CN105830702A - Chinese honey locust intercropping pinellia ternate and corn stereo cultivation method - Google Patents
Chinese honey locust intercropping pinellia ternate and corn stereo cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105830702A CN105830702A CN201610189949.XA CN201610189949A CN105830702A CN 105830702 A CN105830702 A CN 105830702A CN 201610189949 A CN201610189949 A CN 201610189949A CN 105830702 A CN105830702 A CN 105830702A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to the Chinese honey locust plantation technical field, and especially relates to a Chinese honey locust intercropping pinellia ternate and corn stereo cultivation method comprising the following steps; planting Chinese honey locust sprouts, controlling plant spacing and line-spacing, and carrying out flat cultivation; making 5 ridges in a line 20 cm away from the Chinese honey locust tree, and planting pinellia ternate on the ridges; respectively planting one corn line between 4 ridges in the Chinese honey locust line. A normal and single planting mode is improved, and a forest, medicine and crop intercropping stereo cultivation method is employed, thus solving the soil, sunlight and water fertilizer integration utilization problems, and finally realizing high yield and high efficiency in unit area land; the Chinese honey locust plantation density equals to that of single large field common plantation; the pinellia ternate plantation density equals to 94% of that of the large field common plantation; the corn plantation density equals to 80% of that of the large field common plantation; the land utilization rate equals to 2.7 times of that of the single plantation mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the planting technology field of crop and medical material, particularly to a kind of Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae and the three-dimensional cultivation of Semen Maydis
Culture method.
Background technology
The market price of Chinese crude drug tends towards stability in recent years, and income is higher, and the large-scale production of Chinese crude drug quickly grows.Along with people
To medical material inherent quality and the concern to drug safety, more and more higher from the cry of Sources controlling to medical material, some are original zero years old
Medical material scattered, wild or seminatural gradually proceeds by the plantation of scale base, such as Fructus Gleditsia, the Rhizoma Pinelliae etc..But in development scale
Series of problems is created: one is that perennial medical material (such as Fructus Gleditsia) brings benefits relatively slowly during the plantation of base, it is generally required to 3
～5 years could be profitable, in the wild or scattered cropping pattern of semi-wild, the cost such as soil is negligible, but scale kind
Planting it is possible to cause fund to take in a large number, the most annual maintenance cost is also a no small spending；Two is due to Chinese crude drug
The particularity of kind, some medical materials (such as Fructus Gleditsia) line-spacing is relatively big, and in row, idle soil easily falls into disuse, and grows weeds, improves management
Cost, can bring again environmental pollution with chemical herbicide preventing and treating, and after Fructus Gleditsia is grown up simultaneously, tree crown shelters from heat or light, and common happiness sun crop is difficult to
Plantation；Three is that the condition difference of different traditional Chinese medicinal materials assortment growth needs is very big, and some medical materials (such as the Rhizoma Pinelliae) are at the shape manually sheltered from heat or light
Under condition, growing way is more preferable, and the plantation of the most existing Chinese crude drug does not has reasonably combined, as liked Chinese crude drug plantation and some high bars of cloudy or resistance to the moon
Crop interplanting etc..
Fructus Gleditsia is that Caesalpiniaceae Fructus Gleditsia belongs to deciduous tree, poor growth, and medicinal effects is Fructus Gleditsia and Spina Gleditsiae.Field planting density
For spacing in the rows 1.5m, line-spacing 4m, plant about 120 for every mu.The Rhizoma Pinelliae is Araeceae Pinellia Tenore perennial herb, for China's tradition
Medical material, gathers in the crops in production then, spacing in the rows 8cm, line-spacing 15～20cm, every mu 4.5 ten thousand～50,000 strains.Semen Maydis is common crop, every mu
Plant about 4000 strains.
How to select reasonable and efficient cropping pattern, solve the reasonably combined plantation of different Chinese crude drug, farthest
Improve land utilization ratio and economic benefit, be in the urgent need to address asking in current Chinese crude drug scale Base environment planting process
Topic.
