CN110991811A - Method for evaluating crop yield under mixed intercropping mode - Google Patents
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- 238000009345 mixed intercropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 22
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- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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Abstract
The invention discloses the technical field of crop yield evaluation methods in a mixed intercropping mode, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating crop yield in the mixed intercropping mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop yield evaluation methods in a mixed intercropping mode, in particular to a method for evaluating crop yield in the mixed intercropping mode.
Background
The diversity intercropping of crops is an important representative of the traditional intensive cultivation agriculture in China, and has profound significance for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. Although the correlation between the decrease in the severity of disease and the increase in yield of crops is clear in single variety planting, in analyzing the correlation between the disease control effect and the yield increase effect in the diversity intercropping mode of crops, it is concluded that there is no correlation between the severity of disease and yield, because competitive interactions between varieties are critical for the influence on yield in addition to the influence on yield caused by the increase and decrease in the severity of disease in the diversity intercropping system. In the current research on yield increase effect of diversity intercropping, for example, rice mostly utilizes the total yield of rice in an intercropping mode unit area to compare with the total yield of rice in a net planting mode unit area to count the yield increase effect of the intercropping mode (Zhu Yong et al, 2003; Wang Wen faith et al, 2010), and the method is difficult to define whether the yield increase is caused by disease reduction or traditional variety planting or competition, namely the method is difficult to subdivide the contribution of the yield, so that a method is necessary to be established for more accurately measuring the yield in the crop diversity intercropping mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method for evaluating crop yield in a hybrid intercropping mode, which solves the above-mentioned problems of the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for evaluating crop yield in a mixed intercropping mode comprises the following steps:
1) comparison of the yield of crops in the Mixed intercropping mode and the Net planting mode with the average Individual yield of the crops
Comparing the average single plant yield of the main cultivar in the net planting mode on the side rows with the average single plant yield of the main cultivar in the mixed intercropping mode on the side rows, and comparing the average single plant yield of the intercropping cultivar in the net planting mode on the inner rows with the average single plant yield of the intercropping cultivar in the mixed intercropping mode;
wherein the average yield of the single plant is calculated according to the formula:
wherein Y is the average individual plant yield and N is the total number of the plants tested;
2) yield correction factor determination for competitive and non-competitive environments
The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula Y1Average yield per plant, Y, for mixed intercropping rows2The average individual plant yield of the mixed intercropping side row and the K correction coefficient are obtained;
3) yield increase calculated using average individual plant yields for different row positions
The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein E is the yield increase effect of the average single plant yield; y is1Average yield per plant for mixed intercropping rows, Y2The yield increase effect is calculated according to the principle of comparing competition lines with competition lines and comparing side lines with side lines when comparing the average yield of the single plants in net planting lines.
Preferably, the grain number of the spike is the total grain number of the main stem spike of the test seed after being harvested and dried, including the total number of solid grains, empty grains and fallen grains, and the unit is grain.
Preferably, the thousand kernel weight is the moisture content of the grain after harvest and air drying, and 1000 mature grains are randomly selected and weighed according to GB/T3543.6-1995. The unit is g.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a method for evaluating crop yield under mixed intercropping mode, the invention has utilized the determination method of the average single plant yield, adopt the competitive environment and non-competitive environment of intercropping that are compared separately in net cultivation while being net cultivation in the competition environment and principle of the non-competition environment and non-competition environment while intercropping while being net cultivation, eliminate the influence that the competition effect brings on the crop yield, thus the very good analysis goes out the disease and prevents and controls the relevant relation with increasing production effect, this comparison method has got rid of the output influence that the competition effect brings, the output determination to the goal plant is more accurate and effective, can dissect the contribution that the output increases at the same time, confirm whether the change of the output is because the disease reduces or because the change that the competition brings; determining yield correction factors in competitive and non-competitive environments, and when the yield of the mixed intercropping out-row is known and the yield of the mixed intercropping in-row is desired to be predicted, the yield can be determined by Y1＝K*Y2When the yield of the mixed intercropping inner row is known and the yield of the mixed intercropping outer row is desired to be predicted, the correction can be carried out by the calculation formula
The calculation method of the formula can be applied to the mode of mixed intercropping of other varieties or crops in the same way after correction; and finally, calculating the yield increasing effect by adopting the average single plant yield of different row positions to analyze the correlation between the disease control effect and the yield increasing effect.
