intercropping modes or peanut yield all compare lower than pure, and the corn underproduction all, in 9%, surpasses 30% and synchronously increase production peanut, and the overall output value is all higher than pure corn or the pure peanut of doing done.3:4 intercropping mode wherein, volume increase peanut surpasses 180 kilograms, the output value reaches 2254.2 yuan, purer do corn or peanut respectively high 1037.6 yuan, 745.2 yuan, benefit is very remarkable.If increase by 150 kilograms of calculating according to peanut mu average yield, if approximately there is 50% corn field of summer (2.6 hundred million mu) intercropping peanut in the whole nation every year, the whole nation increases income 39,000,000,000 kilograms of peanuts, is equivalent to increase by 1.7 hundred million mu of pure Peanut Fields of doing.

Claims (3)

1. a summer corn Peanut intercropping plant method, is characterized in that,

3 row corn intercrop 4 row peanuts;

55 centimetres of Row spacing of maizes, corn plants are apart from 15 centimetres; Peanut line-spacing 33-35 centimetre, peanut cave is apart from 14 centimetres;

Peanut Ridged plant, 85 centimetres of row spacings, every bed planting 2 row peanuts, the distance between the capable and peanut ridge of corn is 35 centimetres.

2. implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the limit, ridge on two peanut ridges abuts against together, makes the bandwidth of the capable formation of peanut ridge and corn 350cm.

3. implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, every mu of 6500 caves of peanut, 2, every cave.

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