All Ji Hai, Qu Chuanli etc. are at " Shandong agricultural sciences " " little furrow big back of the body interplanting half Summer Corn Varieties of 01 phase in 1980
With cultivation orthogonal test sum up " in recorded little furrow big the back of the body interplanting half summer corn interplanting cultivation mode, average per unit area yield Rhizoma Pinelliae block
Stem (fresh goods) 250kg/667, Semen Maydis 517.5kg/667, the output value 2367.25 yuan/667, benefit 1400 yuan/667, be
2 ~ 3 times of purebred Semen Maydis income.But still have the space of lifting further.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve tree crown in the plantation of above Fructus Gleditsia and shelter from heat or light, land utilization ratio low, the Rhizoma Pinelliae is liked the moon and is needed again manually to shelter from heat or light etc. and one is
Row problem, the invention provides the stereo cultivating method that a kind of Fructus Gleditsia, the Rhizoma Pinelliae and three kinds of crops of Semen Maydis are reasonably combined, makes full use of
Limited land resource, ensures quality of medicinal material simultaneously.
The present invention is achieved by the following measures:
A kind of Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae and the stereo cultivating method of Semen Maydis, comprise the following steps:
(1) plantation Fructus Gleditsia Seedling, controls spacing in the rows 150cm, line-spacing 400cm, flat work；
(2) ridge of 5 ridge bottom width 60cm, wide 50cm, ridge height 25cm, spacing at the bottom of ridge on ridge are played in the row of distance honey locust 20cm
15cm；
(3) the 3 row Rhizoma Pinelliaes, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 8cm, one, every cave are planted on ridge；
(4) 1 row Semen Maydis, spacing in the rows 20cm, density 3300 plants/acre are planted respectively between 4 ridges in Fructus Gleditsia row.
Described stereo cultivating method, preferably Fructus Gleditsia Seedling are life in 5 years.
Described stereo cultivating method, plants the 3 row Rhizoma Pinelliaes on ridge in preferred steps (3), 2 row symmetry sowings of keeping to the side, middle
Row cross sowing in line.
Described stereo cultivating method, corn seeding density 3300 plants/acre in preferred steps (4).
Described stereo cultivating method, depth of planting 3～4cm in preferred steps (3).
Fructus Gleditsia is according to the planting density plantation becoming tree in age, this avoid secondary and transplants or the trouble of thinning, permissible
Keep more than 20 years.The Rhizoma Pinelliae is the Chinese crude drug that happiness is cloudy, falls Seedling during high temperature, is planted in below Fructus Gleditsia and Semen Maydis, can effectively subtract
Few strong illumination, promotes that it grows, and uses Ridged plant to prevent damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging simultaneously, because flood is afraid of by the Rhizoma Pinelliae.Semen Maydis happiness rich water, is planted in
Liquid manure supply can be met in ditch.These three crop is arranged in pairs or groups together, not only improves ontogeny, increase leaf area index, fills
Divide and utilize luminous energy, the most well solve the individual and contradiction of colony, meet the environmental requirement that crop own growth is grown, favorably
In obtaining high yield and high benefit.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, by the conventional single planting patterns of reform, use woods, medicine, the stereo cultivating method of grain catch cropping, solve soil, sun
The problems such as the comprehensive utilization such as light, liquid manure, finally realize the high-yield and high-efficiency on unit are soil；
2, Fructus Gleditsia be happiness light perennial arbor, Semen Maydis be happiness light annual high stalk cereal crops, the Rhizoma Pinelliae be resistance to the moon for many years
Raw (can gather in the crops then) short-stalked crop, three forms the collocation of rational space；
3, the Rhizoma Pinelliae uses the planting patterns of ridge culture, fully simulates the shady and cool condition needed in nature growing environment, it is possible to early envelope
Ridge, it is to avoid the use of corn field herbicide, reduces cost, protects ecological environment；Ridging also has and improves ground temperature early spring,
The effect of prevention waterlogging in summer；