The evaluation method is simple and easy to operate, the average yield of each plant can be calculated only by measuring the thousand kernel weight and the ear kernel number of each plant on different row positions, and the method can be widely applied to the comparative analysis of the yield in the diversity planting mode of any variety or crop.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hybrid intercropping cell of the present invention, wherein "P" is a protection row variety; x is a main cultivated variety, and O is an intercropped variety;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a net cultivated plot of the present invention (main cultivar crop-only on the left, intercropped cultivar crop-only on the right), wherein "P" is a protected row cultivar; x is a main cultivated variety, and O is an intercropped variety;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the difference in average individual plant yield between the inner row and the side row of the mixed interspersion of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the difference in average individual plant yield between clean-cultivated lines and side lines of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the 2013 and 2014 correction factors of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the correlation between the control effect and yield increase effect of the main cultivar of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the correlation between the control effect and the yield increasing effect of the mixed intercropped cultivar of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
The test was carried out in the Shidian county of Bashan city in the mixed indica-japonica rice growing region of Yunnan province from 4 to 10 months in 2013, and the test was repeated in the Shidian county of Bashan city in the mixed indica-japonica rice growing region of Yunnan province from 4 to 10 months in 2014.
The experiment set up 3 treatments, respectively:
(1) mixed intercropping planting, namely mixed planting of main rice cultivars and intercropping cultivars, wherein the planting mode adopts a 'double-dragon water outlet' planting mode, every two rows of the main cultivars form a group, the row spacing in the group is 15cm, the row spacing between the groups is 30cm, the plant spacing is 15cm, the intercropping cultivars are planted in the middle of every two groups, and the length and the width of a cell are (400cm multiplied by 235 cm). (see FIG. 1)
(2) The main cultivar is single-cropping, the single-cropping mode is that every two lines of the single-cropping cultivar form a group, the row spacing in the group is 15cm, the row spacing between the groups is 30cm, the plant spacing is 15cm, and the length and the width of the cell are (200cm multiplied by 117.5 cm). (see FIG. 2)
(3) The single cropping mode of the intercropped variety is completely the same as that of the main variety, and the length and the width of the cell are (200cm multiplied by 117.5 cm). (see FIG. 2)
The test adopts a complete random block experimental design, the test is repeated for 3 times, the net planting cells are separated by 1 row of protection rows, and the main purpose is to ensure that the intercropped varieties of adjacent protection rows form inner rows.
The experimental design scheme is a complete random block experiment, wherein 12 combinations are provided, each combination is subjected to 3 treatments, each treatment is repeated for 3 times, 108 experimental cells are provided, 112 experimental materials of 14 multiplied by 8 are planted in a net planting cell, 224 experimental materials of 14 multiplied by 16 are planted in a diversity intercropping cell according to a main planting variety and an intercropping variety ratio of 4:1, and 56 experimental materials of 14 multiplied by 4 are planted in an intercropping variety.
The sampling mode of the test adopts single-row collection, the inner rows according to different cultivation modes are the left and right sides of the plant without empty rows, the side rows are the plants with empty rows and no empty rows, and each row of the net cultivation district and the diversity intercropping district collects 14 plants. The field management is kept consistent.
Through two years of field experiments, the average individual plant yield of rice with different row positions in a mixed intercropping mode is compared, and the main cultivar is found to have larger difference in intercropping rows under the intercropping mode, namely, the average individual plant yield of one row close to the intercropping cultivar and the average individual plant yield of one row far away from the intercropping cultivar are significantly higher than those of the intercropping rows (see figure 3), and have the same trend for two years; the net planting row of the intercropped variety under net planting conditions, i.e., the row near the protected row, and the net planting side row, i.e., the row far from the protected row, also have the same difference in average individual plant yield (see fig. 4), which has the same tendency in two years. The results show that the average single plant yield of the side row is obviously higher than that of the inner row, and the reason that the yield difference is caused by competitive environment and non-competitive environment in the same variety and the same field management is shown.
The results show that the yield of the intercropping side rows of the main cultivar in the intercropping mode is higher than the yield of the net-planting side rows and the yield of the intercropping side rows is lower than the yield of the net-planting side rows by comparing the yields of different row positions in different planting modes, which shows that the difference of the yields of the intercropping side rows and the net-planting side rows of the main cultivar is caused by the change of diseases, and the difference of the yields of the intercropping side rows and the net-planting side rows is caused by the change of the competitive environment and the change of the diseases at the same time, so that the comparison of the yield increase caused by the diseases is more accurate for the comparison of the intercropping side rows and the net-planting side rows.