4, the planting density of Fructus Gleditsia is commonly planted identical with single land for growing field crops, and the planting density of the Rhizoma Pinelliae is 94% that land for growing field crops is commonly planted,
The planting density of Semen Maydis is 80% that land for growing field crops is commonly planted, and land utilization ratio is 2.7 times of single cropping pattern.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 entirety of the present invention planting effect schematic diagram；
Schematic diagram is planted in the upper half summer sowing of Fig. 2 ridge of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be better understood from the present invention, further illustrate below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1: the Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae, Semen Maydis
A kind of Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae, the cultural method of Semen Maydis, comprise the following steps:
(1) plant the Fructus Gleditsia Seedling of life in 5 years, control spacing in the rows 150cm, line-spacing 400cm, flat work；
(2) ridge of 5 ridge bottom width 60cm, wide 50cm, ridge height 25cm, spacing at the bottom of ridge on ridge are played in the row of distance honey locust 20cm
15cm；
(3) the 3 row Rhizoma Pinelliaes, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 8cm, one, every cave, the degree of depth 3～4cm are planted on ridge, 2 row symmetry sowings of keeping to the side,
Center row cross sowing in line；
(4) 1 row Semen Maydis, spacing in the rows 20cm, density 3300 plants/acre are planted respectively between 4 ridges in Fructus Gleditsia row.
Embodiment 2: the Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae, Semen Maydis
A kind of Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae, the cultural method of Semen Maydis, comprise the following steps:
(1) plant the Fructus Gleditsia Seedling of life in 5 years, control spacing in the rows 150cm, line-spacing 400cm, flat work；
(2) ridge of 4 ridge bottom width 75cm, wide 60cm, ridge height 25cm, distance between the ridges on ridge are played in the row of distance honey locust 20cm
20cm；
(3) the 4 row Rhizoma Pinelliaes, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 8cm, one, every cave, the degree of depth 3～4cm are planted on ridge；
(4) 1 row Semen Maydis, spacing in the rows 20cm, density 2500 plants/acre are planted respectively between 3 ridges in Fructus Gleditsia row.
Embodiment 3: the Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae, Semen Maydis
A kind of Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae, the cultural method of Semen Maydis, comprise the following steps:
(1) plant the Fructus Gleditsia Seedling of life in 5 years, control spacing in the rows 150cm, line-spacing 400cm, flat work；
(2) ridge of 3 ridge bottom width 110cm, wide 90cm, ridge height 25cm, distance between the ridges on ridge are played in the row of distance honey locust 20cm
15cm；
(3) the plantation 5 row Rhizoma Pinelliaes in the middle of on ridge, line-spacing 20cm, (this line-spacing, whether something wrong) spacing in the rows 8cm, every cave one
, the degree of depth 3～4cm；
(4) 1 row Semen Maydis, spacing in the rows 20cm, density 1667 plants/acre are planted respectively between 2 ridges in Fructus Gleditsia row.
Comparative example 1: Rhizoma Pinelliae nonoculture compares
Playing furrow plantation, average row is away from 25cm, spacing in the rows 8cm, density 33300 plants/acre.
Comparative example 2: Semen Maydis nonoculture compares
Semen Maydis nonoculture, average row is away from 65cm, line-spacing 25cm, density 4100 plants/acre.
Comparative example 3: Fructus Gleditsia nonoculture compares
Fructus Gleditsia nonoculture, seedling age 5 years, control spacing in the rows 150cm, line-spacing 400cm, flat work.
Comparative example 4: the Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae
The cultural method of a kind of Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae, comprises the following steps:
(1) plant the Fructus Gleditsia Seedling of life in 5 years, control spacing in the rows 150cm, line-spacing 400cm, flat work；
(2) ridge of 5 wide 60cm, ridge height 25cm, distance between the ridges 15cm are played in the row of distance honey locust 20cm；
(3) the 3 row Rhizoma Pinelliaes, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 8cm, one, every cave, the degree of depth 3～4cm are planted on ridge, 2 row symmetry sowings of keeping to the side,
Center row cross sowing in line, density 31300 plants/acre.
Comparative example 5: Fructus Gleditsia maize intercropping
The cultural method of a kind of Fructus Gleditsia maize intercropping, comprises the following steps:
(1) plant the Fructus Gleditsia Seedling of life in 5 years, control spacing in the rows 150cm, line-spacing 400cm, flat work；
(2) Fructus Gleditsia in the ranks plants 6 row Semen Maydiss, line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, density 4000 plants/acre.
Yield and economic benefit result
To use above-described embodiment 1～3 and comparative example 1～5 in the Rhizoma Pinelliae of cultural method, Semen Maydis, Fructus Gleditsia carry out yield and
Economic benefit add up, as table 1 below, 2,3,4.
Table 1 Rhizoma Pinelliae index of correlation impact (Tang Wangzhen experimental plot, Jinan)
Note: represent that 5% level difference is notable with lower cases different after column data in table.
As can be seen from the above table, hundred strain fresh weights of embodiment 1,2 and 3 are apparently higher than comparative example 1 and 4, and difference reaches aobvious
Work level；Active constituent content slightly improves, the standard all specified more than 2015 editions " pharmacopeia ".Use cultural method of the present invention,
The wild environment of the Rhizoma Pinelliae can be imitated to greatest extent, effectively shorten Rhizoma Pinelliae period of falling Seedling, improve individual plant weight and effective ingredient contains
Amount.
Table 2 Semen Maydis index of correlation impact (Jinan Tang Wangzhen is experimental field)
As can be seen from the above table, the mass of 1000 kernel of embodiment 1,2 and 3 and spike length exceed comparative example 2 and 5, and other index is without bright
Significant difference is different.Although the Semen Maydis density planted according to the method for the present invention is lower than Production of Large Fields, but due to reason institutes such as Dominance in border row
Played with the yield potentiality of Semen Maydis, it is possible to be effectively improved single plant yield.
Table 3 commodity output dry weight (kg/ mu) (Jinan Tang king is experimental field)
As can be seen from Table 3, according to the yield of the Rhizoma Pinelliae of embodiment 1,2,3 of stereo cultivating method of the present invention apparently higher than contrast
Embodiment 1～5, difference has reached significant level, and the yield of embodiment 1 is higher than embodiment 2 and 3；The yield difference of Semen Maydis is relatively big,
Be primarily due to planting density different, but embodiment 1,2,3 increase with land for growing field crops with corn yield compared with density, main because of
Reason for Dominance in border row；The yield of Fructus Gleditsia and Spina Gleditsiae does not has significant change.Therefore, the method for the present invention does not affect Fructus Gleditsia product
Amount, can be effectively improved Rhizoma Pinelliae yield.
Table 4 economic benefit (unit/mu) (Jinan Tang king is experimental field)
| The Rhizoma Pinelliae | Semen Maydis | Fructus Gleditsia+Spina Gleditsiae | Add up to | Remove benefit after departmental cost | |
| Embodiment 1 | 22568 | 706 | 7375 | 30649 | 21549a |
| Embodiment 2 | 21464 | 549 | 7280 | 29293 | 20193b |
| Embodiment 3 | 21320 | 428 | 7485 | 29233 | 20133b |
| Comparative example 1 | 17624 | - | - | 17624 | 9124d |
| Comparative example 2 | - | 781 | - | 781 | 681f |
| Comparative example 3 | 7615 | 7615 | 7115e | ||
| Comparative example 4 | 18816 | - | 7645 | 26461 | 17461c |
| Comparative example 5 | - | 734 | 7450 | 8184 | 7584e |
80 yuan/kg of Rhizoma Pinelliae unit price, 1.6 yuan/kg of Semen Maydis unit price, 5 yuan/kg of Fructus Gleditsia unit price, 50 yuan/kg of Spina Gleditsiae unit price.Above product
Unit price is in December, 2015 Shandong market transaction average price.In table, departmental cost includes: half summer sowing ball, sow, the cost such as results
8500 yuan, corn seed, sow, the cost 100 yuan such as results, Fructus Gleditsia, Spina Gleditsiae results cost 500 yuan, other cost is identical, wouldn't
Consider.As can be seen from Table 4, according to the economic benefit of embodiment 1,2,3 of stereo cultivating method of the present invention apparently higher than contrast
Embodiment 1～5, difference has reached significant level；The scheme of embodiment 1 is better than embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, reason be according to
The planting density Burden of the scheme of embodiment 1, the Rhizoma Pinelliae and Semen Maydis is relatively reasonable, and the effect of sheltering from heat or light of Semen Maydis is preferable, creates for the Rhizoma Pinelliae