The yield of the intercropped variety in the net planting mode, whether the net planting side row or the net planting inside row, is significantly lower than that in the intercropped mode, while the whole intercropped variety in the mixed planting mode is always in a competitive environment, so that the yield difference between the net planting inside row and the intercropped inside row is caused by the change of disease, and the yield difference between the net planting side row and the net planting inside row is caused by the change of disease and the competition effect simultaneously, therefore, the yield increase due to the disease in comparison with the intercropped variety should be more accurate in comparison with the net planting inside row and the intercropped inside row.
The average single plant yield of the sideline and the Chinese line is obtained by using field test data of 2013 and 2014, the correction coefficient of each pair of combinations is calculated according to a formula of the correction coefficient, the correction coefficient of 2013 is 0.88, the correction coefficient of 2014 is 0.87, the average correction coefficient of two years is 0.87, and the difference between the yield of a non-competitive environment (the sideline) and the yield of a competitive environment (the Chinese line) is about 13% (see fig. 5).
It was found through the above experiments that it was confirmed that there was a large difference in the individual yields of the inner row (competitive environment) and the outer row (non-competitive environment) and that the intercropping inner row was greatly affected, and therefore the total yield was corrected by the correction coefficient in analyzing or predicting the yield, and when there is only the yield data of the side row, it can be obtained by multiplying the yield of the side row by the correction coefficient, and when there is only the yield data of the inner row, it can be obtained by dividing by the correction coefficient, and when it is planted in other ratios, it can be obtained based on the ratio of the side row to the inner row and the correction coefficient.
The experiment utilizes an average single plant yield measuring method to calculate the yield increasing effect according to the principle that competitive rows are compared with competitive rows and side rows are compared with side rows. By comparing the disease control effect and the yield increase effect of the diversity intercropping mode and the net planting mode, the control effect of the main cultivar and the single plant yield increase effect of the main cultivar have obvious positive correlation (see fig. 6), and the control effect of the intercropping cultivar and the single plant yield increase effect of the intercropping cultivar also have obvious correlation (see fig. 7). The same trend was observed for two years, indicating that disease reduction in a diversity intercropping system would achieve yield enhancement.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A method of evaluating crop yield in a hybrid intercropping mode, comprising: the evaluation method comprises the following steps:
1) comparison of the yield of crops in the Mixed intercropping mode and the Net planting mode with the average Individual yield of the crops
Comparing the average single plant yield of the main cultivar in the net planting mode on the side rows with the average single plant yield of the main cultivar in the mixed intercropping mode on the side rows, and comparing the average single plant yield of the intercropping cultivar in the net planting mode on the inner rows with the average single plant yield of the intercropping cultivar in the mixed intercropping mode;
wherein the average yield of the single plant is calculated according to the formula:
wherein Y is the average individual plant yield and N is the total number of the plants tested;
2) yield correction factor determination for competitive and non-competitive environments
The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula Y1Average yield per plant, Y, for mixed intercropping rows2The average individual plant yield of the mixed intercropping side row and the K correction coefficient are obtained;
3) yield increase calculated using average individual plant yields for different row positions
The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein E is the yield increase effect of the average single plant yield; y is1Average yield per plant for mixed intercropping rows, Y2The yield increase effect is calculated according to the principle of comparing competition lines with competition lines and comparing side lines with side lines when comparing the average yield of the single plants in net planting lines.
2. A method of evaluating crop yield in a hybrid intercropping mode according to claim 1, wherein: the grain number of the spike is the total grain number of the main stem spike of the test seed after being harvested and dried, and the unit of the grain number is grain, including the total number of solid grain, empty grain and falling grain.
3. A method of evaluating crop yield in a hybrid intercropping mode according to claim 1, wherein: the thousand grain weight is that after harvesting and air drying, the moisture of grains is measured according to GB/T3543.6-1995, 1000 grains of mature grains are randomly selected and repeatedly weighed for 3 times, the average value of the weights of the grains is taken for 3 times, and the measurement unit is g.
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Application publication date: 20200410 |