Optimal growing environment.Cultural method of the present invention is advanced notable.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited by embodiment
System, the change made, modifies, combines, substitutes, simplifies and all should be under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle
Equivalence substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a Fructus Gleditsia catch cropping Rhizoma Pinelliae and the stereo cultivating method of Semen Maydis, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) plantation Fructus Gleditsia Seedling, controls spacing in the rows 150cm, line-spacing 400cm, flat work；
(2) ridge of 5 ridge bottom width 60cm, wide 50cm, ridge height 25cm, spacing at the bottom of ridge on ridge are played in the row of distance honey locust 20cm
15cm；
(3) the 3 row Rhizoma Pinelliaes, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 8cm, one, every cave are planted on ridge；
(4) 1 row Semen Maydis, spacing in the rows 20cm, density 3300 plants/acre are planted respectively between 4 ridges in Fructus Gleditsia row.
Stereo cultivating method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Fructus Gleditsia Seedling is life in 5 years.
Stereo cultivating method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that plant the 3 row Rhizoma Pinelliaes in step (3) on ridge, keep to the side
2 row symmetry sowings, center row cross sowing in line.
Stereo cultivating method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that corn seeding density 3300 strain in step (4)/
Mu.
Stereo cultivating method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that depth of planting 3～4cm in step (3).
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| CN201610189949.XA CN105830702B (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | Make the stereo cultivating method of the tuber of pinellia and corn between a kind of gleditsia sinensis |
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| CN201610189949.XA CN105830702B (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | Make the stereo cultivating method of the tuber of pinellia and corn between a kind of gleditsia sinensis |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106614331A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Method for combining toad breeding and pinellia ternata and trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. planting |
| CN106856914A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-20 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | Make the efficient cultivation method of the tuber of pinellia between a kind of sylvan life |
| CN108124707A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-08 | 浙江省中药研究所有限公司 | A kind of stereo plantation method of Zhejiang Radix Ophiopogonis |
| CN110991811A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-10 | 云南农业大学 | Method for evaluating crop yield under mixed intercropping mode |
| CN112166925A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-05 | 平江县绿宝堂中药材发展有限公司 | Interplanting cultivation method for Chinese honeylocust trees |
| CN114617034A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-06-14 | 甘肃省农业科学院经济作物与啤酒原料研究所（甘肃省农业科学院中药材研究所） | Irrigated area pinellia ternate and corn intercropping cultivation method |
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| CN106614331A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Method for combining toad breeding and pinellia ternata and trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. planting |
| CN106856914A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-20 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | Make the efficient cultivation method of the tuber of pinellia between a kind of sylvan life |
| CN108124707A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-08 | 浙江省中药研究所有限公司 | A kind of stereo plantation method of Zhejiang Radix Ophiopogonis |
| CN110991811A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-10 | 云南农业大学 | Method for evaluating crop yield under mixed intercropping mode |
| CN112166925A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-05 | 平江县绿宝堂中药材发展有限公司 | Interplanting cultivation method for Chinese honeylocust trees |
| CN114617034A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-06-14 | 甘肃省农业科学院经济作物与啤酒原料研究所（甘肃省农业科学院中药材研究所） | Irrigated area pinellia ternate and corn intercropping cultivation method |
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| CN105830702B (en) | 2018-07-27 |
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